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This research aimed to investigate how children (aged 8 to 12 years) interpret and understand narratives depicting a foreign culture. The sample comprises narratives written in English by popular contemporary Pakistani writers, ensuring a representation of Pakistani culture. Using a deductive coding technique and a thematic analytical approach, data from 10 individual semistructured interviews were analyzed. Participants' profiles were crafted, taking into account demographic factors that could influence their interpretation, such as cultural, ethnic, religious, or linguistic backgrounds. The interviews were video/audiotaped, transcribed, and subsequently coded to identify relevant themes. Findings reveal that transmodal communication, intertwining visual and verbal modes, facilitates the conveyance of cultural concepts across diverse spaces. Material objects and the decentering of human characters played central roles in enriching children's understanding of the narratives. Moreover, the study highlights how differing cultural contexts influence the participants' interpretations, fostering cross-cultural awareness and empathy. The study underscores the importance of encouraging open dialogue and embracing diversity to cultivate empathetic and culturally sensitive individuals in our increasingly interconnected world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I analyze two previously unknown fictional pieces written by the jazz musician Sidney Bechet, whose 1960 autobiography Treat It Gentle is considered to be one of the most literary books about jazz. Through my analysis of these archival discoveries, which reside among the Charles Delaunay Collection at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, I explore the narrative impulse of Bechet's artistic output and consider what it might mean to call Bechet a writer. He was an improviser who told stories in song, but he was also a musician who imagined his music as part of a broader artistic project—one that I will argue was intrinsically narrative, dramatic, and multimodal. Perhaps more importantly, these new works reveal the extent to which Bechet was committed to blending African American folklore, autobiography, and fiction in ways that put him in conversation with other Black modernist writers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Labor et Educatio is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of IUG Journal of Educational & Psychological Studies is the property of Islamic University of Gaza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Iran Linguistic Atlas (ILA), funded by the Research Institute for Cultural Heritage and Tourism (RICHT), is a research project for mapping the linguistic diversity of Iran. The project is aimed at recording unified and comparable data from every spoken dialect of Iran's rural areas and producing self-organized colored maps of this diversity using a specialized software program. Its initial phase began around the mid-1970s in the form of a joint project by the then Iranian Academy of Language and the National Geography Organization. In 2001, the documented data was handed over to the Cultural Heritage Organization, to be saved and expanded. The Iran Linguistic Atlas has now been redefined as an automatic linguistic atlas with the capability of producing self-organizing colored maps according to the operator's choices. In this article, the ILA, its background and the state of its current phase is introduced. The nature of its data, its earlier and recent field methods, its audiotapes, digital databases and computer databases of phonetic transcriptions are described. In addition, ILA software program is presented and its capability for creating automatic colored maps is discussed thoroughly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To analyze the nonspecific chronic orofacial pain patient's experience of the pain condition and to gain knowledge on the complexity of the problem. Methods: Fourteen patients (11 female, 3 male) aged 21 to 77 years were selected among those referred to a specialist clinic. All selected patients agreed to participate. Data were obtained through thematic in-depth interviews that exposed the context of the orofacial pain condition. The 2 interviews with each patient were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. The text material was analyzed using a qualitative research strategy based on phenomenology. Results: The essence of the chronic orofacial pain was expressed by the patients as something that eludes perception and comprehension. The pain was difficult to grasp and to communicate. The consequence of the pain was experienced by the patients as to be stricken by the pain and was expressed as living a life permeated by hopelessness, resignation, and a lack of faith. Conclusion: The patients in this study experienced their chronic orofacial pain to have no limits and to repressively permeate all aspects of their existence: social, practical, and emotional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the effect of various imagery modalities on golf putting performance. Forty experienced male golfers were randomly assigned to one of four groups. A "written script" group received a personalized, response proposition-laden script. Participants in the audio and video groups either listened to an audiotape or watched an internal-perspective videotape of themselves putting. Control participants spent an equivalent amount of time reading golf literature. Each participant completed a 15-ball putting task twice a week for 6 weeks and also performed his imagery or reading daily during this period. Pretests revealed no significant differences in performance. Posttests, however, showed that the video and audio groups performed significantly better than the written script and control groups. This indicates that the form in which an imagery intervention is delivered can have a significant impact on its performance effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In June, 2001 the CITY2000 Foundation donated 500,000 photographic negatives, over 500 audio- and videotapes, and office archives to the University of Illinois at Chicago. The collection represents an image time capsule of a major American city during the year of the millennium. Every class of individual, event of the year, and neighborhood was explored by 200 professional photographers and brought together in this unique archive. As part of its agreement in accepting the archive, the UIC Library committed to making the collection available at least until the year 3000. This paper discusses the steps UIC is taking to make this possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The medium and genre of the mixtape, a form dependent upon borrowed, repurposed and re-contextualised sonic material, has recently re-emerged as a vital component of contemporary commercial and creative music culture. This article suggests that analysis of the mixtape's history and ethos can provide useful insight into ongoing tensions between cultures of active and passive listening, questions of ownership with regard to recorded sound and between the roles of producer and consumer within contemporary audio culture. It also proposes, via reference to relevant contemporary works, that the mixtape may now be considered a vital hybrid creative form, part composition/part compilation, with which composers, producers and sonic artists may actively engage. It historically and culturally contextualises this form, placing it within a lineage of military, political, creative and commercial conflict, which, among recorded sound technologies, is unique to tape and shows that the mixtape may be seen as an expression or utilisation of these factors. Consistent commercial and industrial efforts to suppress tape's subversive qualities are outlined as are creative methodologies which have been adopted to resist such efforts. Contemporary music industry strategies to channel and commodify the aura and ethos of the mixtape as forerunner of the curated playlists vital to its current business model are detailed and contemporary cassette culture is considered as an alternative inheritor of the mixtape's legacy and as alternative model for future musical creation and distribution. Finally, a set of characteristics which distinguish the mixtape as a creative form are identified and their potential application and implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study reported in this article investigated the processes and the effects of collaborative writing on 64 students' writing skills in two Arabic as a second language (ASL) teachers' classrooms. The authors employed a mixed methods approach that integrated a qualitative case study and a quasi-experimental design. The data collected included classroom observations and audiotapes of verbal interactions. Pre- and post-test scores of students in collaborative (experimental) writing groups and in traditional (control) groups were compared. The findings indicated variations in interaction patterns during collaborative writing activities in both groups. The findings also suggest that there was a statistically significant difference between the scores of the experimental and the control groups which may be attributed to the collaborative writing intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusess secret taping, and secret tapes involving Presidents under Special Counsel investigations in the U..S, using an example of the U.S. President Donald Trump. It informs on secret tapes Involving prior presidents and Special Counsel investigations such as Richard Nixon, and Bill Clinton, thereby maintaining legal ethics.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the variation in teaching behavior of physical educators over an instructional unit. Both inter- and intra-comparisons were made for three experienced teachers. The subjects recorded audiotapes during each of 10 lessons in a volleyball unit. The directly, indirectly, and noncontributing behaviors for each teacher were coded and described by Observation System for Content Development-Physical Education (OSCD-PE). The results indicate that most teaching behaviors were variable over the unit. There was as much variability for each teacher within the unit as between teachers over the unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports a study of the effects on the accuracy of survey data of tape recording an interview. Empirically matched samples were used each with a standard questionnaire, but for one of them a tape recorder was also used. The questions asked concerned newspaper readership, and data were available from another source for validating the replies. For the sample as a whole, there was no loss in accuracy because of tape recording. However, this masks reduced accuracy for the upper social groupings and increased accuracy for the lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Globally, there is a male excess in the occurrence of heavy drinking once alcoholic beverages are consumed and some new evidence that this 'gender gap' might be null among underage drinkers. Here, we estimate age-specific male-female differences in heavy drinking episode (HDE) incidence across the first eight calendar-quarters after first full drink.Methods: Study population is non-institutionalized civilians in the United States (2006-2014). Standardized audio computer-assisted self-interviews were used to assess the date of first full drink and the date of first HDE (i.e., 5+ drinks on one occasion) among ∼33,000 12-to-21-year-old newly incident drinkers (all with 1st full drink and HDE evaluated within 24 months of drinking onset). Time-to-HDE survival analyses are used to estimate age-specific male-female ratios in the hazard of HDE onset.Results: We found that among early adolescent new drinkers (drinking onset at age 11-14), the newly incident drinking females progress to HDE more quickly than males (HR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1, 1.6). In contrast, male excess risk is observed when drinking starts at or after age 15 years. For underage drinkers, age-specific hazard ratios (HR) depend upon age at first full drink.Conclusions: Based on recent survey data from the US, this study's survival analyses support early adolescent female excess in the onset of HDE. When drinking starts at or after age 15 years, a male excess becomes apparent within two years since first full drink. Future studies may probe any sex-specific mechanisms toward the rapid onset of HDE at different age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speech activity detection (SAD) is a fundamental building block for most spoken language technology systems. Developing efficient SAD systems in highly naturalist data scenarios is a challenge. In this study, we investigate the SAD problem on NASAs Apollo space mission data. Apollo data consists of long-term naturalistic audio recordings (i.e., 6–12 day missions). The Apollo data poses various challenges like: 1) noise distortion with variable SNR, 2) channel distortion, 3) very high density of speech, 4) foreground versus background speech, and 5) extended periods of nonspeech activity. In this study, we use threshold optimized combo-SAD as our baseline unsupervised system. This technique was developed to address variable speech/nonspeech density issues in long-term audio data. To mitigate issues related to Apollo audio loops, multispeaker scenarios including foreground versus background conversations within loops, and highly noisy background, a new curriculum learning (CL) based convolutional neural network (CNN) model is developed. This efficient method leverages the long-term learning capability of CNN and CL strategies where data are trained in a manner that improves the efficiency during the learning process. Here, we use signal-to-noise ratio as the learning parameter. Our experiments on free flowing Apollo audio data show that the proposed approach provides a significant improvement in SAD performance ($> 10\%$). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine analytic perceptions of expert and novice tennis coaches. Four expert and four novice tennis coaches volunteered as study participants. Both a video analysis and a recall test provided data for this investigation. In the video analysis protocol, participants were asked to describe what they observed while viewing a 10-minute video of a tennis practice session. In the recall test, a series of 10 tennis related slides were viewed by each of the coaches. After viewing each slide for five seconds, the coaches were asked what they recalled from the slide. The completed written accounts from the video analysis and the recall test audiotapes were transcribed and served as the primary data. The researchers looked for recurring themes and categories using the generic qualitative study technique. Data analysis revealed six themes: (a) the quantity of cues perceived, (b) attention to critical features, (c) analytic depth, (d) recognizing meaningful patterns, (e) anticipating the future, and (f) from description to prescription. These findings, while new to the coaching literature, supported previous research in other fields regarding the importance and domain specificity of experts' superior perceptual capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with ADHD exhibit narrative comprehension difficulties relative to typically developing peers. One unexplored comprehension area for this population is the generation of explanatory predictive inferences. Plausible explanatory predictive inferences allow for smooth integration of new information, and are targeted in many comprehension interventions. The current study examined three questions: (1) Is there a difference between children with ADHD and typically developing children in the creation of explanatory predictive inferences during a predictive prompt task? (2) Does the group difference in the generation of these inferences mediate group differences in recall measures? (3) Does the act of making predictions during story presentation improve recall relative to a control condition? Seven- to 11-year-old children with and without ADHD listened to two audio-taped stories, and made predictions at several pauses during one of the stories (predictive prompt task). The recording of the other story was paused without asking for predictions in the control task. Children recalled the story following the task. During the predictive prompt task, children with ADHD generated fewer plausible explanatory predictive inferences than typically developing peers and this group difference mediated a group difference in the recall of highly important events. Further, children in both diagnostic groups included more plausible explanatory backwards inferences during recall following the predictive prompt task than following the control task. Given the importance of explanatory inferences in constructing coherent story representations, these findings are encouraging for educators using predictive tasks but indicate that children with ADHD may need further instruction on generating appropriate predictive inferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the literature dedicated to twentieth-century music, the early history of electronic music is regularly presented hand in hand with the development of technical repetitive devices such as closed grooves and magnetic tape loops. Consequently, the idea that such devices were 'invented' in the studios of the first great representatives of electronic music tends to appear as an implicit consequence. However, re-examination of the long history of musical technology, from the ninth-century Banu Musa automatic flute to the Hammond organ of the 1930s, reveals that repetitive devices not only go right back to the earliest days of musical automation, but also evolved in a wide variety of contexts wholly unconnected from any form of musical institution. This article aims to shed light on this other, forgotten, history of repetitive audio technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stroke often comes with a spectrum of constraints to lifestyle. This study investigated these constraints using a 24-hour lifestyle assessment among 6 stroke survivors. Objectives: The objective of this study was to provide an understanding of the ways in which stroke survivors are experiencing stroke, along with the opportunities and challenges of everyday life. Materials and Methods: Six stroke survivors were recruited to participate in this qualitative study. The study participants were 3 males and 3 females. Participants were engaged in in-depth interviews to generate information regarding the objective of this study. The interview was recorded on audiotape and transcribed. The generated data were analysed by thematic framework analysis. Results: Findings showed that 5 out of the 6 stroke survivors faced challenges in everyday life, in reconstructing their identity and depended on their family members to take care of them. All the stroke survivors reported some form of functional restrictions, with 4 out of the 6 responents indicating that their movement was restricted to their immediate compound and 5 out of the 6 respondents indicating that they were unable to do most of their house-hold chores; and one respondent said that he 'barely could do anything for self'. Conclusion and Recommendations: Among the 6 respondents, stroke has several manifestations on patients' mobility and indepdence. These have significant bearing on their wellbeing. Studies with larger sample sizes incorporating quantitative methods and longitudinal follow-up are recommended to shed more light on these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]