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School resource officers and other school security professionals (SSPs) (e.g., security specialists, guardians, campus monitors) have become increasingly common in schools; however, most states do not require that these professionals receive training related to understanding trauma and how it may affect students' behavior and how to promote social-emotional learning competencies among students. The current project evaluated an online professional development program for SSPs that provides education on two topics related to best practices in working with youth in K-12 school settings: trauma-informed care (TIC) and social-emotional learning. This study used a posttest-only design of 96 SSPs from a county in the southeastern United States. Participants self-selected into two trainings: Cohort 1 (immediate intervention, May 2019) or Cohort 2 (delayed intervention-control group, August 2019). A linear regression model indicated that Cohort 1 (immediate intervention) scored significantly higher on TIC knowledge (b = 0.36, p < 0.01) and competencies (b = 0.31, p < 0.01) than Cohort 2 (delayed intervention-control group). More studies are needed to assess how training for SSPs directly impacts school climate and school safety.

The digital acquisition, fabrication process, and delivery of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) implant-supported restorations on angled adjacent implants are described. The proximal surface of a scan post was modified for correct adaptation, permitting an accurate digital scan of adjacent implants in 1 step. Definitive screw-retained splinted implant-supported restorations were designed and milled in a zirconia material and delivered with a combined extraoral and intraoral cementation protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of a project aimed at studying and assessing the impact that self- evaluation may have produced in Chile since the beginnings of the 1990s, both in the academic management practices and the academic culture, this paper examines the mission component of self-evaluation processes. The paper rests on the basic assumption that a highly heterogeneous and diversified system like the one prevailing in Chile promotes quite different visions and perceptions of the institutional mission. The analytical focus of the paper is the perception of institutional missions by academic communities, a perception that is directly related to and influenced by the nature of the university which is involved. In order to organise the analysis a typology is worked out combining a time dimension (past history of older institutions vs. projection into the future in the new, emerging universities) and a systemic dimension (prevalence of academic ethos in inner-oriented institutions vs. societal commitments in outward-oriented institutions). The analysis shows that certain kinds of visions and perceptions produce missions that are impossible. This is the case when the mission is unilaterally construed in one of the polar types of the typology. The strategic implication is that institutional missions, to be realistic, must take into account, in a balanced manner, the entire spectrum of mission perceptions covered by the typology.

Corrosion is a process of changing the properties of a material due to influence or reaction with the surrounding environment which tends to reduce the quality of material properties. One way to control corrosion is by adding organic, environmentally friendly inhibitors. In this study, curry leaf extract was used as an organic inhibitor, and the test material used was austenitic stainless steel American Standard Testing Materials (ASTM) A36. For the corrosive medium, H2SO4 2 M with concentration variations of 1000 mg/L, 1500 mg/L, 2000 mg/L, 2500 mg/L, and 3000 mg/L. The types of tests carried out in this study were weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The test results showed a decreasing in the corrosion rate of ASTM A36 steel when inhibitors were added. In the weight loss test, the value of the corrosion rate without an inhibitor was 128.083 mmpy while with an inhibitor it was 25.542 mmpy and the inhibition efficiency was 80.058 %. In the Potentiodynamic Polarization test, the resulting efficiency was 76.759 %. Other supporting tests (SEM) show the addition of inhibitors produces a thin protective layer on the surface of ASTM A36 steel. The results showed that curry leaf extract is a good corrosion inhibitor.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the bond strength of 3D-printed ceramicfilled resin in relation to surface treatment. Materials and Methods: 3Dprinted ceramic-filled hybrid resin block specimens were divided into two groups, G1 and G2, depending on whether air-abrasion was used or not, and bonded to using a self-adhesive luting resin according to the manufacturer's instructions and thermal-cycled for 5,000 cycles at 5°C to 55°C. After thermal-cycling, the specimens were subjected to the shear bond strength (SBS) test until fracture occurred. Data were analyzed using student t-test for independent samples (SBS) and chi-square test to analyze failure type (P < .05). Results: In the SBS test, no statistically significant differences were observed (P = .062) with regard to a higher adhesion strength in G1 (air-abraded surface) compared to G2 (non-air-abraded surface). Chi-square test showed statistically significant differences (P < .001) related to failure type. Conclusions: The shear bond strength of the ceramic-filled hybrid material seems to be adequate for clinical applications, while abrasion by airborne particles with 50 µm of aluminum oxide improves the bond strength. Clinical Significance: Self-adhesive luting used to bond 3D-printed resins improves the efficiency and accuracy of these materials. These cements reduce the need for preconditioning, which simplifies cementation and reduces clinical time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ius et Praxis (07172877) is the property of Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The light source stability of digital cameras and smartphones is important in shade matching in restorative and prosthetic dentistry to communicate objectively with the dental laboratory. Techniques that standardize the light source of such devices are lacking, and this limitation can lead to color mismatches, difficulties in color communication, and treatment documentation. The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the magnitude of color difference (ΔE) among 3 shade selection methods during the fabrication of ceramic crowns: visual shade selection with a shade guide, digital shade selection with a digital camera and cross-polarizing filter, and digital shade selection with a smartphone and a light-correcting device. Forty-five patients in need of ceramic crowns were enrolled, and shade selection was evaluated according to different protocols: visual shade selection (A-D shade guide and IPS Natural Die Material Shade Guide, sent to the dental laboratory technician via a laboratory prescription); digital shade selection with a digital camera (D7000; Nikon Corp) with an 85-mm lens and wireless close-up flash, with and without a cross-polarizing filter (Polar eyes); and digital shade selection with a smartphone and a light-correcting device (iPhone XS attached to Smile Lite MDP, with and without its cross-polarizing filter accessory). Information from the smartphone was imported to an app (IPS e.max Shade Navigation App; Ivoclar AG) that converted the reading to a shade and level of translucency for the ceramic restoration. For all photographs, a gray reference card with known color values was positioned by the mandibular teeth and was used for white balancing of the digital photographs with a software program. All photographs were edited and sent to the dental laboratory: white-balanced with the shade guide; white-balanced with the substrate shade guide; black and white; saturated; and cross-polarized. Ceramic crowns were made with the same lithium disilicate material (IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar AG) and cemented with the same resin cement (RelyX Ultimate Clicker, A3 shade; 3M). The ΔE values between the crown and the adjacent tooth were determined. The data were analyzed by using a 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc tests (α=.05). The mean ΔE between a cemented ceramic crown and the adjacent tooth in the visual shade selection group was 5.32, significantly different than both digital camera (ΔE=2.75; P =.002) and smartphone (ΔE=2.34; P =.001), which were not different from each other (P =.857). The digital shade selection with photographs acquired with both a digital camera and a smartphone with a light-correcting device showed a threshold within the acceptable values (ΔE<3.7), whereas the visual shade selection showed an average ΔE above the threshold for acceptable values (ΔE>3.7). The use of a gray reference card helped standardize the white balance from the digital images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the implementation of digital technologies in dentistry continues to grow, such technologies are becoming increasingly accessible to dental professionals worldwide. Their utilization in the treatment of edentulous patients is also progressing rapidly. Proper understanding of the indication and application of digital technologies with straightforward clinical-laboratory protocols is vital for their successful implementation. This article describes new workflows in digital dentistry for the edentulous patient, from complete dentures, immediate dentures, and overdentures, to fixed full-arch restorations with the use of intraoral scanners and photogrammetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimal composite resin bonds to polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials are essential for clinical success. However, comparative bond strength studies on the influence of different etching and cleaning methods on these materials are lacking. The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure and compare the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a composite resin cement with that of a PICN material after different surface treatment and cleaning methods. Seventy specimens of a CAD-CAM PICN were divided into 7 groups (n=10): no treatment (control), hydrofluoric acid etching for 20 seconds (HF20), 60 seconds (HF60), 120 seconds (HF120), HF20 + phosphoric acid for 60 seconds and ultrasonic bath for 5 minutes, HF60 + PH, and HF120 + PH. After surface treatment, a silane coupling agent and composite resin cement were applied. Microshear bond strength was determined, and data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc multiple comparison tests (α=.05). All HF acid treatments resulted in a significant increase in bond strength to the polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material (P =.02). Bond strength values for HF etching for 20 seconds were significantly lower than those for 60 seconds and 120 seconds (P =.034). No difference was found between 60 seconds and 120 seconds of HF etching time (P =.986). Additional surface treatment with phosphoric acid 60 seconds and ultrasonic bath 5 minutes did not improve the bond strength beyond values obtained by hydrofluoric acid treatment only (P =.834). Most failures were cohesive. Acid etching and surface treatment have significant effects on composite resin bond strength to a PICN CAD-CAM material. HF etching for 60 seconds or 120 seconds provides the highest bond strengths. Cleaning methods after etching did not have any significant effect on bond strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To explore the diagnostic usefulness of extracellular vesicles (EVs), and their subpopulations (micro-vesicles and exosomes), and microRNAs (miRNA-21-3p, miRNA-150-5p, and miRNA-26a-5p) in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) of subjects with healthy, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis implants.Methods: A total of 54 patients were enrolled into healthy, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis groups. PICF samples were collected, EVs subpopulations (MVs and Exo) were isolated and characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of miRNA-21-3p, miRNA-150-5p and miRNA-26a-5p was quantified by qRT-PCR. Logistic regression models and accuracy performance tests were estimated.Results: PICF samples show the presence of EVs delimited by a bi-layered membrane, in accordance with the morphology and size (< 200 nm). The concentration of PICF-EVs, micro-vesicles and exosomes was significantly increased in peri-implantitis implants compared to healthy implants (P = 0.023, P = 0.002, P = 0.036, respectively). miRNA-21-3p and miRNA-150-5p expression were significantly downregulated in patients with peri-implantitis in comparison with peri-implant mucositis sites (P = 0.011, P = 0.020, respectively). The reduced expression of miRNA-21-3p and miRNA-150-5p was associated with peri-implantitis diagnosis (OR:0.23, CI 0.08-0.66, P = 0.007 and OR:0.07, CI 0.01-0.78, P = 0.031, respectively). The model which included the miRNA-21-3p and miRNA-150-5p expression had a sensitivity of 93.3%, a specificity of 76.5%, a positive predictive value of 77.8%, and a negative predictive value of 92.9%. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 3.97 and 0.09, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for the model was 0.84.Conclusions: An increase concentration of EVs with a downregulation expression of miRNA-21-3p and miRNA-150-5p could be related with the peri-implantitis development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the increasing demand for environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors. Sustainable organic inhibitor innovations can be an alternative in the industrial world that still uses hazardous chemical inhibitors. Carbon Steel is a material that is often used in the oil and gas industry. This type of steel is resistant to significant corrosion, so an effective solution is needed to minimise material degradation. This study investigates the potential of sunflower (Helianthus annus) seed shell extract, SSSE. as a sustainable, environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for steel in concentrated hydrochloric acid (1 M HCl), where these conditions are representative of an industrially hazardous environment. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarisation (PDP) methods were used in this study. With these two approaches, SSSE showed a high inhibition efficiency of 99.56 % at a concentration of 400 ppm, effectively reducing both anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the formed protective layer on the steel surface, significantly reducing corrosion. These findings highlight SSSE as a feasible and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional inhibitors, showing great potential applications in various acidic environments.

A natural amino acid methionine-derived imidazole zwitterion was synthesized and investigated as a corrosion inhibitor on cold-rolled steel in an acid environment using weight loss, electrochemistry, and SEM techniques. The synthesized imidazole zwitterion inhibitor was fulfilled with green parameters: multicomponent single-step reaction, reaction at ambient temperature, and water used as a solvent. The corrosion study results show that imidazole zwitterion exhibits effective inhibition efficiency (84 %) at very low concentrations (100 ppm). The imidazole zwitterion exhibited excellent inhibition efficiency (72 %) at high temperature (95 °C). SEM results supported the experimental findings. The adsorption of imidazole zwitterion obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a uniform inhibitor film achieved via physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. Imidazole zwitterion can be useful in low inhibitor concentration applications such as pipeline flushing and cleaning.

The objective of this article is to describe to clinicians and dental technicians a novel approach regarding a digital workflow that combines the use of different CAD/CAM software programs to successfully address the challenge of achieving esthetic success in difficult cases. The "ReShape" concept for morphological and esthetic enhancement of monolithic ceramic restorations presents a unique digital workflow that facilitates production of restorations with natural morphology and surface texture, less need for post-milling characterizations, and excellent esthetic results. This approach is aimed at improving the quality of monolithic ceramic restorations fabricated via CAD/CAM technology by combining the acquisition software of an intraoral scanner with a design software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Sociología is the property of Federacion Espanola de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This technique article describes the duplication of a definitive implant-supported computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) crown with soft-tissue modification on a misplaced implant. Gingival contours were ideally shaped in the stone die, and a custom healing abutment was designed. After scanning the modified surface, images were correlated with the initial intraoral digital scan, and the definitive restoration was designed, milled, and delivered with an ideal soft-tissue emergence profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intraoral digital scan techniques have been widely used and sufficient evidence supports this technique in partially edentulous patients. However, the evidence supporting the use of intraoral scanners (IOSs) for edentulous patients is limited. The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure and compare the accuracy of complete arch conventional pick-up implant impressions with open and closed trays, complete arch digital implant scans with IOSs, and 3-dimensional (3D) printed casts from complete arch digital implant scans. Six implants were placed in a mandibular model. Scannable pick-up impression copings were inserted in the implants, scanned with a reference scanner, and exported in standard tessellation language (STL) format (Group Control). Splinted open-tray pick-up impressions (Group OT, n=5) and closed-tray pick-up impressions (Group CT, n=5) were made, and stone casts were fabricated. Digital scans (Group DS, n=5) were made with an IOS, and the STL files were exported to fabricate 3D printed casts (Group STL, n=5). Scannable pick-up impression copings were inserted in the dental implant analogs in Groups OT, CT, and STL and scanned with the reference scanner. Using a 3D inspection software program, the recording techniques were compared with the control. Root mean square (RMS) values were calculated from the control, and superimposed digitized casts from different recording techniques. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences in RMS values, and theTukey post hoc test was used to determine difference between different groups. Group CT had the lowest mean dimensional difference when superimposed with Group Control, followed by Groups DS, OT, and STL. Significant differences were found in RMS values between Control and digitized casts fabricated with different techniques (P <.05). The post hoc Tukey test revealed that Group DS (P <.05) was significantly different from the other groups, while no significant difference was found among Groups CT, OT, and STL (P >.05). Based on the findings of the present study, 3D printed casts from digital scans have the same accuracy as stone casts from conventional impressions in complete arch implant cases. Intraoral scans had the highest accuracy. Complete arch pick-up impression techniques using dual-functioning scannable pick-up impression copings are as accurate as splinted complete arch pick-up impressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]