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The System for Assessment of Ecological Condition, coordinated by the Norwegian Environment Agency, is intended to form the foundation for evidence-based assessments of the ecological condition of Norwegian terrestrial and marine ecosystems not covered by the EU Water Framework Directive. The reference condition is defined as “intact ecosystems”, i.e., a condition that is largely unimpacted by modern industrial anthropogenic activities. An ecosystem in good ecological condition is defined as a system that does not deviate substantially from this reference condition in structure, functions or productivity. This means that, in practice, what is assessed here is the extent to which an ecosystem is impacted by anthropogenic drivers. This report describes the first operational assessment of the ecological condition of Norwegian Arctic and Sub-Arctic marine shelf ecosystems in the Barents Sea. The assessment method employed is the Panel-based Assessment of Ecosystem Condition (PAEC1), and the current assessment has considered to what extent the Barents Sea shelf ecosystems deviate from the reference condition2 by evaluating change trajectories. Panel-based Assessment of Ecosystem Condition of Norwegian Barents Sea Shelf Ecosystems

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Prosjektleder Trond Kristiansen Vi beskriver statistisk nedskalering av det marine fysisk-biologiske klimaet for norskekysten under tre klimagassutslippscenarioer (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5). Resultatene inngår i beregningene for fremtidig habitatskvalitet for fem utvalgte marine arter langs norskekysten: kysttorsk, kongekrabbe, Atlantisk laks, stortare og drøbakkråkebolle. Resultatene indikerer at kongekrabbe vil hovedsakelig finnes i Nord-Norge, men habitatkvalitet vil synke frem til 2100. Kysttorsk vil kunne finnes langs hele norskekysten frem mot år 2100, men en nedgang i habitatkvalitet forventes uavhengig av klimascenario. For Atlantisk laks vil økte havtemperaturer gi redusert habitatskvalitet, men uavhengig av klimascenario vil kystsonen forbli egnet habitat. Habitatskvaliteten for stortare forventes å holde seg stabil i sørlige kystområder og øke i nordlige områder, men med en sterkere økning i temperatur mot slutten av århundret kan vi forvente nedgang eller lokal utryddelse i Sør-Norge avhengig av scenario. Habitatet for drøbakkråkebolle vil holde seg stabilt under utslippsscenarioene SSP1-2.6 og SSP2-4.5, men under SSP5-8.5 vil forsuring føre til sterk reduksjon i utbredelse. Disse resultatene kan gi forvaltningen bedre innsyn i hvordan kystsonen vil påvirkes forskjellig fra de åpne havområdene. En mer helhetlig tilnærming til forvaltning av kystsonen og havområdene vil kunne gi bedre mulighet til å fange opp endringer som skyldes klima og innføre tiltak som kan begrense den negative effekten av klimaendringer. Dette kan inkludere bærekraftig fiskeriforvaltning og opprettelse av marine verneområder. Miljødirektoratet

The birth of the Guinea Pig Club took place in Ward III at the Queen Victoria Hospital in East Grinstead, West Sussex, in 1941. It was created as a drinking club by injured soldiers, as a way to pass the time between operations, but it turned out to fulfil much more than its original and initial purpose. The Club was created by pilots from the Royal Air Force who suffered from burns after clashes between their aircrafts and the Luftwaffe’s aircrafts during the Battle of Britain, and they all underwent reconstructive surgery from the famous plastic surgeon Archibald Hector McIndoe. Since their surgical procedures were considered to be experimental, the soldiers ended up calling themselves McIndoe’s Guinea Pigs, which gave the Club its name. The Guinea Pig Club was kept alive after 1945, despite the intended plan of terminating it after the war, and the Club became an important asset for its members, in terms of financial and social support. The staff at Queen Victoria Hospital saw the Club as an essential element in the Guinea Pigs’ rehabilitation process, and the Guinea Pig Club managed to stay in touch with its members after the Second World War through their club magazine and their annual gatherings. This thesis explores the rehabilitation process of the pilots who fought during the Battle of Britain, and reveals how McIndoe’s treatment regime contributed to the ‘Guinea Pigs’ avoid-ance and repression of traumatic memories during and after the Second World War through the following thesis question: How did the early members of the Guinea Pig Club work to-wards their rehabilitation, and who contributed to their rehabilitation? This will be discussed by looking at the Club itself, at McIndoe’s treatment regime, and by analysing different ap-proaches to rehabilitation. Through different coping mechanisms, the early members of the Guinea Pig Club had to overcome stigmatising stereotypes on their way towards rehabilita-tion. What kind of approaches to rehabilitation can we see here, and how did the pilots man-age to accept themselves after their injuries? There are elements and methods in the ‘Guinea Pigs’ treatment that, in fact, have been given too much credit in terms of how it contributed to their mental rehabilitation. By understanding the pilots’ rehabilitation process, related to the Club’s support and their own effort to become fully rehabilitated, we are able to see how much support from a drinking club and comrades mattered to someone who suffered from severe physical and mental trauma.