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415 results on '"Aubin, Joël"'

13. Influence of a new fishpond design on invertebrate community biodiversity and secondary production

Author

Roucaute Marc, Aubin Joël, Nahon Sarah, and Jaeger Christophe

Subjects
integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, fish polyculture, benthos, zooplankton, pond, benthic macroinvertebrates, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, SH1-691
Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of three aquaculture production systems on the biodiversity and productivity of aquatic invertebrates. We compared two conventional fishpond designs (extensive and semi-intensive) with a new design combining a semi-intensive carp polyculture fishpond with a planted lagoon, called coupled semi-intensive design. All fishponds were stocked with the same proportions of common carp, roach, and Eurasian perch. Fish density was double in coupled semi-intensive and semi-intensive ponds compared to extensive ponds for which no formulated feed was provided. Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled in May and September. Zooplankton was sampled monthly from May to November. For benthic macroinvertebrates, community taxonomic richness, biomass, production, and mean individual dry mass were higher in lagoons than in the coupled semi-intensive, semi-intensive and extensive fishponds. Zooplankton production was highest in extensive fishponds and lowest in coupled semi-intensive ponds. Zooplankton production peaked in summer and was lower than benthic macroinvertebrates production in May and September. Asellus aquaticus, whose production was higher in September than May, was the dominant macroinvertebrate in lagoons, but was almost absent from all fishponds. Bosmina longirostris, the most productive plankton taxon, especially in extensive fishponds, reached peak production in July and August. Our study highlighted the functional role of a shallow, fishless, planted lagoon linked to the fishpond for biodiversity and production of benthic macroinvertebrates and zooplankton.

Published
2024
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14. An integrated physico-chemical approach for explaining the differential impact of FLASH versus conventional dose rate irradiation on cancer and normal tissue responses

Author

Spitz, Douglas R, Buettner, Garry R, Petronek, Michael S, St-Aubin, Joël J, Flynn, Ryan T, Waldron, Timothy J, and Limoli, Charles L

Subjects
Medical and Biological Physics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Clinical Protocols, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Electrons, Fiducial Markers, Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Movement, Radiobiology, Radiotherapy Dosage, Time Factors, Free radical chemistry, Organic hydroperoxides, Oxygen, Redox active iron, FLASH radiation, Tumor versus normal tissue responses, Other Physical Sciences, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis, Medical and biological physics
Abstract

For decades the field of radiation oncology has sought to improve the therapeutic ratio through innovations in physics, chemistry, and biology. To date, technological advancements in image guided beam delivery techniques have provided clinicians with their best options for improving this critical tool in cancer care. Medical physics has focused on the preferential targeting of tumors while minimizing the collateral dose to the surrounding normal tissues, yielding only incremental progress. However, recent developments involving ultra-high dose rate irradiation termed FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT), that were initiated nearly 50 years ago, have stimulated a renaissance in the field of radiotherapy, long awaiting a breakthrough modality able to enhance therapeutic responses and limit normal tissue injury. Compared to conventional dose rates used clinically (0.1-0.2 Gy/s), FLASH can implement dose rates of electrons or X-rays in excess of 100 Gy/s. The implications of this ultra-fast delivery of dose are significant and need to be re-evaluated to appreciate the fundamental aspects underlying this seemingly unique radiobiology. The capability of FLASH to significantly spare normal tissue complications in multiple animal models, when compared to conventional rates of dose-delivery, while maintaining persistent growth inhibition of select tumor models has generated considerable excitement, as well as skepticism. Based on fundamental principles of radiation physics, radio-chemistry, and tumor vs. normal cell redox metabolism, this article presents a series of testable, biologically relevant hypotheses, which may help rationalize the differential effects of FLASH irradiation observed between normal tissue and tumors.

Published
2019

18. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of pharmacological ascorbate-induced iron redox state as a biomarker in subjects undergoing radio-chemotherapy

Author

Cushing, Cameron M., Petronek, Michael S., Bodeker, Kellie L., Vollstedt, Sandy, Brown, Heather A., Opat, Emyleigh, Hollenbeck, Nancy J., Shanks, Thomas, Berg, Daniel J., Smith, Brian J., Smith, Mark C., Monga, Varun, Furqan, Muhammad, Howard, Matthew A., Greenlee, Jeremy D., Mapuskar, Kranti A., St-Aubin, Joel, Flynn, Ryan T., Cullen, Joseph J., Buettner, Garry R., Spitz, Douglas R., Buatti, John M., Allen, Bryan G., and Magnotta, Vincent A.

Published
2021
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40. When Economy Meets Ecology, is it Truly Conflicted? A Dashboard Approach to Assess the Sustainability Performance of European Tropical Tuna Purse Seine Fisheries

Author

Ougier, Sandra, Le Loch, Francois, Bach, Pascal, Aubin, Joël, Gascuel, Didier, Ougier, Sandra, Le Loch, Francois, Bach, Pascal, Aubin, Joël, and Gascuel, Didier

Abstract

In the context of the marine ecosystem ecological crisis, assessing the sustainability performance of fisheries has become a priority. Using European tropical tuna purse seine fleets as a case study, we show how a multidisciplinary dashboard approach can be used to determine historical and current sustainability performances of fishing fleets to improve understanding of the links between the multiple dimensions of sustainability and to highlight management policy priorities. Based on a set of 18 indicators and using a principal component analysis method, we evaluated the environmental, economic and social sustainability performances of these fleets. We compared the average fleet performances for 2015–2019 with the other tuna fishing fleets in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. We then analysed the evolution of sustainability performance of European tuna purse seiners from 2009 to 2019.Our results illustrate that the purse seiners currently fishing the Indian Ocean have better ecological performances than those fishing the Atlantic, thanks to healthier tuna stocks. Performance related to impacts on marine ecosystems contrasts between tuna fishing gears. Purse seiners, especially those fishing on free school, were more selective than other gears. From 2009 to 2019, their economic performance increased while their social performance stabilised. The recent development of the use of fish aggregating devices (FADs), to the detriment of free school fishing strategy caused a loss of performance in ecology and social dimensions. Purse seiners fishing on FADs had more juvenile tuna catches, lower species selectivity, a higher carbon footprint and a lower average salary for fishermen. Fishing on FADs implied a higher fuel consumption, which is one of the major expenses for fishing fleets. Our results confirm that it is ecologically and economically justified to incite purse seine fleets to reduce fishing on FADs.

Published
2023
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41. A Multidimensional Dashboard Dataset on the Sustainability Criteria of Tropical Tuna Fishing Fleets in Atlantic and Indian Oceans

Author

Ougier, Sandra, Bach, Pascal, Le Loch, Francois, Aubin, Joël, Gascuel, Didier, Ougier, Sandra, Bach, Pascal, Le Loch, Francois, Aubin, Joël, and Gascuel, Didier

Abstract

This data includes indicators estimated in a multicriteria dashboard study applied to assess sustainability of tropical tuna fisheries in Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The objective of this work was to test a multidimensional approach, accounting for the ecological, economic and social dimensions of fisheries sustainability, with the case study of tropical tuna fishing fleets. This dashboard has been constructed based on a bibliography review then calculated annually for all historical period available. Main sources for raw data were Regional Fisheries Management Organisation’s (RFMO) public data for the majority of ecological indicators and the Data Collection Framework (Regulation (EC) 199/2008) for economic, social indicators and one ecologic indicator (Fuel Use Intensity or FUI). The dashboard gathers 21 indicators (14 ecological, 4 economic and 3 social indicators) for which we presented here their estimated values for our case study. According to raw data availability, the majority of ecological indicators were calculated from 1950 to 2020 for 102 fleets operating in Atlantic and Indian Oceans, while FUI, economic and social indicators were calculated only for the European purse seiners and longliners (French and Spanish) over a shorter period of time (2009-2019) than the one for ecological indicators. Because the raw data from the Data collection framework were aggregated, a disaggregation method based on the allocation of the fishing effort to each ocean, was applied to each fleet segment. This dataset is a tool to monitor the sustainability performance of tuna fisheries and can be re-used to compare performances between fishing gears, time periods and fishing practices by flag.

Published
2023
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43. New strategies for the construction and management of pond production systems for sustainable fish farming

Author

Girard, Léo, Aubin, Joël, Thomas, Marielle, Lecocq, Thomas, Robin, Joël, Tocqueville, Aurélien, Laithier, Jésabel, Pannard, A., Coudreuse, Julie, Roucaute, Marc, Jaeger, Christophe, Wilfart, Aurélie, Latourre, Quentin, Maillot, Marie, Corson, Michael S., Dupont, Cyprien, Agroécologie et Environnement (AGE), Isara, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ITAVI, Université de Rennes (UR), Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and SEPURE

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Fish ponds, Aquaculture, Biodiversity
Abstract

International audience; Freshwater fish ponds are agro-ecosystems that provide important ecosystem services (ES) to territories, notably by hosting a recognized biodiversity. In France, the low profitability of freshwater ponds for fish production runs the risk that they will be abandoned, and thus that the ES they provide will disappear. The FEAMP SEPURE project brings together scientists from different backgrounds (agronomy, ecology, biology, modelling, environmental sciences) to link farmers' practices, economic and environmental performances and pond responses by monitoring water quality, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic macroinvertebrates, aquatic macrophytes and fish communities. Based on the analysis of the contexts and expectations expressed in Dombes, Lorraine and Brenne-Sologne, eleven scenarios with different species assemblages were co-designed with fish farmers. They took into account many parameters, such as the complementarity of species according to their trophic and behavioral traits, water availability, water temperature in summer, the existence of local and national markets, the presence of submerged vegetation, the depth of the ponds, feeding and liming practices, and the use of the ponds for other activities (e.g. hunting). In 10 production sites, farmers applied these scenarios, and practices and ecosystems were monitored. The new data generated by the SEPURE project should help support decision making for the future development of the pond sector and help maintain this economic activity in the territories.

Published
2023

50. Environmental impacts of innovative sustainable agri-food value chains: rights, duties and potentialities of Life Cycle Assessment

Author

Le Féon, Samuel, Pénicaud, Caroline, Bris, Gwenola Yannou-Le, Aubin, Joël, Östergren, Karin, Shanmugam, Kavitha, Paris-Saclay Food and Bioproduct Engineering (SayFood), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, and European Project: 101000723

Subjects
Ecodesign, Food, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Life Cycle Assessment, Innovation
Abstract

International audience; Aim Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is often used to claim sustainability in food innovation projects. Sometimes, its power is overestimated by stakeholders when define their expectations leading to deceptions and possible mistakes. Sometimes, its capacities are underestimated and LCA is not part of the innovation process but only used for a posteriori validation. This is emphasized by the increasing diversity of innovations (e.g. technological/organisational) and the expansion of LCA in response to this diversity (e.g. organisational/territorial LCA). Facing with the diversity of innovations in Fairchain EU project, we aim to analyse what should reasonably be expected from LCA for each of the 5 case studies (CS) of agrifood value chains. Method By crossing initial expectations of CS stakeholders with potentialities of LCA and first results, we expect to answer the following questions: (1) is LCA suitable to help meeting the claimed sustainability objectives, (2) is it suitable to assess the consequences of their realisation and (3) how LCA should be supplemented or adapted to fulfil these objectives. By doing this on various CS, we define recommendations of usage of LCA by food innovators giving them information on what they can expect – or not – from LCA, in what conditions (e.g. supplemented with other methods). Results Based on Fairchain CS, we discuss LCA capacities and requirements to meet the expectations of stakeholders and the role they should play into LCA process. It comes to recommendations such as, for example, (i) defining adequately the goal and scope of the study in order to produce fair comparisons between current situations, generally optimized, and future situations, non-optimized during development of the innovation and (ii) complementing LCA by other methods when insufficient to evaluate all the environmental impacts, and furthermore the sustainability. Conclusion LCA is a powerful method with multiple possibilities when being involved in research and innovation of food projects. However, initial expectations and choices can lead to impaired usages (missing opportunities, asking wrong questions, not giving answers, giving wrong answers, greenwashing). Based on innovation CS, this work aims to well involve LCA and stakeholders during a project.

Published
2023
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