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152 results on '"Auguet, M."'

29. Increased influence of endothelium in obese Zucker rat aorta

Author

Sylvie Delaflotte, Braquet P, and Auguet M

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Carbachol, Gallopamil, Contraction (grammar), Endothelium, Pharmaceutical Science, Aorta, Thoracic, Nitric Oxide, Contractility, Phenylephrine, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, medicine, Animals, Thoracic aorta, Obesity, Pharmacology, Aorta, business.industry, Rats, Rats, Zucker, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Endothelium, Vascular, business, Muscle Contraction, medicine.drug
Abstract

The ability of endothelium to alter contractile events in phenylephrine (PE)-triggered contraction has been tested on ring segments of the thoracic aorta removed from obese Zucker rats (plasma cholesterol 3·63 mM; n = 8) and from age matched lean rats (plasma cholesterol 2·38 mM; n = 8). In normal medium, PE (1 μM) elicited similar contractions in endothelium-denuded arteries of both strains. However, the presence of endothelium reduced these contractile events and the endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by carbachol (10 μM) was higher in obese rats. In rings incubated in Ca2+ free medium containing EGTA (1 mM), PE (1 μM) induced a phasic contraction and a sustained contraction following addition of Ca2+ (2·5 mM) to the medium. The phasic contraction was due to intracellular Ca + release, whereas the sustained response was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ influx. In endothelium-free preparations, the size of both the phasic and sustained contraction was similar for the two strains. The Ca2+ antagonist gallopamil (1 μM) reduced the sustained contraction of lean (24%) and obese (34%) rats without affecting the phasic contraction. In preparations possessing endothelium, the sustained, but not the phasic contraction, of both strains was inhibited. This inhibitory effect of endothelium on the sustained contraction was significantly higher in obese than in lean rats. Thus, it can be concluded that phenylephrine elicited quantitatively and qualitatively similar contractions in obese and lean rats. In both strains, the endothelium diminished the contraction induced by PE, however, this effect was more pronounced in obese rats than in lean ones. These results may explain, in part, the described absence of atherosclerotic lesions in the obese strain.

Published
1989

44. 36 Role of constitutive and inducible endothelial nitric oxide synthases in the angiotensin IIinduced contractile response in WistarKyoto rat and spontaneously hypertensive rat isolated aortae

Author

Zerrouk, A., Auguet, M., Chabrier, P. E., and Braquet, P.

Abstract

Dysfunctions of the endothelium-derived relaxing factor L-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway have been demonstrated in genetic and experimental hypertension. NO is produced through the conversion of L-arginine to L-citruline by NO synthases (NOS), which exist in at least two isoforms. Constitutive NOS (NOSc) is located in the endothelium of the vascular wall, and results in basal and stimulated NO production. Inducible NOS (NOSi) produces large amounts of NO, and can be expressed in both smooth muscle and endothelial cells. The aim of the study was to examine and compare the activity of the two isoforms of endothelial NO synthases and their influence on the constrictor response induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) in isolated aortic rings of Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Published
1994

50. Novel azoles as potent and selective cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonists.

Author

Harnett JJ, Dolo C, Viossat I, Auger F, Ferrandis E, Bigg D, Auguet M, Auvin S, and Chabrier PE

Subjects
Animals, CHO Cells, Cannabinoids chemistry, Cannabinoids metabolism, Cricetinae, Cricetulus, Humans, Azoles chemistry, Azoles metabolism, Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists chemistry, Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists metabolism, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 agonists, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 metabolism
Abstract

Novel azole compounds were prepared which demonstrated potent hCB2 binding activities with antioxidant activity for a selected compound. These compounds show good selectivity over the hCB1 receptor and are full agonists at the hCB2 receptor.

Published
2015
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