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14 results on '"Aurore Hutzler"'

1. The Scientific Importance of Returning Airfall Dust as a Part of Mars Sample Return (MSR)

Author

Monica M. Grady, Roger E. Summons, Timothy D. Swindle, Frances Westall, Gerhard Kminek, Michael A. Meyer, David W. Beaty, Brandi L. Carrier, Timothy Haltigin, Lindsay E. Hays, Carl B. Agee, Henner Busemann, Barbara Cavalazzi, Charles S. Cockell, Vinciane Debaille, Daniel P. Glavin, Ernst Hauber, Aurore Hutzler, Bernard Marty, Francis M. McCubbin, Lisa M. Pratt, Aaron B. Regberg, Alvin L. Smith, Caroline L. Smith, Kimberly T. Tait, Nicholas J. Tosca, Arya Udry, Tomohiro Usui, Michael A. Velbel, Meenakshi Wadhwa, and Maria-Paz Zorzano

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Dust transported in the martian atmosphere is of intrinsic scientific interest and has relevance for the planning of human missions in the future. The MSR Campaign, as currently designed, presents an important opportunity to return serendipitous, airfall dust. The tubes containing samples collected by the Perseverance rover would be placed in cache depots on the martian surface perhaps as early as 2023–24 for recovery by a subsequent mission no earlier than 2028–29, and possibly as late as 2030–31. Thus, the sample tube surfaces could passively collect dust for multiple years. This dust is deemed to be exceptionally valuable as it would inform our knowledge and understanding of Mars' global mineralogy, surface processes, surface-atmosphere interactions, and atmospheric circulation. Preliminary calculations suggest that the total mass of such dust on a full set of tubes could be as much as 100 mg and, therefore, sufficient for many types of laboratory analyses. Two planning steps would optimize our ability to take advantage of this opportunity: (1) the dust-covered sample tubes should be loaded into the Orbiting Sample container (OS) with minimal cleaning and (2) the capability to recover this dust early in the workflow within an MSR Sample Receiving Facility (SRF) would need to be established. A further opportunity to advance dust/atmospheric science using MSR, depending upon the design of the MSR Campaign elements, may lie with direct sampling and the return of airborne dust.

Published
2022
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2. Advanced Curation of Astromaterials for Planetary Science Over the Next Decade

Author

Francis M. McCubbin, Judith H Allton, Jessica J. Barnes, Michael J. Calaway, Catherine M. Corrigan, Justin Filiberto, Marc D. Fries, Juliane Gross, Andrea D. Harrington, Christopher D. K. Herd, Aurore Hutzler, Hope A. Ishii, Timothy J. McCoy, Kevin McKeegan, Julie L Mitchell, Larry R. Nittler, Aaron B. Regberg, Kevin Righter, Christopher J. Snead, Rhonda Stroud, Kimberly T. Tait, Toru Yada, Ryan A. Zeigler, Michael E Zolensky, and Eileen K Stansbery

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Advanced curation is a cross-disciplinary field of research and development aiming to improve curation and sample acquisition practices in existing astromaterials collections and to enable future sample return activities.The primary result of advanced curation is to both reduce and quantify contamination to astromaterials and preserve the scientific integrity of all samples from mission inception to scientific analysis. Over the next decade, NASA should support advanced curation research and monitoring efforts as they pertain to improving our current collections and preparing for samples from current and future astromaterials acquisition activities.We highlight here five advanced curation activities of critical importance for the success of sample science supported by NASA over the coming decade, including: 1) supporting efforts to build contamination knowledge collections as part of sample return missions, which requires curation involvement from the earliest stages of sample return mission planning;2) supporting Earth-based astromaterials collection campaigns of meteorites and cosmic dust as they represent relatively inexpensive sample acquisition activities that continue to grow NASA’s astromaterials collections and enable new discoveries;3) preparing to curate and process samples under “cold” conditions to enable return of samples from volatile-rich Solar System targets like permanently shadowed regions on the lunar surface orcomets;4) determining how best to combine clean room technology and biosafety technology into one infrastructure to support curation of samples from bodies designated as Category V:Restricted Earth Return; and 5) supporting real-time monitoring and testing of curation labs to verify that sample processing environments remain clean from the standpoint of inorganic, organic, and biological contamination

Published
2020

4. The enabling power of international cooperation

Author

Maria Antonietta Perino, Eleonora Ammannito, Gabriella Arrigo, Maria Teresa Capria, Bernard Foing, James Green, Ming Li, Jyeong Ja Kim, Mohammad Madi, Masami Onoda, Yoshio Toukaku, Véronique Dehant, Michel Blanc, Heike Rauer, Pierre Bousquet, Jérémie Lasue, Manuel Grande, Linli Guo, Aurore Hutzler, and Jonathan Lewis

Published
2023
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5. Contributors

Author

Jorge Alves, Eleonora Ammannito, Nicolas André, Gabriella Arrigo, Sami Asmar, David Atkinson, Adriano Autino, Pierre Beck, Gilles Berger, Michel Blanc, Scott Bolton, Anne Bourdon, Pierre Bousquet, Emma Bunce, Maria Teresa Capria, Pascal Chabert, Sébastien Charnoz, Baptiste Chide, Steve Chien, Ilaria Cinelli, John Day, Véronique Dehant, Brice Demory, Shawn Domagal-Goldman, Caroline Dorn, Alberto G. Fairén, Valerio Filice, Leigh N. Fletcher, Bernard Foing, François Forget, Anthony Freeman, B. Scott Gaudi, Antonio Genova, Manuel Grande, James Green, Léa Griton, Linli Guo, Heidi Hammel, Christiane Heinicke, Ravit Helled, Kevin Heng, Alain Herique, Dennis Höning, Joshua Vander Hook, Aurore Hutzler, Takeshi Imamura, Caitriona Jackman, Yohai Kaspi, Jyeong Ja Kim, Daniel Kitzman, Wlodek Kofman, Eiichiro Kokubo, Oleg Korablev, Jérémie Lasue, Joseph Lazio, Jérémy Leconte, Emmanuel Lellouch, Louis Le Sergeant d'Hendecourt, Jonathan Lewis, Ming Li, Steve Mackwell, Mohammad Madi, Advenit Makaya, Nicolas Mangold, Bernard Marty, Sylvestre Maurice, Ralph McNutt, Patrick Michel, Alessandro Morbidelli, Christoph Mordasini, Olivier Mousis, David Nesvorny, Lena Noack, Masami Onoda, Merav Opher, Gian Gabriele Ori, James Owen, Chris Paranicas, Victor Parro, Maria Antonietta Perino, Christina Plainaki, Robert Preston, Olga Prieto-Ballesteros, Liping Qin, Sascha Quanz, Heike Rauer, Jose A. Rodriguez-Manfredi, Juergen Schmidt, Dave Senske, Ignas Snellen, Krista M. Soderlund, Christophe Sotin, Linda Spilker, Tilman Spohn, Keith Stephenson, Veerle J. Sterken, Leonardo Testi, Nicola Tosi, Yoshio Toukaku, Stéphane Udry, Ann C. Vandaele, Allona Vazan, Julia Venturini, Pierre Vernazza, J. Hunter Waite, Joachim Wambsganss, Armin Wedler, Frances Westall, Philippe Zarka, Sonia Zine, and Qiugang Zong

Published
2023
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6. Preface

Author

Michel Blanc, Pierre Bousquet, Véronique Dehant, Bernard Foing, Manuel Grande, Linli Guo, Aurore Hutzler, Jérémie Lasue, Jonathan Lewis, Maria Antonietta Perino, and Heike Rauer

Published
2023
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7. Final Report of the Mars Sample Return Science Planning Group 2 (MSPG2)

Author

Michael A. Meyer, Gerhard Kminek, David W. Beaty, Brandi L. Carrier, Timothy Haltigin, Lindsay E. Hays, Carl B. Agree, Henner Busemann, Barbara Cavalazzi, Charles S. Cockell, Vinciane Debaille, Daniel P. Glavin, Monica M. Grady, Ernst Hauber, Aurore Hutzler, Bernard Marty, Francis M. McCubbin, Lisa M. Pratt, Aaron B. Regberg, Alvin L. Smith, Caroline L. Smith, Roger E. Summons, Timothy D. Swindle, Kimberly T. Tait, Nicholas J. Tosca, Arya Udry, Tomohiro Usui, Michael A. Velbel, Meenakshi Wadhwa, Frances Westall, and Maria-Paz Zorzano

Subjects
life, laboratory experiments, Extraterrestrial Environment, astrobiology, Mars, Planets, sample return, Space Flight, exploration, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Space and Planetary Science, sample analysis, Exobiology, Humans
Abstract

The Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign must meet a series of scientific and technical achievements to be successful. While the respective engineering responsibilities to retrieve the samples have been formalized through a Memorandum of Understanding between ESA and NASA, the roles and responsibilities of the scientific elements have yet to be fully defined. In April 2020, ESA and NASA jointly chartered the MSR Science Planning Group 2 (MSPG2) to build upon previous planning efforts in defining 1) an end-to-end MSR Science Program and 2) needed functionalities and design requirements for an MSR Sample Receiving Facility (SRF). The challenges for the first samples brought from another planet include not only maintaining and providing samples in pristine condition for study, but also maintaining biological containment until the samples meet sample safety criteria for distribution outside of biocontainment. The MSPG2 produced six reports outlining 66 findings. Abbreviated versions of the five additional high-level MSPG2 summary findings are: Summary-1. A long-term NASA/ESA MSR Science Program, along with the necessary funding and human resources, will be required to accomplish the end-to-end scientific objectives of MSR. Summary-2. MSR curation would need to be done concurrently with Biosafety Level-4 containment. This would lead to complex first-of-a-kind curation implementations and require further technology development. Summary-3. Most aspects of MSR sample science could, and should, be performed on samples deemed safe in laboratories outside of the SRF. However, other aspects of MSR sample science are both time-sensitive and sterilization-sensitive and would need to be carried out in the SRF. Summary-4. To meet the unique science, curation, and planetary protection needs of MSR, substantial analytical and sample management capabilities would be required in an SRF. Summary-5. Because of the long lead-time for SRF design, construction, and certification, it is important that preparations begin immediately, even if there is delay in the return of samples.

Published
2021

9. Contributors

Author

Masanao Abe, Jérôme Aléon, Alice Aléon-Toppani, Allan Bennett, Lucy Berthoud, Janet Borg, John C. Bridges, Donald E. Brownlee, Rosario Brunetto, Don Burnett, John Robert Brucato, Vincenzo Della Corte, Vinciane Debaille, Fabrizio Dirri, Zahia Djouadi, Heather L. Enos, Ludovic Ferrière, Luigi Folco, Frédéric Foucher, Ian A. Franchi, Akira Fujiwara, Matthieu Gounelle, Monica M. Grady, John Holt, Aurore Hutzler, Eric A. Jerde, Amy Jurewicz, Junichiro Kawaguchi, Dante S. Lauretta, Stefano Leuko, Andrea Longobardo, Jonathan I. Lunine, Yves Marrocchi, Andrea Meneghin, Ernesto Palomba, Anjani T. Polit, Thomas Pottage, Yuqi Qian, Dan Reisenfeld, Petra Rettberg, Heather L. Roper, Alessandra Rotundi, Sara S. Russell, Scott A. Sandford, Caroline L. Smith, Evgeny Slyuta, Shogo Tachibana, Elizabeth J. Tasker, Akira Tsuchiyama, John Vrublevskis, Qian Wang, Qiong Wang, Frances Westall, Roger C. Wiens, Catherine W.V. Wolner, Long Xiao, Makoto Yoshikawa, Jutta Zipfel, and Michael E. Zolensky

Published
2021
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10. Planning Implications Related to Sterilization-Sensitive Science Investigations Associated with Mars Sample Return (MSR)

Author

Michael A. Velbel, Charles S. Cockell, Daniel P. Glavin, Bernard Marty, Aaron B. Regberg, Alvin L. Smith, Nicholas J. Tosca, Meenakshi Wadhwa, Gerhard Kminek, Michael A. Meyer, David W. Beaty, Brandi Lee Carrier, Timothy Haltigin, Lindsay E. Hays, Carl B. Agee, Henner Busemann, Barbara Cavalazzi, Vinciane Debaille, Monica M. Grady, Ernst Hauber, Aurore Hutzler, Francis M. McCubbin, Lisa M. Pratt, Caroline L. Smith, Roger E. Summons, Timothy D. Swindle, Kimberly T. Tait, Arya Udry, Tomohiro Usui, Frances Westall, Maria-Paz Zorzano, and Velbel M.A., Beaty D.W., CarrierB.L., Cockell C.S., Glavin D.P., Marty B., Regberg A.B., Smith A.l., Tosca N.J., Wadhwa M., Kminek G., Meyer M.A., Haltigin T., Hays L.E., Agee C.B., Busemann H., Cavalazzi B., Debaille V., Grady M.M., Hauber E., Hutzler A., McCubbin F.M., Pratt L.M., Smith C.L., Summons R.E., Swindle T.D., Tait K.T., Udry A., Usui T., Westall F., Zorzano M.-P.

Subjects
geology, Extraterrestrial Environment, Nitrogen, Polymers, astrobiology, Mars, sample return, Hazardous Substances, Nucleic Acids, Exobiology, Minerals, Fatty Acids, Sterilization, Water, Phosphorus, DNA, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Carbon, Oxygen, Sterols, Space and Planetary Science, RNA, Gases, NASA/ESA Mars Sample Return (MSR), laboratory analysis, Hydrogen
Abstract

The NASA/ESA Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign seeks to establish whether life on Mars existed where and when environmental conditions allowed. Laboratory measurements on the returned samples are useful if what is measured is evidence of phenomena on Mars rather than of the effects of sterilization conditions. This report establishes that there are categories of measurements that can be fruitful despite sample sterilization and other categories that cannot. Sterilization kills living microorganisms and inactivates complex biological structures by breaking chemical bonds. Sterilization has similar effects on chemical bonds in non-biological compounds, including abiotic or pre-biotic reduced carbon compounds, hydrous minerals, and hydrous amorphous solids. We considered the sterilization effects of applying dry heat under two specific temperature-time regimes and the effects of γ-irradiation. Many measurements of volatile-rich materials are sterilization sensitive—they will be compromised by either dehydration or radiolysis upon sterilization. Dry-heat sterilization and γ-irradiation differ somewhat in their effects but affect the same chemical elements. Sterilization-sensitive measurements include the abundances and oxidation-reduction (redox) states of redox-sensitive elements, and isotope abundances and ratios of most of them. All organic molecules, and most minerals and naturally occurring amorphous materials that formed under habitable conditions, contain at least one redox-sensitive element. Thus, sterilization-sensitive evidence about ancient life on Mars and its relationship to its ancient environment will be severely compromised if the samples collected by Mars 2020 rover Perseverance cannot be analyzed in an unsterilized condition. To ensure that sterilization-sensitive measurements can be made even on samples deemed unsafe for unsterilized release from containment, contingency instruments in addition to those required for curation, time-sensitive science, and the Sample Safety Assessment Protocol would need to be added to the Sample Receiving Facility (SRF). Targeted investigations using analogs of MSR Campaign-relevant returned-sample types should be undertaken to fill knowledge gaps about sterilization effects on important scientific measurements, especially if the sterilization regimens eventually chosen are different from those considered in this report., Astrobiology, 22 (S1), ISSN:1531-1074, ISSN:1557-8070

Published
2021

11. Radionuclide Studies of Stony Meteorites from Hot Deserts

Author

A J Timothy Jull, Marlène D Giscard, Aurore Hutzler, Caitlin J Schnitzer, David Zahn, George S Burr, Lanny R McHargue, and Dolores Hill

Subjects
Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We summarize the use of radiocarbon produced by spallation in meteorites in space to determine their terrestrial age or residence time. This “age” gives us important information as it can be compared to the rates of weathering and infall of meteorites. The processes that affect the collection of meteorites in a given area can be related to the rates of infall of new meteorites, and the rate of removal by chemical weathering and physical erosion.

Published
2013
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12. Radionuclide Studies of Stony Meteorites from Hot Deserts

Author

Dolores H. Hill, George S. Burr, Caitlin J Schnitzer, Aurore Hutzler, David Zahn, Marlène D Giscard, A. J. Timothy Jull, and L. R. McHargue

Subjects
Archeology, Radionuclide, Meteorite, law, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weathering, Spallation, Radiocarbon dating, Geology, Astrobiology, law.invention
Abstract

We summarize the use of radiocarbon produced by spallation in meteorites in space to determine their terrestrial age or residence time. This “age” gives us important information as it can be compared to the rates of weathering and infall of meteorites. The processes that affect the collection of meteorites in a given area can be related to the rates of infall of new meteorites, and the rate of removal by chemical weathering and physical erosion. DOI: 10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16202

Published
2013
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13. Carbon and oxygen isotope fractionations between aragonite and calcite of shells from modern molluscs

Author

Vincent Balter, François Martineau, Romain Amiot, Danièle Grosheny, Bruno Reynard, Christophe Lécuyer, François Fourel, Valérie Daux, Aurore Hutzler, Olga Otero, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut International de Paléoprimatologie, Paléontologie Humaine : Evolution et Paléoenvironnement (IPHEP), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Division Mécanique des Sols des Roches et de la Géologie de l'Ingénieur (LCPC/MSRGI), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de géochimie de la surface (CGS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mineralogy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, 14. Life underwater, Isotopic fractionation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Calcite, Oxygen-18, Stable isotope ratio, Aragonite, Geology, Oxygen isotope ratio cycle, Stable isotope, Calcium carbonate, chemistry, Isotopes of carbon, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], engineering, Carbonate, Mollusc
Abstract

International audience; Carbon and oxygen isotope fractionations between calcite and aragonite were investigated by analyzing marine gastropods and bivalves that lived under temperate to tropical climates. Species that secrete both aragonite and calcite layers were studied to ensure similitude of changes in the isotopic composition of water, in diet, and in metabolic activity during shell growth. Aragonite and calcite layers from the adult parts of the shell were identified and mapped by using Raman spectroscopy. Powder samples were obtained by micro-drilling under a stereo microscope. Thirty-six pairs of aragonite-calcite samples were obtained from ten gastropod and five bivalve species. Biogenic aragonite is C-13-enriched by 0.95 +/- 0.81%. and O-18-enriched by 0.37 +/- 0.65%. relative to co-existing biogenic calcite. Direction and magnitude of the carbon isotope fractionation are compatible with those already determined by using low-temperature experimental approaches. The observed oxygen isotope difference between biogenic aragonite and calcite is assigned to the difference (similar to 0.4 parts per thousand) in the acid fractionation factor values that must be taken into account during digestion of carbonate polymorphs at 90 degrees C. It is concluded that biogenic calcium carbonate polymorphs precipitate close to, but not in isotopic equilibrium with seawater. Therefore, empirical oxygen isotope fractionation equations that were established on the basis of modern mollusc shells and ambient waters should be preferred for the calculation of aquatic paleotemperatures.

Published
2012
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14. COSMIC SPHERULE DENSITY IN SOIL AND SURFACE EXPOSURE AGE IN THE ATACAMA DESERT, CHILE

Author

Pierre Rochette, Aurore Hutzler, Nyindong, A., Spitale, S., Didier Bourles, Regis Braucher, Perrine Chaurand, Jerome Gattacceca, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Pin, Thierry, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

We describe the geological, morphological, and climatic setting of the San Juan meteorite collection area in the Central Depression of the Atacama Desert (Chile). Our recovery activities yielded 48 meteorites corresponding to a minimum of 36 different falls within a 3.88 km 2 area. The recovery density is in the range 9-12 falls km ) 2 depending on pairing, making it the densest among meteorite collection areas in hot deserts. This high meteorite concentration is linked to the long-standing hyperaridity of the area, the stability of the surface pebbles (> Ma), and very low erosion rates of surface pebbles (approximately 30 cm Ma ) 1 maximum). The San Juan meteorite population is characterized by old terrestrial ages that range from zero to beyond 40 ka, and limited weathering compared with other dense collection areas in hot desert. Chemical weathering in San Juan is slow and mainly controlled by the initial porosity of meteorites. As in the Antarctic and other hot deserts, there is an overabundance of H chondrites and a shortage of LL chondrites compared with the modern falls population, suggesting a recent (< few ka) change in the composition of the meteorite flux to Earth.

Published
2011

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