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From the old times the phytotherapy help in ameliorating and treating of some ailments, this had highlith some medicinal and aromatic plants species to beeing cultivated to more areas. In Romania, more than 300 medicinal and aromatic plant species are known, the purpose of research from the RDSPCS Dabuleni being to the promotion of some medicinal and aromatic plants species on sandy soils. So, the folllowin medicinal and aromatic species with therapeutic value was studied: Salvia officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Calendula officinalis, Hyssopus officinalis. Salvia officinalis due to its rich vitamin content, is considered a miraculous plant with healing properties. Lavandula angustifolia is used in natural medicine for various teas, oils and tinctures, but also in the cosmetic industry for perfumes, soaps and body lotions. Calendula officinalis is cultivated for its flowers due to its antiinflammatory, antiseptic, antimicrobial action. Hyssopus officinalis is a very precious plant for health due to the volatile oils and flavonoids in its composition. These species are studied to profitably capitalize on the ecopedological conditions specific to sandy soils in terms of production capacities and the active principles they contain compared to the forms existing in other areas of the country. Thus, during the study period, Salvia officinalis has registerred the highest yield of 14052 kg/ha fresh herb compared to the other studied species, with a dry yield of 4:1.

The aim of this study was to provide information on the physico-chemical characteristics of the seeds of pumpkin varieties and genotypes, grown on the sandy soils of southern Oltenia. Different physico-chemical characteristics of whole pumpkin seeds were analyzed. So, the length, width and thickness recorded, in the two years of the study, average values between 17.26 -20.58 mm; 11.06 - 11.74 mm; and 4.11 - 4.55 mm in 2021, respectively 17.64 - 22.10 mm; 10.67 -12.80 mm and 3.77 - 4.93 mm, in the year 2022. Seed weight, another characteristic determined, varied in the two years of the study between 0.26 – 0.32g (2021) and 0.25 – 0.46g (2022). Based on the measurements, sphericity and shape indices were calculated. Regarding the chemical composition of pumpkin seeds, in 2022 the content of moisture, protein and oil was determined.

The early potato is one of the most profitable crops. It must be cultivated only in those areas where the environmental factors are favorable for achieving large productions, and the southern area of Oltenia meets the necessary conditions required by the plant's biology. The researches followed the efficiency of the foliar fertilization as well as the behavior of the early potato plants regarding the realized production, depending on the administered dose. The use of foliar fertilizers on early potato has led to increased yields in all variants. By applying the ATON ZN product, the production of tubers achieved in 2021, of 36266 Kg/ha, was superior to the untreated control by 11100 Kg/ha, which means an increase of 44.1%. By applying the SEACTIV SILVER product, the production of tubers achieved in 2021, of 32166 Kg/ha, was superior to the untreated control by 7000 Kg/ha, which means an increase of 27.8%. The increase in production was achieved due to the increase in the average weight of the tubers from the variant treated with SEACTIV SILVER, which was statistically assured as distinctly significant positive.

In the context of climate change, the use of microalgae is an alternative to meet the requirements of agriculture, food and renewable energy. A major area of application is the use of microalgae as biofertilizers in agriculture. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of the application of Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230 inoculum on the evolution of soil chemical composition, as well as the ability of microalgae, as a biofertilizer, on the growth and development of tomato plants, including the influence on plant physiological indices. Ground determinations, at 60 days after application of Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230 inoculum indicated higher values of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic carbon content in the soil, The results regarding the growth and development of the plants obtained in the protected area (solar greenhouse), for the Romec 554j tomato variety showed differences between the variants studied. The Romec 554j tomato variety recorded a higher rate of photosynthesis in the version treated with the inoculum of Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230, compared to the control version and the technologically fertilized version (12,66 µmol CO2 / m2 / s, compared to 11,82 µmol CO2 / m2 / s in the control version and 12,48 µmol CO2 / m2 / s in the technologically fertilized version), but the values were not statistically assured.

Microalgae and cyanobacteria are a potentially sustainable alternative for the improvement and protection of agricultural crops. Mineral fertilizers raise environmental and health issues. and current agricultural practices depend to a large extent on the application of fertilizers and pesticides. In this study. we examined the effect of cyanobacteria and microalgae on tomato seed germination. seedling growth. green and dry biomass. gas exchange from leaves (plant photosynthesis and transpiration). and the chlorophyll content of leaves (chlorophyll a. b and carotene). as well as on the soil respiration process. The obtained results highlight higher values of green and dry biomass in the variants inoculated with cyanobacteria and microalgae compared to the control variant and comparable to the values obtained in the technologically fertilized variants. Tomato seedlings showed higher photosynthesis values compared to the control and compared to the technologically fertilized variant in the soil of the pea plot (7.06 μmol CO2 / m2 / s compared to 6.33μmol CO2 / m2 / s in the control variant and 7.06 μmol CO2 / m2 / s in the technologically fertilized version). And in the case of the soil in the museum plot. the values of photosynthesis in the version with the inoculum of cyanobacteria and microalgae were statistically assured compared to the control.

The research followed the behaviour of white grape vine varieties in the ampelographic collection over a ten-year period (2012-2021). The fertility of the shoots, recorded different values depending on the variety and climatic conditions. The relative fertility coefficient recorded both subunit and superunit values depending on the year, with one exception, the variety Fetească regală Cl. 21 Bl., where the values were only superunitary (1.13-1.67), while the maximum value of the absolute fertility coefficient was recorded for the variety Blasius, ranging from 1.23 to 2.10. In terms of average grape production, for the period 2013-2021, the varieties Brumariu stood out with a production value of 15828 kg/ha and Selena with 13729 kg/ha. At the opposite end of the scale were Columna (8095 kg/ha) and Donaris (7764 kg/ha). Total sugar content values at harvest maturity varied from variety to variety and from year to year. In this respect, the Selena variety came first, with an average total sugar content of 210 g/l. Columna had the lowest average total sugar content (167 g/l).

The tomato genotypes studied (L-11/53, Monalbo, L-24/13 and AP-10) were subjected to an analysis of the variability of the main quantitative characteristics of the fruit (fruit weight, fruit height and diameter, shape index, pericarp thickness and soluble dry matter).The registered biometric data were statistically processed, calculating for each analyzed character the mean (x̄), the standard deviation (s), the coefficient of variability (s%), the range of variability (k = x̄ ± s) and the frequency of individuals in the range of variability (f%).The statistical analysis of the recorded data showed that the four tomato genotypes are uniform in terms of the variability of the main characters, the coefficient of variability having medium and low values for most of the analyzed characters, and represent a valuable material for the improvement of this species under conditions of thermal stress hydric from the area sandy soils.

The objective of this study is to present the behavior of 5 genotypes of garden beans: Ișalnița 43, Iuliana, Dabuleni Population (P1), Dabuleni Population (P2) and Ioana in the pedo-climatic conditions of the Dăbuleni area. The experiment is monofactorial and was located in the experimental field according to the method of randomized blocks in 3 repetitions. Cultivation technology specific to sandy soils was applied. Determinations were made regarding: number of pods per plant, length of pods, diameter of pods, average production achieve and phenological observations. The Ișalnița 43, P1, P2 genotypes stood out for their earliness, and the P1 genotype for the average production achieved. The weight of the pods varied between 15.59 g in the P2 genotype and 3.09 g in the Iuliana genotype.

Research into the cultivation of watermelons began many years ago. At the beginning, at RDSPCS Dăbuleni, the study of as many varieties and hybrids as possible was considered, in order to determine which ones find optimal conditions for growth and development on sandy soils and which meet the demands of the constantly changing market. Another important concern in the research activity at RDSPCS Dăbuleni was related to the obtaining of extra-early and early productions. In the traditional culture, established by direct sowing, mulching the soil with polyethylene ensured a production increase of 5.2 t/ha, 0.9 t/ha representing extra-early production, and in the seedling culture, by mulching the total production increased by 7.2 t/ha, and extra-early production increased by 2.3 t/ha compared to the non-mulched crop. Plant grafting, regardless of cultivar, rootstock and protection method, showed resistance to the attack of Fusarium oxysporum, even when crop rotation was not respected, but did not influence the attack of foliar pathogens (Alternaria cucumerina and Colletotrichum lagenarium).

Recovery sandy soils top was a major concern, sandy soil cultivation with the crop plants had the main goal need to increase the agricultural production. Sands in southern Oltenia offers less favorable conditions of plant life, which is why the range of cultivated plants is much lower than in other areas.Seed plants that require small and early seed (alfalfa) are affected by the negative effect of the wind, which blows away the sand particles, lesion rooted young plants or compromising their culture. On sandy soils in southern Oltenia (Field Dabuleni), forage crops help to improve physical, hydro-chemical properties, change the living conditions for plants, animals and humans, create an ecological balance that preserves the environment, partly destroyed by abolishing plantations of Robinia pseudocacia and leveling dunes relief for arranging irrigation.Among perennial leguminous pure culture, alfalfa is the most valuable forage plant feed all animal species, both for its output, especially for forage quality. Achieving quality parameters alfalfa is conditional, namely the establishment of the following technologies, namely: mowing standing of the optimal phenological stages of the plant, the establishment range of mowing or the number of harvest in a year.

In order to solve and clarifying certain aspects of the clay content (particles [0.002 mm) sands and sandy soils, humus, respectively, the process of bioaccumulation and mineralization the organic matter of the land, in the Research and Development Centre for Plant Growing on Sand Dabuleni, have initiated research aimed at finding methods and means for accumulating and thus the increase in the content of clay in the soil, respectively humus.Therefore, to improve radical of sandy soils, we found it necessary to resort to what is called loess process. It consists in enriching the horizon the surface soil (20-25 cm) the fraction with 8-10% clay, to 1.5-5%, as currently it contains. It is primarily intended to influence various amounts loess material on physical, hydro- physical and chemical properties of soils, then the plant response to changes products in the soil, increasing the guaranteed potential fertility of these soils, which will result in production high and constant.Obtaining appropriate agricultural production on sandy soils (eutric psamosol) it is limited not only by the soil, but also other factors such as relief, drainage and even climate. Because coarse texture, water-holding capacity in the case of sandy soils it is very low in all soils, the clay content below 5% production capacity of soils it is particularly low in the absence of agropedoameliorative measures and especially irrigation. Wind erosion occurs in all perimeters sandy soils, with higher intensity is observed in Oltenia Plain (Dabuleni Field).

Climate change has led to drought, the expansion of desertification, loss of wetlands, loss of biodiversity, declining agricultural output and productivity. In the area of sandy soils in the southwest of Romania, where, compared to the multiannual average, the average air temperature in the May-August period increased by 1.010C and the precipitations recorded insignificant increases (5.97 mm), being very low (227. 82 mm) and unevenly distributed in relation to plant requirements. In these conditions, it is necessary to cultivate some species of plants resistant to drought and to preserve and improve some genetic resources adapted to the arid climate. For the efficient use of the microclimate in the sandy soils areas at the Dabuleni Research & Development Station for Plant Culture on Sands, three genotypes of Aura 26, Ofelia, Doljana were developed, which were studied in a comparison comparative culture with Jiana variety. The production potential of the new varieties (2120-2706 kg / ha) was clearly superior to the control variety, the production differences being significant and very significant.

The pedo-climatic conditions specific to sandy soils in southwest Oltenia determine differences in performing different phenophases of growth and development of plants, both between varieties and in the physiological behavior of the same variety under different yield conditions. Therefore, at the Dăbuleni Research and Development Station for Plant Culture on Sands, research was carried out on some physiological, biochemical and production processes at five varieties of bell peppers cultivated in the open fields and solar. Determinations of photosynthesis, foliar transpiration, the biochemical composition of fruits, quantity, and quality of bell pepper production were performed. The physiological and biochemical processes studied were influenced by the environmental conditions specific to each cultivation method, but also by the studied variables. Of the 5 varieties studied, the best results on the biochemical composition of the fruits were recorded at the Artim variety (8.83% total dry substance, 4.60% soluble dry substance, 0.19% acidity, 3.80% carbohydrate and 36.96% vitamin C). The production was between 15,387 t / ha for open-field plants and 108,574 t / ha for plants grown in the solar, the differences between the two cultivation methods being statistically assured as distinctly significant.

"For the capitalization of the climate and soil conditions for the sandy soil region in Southern Oltenia by cultivating peanuts it is necessary to use varieties with large production abilities and proper technology for the crops. In view of its cultivation on south Oltenia sandy soils, there were carried out in the period 2004-2006, at the Plants Crops Research and Development Station on Sandy Soils Dabuleni, experiments have been set regarding aspects such as: the optimal seeding period, the recommendation varieties with high yield potential and balanced composition. The research was conducted under irrigation conditions, in a three-year rotation of wheat, peanut, maize. Along with erect growth type varieties, known for their short vegetation period, rising and creeping growth type varieties can also be used; these varieties have a great production potential in our country`s conditions. Establishing the proper time for seeding is espe since sandy soils are heating quickly but are also cooling quickly, the best seeding time is between the end of April- the beginning of May, depending on the date when the seeding depth has a steady temperature, minimal required for the seed to germinate."

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are widely grown as a food and oleaginous species. Cultivation of peanuts offers important economic benefits, but one of the most important challenges that growers confront is the fight against destructive diseases. Culture is susceptible to a variety of pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes, resulting in low yields and degradation of grain quality. Among the most devastating fungal diseases of peanuts are Cercospora arachidicola, Puccinia arachidis, Sclerotium rolfsii which cause substantial loss of production. Loss of yields due to the incidence of peanut disease may be up to 50%. Fungicides can be used to combat fungal diseases, but there are alternative disease control options, such as cultural practices, cultivation of resistant varieties, which can be useful in combating diseases by reducing the frequency of application of fungicides.

Sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam is a drought resistant species with vigorous growth and high productivity adapted to the conditions of sandy soils (Iamandei Maria et al., 2014, Diaconu Aurelia et al., 2016). In terms of Romania, sweet potato are reproduces by shoots obtained under solar. In this respect, the research carried out at CCDCPN Dabuleni between 2016-2017 aimed at obtaining sweet potato shoots in a trifactorial experience, as follows: Factor A - Planting time in the solar (15 March, 25 March), Factor B - Variety (KSP 1 and KSC 1), Factor C - Diameter of tubers (2, 3, 4 cm). The results obtained on the monitoring of solar microclimate influence on growth and development of sweet potato shoots and plant physiological processes (photosynthesis, perspiration, chlorophyll content) underline the importance of the planting period and the quality of the biological material planted in the solar. Observations and determinations of growth rate they have a slow pace in April, when climatic factors have fluctuated greatly from night to day, which increased in the first decade of May, when the shoots saw the optimal planting size of 35-40 cm. The best results were obtained by planting in the solar on March 25, using tuberous roots 3-4 cm in diameter, when there was an intense physiological activity and a large number of shoots on the tuber (9.125-9.980 shoots).

The area of psamosols in southern Oltenia is characterized by thermohydraulic stress, accentuated by the thermal resources recorded and by the poor hydrophysical properties of the soil. Higher capitalization of these lands has been an important concern both in the world and in our country, and the choice of plant species with increased drought resistance and low water consumption is a measure to counteract the negative effects of the drought. The humidity analysis of a psamosol, on the 0-125 cm profile, indicates a momentary supply of reduced water and a water deficit compared to the field capacity of -34.4 ... -65.5 m3 / ha. In order to obtain economic results on these soils, it is necessary to cultivate low-water plants, such as a cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) that consumes about 4160 m3 / ha, compared to soybeans that have almost double consumption. The results obtained in 4 genotypes of cowpea highlight the daily average values of the plant's foliar sweating, in the blooming phase, ranging between 4.05 -5.23 mmol H2O / m2 / s, which correlated negatively with the level of grain production.

Sorghum bicolor L. Moench is a herbaceous annual C4-type plant, with a high ecological plasticity because it can be grown in tropical, subtropical, temperate and semi-arid regions, harnessing soils with reduced natural fertility, from the category of sandy soils. Studies on 5 sweet sorghum hybrids studied under psamosols in southern Oltenia highlight a bioenergy potential in the milk-wax phase of the grain, ranging from 60847.4-89338.65 Mcal / ha, with a maximum in the hybrid Shaşm 2, which achieved a distinctly significant difference in production, compared to the average production of hybrids. The results recorded in sugar sorghum production were positively correlated, significantly distinct with leaf index determined during the flowering of the plants (r = 0.9854**).

Sandy soils from Oltenia Plain occupies the largest area in the country, about 209.400 ha and are situated on terraces of the Danube, the Jiu and Olt River and west Oltenia Plain. The primary material of the origin of the sand in the south Oltenia is the Carpathians South of Olt and Jiu, the differences consisting of the amount somewhat less coarse sand by the Danube, rich in calcium carbonate thereof as compared to the sand and sandy soils from Left Jiu. The territory between Olt, Jiu, and Danube consists of two distinct areas: one field Leu-Rotunda, located in southeastern Oltenia. This field is a continuation of the surface of the plateau levatinului Piedmont. The second area is formed by terraces Olt, Jiu and Danube. This area has the absolute altitude between 110-140 m with slopes to the east and south. As such relief formations have shown sandy dunes and interdune form. Dunes had heights of 5-15 m and 100-500 m width were interdune. Area with sandy soils in southern Oltenia is crossed by a river system, represented by the Danube River to the south, Olt River to the east and west Jiu River. Plant growth and development of the sandy, is related to the presence of water, which has a decisive role. Low rainfall, high temperatures and Austru wind, warm and dry, make sands of Oltenia sometimes take the form of semi-desert. From an textural, in most cases, the percentage of coarse sand is higher and the lower sand on the dune and the interdune increase both the proportion of sand and the clay. In Oltenia Plain appear dominant cernisols represented by typical chernozems, calcic chernozems, cambic chernozems, gleyic chernozems and argic chernozems, which are added some luvisols of type reddish preluvosols and typical luvosols and some typical eutricambosols. Not missing hidrisols nor salsodisols, and in floodplains and terraces predominate protisols with distric psamosols and eutric aluviosols. Lately, as a result of pedoameliorative measures, such as shaping and leveling, were essential changes in both the forms of relief, and the main physical and chemical properties, disappearing dunes due to mobilization on higher ground sand and depositing the material in interdune. Excavated and deposited quantities of sand are varied both in terms of origin and physic and chemical properties. Production potential is medium. Requires to stem deflation, the increase in organic matter in the soil and especially in the areas set (level model), the fertilization and maintaining forest cover.