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In this paper, we study the stationary and dynamical properties of three-dimensional trapped Bose–Einstein condensates with attractive interactions subjected to a random potential. To this end, a variational method is applied to solve the underlying Gross–Pitaevskii equation. We derive analytical predictions for the energy, the equilibrium width, and evolution laws of the condensate parameter. The breathing mode oscillations’ frequency of the condensate has been also calculated in terms of the gas and disorder parameters. We analyze in addition the dynamics of collapse from the Gaussian approximation. Surprisingly, we find that the intriguing interplay of the attractive interaction and disorder effects leads to prevent collapse of the condensate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, has developed resistance to almost all insecticides used for its control. The 'push–pull' method has been shown as an effective control strategy to address this resistance challenge of P. xylostella. The key focus of the strategy is the identification of attractive or repellent volatile components. The aim of this study was to identify attractive volatile compounds released from host plants. Identified compounds were applied in the biological control of this pest. RESULTS: Nine active compounds released into the headspace of seven cruciferous plant species were identified using gas chromatography–electroantennographic detection and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Electroantennographic detection‐active compounds included five green leaf volatiles (hexanal, trans‐2‐hexen‐1‐ol, cis‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol, cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate, and 1‐penten‐3‐ol), three isothiocyanates (isopropyl isothiocyanate, allyl isothiocyanate, and butyl isothiocyanate), and nonanal. Except for nonanal, all the identified green leaf volatiles and isothiocyanates elicited strong electrophysiological and behavioral responses in P. xylostella. The strongest attractive compounds, trans‐2‐hexen‐1‐ol and isopropyl isothiocyanate, were further evaluated in oviposition and field‐trapping assays. Results showed that they both lured female moths to lay eggs, and were highly attractive to P. xylostella adults in field, especially when used in combination with yellow and green sticky boards. However, a blend of the two compounds showed no synergistic effect, but rather an antagonistic effect. CONCLUSIONS: Green leaf volatiles and isothiocyanates were identified as key olfactory cues for host selection of P. xylostella. Trans‐2‐ hexen‐1‐ol and isopropyl isothiocyanate were identified as candidate attractive compounds to serve in a 'push–pull' strategy for P. xylostella control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sticky trap is a simple, low-cost method for the field estimation of insect population density. The present study was investigated the attraction of Stomoxys calcitrans using 5 different colors of sticky trap (blue, gray, transparent, white, and yellow). Throughout the sampling period, the sticky traps collected 1,559 S. calcitrans adults, of which 560 (36%) were females and 999 (64%) were males. The mean numbers of S. calcitrans on the 3 dairy cattle farms sampled differed significantly among the different trap colors, with both sexes being preferentially attracted to white or blue sticky traps. However, the white sticky traps were more effective at trapping S. calcitrans than the yellow and transparent sticky traps. Thus, a white-colored fly trap design was recommended for monitoring purposes., (© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Many research articles are published on regenerative medicine every year. However, only a small proportion of these articles provide experimental methods on organ/tissue differentiation. Therefore, we developed a database – ATTRACTIVE (An auTo-updating daTabase foR experimentAl protoCols in regeneraTIVe mEdicine) – that collects journal articles with differentiation methods in regenerative medicine and updates itself automatically on a regular basis. Since the number of articles in regenerative medicine was insufficient and unbalanced, which limited the performance of the supervised learning algorithms, we proposed an algorithm that combines cosine similarity and linear discriminant functions to classify articles based on their titles and abstracts more efficiently. The results show that our proposed methods out-performed other machine learning algorithms such as k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, and long short-term memory methods. The classification accuracy reached 94.62%, even with a small and unbalanced dataset. Lastly, we incorporated our classifier into the database for automatic updates. The database is available at http://attractive.cgm.ntu.edu.tw/.

The objective of this study was to detect combinations of interpersonal attractiveness, social power and verbal aggressiveness during physical education and to point out their determinants. A sample of five students' networks (secondary education) was collected (117 nodes, 64 = boys 53 = girls) using standardized questionnaires. The questionnaires consisted of the network part (relationships of attractiveness, aggressiveness, power developed among students: each student replied about the particular relationship developed with each and every student in their network) and the non-network part (non-network determinants such as age, weight, gender, place of birth, living, family financial status etc.). Social Network Analysis, Spearman test and PCA were implemented. Results: All forms of interpersonal attractiveness are interrelated and correlated to social power. Verbal aggressiveness is negatively related to attractiveness and power. Scientific/task attractiveness may protect from becoming a target of verbal aggressiveness. Good general grade at school and aiming at distinction are the main determinants of emerging attractiveness and power and deterrents of verbal aggressiveness. Females seem scientifically attractive and chosen as mentors more often than males. The types of targets and actors of attractiveness, power, argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness are proposed. The targets are: "the interpersonally attractive mentor" who is physically, socially and task/scientifically attractive, argumentative and protected from verbal aggressiveness and "the physically attractive target" who is only physically attractive and is verbally targeted. The types of actors are: "the socialized troublemaker" who may be verbally aggressive at times but tends to be attracted and mentored by others and "the lonely coercer" who is marginalized, using verbal aggressiveness and tends not to be mentored and attracted by others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The generation and optimization of attractive force between the coil and the workpiece is of significance for expanding the application of electromagnetic forming. In this work, a method using a low-frequency half-wave current is proposed to improve the attractive force, and to achieve a high-performance attractive forming. To verify the effectiveness of this method, an RLC circuit with a thyristor switch is introduced to generate the half-wave current, and the deformation behavior of an AA1060-H24 sheet is analyzed. According to both numerical and experimental investigations, it is demonstrated that the aluminum alloy sheet can be efficiently attracted toward the coil surface with a maximum deformation of more than 6 mm after a single discharge. On this basis, a series of simulations and experiments are carried out to clarify the effects of the discharge energy and current frequency on the attractive forming process. It is found that under the same forming depth, the required discharge energy and coil temperature rise for a smaller capacitance (1280 μF) can be decreased by almost 35% and 50%, respectively, compared to that for a larger capacitance (2880 μF). The obtained results are of certain value to promote the development of electromagnetic attractive forming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the reasons behind the decreasing in numbers of ships flying National flag. This decreasing causes negative impacts on the maritime industry, such as increasing numbers of substandard ships, the lower demand for national seafarers and the declining of national maritime expertise. It can be noted that a vibrant ship registry could significantly affect the country‟s standing in the maritime community and boost the economy as it provides more prospects for foreign and local investments and job opportunities for national citizens. The author conducted number of interviews with a sample of the stockholders in Maritime industry and national shipping companies to find out the hidden reasons behind the declination of national flagged ships. On the other hand, the researcher extracted the main results of interviews and conduct Qualitative analysis for the reasons of choice foreign flag to estimate the most probable recommendations and suggestion to promote the National flag Administration such as the need to update national legislation, developing a ship registration or flagging out strategy and promote flag state implementation for the improvement of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regular physical activity is crucial for a physically and mentally healthy lifestyle. Training methods such as high-intensity interval training (HIIT) have become increasingly popular as they enable substantial training effects in little time. HIIT typically involves recurring short phases of close-to-maximal exercise intensity, interspersed with low-intensity recovery phases. Originally mainly practiced via uniformly repetitive movements, newer variations include varied functional and holistic exercises (fHIIT). While HIIT facilitates many health advantages, fHIIT is considered more beneficial since it activates more muscles, requires more coordination, strength and balance, and mimics more natural movements which transfer well to daily life. However, fHIIT is a very intense training approach; it requires strong focus and intrinsic motivation to frequently push beyond perceived physical and mental limits. This is a common barrier to exploiting the full potential of this efficient training method. Exergames may facilitate this kind of training due to their playful, immersive, motivating nature. Yet so far, few studies have investigated HIIT-exergames – no fHIIT-exergames. This is possibly because few exergames featured both (1) an effective training concept that is comparable to HIIT, and (2) an attractive and motivating game design. We believe that this lack of holistic integration of both aspects is partly why there is currently little evidence for long-term motivation and training effects in exergame-based training. Our work addresses this gap through the design of an adaptive fHIIT protocol for the ExerCube fitness game system, creating a HIIT-level functional exergame. We conducted a within-subjects study to compare objective and subjective training intensity induced by the ExerCube against a conventional fHIIT session with healthy young adults. Furthermore, we evaluated participants' subjective experience with regards to motivation, flow, and enjoyment during both conditions. Our results contribute empirical evidence that exergames can induce HIIT-level intensity. While perceived physical exertion was slightly lower in the ExerCube condition, it yielded significantly better results for flow, enjoyment, and motivation. Moreover, the ExerCube seemed to enable a dual-domain training (higher cognitive load). We discuss these results in the context of exergame design for fHIIT, and provide practical suggestions covering topics such as safety precautions and physical-cognitive load balancing.

It is the fact that the geographical structure of tourism in Georgia is such that neighboring countries occupy the leading positions in the top ten. It is noteworthy that there is a growing trend of tourist flows from Azerbaijan, which can make a significant contribution to the further development of economic relations between Georgia and Azerbaijan. Consequently, quantitative analysis of tourist flows from these countries is urgent and necessary. Since at the modern stage of economic development, tourism is an important source of development and economic growth for Georgia. Research methods. Methods of statistical observation, grouping and analysis were used in the research process. The computer program SPSS was used to process and analyze the results of the study. Conclusion: There is a tendency to increase tourist flows from Azerbaijan to Georgia; Most visitors come to Georgia for leisure; The main places to visit are Tbilisi Batumi, Sighnaghi, Borjomi, Bakuriani, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In academia, choosing a research area is always too important because it determines the future of the researchers. However, in the current scenario, it is not possible for a new researcher to identify the attractive research areas of their interest based on the published papers due to the huge amount of data availability. Therefore, choosing the right research area is of great potential. If the right area for the research is chosen by the researcher, it can help in getting more citations and better research outcome in terms of acceptability of the work. In this paper, our focus was to find attractive research areas for a new scholar. The amount of work done in this research area is very limited therefore, there is very little past work done in this field. In order to identify the attractive research fields for new scientists, we use statistical-based approach to find the new emerging fields and top trends in research as well as comparison of our work with other models used in the same field. The results show that our approach is feasible and we find the attractive research fields effectively from the real-world research paper database in form of DBLP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Memristive neural networks (MNN) have been wildly studied. Nevertheless, fractional -order memristive neural networks (FMNN) still remain a wide-open dilemma. This paper addresses the problem of FMNN systems with multiple delays and grew several related theories through the study. First, the existence of the system equilibrium point is investigated based on contraction mapping principle, and a new sufficient criterion is obtained. Second, the delay-free uniform stability of the system is discussed by employing differential inclusion theory. Third, a novel asymptotic stability criterion is proposed which is less conservative. Finally, one descriptive numerical example and simulation results emphasize the accuracy and reliability of the proposed results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Biomass-derived carbons are widely considered and used in energy storage and conversion fields. In this work, chrysanthemum, a sustainable biomass raw material, is employed as a carbon source to fabricate a hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon. The as-obtained hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon exhibits superior characteristics for Li+/Na+ storage, such as large surface area (800 m2 g−1), hierarchical pore structure (consisting of micro- , meso- , and macropores) and nitrogen doping effect. Benefiting from its unique features, it not only can provide more active sites for the Li+/Na+ storage, but also can promote rapid charge transportation. Hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon, explored as anode for lithium ion batteries, delivers attractive electrochemical performances, which display a reversible capacity of 975 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles. The as-prepared anode also displays a high-rate performance and a capacity of 347 mAh g−1 can be achieved at 5 A g−1. Moreover, the hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon as anode material in sodium half-cell shows high reversible capacity of 205 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 100 cycles. This green and facile fabrication strategy for hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon from renewable biomass may show great potential in the commercial application of lithium and sodium ion batteries. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Biomass was used to fabricate porous N-doped carbon for Li/Na-ion batteries anode. • The carbon possesses hierarchical pore structure and nitrogen doping effect. • The as-synthesized carbon delivers excellent electrochemical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a class of three-species multi-delay Lotka–Volterra ratio-dependent predator–prey model with feedback controls and shelter for the prey is considered. A set of easily verifiable sufficient conditions which guarantees the permanence of the system and the global attractivity of positive solution for the predator–prey system are established by developing some new analysis methods and using the theory of differential inequalities as well as constructing a suitable Lyapunov function. Furthermore, some conditions for the existence, uniqueness and stability of positive periodic solution for the corresponding periodic system are obtained by using the fixed point theory and some new analysis techniques. In addition, some numerical solutions of the equations describing the system are given to show that the obtained criteria are new, general, and easily verifiable. Finally, we still solve numerically the corresponding stochastic predator–prey models with multiplicative noise sources, and obtain some new interesting dynamical behaviors of the system. At the same time, the influence of the delays and shelters on the dynamics behavior of the system is also considered by solving numerically the predator–prey models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of The Planner & Development is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Although the harmony of facial proportions is traditionally perceived as an important element of facial attractiveness, there have been few objective studies that have investigated this esthetic balance using three-dimensional photogrammetric analysis.Objectives: To better understand why some women appear more beautiful, we investigated differences in facial proportions between beauty pageant contestants and ordinary young women of Korean ethnicity using three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetric analyses.Methods: A total of 43 prize-winning beauty pageant contestants (group I) and 48 ordinary young women (group II) of Korean ethnicity were photographed using 3D photography. Numerous soft tissue landmarks were identified, and 3D photogrammetric analyses were performed to evaluate 13 absolute lengths, 5 angles, 3 volumetric proportions, and 12 length proportions between soft tissue landmarks.Results: Group I had a greater absolute length of the middle face, nose height, and eye height and width; a smaller absolute length of the lower face, intercanthal width, and nasal width; a larger nasolabial angle; a greater proportion of the upper and middle facial volume, nasal height, and eye height and width; and a lower proportion of the lower facial volume, lower face height, intercanthal width, nasal width, and mouth width. All these differences were statistically significant.Conclusions: These results indicate that there are significant differences between the faces of beauty pageant contestants and ordinary young women, and help elucidate which factors contribute to facial beauty. The group I mean values could be used as reference values for attractive facial profiles.Level of Evidence V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the influence of gingival exposure on smile attractiveness. Methods: Photograph of one male and female volunteer with gummy smile, ideal occlusion and no dental anomalies were taken and manipulated on the computer with different gingival exposure levels ranging from +4mm to -4mm. The photographs were then printed and numbered 1-10 [Male=1-5 and Female=6-10] with the relevant gingival exposure 1= +4 mm, 2= +2 mm, 3= 0 mm, 4= -2 mm, 5= -4 mm, 6= +4 mm, 7= +2 mm, 8= 0 mm, 9= -2 mm and 10= -4 mm. Assessment was independently done on each picture using 5point attractiveness scale scored as very attractive, attractive, neither attractive nor unattractive, unattractive, very unattractive. Results: The highest mean attractiveness was reported on +4mm and +2mm gingival exposure for the male picture while +2mm and +4mm gingival exposure for the female picture. The mean attractiveness for picture 1 was significantly higher in younger than older participants (4.95±0.02 versus 4.81±0.02). The mean attractiveness for picture 4 was significantly higher in dental professionals than laypersons (3.96±0.08 versus 3.09±0.06). The mean attractiveness for picture 5 was significantly higher in younger than older participants (2.04±0.06 versus 1.53±0.04) and also in laypersons than dental professionals (1.79±0.04 versus 1.34±0.05). The mean attractiveness for picture 6 was significantly higher in younger than older participants (3.18±0.09 versus 2.83±0.07), males than females (3.10±0.08 versus 2.84±0.08) and also in lay persons than dental professionals (3.16±0.06 versus 2.01±0.10). The mean attractiveness for picture 7 was significantly lower in younger than older participants (2.90±0.07 versus 3.09±0.05). The mean attractiveness for picture8 was significantly higher in younger than older participants (2.03±0.05 versus 1.85±0.04) and also in laypersons than dental professionals (1.68±0.06 versus 1.96±0.03). The mean attractiveness for picture 9 was significantly lower in younger than older participants (1.39±0.05 versus 1.54±0.03). The mean attractiveness for picture 10 was significantly higher in dental professionals than laypersons (1.36±0.06 versus 1.23±0.02). Conclusion: Smile attractiveness influenced by the gingival exposure had major variations between younger and older participants, moderate variation between dental professionals and laypersons have similar opinions regarding the gingival exposure between gender.

We study the existence and multiplicity of positive periodic wave solutions for one-dimensional non-Newtonian filtration equations with singular nonlinear sources. We discuss both the attractive singular case and the repulsive singular case. The proof is based on an extension of the continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known that there is a strong correlation between orthodontics and social psychology. The effect of the orthodontic treatment on facial esthetics has an important impact on attractiveness and personality of the patient. This correlation should be taken into consideration in all the phases of the orthodontic treatment: patient exam and problem list, treatment planning and type of orthodontic appliance, assessment of the orthodontic treatment. The evaluation of the orthodontic treatment results is different for the doctor and the patient and has led to a change of the paradigm, that of the soft tissues, which puts aesthetic and functional positions equally for the establishment of the treatment plan and for its evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide new evidence that the subjective 'look of competence' rather than beauty is important for CEO selection and compensation. Our experiments, studying the facial traits of CEOs using nearly 2,000 subjects, link facial characteristics to both CEO compensation and performance. In one experiment, we use pairs of photographs and find that subjects rate CEO faces as appearing more 'competent' than non-CEO faces. Another experiment matches CEOs from large firms against CEOs from smaller firms and finds large-firm CEOs look more competent. In a third experiment, subjects numerically score the facial traits of CEOs. We find competent looks are priced into CEO compensation, more so than attractiveness. Our evidence suggests this premium has a behavioral origin. First, we find no evidence that the premium is associated with superior performance. Second, we separately analyze inside and outside CEO hires and find that the competence compensation premium is driven by outside hires-the situation where first impressions are likely to be more important. This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an immense opportunity for a teacher to use multimedia technologies in History classes. Nowadays it is a must to teach lessons in a more digital way, using audio-visual and multimedia aids. This makes lessons more attractive and facilitates students' learning. This article deals with sharing some author's personal experience, ideas and impressions on the most innovative teaching methods in History classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMEN El turismo es un subsector de alto crecimiento por los beneficios económicos y sociales que genera, no sólo en los países más adelantados, como los de la Unión Europea y América del Norte, sino en Colombia, por presentar ventajas comparativas derivadas de su posición geográfica y de sus recursos naturales. Un ejemplo específico de ello es el caso de los municipios de Sopó y de La Calera, en el Departamento de Cundinamarca, los cuales por su proximidad con la ciudad de Bogotá, por sus atractivos naturales y por el apoyo de las alcaldías y de la Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A, han logrado un proceso para el conocimiento del mercado turístico, dentro del cual se ha podido plantear el diseño de un corredor turístico. Para su diseño, se requirió identificar los elementos, componentes y variables de los servicios turísticos existentes y, posteriormente, establecer un sistema de relaciones utilizando matrices de doble entrada, donde se indicaron los valores agregados de los diferentes tipos de turismo. Al tamizarlos, seleccionarlos y determinarlos con los servicios comunes, se logró definir el corredor, con los atractivos turísticos principales y complementarios. La definición de un corredor turístico, en estas condiciones, ayuda a potencializar el flujo de visitantes con procesos que se van consolidando a través del desarrollo de productos turísticos.SUMMARY Tourism is a high-growth sector due to its economic and social benefits, not only in the most advanced countries like those of the European Union and North America, but also in Colombia, where advantages are added because of its geographical position and natural resources. A specific example is the case of the municipalities of Sopó and La Calera, in the Department of Cundinamarca, which, due to their proximity to Bogotá, their natural attractions, the support of Mayors and the University of Applied Sciences and Environmental U.D.C.A, have developed a knowledge of the tourism market, that made it possible to conform the design of a tourist corridor. For the design of this corridor, the identification of elements and components of tourism services was required and, a system of double entry matrices was established, which indicated the added values of the different tourism opportunities. Afterwards, when confronting them with services, the goal was accomplished by defining the corridor with the most tourist attractions and complementary services. The meaning of a tourism corridor under these conditions helps to enhance the flow of visitors with processes that are consolidating through the development of products for tourism.

The Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus of S. frugiperda (J. E. Smith)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (NPV - Sf) and the parasitoid Campoletis flavicincta (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) compete for the same resource, that is, firsts instars of S. frugiperda. Biological aspects and the capacity of the parasitoid to differentiate between healthy hosts larvae and infected by NPV - Sf were studied under laboratory conditions. More than one egg of parasitoid was found inside of the majority of S. frugiperda larvae. Incubation period was approximately 48 hours. Only one developed larvae could be observed 24 hours after the parasitoid hatching. Probably, due to intra specific competition by physical attack among first stadium larvae (presence of jaws, that does not exist at the subsequent stadiums), only one survived. In the treatment without choice option, more eggs had been deposited in healthy larvae. In the olfactometer test, the presence of S. frugiperda larvae (infected or not) determined the greater attraction of females. The female parasitoid discrimination between healthy and infected host larvae can minimize the negative impact of the virus on the parasitoid. The data related to the interactions of those two organisms that maintain close relationships to each other, should direct the decisions that guarantee a larger biodiversity in the agro ecosystem of the corn crop.

Animals make decisions on behavioral choice by evaluating internal and external signals. Individuals often make decisions in different ways, but the underlying neural mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we describe a system for observing the behavior of individualDrosophila melanogasterlarvae simultaneously presented with contradictory signals, in this case attractive (yeast paste) and aversive (NaCl) signals. Olfaction was used to detect the yeast paste, whereas the ENaC/Pickpocket channel was important for NaCl detection. We found that wild-type (Canton-S) larvae fall into two decision making groups: one group decided to approach the yeast paste by overcoming the aversive signal, whereas the other group decided to forgo the yeast paste because of the aversive signal. Our findings indicate that different endogenous sensitivities to NaCl contribute to make differences between two groups and that diverse decision making steps occur in individual animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated hybrids of DNA and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in aqueous solution and in air using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Although intensive AFM observations of these hybrids were previously carried out for samples in air, this is the first report on AFM observations of these hybrids in solution. As expected, diameters of DNA-SWNT hybrids dramatically increased in tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (TE) buffer solution. The data suggest that DNA molecules maintain their structures even on the SWNT surfaces. Furthermore, we simultaneously observed single DNA-SWNT hybrids using three different AFM modes in air and in the TE buffer solution. Height value of the hybrids was largest in the solution, and lowest for the mode that repulsive force is expected in air. For the bare SWNT molecules, height differences among the three AFM modes were much lower than those of the DNA-SWNT hybrids. DNA molecules adsorbed on SWNT surfaces flexibly changed their morphology as well as DNA molecules on flat surfaces such as mica. This is hopeful results for biological applications of DNA-SWNT hybrids. In addition, our results revealed the importance of the single-molecule approach to evaluate DNA structures on SWNT surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In plants, the oxidative cleavage of carotenoid substrates produces volatile apocarotenoids, including α-ionone, β-ionone, and dihydro-β-ionone, compounds that are important in herbivore-plant communication. For example, β-ionone is part of an induced defense in canola, Brassica napus, and is released following wounding by herbivores. The objectives of the research were to evaluate whether these volatile compounds would: 1) be released in higher quantities from plants through the over-expression of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase1 ( CCD1) gene and 2) cause herbivores to be repelled or attracted to over-expressing plants relative to the wild-type. In vivo dynamic headspace collection of volatiles coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the headspace of the Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia-0 (L.) over-expressing the AtCCD1 gene. The analytical method allowed the detection of β-ionone in the Arabidopsis headspace where emission rates ranged between 2 and 5-fold higher compared to the wild type, thus corroborating the in vivo enhancement of gene expression. A two chamber choice test between wild type and AtCCD1 plants revealed that crucifer flea beetle Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) adults were repelled by the AtCCD1 plants with the highest transcription and β-ionone levels. α-Ionone and dihydro-β-ionone were not found in the headspace analysis, but solutions of the three compounds were tested in the concentration range of β-ionone found in the Arabidopsis headspace (0.05 to 0.5 ng/μl) in order to assess their biological activity with crucifer flea beetle, two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch), and silverleaf whiteflies Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Choice bioassays demonstrated that β-ionone has a strong repellent effect toward both the flea beetle and the spider mite, and significant oviposition deterrence to whiteflies. In contrast, dihydro-β-ionone had attractant properties, especially to the crucifer flea beetle, while α-ionone did not show any significant activity. These findings demonstrate how regulating genes of the carotenoid pathway can increase herbivore deterrent volatiles, a novel tool for insect pest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding host plant volatile - aphid interactions can facilitate the selection of crop border plants as a strategy to reduce plant virus incidence in crops. Crop border plant species with attractive odours could be used to attract aphids into the border crop and away from the main crop. As different cultivars of the same crop can vary in their olfactory attractiveness to aphids, selecting an attractive cultivar as a border crop is important to increase aphid landing rates. This study evaluated olfactory responses of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) ( Hemiptera: Aphididae), to three cultivars each of maize [ Zea mays L. ( Poaceae)], potato [ Solanum tuberosum L. ( Solanaceae)], and wheat [ Triticum aestivum L. ( Poaceae)] with the aim of selecting an attractive crop border plant to reduce the incidence of the non-persistent Potato virus Y [ PVY ( Potyviridae)] in seed potatoes. Volatiles emitted by the crop cultivars were collected and identified using coupled gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Quantitative and qualitative differences were found among cultivars. Behavioural responses of alate R. padi to odours of the cultivars and synthetic compounds identified from the plants were determined with a four-arm olfactometer. Rhopalosiphum padi was attracted to odours emitted from maize cultivar 6Q-121, but did not respond to odours from the remaining eight crop cultivars. Volatile compounds from maize and wheat cultivars that elicited a behavioural response from R. padi and contributed to differences in plant volatile profiles included ( Z)-3-hexenyl acetate (attractant) and α-farnesene, ( E)-2-hexenal, indole, and (3 E,7 E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene ( TMTT) (repellents). We conclude that maize cv. 6Q-121 is potentially suitable as a crop border plant based on the behavioural response of R. padi to the olfactory cues emitted by this cultivar. The findings provide insight into selecting crop cultivars capable of attracting R. padi to crop border plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advance of globalization in all the spheres of social life, advertisements have become a means of commercial communication. This fact makes linguists take a close look at the aspects of the linguistic forms, most often used in advertisements. Often advertisements contain structures that violate the grammatical rules of the language. However, mainly these deviations from the norm make them attractive and interesting for the target users. Being a special form of communication, advertisement have to comply with certain rules, specific to communication. They are based on strategies of seduction and discount marketing and social psychology resources. Wordplay is a linguistic means often used in advertisements. The French language makes use of wordplay, which is an effective way to seduce and attract the attention of the addressee. It fully complies with the norms of commercial communication, since it aims at making the addressee read the message of the commercial. Attractiveness is achieved by such linguistic means as: repetition, rhyme, borrowings, homonyms, antonyms, polysemantic words, intertextuality, violation of chronological order etc. In most cases, both at the phonemic and semantic level we witness a transgression of the natural logic, which draws the reader's attention. Thus, making use of various figurative devices, the advertisement has become a real literary work,. Which is no longer aimed at the pragmatic customer, but rather at the receiver who adheres to the new culture of advertisements and involves in the advertisement discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of TURyDES is the property of TURYDES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Spanish Journal of Rural Development is the property of Spanish Journal of Rural Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Plant Protection & Pathology is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the role of attractive and repulsive forces on isobaric heat capacity and sound velocity in dense fluids and liquids has been investigated using a molecular dynamics simulation technique. Lennard-Jones potential is divided into attractive and repulsive parts. From the molecular dynamics calculations, enthalpies and isobaric heat capacities have been obtained for Argon at temperatures of 120–800 K and constant pressures of 100–800 MPa. The sound velocities have been calculated at 250 and 400 K. The repulsive forces play the main role in causing the isobaric heat capacities at high temperatures and pressures. With decreasing temperature at constant pressure, the role of attractive forces considerably increases. The sound velocities resulting from attractive intermolecular interactions are negative which is physically unrealistic. This indicates the essential role of repulsive forces in the determination of sound velocities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic behavior of Lohe oscillators on the unit sphere is examined under attractive and repulsive couplings. We introduce an order parameter measuring the degree of synchronization, which is defined by the modulus of a centroid of positions, and study the dynamics of this parameter. It is found that this order parameter completely characterizes equilibria up to constant motion for identical oscillators. Considering these identical oscillators, we show that the order parameter evolves from nonzero values toward the unit value or zero exponentially fast, depending on the nature of the couplings. This improves and generalizes our earlier work [D. Chi, S.-H. Choi, and S.-Y. Ha, J. Math. Phys., 55 (2014), 052703] on the complete synchronization for Lohe oscillators under attractive couplings. For identical oscillators with repulsive couplings, we prove that the state to the Lohe system converges to the ground state with zero order parameter. For nonidentical oscillators under the attractive force, we show that the ensemble exhibits a practical synchronization as the coupling strength goes to infinity, enabling us to push the configuration asymptotically close to the completely synchronized state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]