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5. Marine-Derived Compounds Targeting Topoisomerase II in Cancer Cells A Review

Author

Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, VII Programa de Iniciativa Interna para la Investigación y la Transferencia de la Universidad de Sevilla, Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresa y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía, Greco, Giulia, Pellicioni, Valentina, Cruz Chamorro, Iván, Attisani, Giuseppe, Stefanelli, Claudio, Fimognari, Carmela, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, VII Programa de Iniciativa Interna para la Investigación y la Transferencia de la Universidad de Sevilla, Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresa y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía, Greco, Giulia, Pellicioni, Valentina, Cruz Chamorro, Iván, Attisani, Giuseppe, Stefanelli, Claudio, and Fimognari, Carmela

Abstract

Cancer affects more than 19 million people and is the second leading cause of death in the world. One of the principal strategies used in cancer therapy is the inhibition of topoisomerase II, involved in the survival of cells. Side effects and adverse reactions limit the use of topoisomerase II inhibitors; hence, research is focused on discovering novel compounds that can inhibit topoisomerase II and have a safer toxicological profile. Marine organisms are a source of secondary metabolites with different pharmacological properties including anticancer activity. The objective of this review is to present and discuss the pharmacological potential of marine-derived compounds whose antitumor activity is mediated by topoisomerase II inhibition. Several compounds derived from sponges, fungi, bacteria, ascidians, and other marine sources have been demonstrated to inhibit topoisomerase II. However, some studies only report docking interactions, whereas others do not fully explain the mechanisms of topoisomerase II inhibition. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed, as well as a careful toxicological profile evaluation with a focus on cancer cell selectivity.

Published
2022

6. Marine-Derived Compounds Targeting Topoisomerase II in Cancer Cells: A Review

Author

Universidad de Sevilla, Junta de Andalucía, Greco, Giulia, Pellicioni, Valentina, Cruz-Chamorro, Iván, Attisani, Giuseppe, Stefanelli, Claudio, Fimognari, Carmela, Universidad de Sevilla, Junta de Andalucía, Greco, Giulia, Pellicioni, Valentina, Cruz-Chamorro, Iván, Attisani, Giuseppe, Stefanelli, Claudio, and Fimognari, Carmela

Abstract

Cancer affects more than 19 million people and is the second leading cause of death in the world. One of the principal strategies used in cancer therapy is the inhibition of topoisomerase II, involved in the survival of cells. Side effects and adverse reactions limit the use of topoisomerase II inhibitors; hence, research is focused on discovering novel compounds that can inhibit topoisomerase II and have a safer toxicological profile. Marine organisms are a source of secondary metabolites with different pharmacological properties including anticancer activity. The objective of this review is to present and discuss the pharmacological potential of marine-derived compounds whose antitumor activity is mediated by topoisomerase II inhibition. Several compounds derived from sponges, fungi, bacteria, ascidians, and other marine sources have been demonstrated to inhibit topoisomerase II. However, some studies only report docking interactions, whereas others do not fully explain the mechanisms of topoisomerase II inhibition. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed, as well as a careful toxicological profile evaluation with a focus on cancer cell selectivity.

Published
2022

7. The Anti- and Pro-Tumorigenic Role of Microbiota and Its Role in Anticancer Therapeutic Strategies.

Author

Greco, Giulia, Zeppa, Sabrina Donati, Agostini, Deborah, Attisani, Giuseppe, Stefanelli, Claudio, Ferrini, Fabio, Sestili, Piero, and Fimognari, Carmela

Subjects
TUMOR prevention, PATHOGENESIS, GUT microbiome, MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNE system, HEALING, NEOPLASTIC cell transformation, MUTAGENICITY testing, PROBIOTICS, TUMOR markers, TUMORS, INTESTINES
Abstract

Simple Summary: Human gut is colonized by a wide variety of microorganisms, which collectively form the so-called microbiota. A healthy microbiota interacts with our organism as a symbiont positively participating in the regulation of many physiological activities of the host, detoxification of xenobiotics, and prevention of the development of specific pathologies. However, various conditions may change the status of microbiota from "healthy" to "unhealthy"; an unhealthy status may negatively impact the host health contributing to the onset of maladies. Cancer is among those that microbiota can prevent or promote according to its conditions. The knowledge of the situations and of the mechanisms underlying this bifaceted role of microbiota is of great importance in cancer prevention, epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Here we will illustrate and discuss how and when microbiota interferes with development and progression of human cancer, with a particular emphasis on colorectal cancer. Human gut microbiota physiologically and actively participates as a symbiont to a wide number of fundamental biological processes, such as absorption and metabolism of nutrients, regulation of immune response and inflammation; gut microbiota plays also an antitumor role. However, dysbiosis, resulting from a number of different situations—dysmicrobism, infections, drug intake, age, diet—as well as from their multiple combinations, may lead to tumorigenesis and is associated with approximately 20% of all cancers. In a diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic, and epidemiological perspective, it is clear that the bifaceted role of microbiota needs to be thoroughly studied and better understood. Here, we discuss the anti- and pro-tumorigenic potential of gut and other microbiota districts along with the causes that may change commensal bacteria from friend to foes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. Hydroxychloroquine and QTc: beyond COVID-19

Author

Castagna, Alberto, primary, Vetta, Francesco, additional, Attisani, Giuseppe, additional, Costa, Raffaele, additional, Ruberto, Carmen, additional, Vespertini, Viviana, additional, Cosco, Lucio, additional, and Ruotolo, Giovanni, additional

Published
2020
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12. Relation of abnormal ECG patterns with sports classification proposed by Italian Organizing Cardiological Committee on Sports Eligibility (COCIS)

Author

Castagna, Alberto, Babini, Andrea, Bernardi, Guarino, Di Gregorio, Tiziana, Laghi, Donatella, Ruberto, Carmen, Valeriani, Andrea, Sella, Gianluigi, and Attisani, Giuseppe

Subjects
ddc: 610, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Objective: The value of 12-lead ECG in the pre-participation screening of process of athletes is supported by studies showing that ECG is more sensitive than history and physical examination alone in identifying athletes with underlying cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular remodeling in the athletes[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 7th EFSMA – European Congress of Sports Medicine, 3rd Central European Congress of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Published
2011

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