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: Objectives: To explore young people's perceptions of the factors that may normalise gambling, and their opinions about the messages they see about gambling in their environments. Methods: An analysis of qualitative data from a mixed methods study of n=111 young people aged 11–16 years in Victoria, Australia. Questions investigated: i) the normalisation of gambling in sport; ii) the impact of advertising on young people; and iii) potential strategies to alert young people about the risks associated with gambling. An inductive approach was used to analyse the data. Results: Participants perceived that gambling was a regular and everyday activity and that gambling was becoming normalised in sport. However, some directly challenged this alignment. They were particularly critical that gambling advertising may influence young people's current and future gambling‐related attitudes and intentions. Most participants supported public health interventions, including more advertising restrictions. Conclusion: Young people's awareness of gambling and gambling marketing may be increasing their perceptions of the alignment between gambling and sport. Implications for public health: Strategies should be developed to increase young people's awareness of the risks associated with gambling. Young people's voices and views should be considered by policy makers in responding to this new public health issue., The emergence of online gambling in Australia and internationally has led to an increase in the promotion of these products via multiple media channels.[sup.1,2] The rapid growth and diversification of [...]

Gender-based fatal violence (femicide) is a preventable cause of premature death. The Counting Dead Women Australia (CDWA) campaign is a femicide census counting violent deaths of women in Australia from 2014. We conducted a cross-sectional in-depth review of CDWA cases Jan-Dec 2014 to establish evidence of antecedent factors and describe femicide in Australia. Victim (n = 81) and perpetrator (n = 83) data were extracted from the CDWA register, law databases and coronial reports. Mixed methods triangulation of socio-demographic and incident characteristics. Women ranged in age from 20 to 82 years of age (44 ± 15.4). There were 83 perpetrators, of which 13 were unknown (not yet apprehended). Known perpetrators (n = 70) ranged in age from 16 to 72 years of age (40 ± 12.7) and 89% were male (62/70). The location of the crime was most frequently the victim's home (49/70). In cases where the relationship between the victim and perpetrator was known (n = 59), over half of femicides were committed by intimate-partners (33/59). Intimate-partner perpetrators were more likely to have a history of violence and commit murder-suicide than other perpetrators. Femicide is overwhelmingly perpetrated by males, with women most vulnerable in their own home and with their intimate partners. Furthermore, intimate-partner femicide is associated with modifiable risk factors, including previous violence and mental health issues, which represents opportunities for early intervention within healthcare settings as practitioners are well-placed to identify risk and provide support. In line with recommendations for multi-sectoral approach, future research should target identification of risk and protective factors, and improved coordination of data collection., Author(s): Patricia Cullen [sup.1] [sup.2] , Geraldine Vaughan [sup.1] , Zhuoyang Li [sup.1] , Jenna Price [sup.3] , Denis Yu [sup.4] , Elizabeth Sullivan [sup.1] [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 [...]

This article draws on interview data gathered from a broader study concerned with examining issues associated with boys, masculinities, and reading at school. The focus is on eight boys in Years 5 and 6 who attend schools in a range of socioeconomic communities in Australia. The boys offer polarized perspectives on reading, with four boys reporting positive attitudes toward reading and describing reading books as 'fun' and another four boys describing reading books as 'boring.' Examined are inflections in these two groups of boys' experiences as readers at school, making visible the way boys' attitudes influence engagement with reading. This research moves beyond broad generalizations about boys to consider complexities inherent in notions of masculinity and how different groups of boys internalize their positioning of reading in ways that influence their attitudes, engagement, and subsequently outcomes in reading. KEYWORDS boys and education, disadvantage, literacy as social practice, masculinities and schooling, reading, schooling, Boys' underachievement in reading, compared to girls, is considered a significant international problem (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD] 2014). By 15 years of age girls outperform boys on [...]

The more unequal the society the more intense the social issues--and the inequalities between people, according to where they live, are well known in Australia. Sydney's Mosman, Melbourne's Toorak, North [...]

Abstract: The idea that freedom should be an explicit goal of development schemes has become popular over recent decades. In this article we consider ways in which the concept is [...]

[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] AUSTRALIA HAS LONG ENJOYED A RELATIONSHIP WITH THE NOTION OF THE END OF THE WORLD, WITH AN ARRAY OF TEXTS SITUATING SUCH A SCENARIO ON THE IS AND [...]

In recent years, governments, researchers, non-government organisations, service providers and international institutions have become increasingly concerned with how to best support the settlement of refugees in UNHCR resettlement nations. Anxieties about the formation of a refugee underclass and the intergenerational impacts of social stratification motivate such inquiries. Settlement is often viewed through either of two lenses; the biomedical frame or the social inclusion frame. These frameworks are complementary rather than exclusive. It is from this combined theoretical perspective that this paper explores the impacts of family separation on the settlement of refugees in Australia. Drawing on focus groups and in-depth interviews across three refugee background communities in metropolitan Melbourne, the paper finds that family separation has pervasive impacts on the wellbeing of the participants and on their capacity to participate and direct their own futures. Family separation is found to be a barrier to settlement and therefore a crucial consideration for the design and provision of settlement services to people with refugee backgrounds. Keywords: refugee, families, refugee settlement, impacts of family separation, Introduction Families matter to all people. However, war, conflict, political instability and associated displacement typically compromise the unity and functioning of refugee families. Family members are commonly separated whilst fleeing […]

Statisticians, policy makers and social researchers widely accept that there is a need to consider a more nuanced range of measures of quality of life that move beyond the economic domain and that take into account key aspects of an individual's life circumstances. Using data from an Australian household survey, a composite Wellbeing Index was created that covered objective circumstances, with known associations to wellbeing, evaluated from the individual's subjective viewpoint. The robustness of the measure comes from the fact that while covering a broad range of key dimensions, the index only includes the items deemed important components of wellbeing by a majority of respondents. The index was then used to explore the extent to which wellbeing is associated with other dimensions of quality of life that have currency in the contemporary literature. The study contributes to the contemporary debate on social wellbeing and acids new Australian evidence to a body of research that has been mainly based on European and American data. Keywords: economic deprivation, income, quality of life, social cohesion, social exclusion, social wellbeing, Introduction Social researchers have long been engaged ill a renewed theoretical and conceptual development of studies of social inequality and social wellbeing (Atkinson 1989). This renewed interest has largely grown […]

In 1838 a child known as Mathinna was removed from the settlement for the remnant of the Tasmanian Aboriginal people on Flinders Island and taken to Hobart to live in [...]

This article provides some reflections on borderwork derived from social anthropological research with Indigenous people in south-eastern Australia (S.E. Australia). In post-settler states, borderwork traverses a range of fields--employment, health, education and politics. It engages both Indigenous and the non-Indigenous who grapple with the issues associated with socially and culturally liminal spaces. Borderwork provides a focus on the way boundaries are continually constructed as well as dismantled and reconstructed as a result of historical, political and social change. The article draws upon the work of Bourdieu (2000) to interrogate the 'naturalisation' of conditions that give rise to particular interpretive frameworks and the specific relations of power that legitimate one interpretive framework over others., 'First Nations people are border workers by the nature of their aboriginal claims and their persisting marginalization ...' (Celia Haig-Brown, 1992:230) Borderwork, by which I mean research that has occurred [...]

The corporate location, concentration and performance of the various large company headquarters present in the Australian urban system are analyzed. The different development trajectories and levels of corporate performance exhibited by the different sectors in the country are also discussed.

A report shows that children living with adults who were forcibly separated from their families are more likely to face a host of challenges. A report shows that children living with adults who were forcibly separated from their families are more likely to face a host of challenges., Author(s): Bianca Nogrady Author Affiliations: Trauma of Australia's Indigenous 'Stolen Generations' is still affecting children today Activities such as collecting honey ants (pictured) have a strong cultural value for many [...]

The relationship between Australian political and social history has received little historiographical attention. Political history has been lauded or, more often, dismissed as traditional historical practice, while from the 1960s social history took its place as a catch-all phrase for various 'new' histories concerned with everyday life. This article examines the place of political and social history in the nascent Australian academic historical profession of the 1950s to the early 1970s, and then explores the impact of the new social history on academic political history. It will suggest that while there was only limited exchange before the late 1980s, in the last twenty years social history has contributed modestly to a reconstituted understanding of political history as part of lived experience. '[...] I can read poetry and plays, and things of that sort, and do not dislike travels. But history, real solemn history, I cannot be interested in. Can you?' 'Yes, I am fond of history.' 'I wish I were too. I read it a little as a duty, but it tells me nothing that does not either vex or weary me. The quarrels of popes and kings, with wars or pestilences, in every page; the men all so good for nothing, and hardly any women at all it is very tiresome: and yet 1 often think it odd that it should be so dull, for a great deal of it must be invention [...]'. (1)

For as long as I can remember, revealing that I'm from Australia has been to invite some harmless comment along the lines of 'oh, you're so far away from the [...]

Backed artefacts, otherwise microliths or backed bladelets, are key indicators of cultural practice in early Australia--but what were they used for? The authors review a number of favourite ideas--hunting, scarification, wood working--and then apply use-wear analysis and residue studies to three prehistoric assemblages. These showed contact with a wide range of materials: wood, plants, bone, blood, skin and feathers. These results are unequivocal--the backed artefacts were hafted and employed as versatile tools with many functions. Keywords: Australia, use-wear, residue, microliths, backed artefacts, craft, inter-site variability, Introduction In Australia, backed artefacts, called microliths or backed bladelets in many parts of the world, have been employed by archaeologists to demonstrate culture change. We know they appeared in [...]

Australia's retirement income arrangements had reached a policy crossroad by the early 1980s. Not unlike the proverbial slippery fish, the goals and roles of its constituent elements were very difficult to grasp. The ensuing reforms of the 1980s and 1990s brought increasing coherence to these arrangements. Some of the more recent changes, however, have once again introduced policy slipperiness through creating a system that is at odds with the intent of the earlier reform efforts. Indeed, Australia's retirement income arrangements have morphed into a system whose function is no longer simply to protect workers from the loss of earned income arising from retirement. The 'zenith' of this situation was reached in July 2007 when the major changes in superannuation announced in the 2006 federal budget took effect. Thus, Australia is once again back at a policy crossroad as far as her retirement income arrangements are concerned. Keywords: retirement, policy, reform, Introduction To obviate the financial losses that would otherwise accompany leaving work in old age, most countries have developed retirement income systems. These systems employ a limited range of governmental, [...]

Morgan and his informants' interpretation of Australian social categories as 'marriage classes' has survived in Dumont's (and Viveiros de Castro's) distinction of a 'local' (Dravidian systems) and a 'global' (Australian systems) formula. This paper explains that the 'global formula' is neither a necessary nor an applied device in Australian kin category determination, even when genealogical memory is short and when there is a non-limitation of range in the extension of categories. Instead, a heuristic model, which is called the relational triangle, is proposed. This model depicts the procedure through which Australian people pragmatically determine and extend kin categories. Moreover, it also offers a visualisation of the cognitive schema and processes framing discourse and behaviour in relation to kinship and draws some parallels with Greenberg's hypotheses on markedness in kinship classes. Key words: Australia, Aborigines, cognitive anthropology, kinship, markedness, It is common sense that the advancement of science is cumulative, that each generation builds upon the findings of previous ones, and that revealed mistakes are revised rather than repeated. [...]

Since the 1970s, 'self-determination' has been the dominant trope for expressing national aspirations for Indigenous Australians. Through the principles of self-determination, the liberal multicultural state has attempted to deliver postcolonial justice to its first peoples. In this new century, the sheen of the self-determination era has faded. Once heralded as the antidote to the racist assimilation era, it is now depicted as the cause of social ills. In this article, I draw on an ethnographic study of White antiracists working in Indigenous health in northern Australia to analyze the brand of liberal rationality that dominated the discourse of the self-determination era. By engaging with a 'tribe' of White people who identify with the aims of the self-determination era, we can decipher the logic of self-determination as an instrument of the liberal state and better understand the internal contradictions and ambiguities that have led to its recent demise. [Keywords: Australia, Indigenous, self-determination, postcolonial, liberal multiculturalism]

Abstract Water has become a critical issue in Australia. Who has it and who determines priorities have become highly politicised. Yet the basis on which priorities are set and stakeholder [...]

The Australian government's retreat from funding public housing projects has prompted urban housing providers to trade their run-down housing for better housing, which means that the tenants have to relocate. Details on the tenants' spatial decision support system in improving tenant choices on forced relocation are discussed.

The author, after suffering a violent assault by his own brother, reflects on the increasing violence in Australia, most of it inflicted on men in the 15 to 44 age range, and the reasons for the attacks.

The article presents a case study focusing on various factors that contribute to the tensions between urban Aborigines and recently resettled young African refugees. Both belong to low socio-economic status and thus compete for scarce resources, material as well as symbolic among the dominant white majority.