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Se presentan resultados preliminares de un estudio sobre ectoparásitos de monos de Costa Rica. Se evaluaron 36 monos aulladores (Alouatta palliata Gray, 1849) y 3 monos capuchinos (Cebus capucinus Linnaeus, 1758) provenientes de diferentes zonas del país. En 2 de los A. palliata se encontraron ácaros de la familia Atopomelidae que fueron identificados como Listrocarpus alouattae Fain, 1972 (Acari: Astigmata). El análisis estadistico mostró diferencias significativas entre la mayoría de las medidas de estos ejemplares y las descritas anteriormente por Fain (1979) por lo que se sugiere que existen variaciones intraespecíficas en L. alouattae. Preliminary results of a study on ectoparasites of Costa Rican monkeys are presented. Thirty six mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata Gray, 1849) and 3 capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus Linnaeus, 1758) from different zones of the country were examined for ectoparasites. Fur mites of the family Atopomelidae were found on 2 of the individuals of A. palliata, which were identified as Listrocarpus alouattae Fain, 1972 (Acari: Astigmata). A statistical analysis showed differences between most measurements of these specimens and those described by Fain (1979) suggesting that there are intraspecific variations in L. alouattae. Universidad de Costa Rica/[111-A1-015]/UCR/Costa Rica UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET) UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Salud::Facultad de Microbiología UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de Biología UCR::Sedes Regionales::Sede de Occidente

Chinchilla, M., Guerrero, O. M., Sanchez, R. and Gutierrez-Espeleta, G. A. 2006. Presencia de Plasmodium brasilianum (Apicomplexa, Plasmodidae) en el mono congo (Alouatta palliata, Primates: Cebidae), de Costa Rica. Importancia epidemiologica en relacion con el ser humano. Parasitol. Latinoam. 61: 192–196. de Repentigny L., Lewandowski D. and Jolicoeur P. 2004. Immunopathogenesis of oropharingeal candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 17: 729–759. Gamboa-Coronado, M. M., Rodriguez-Cavallini E., RojasContreras G., Sanchez-Porras R. and Gutierrez-Espeleta, G. 2004. Flora bacteriana oral y su perfil de sensibilidad a antibioticos en monos de Costa Rica (Alouatta palliata y Atelles geoffroyi). Neotrop. Primates 12: 24–30. Garcia-Ruiz, J. C., Amutio E. and Ponton J. 2004. Infeccion fungica invasora en pacientes inmunodeficientes. Rev. Iberoam. Micol. 21: 55–62. Happel, R. 1986. Seed predation by Ateles geoffroyi (Primates: Cebidae) in Costa Rica. Brenesia 25–26: 261–264. Jones, C. B. 1983. Do howler monkeys feed upon legume flowers preferentially at flower opening time? Brenesia 21: 41–46. Lippold, L. K. 1988. A census of primates in Cabo Blanco absolute nature reserve, Costa Rica. Brenesia 29: 101–105. Londero, A. T. and Benevenga J. P. Trichophyton simii infection, its occurrence in Brazil. 1972. Rev. Ins. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo 14: 381–383. Mariat, F. and Droulet, E. 1996. Las levaduras de importancia medica y veterinaria. Dermatologia Rev. Mex. 40: 31–32. Massey, A. 1987. A population survey of Alouatta palliata, Cebus capucinus, and Ateles geoffroyi at Palo Verde, Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 35: 345–347. Monga, D. P. and Mohapatra, L. N. 1980. A compilation of published reports of mycoses in animals in India. Mycopatologia 72: 3–11. Ostrosky-Zeichner, L. 2003. New approaches to the risk of Candida in the intensive care unit. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 16: 533–537. Poirier, A. C., Chimenos, K. E., Ferrer, B. M., Lopez, L. J. and Caballero, H. R. 1997. Importancia de los factores predisponentes en la cavidad bucal. Med. Oral 2: 21–29. Rodriguez, J. and Chinchilla, F. A. 1996. Lista de mamiferos de Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44: 877–890. Sobel J. D. 1997. Vaginitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 337: 1896–1903. Teanpaisan R. and Nittayananta, W. 1998. Prevalence of Candida species in AIDS patients and HIV free subjects in Thailand. J. Oral Pathol. Med. 27: 4–7. Troyo, A., Solano, M. E., Calderon-Arguedas, O., Chinchilla, M., Sanchez, R. and Gutierrez-Espeleta, G. A. 2002. Fur mite, Listrocarpus alouattae Fain (Acari: atopomelidae), from Alouatta palliata Gray (Primates: Cebidae) in Costa Rica. Int. J. Acarol. 28: 251–255. Zuber T. J. and Baddam, K. 2001. Superficial fungal infection of the skin: where and how it appears help determine therapy. Postgrad. Med. 109: 117–132. New Sightings of Northern Muriqui (brachyteles hypoxanthus) Females in Forest Fragments Surrounding the Estacao Biologica De Caratinga-Rppn Feliciano Miguel Abdala, Minas Gerais, Brasil

LIU, DONG, YI, TIAN-CI, XU, YUN, ZHANG, ZHI-QIANG (2013): new mite species described during 2007 to 2012 3663. Zootaxa 3663 (1): 1-102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3663.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3663.1.1

Atopomelus megalotis Bochkov, Abramov & Hugot, 2011: 6 — Holotype male (ZISP, AVB 09-0805-008), from Hylomys megalotis Jenkins and Robinson (Erinaceomorpha: Erinaceidae), near Ban Doy village, 18 km north of Thakhek, Khammouane Province, Laos (17º33'26ʺN, 104º49'28ʺE, 140 m)., Published as part of LIU, DONG, YI, TIAN-CI, XU, YUN & ZHANG, ZHI-QIANG, 2013, new mite species described during 2007 to 2012 3663, pp. 1-102 in Zootaxa 3663 (1) on page 79, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3663.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5630595, {"references":["Bochkov, A. V., Abramov, A. V. & Hugot, J. - P. (2011) Five new species of fur mites (Acariformes: Sarcoptoidea) from small mammals in Laos. Zootaxa, 2980, 1 - 22."]}

Listrophoroides oconnori sp. n. (Figs. 1, 2) MALE.(holotype, Fig. 1). Body 400 long (385–410 in 10 paratypes), 185 wide (185–210). Gnathosoma about 50 long, 60 wide. Idiosoma stumpy, length/width ratio about 1.8: 1. Prescapular shield trapezoidal with almost straight lateral margins. Postscapular shield 85 long (85–95), 185 wide (185–200), completely covered by short curved lines arranged in 7–8 irregular rows. Scutal organs (antero-lateral impressions on propodonotal shield) absent. Hysteronotal shield 185 long (175–190), separated from postscapular shield, almost completely covering dorsal surface of hysteronotum, completely covered by short curved lines, more numerous in its posterior third; posterior third of hysteronotal shield more strongly sclerotized than other shield. Lateral margins of hysteronotal shield without incisions. Diameters of round weakly sclerotized patches situated slightly posterior to level of setal bases d 1 only slightly exceeding diameters of setal alveoli. Distances d 1 -d 1 and e 1 - e 1 60 (60–70) and 32 (30–35), respectively. Bases of setae e 1 situated on strongly sclerotized cuticle. Setae h 3 55 long (52–57). Lateral margins of opisthosoma with dilatations at level of setae e 2. Striated membranes of coxal fields II 35 wide (30–37), subequal in width to membranes of coxal field I. Cuticle between coxal apodemes Ia not sclerotized; cuticle between coxal apodemes IIa weakly sclerotized. Genital organ situated between levels of coxae III and IV. An X-shaped pregenital sclerite present between bases of setae 4 b and postgenital shield. Anterior arms of this sclerite bearing bases of setae 4 b, posterior arms bearing genital papillae. Aedeagus short, about 8 long; sheath of aedeagus absent (Fig. 1 C). Postgenital shield shorter than aedeagus. Coxal fields III without transverse line. Coxal fields IV without projections. Pair of longitudinal crests extending from level of seta 3 a bases to level of seta 4 a bases present. Pair of sclerotized patches immediately posterior to level of seta 4 a bases present. Anus situated ventrally. Setae ps 3 situated at level of anal opening. Anal folds and adanal shields absent. Opisthosomal membrane distinctly developed, without scales, its posterior margin with short median protrusion or without this protrusion (widely rounded). Anterior half of lobar membrane covered by longitudinal striation. Dorso-basal hook of femur I absent. Femur III about 50 long. Tarsus III with distinct ventro-apical protrusion (Fig. 1 D). Femur IV about 75 long and 50 wide, about 1.6 times wider than femur III, bearing longitudinal furrow ventrally. Tibiotarsi III and IV, excluding corresponding pretarsus, about 60 and 55 long, respectively. Length ratio of femur: genu: tibiotarsus IV 2: 1: 1.8. Solenidia φ of legs III and IV about 15 and 45, respectively. Setae f IV strongly thickened. FEMALE (10 paratypes, Fig. 2). Body 400–425 long, 175–195 wide. Gnathosoma 50–55 long, 57–62 wide. Postscapular shield 95–100 long, 175–185 wide, completely covered by short slightly curved lines arranged in 6–7 irregular rows. Scutal organs absent. Hysteronotal shield 135–150 long, 125–145 wide at level of setae d 2 and 115– 130 wide at level of setae e 1, completely covered by short slightly curved lines; few of these lines also situated laterally off this shield. Distances between seal bases d 1 -d 1, e 1 -e 1, and e 1 -posterior margin of hysteronotal shield 80– 95, 75 – 95, and 5–10, respectively. Lateral parts of hysteronotum with few scales situated posterior to level of setal bases e 2. Striated membranes of coxae II 37 –42 wide, subequal to striated membranes of coxal fields I. Cuticle between coxal apodemes Ia not sclerotized. Coxal fields III and IV without ornamentation. Acicula of coxal fields IV absent. Epigynum arched 3–4 long and 25–30 wide. Ventral part of opisthosoma with pair of opisthogastral shields, 1 / 3 of opisthosomal width each and extending from insertion of legs IV to level of seta ps 3 bases. Opisthogaster covered by scales extending from level of setae 4 a to level of setae f 2 between opisthogastral shields and posterior to them. Setae ps 3 situated posterior to level of setae e 1. Basal cap of spermatheca sacculiform, almost indistinct. Dorso-basal projection of femur I absent. Tibiotarsi III and IV, without pretarsus, 40–45 and 45–50 long, respectively. Solenidia φ of legs III and IV 8–10 and 3–5 long, respectively. Type material. Male holotype (T-At-ZISP AVB 09- 1505 -005), 20 male and 20 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 -005, # 1-40) from Saxatilomys paulinae Musser et al. (Rodentia: Muridae), 9 November 2008, coll. A. Abramov, A. Tikhonov (field number #AA, AT 15); 10 male and 10 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 - 0 0 1, # 1-20), same data (#AA, AT 18); 10 male and 10 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 -002, # 1-20), same locality, 10 November 2008 (#AA, AT 27); 10 male and 10 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 -003, # 1-20), same data (#AA, AT 31); 10 male and 10 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 -004, # 1-20), same locality, 11 November 2008 (#AA, AT 39); 10 male and 10 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 -05, # 1-20), same data (#AA, AT 40); 10 male and 10 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 -006, # 1-20), same data (#AA, AT 42); 10 male and 10 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 -007, # 1-20), same data, (#AA, AT 44); 10 male and 10 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09- 2307 -008, # 1-20), same data (#AA, AT 45). Numerous mite specimens from all these records are preserved in alcohol. Type deposition. Holotype and most part of paratypes—ZISP, 3 male and 3 female paratypes—in UMMZ, 3 male and 3 female paratypes—MNHN, 3 male and 3 female paratypes—IRSNB. Differential diagnosis. This species belongs to the subgenus Paklistrophoroides, which was shown to be polyphyletic (Bochkov & OConnor 2005). In species of this subgenus, the cuticle between coxal apodemes Ia is not sclerotized (Fain 1981 a). Among species of this subgenus, the new species is closely related to Listrophoroides (Paklistrophoroides) scutalis Fain from Leopoldamys edwardsi (Thomas) (Rodentia: Muridae) from Vietnam and Laos (Fain 1981 a; Bochkov et al. 2004). In males of these species, the idiosoma is stumpy, the opisthosoma has dilatations at the level of setae e 2, and the bases of setae e 1 are situated on the strongly sclerotized cuticle and therefore are weakly discernible (for this reason, these setae were overlooked by Fain [1981 a] and Bochkov and OConnor [2005]). The new species differs from L. scutalis by the following characters. In both sexes of L. oconnori sp. n., the scutal organs are absent; in males, tarsus III has a ventro-apical projection, femur IV has a ventral furrow; in females, the postscapular and hysteronotal shields are completely covered by ornamentation. In males of L. scutalis, tarsus III has no ventro-apical projection, femur IV has no ventral furrow; in females, the postscapular shield is devoid of ornamentation and the hysteronotal shield is covered by ornamentation only in the median part. Etymology. The species is named in honor of the prominent acarologist Prof. Barry M. OConnor (UMMZ). Remark. The monobasic genus Saxatilomys is, probably, close to Leopoldamys (Musser et al. 2005). Therefore, it is not surprising that its parasite Listrophoroides oconnori is morphologically close to L. scutalis —a specific parasite of Leopoldamys spp.

Atopomelus megalotis sp. n. (Figs. 3���5, 12 A) MALE (holotype, Figs. 3, 4 and 12 A). Body, 600 long (440���620 in 10 paratypes), 160 wide (160���220). Prescapular shield 120���140 long; postscapular shield 180���210 long, completely covered by transverse lines; hysteronotal shield 140���170 long, trapeziform, covered by tubercles in anterior third, pair of round weakly sclerotized patches near bases of setae d 2 present. Opisthonotal surface behind hysteronotal shield tuberculate. Lateral unsclerotized parts of idiosoma between levels of legs II and III insertions covered by scales. Aedeagus about 4 times shorter than femur III. Opisthogaster posterior to level of ps 3 setae covered by scales. Length of idiosomal setae: si 40���55, se 45���80, c 2 60���65, c 3 30���35, cp 110���160, d 1 50���80, d 2 50���340, e 1 180���220, h 1 8���10, h 2 50���60, h 3 180���230; length of setae e 2 and f 2 highly variable, 20���200 and 30���100, respectively. Leg III and IV 210���320 and 470���560 long, respectively. Trochanter IV with ventral and dorsal spurs, ventral spur fang-like shape, 48���57 long, with single apex (Fig. 12 A); dorsal spur well developed, slightly shorter than ventral spur, situated in basal part of this segment. Femur and genu IV together 180���190 long, femur with 1 ventral spur, 5���10 long. Tibiotarsi III and IV without pretarsus, 70���90 and 185���200 long, respectively. Tarsus IV with single pointed apex. Seta d III subequal in length to respective tibiotarsus, excluding pretarsus. FEMALE (10 paratypes, Fig. 5). Body 600���665 long, 150���170 wide. Prescapular shield 100���120 long; postscapular shield well developed, 80���100 long, covered by scale-like pattern, with posterior median incision 20���25 long. Hysteronotum covered medially by triangular scales; length and width of these scales subequal. Genital papillae contiguous. Genital valves separated from each other, each bearing setae 4 b and g. Sclerotized areas of coxae IV fused in posterior part, and setae 4 a situated on unpaired sclerotized plate. Basal cap of spermatheca globosely inflated. Legs III and IV 120���140 long; tibiotarsi III and IV, excluding pretarsus, 50���60 long. Setae d III and IV subequal in length to respective tibiotarsi, excluding pretarsi. Type material. Male holotype (T-At-ZISP AVB 09-0805-008), 7 male and 8 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805-006, # 1-15) from Hylomys megalotis Jenkins and Robinson (Erinaceomorpha: Erinaceidae), 14 November 2008, coll. A. Abramov, A. Tikhonov (field number #AA, AT 85); 2 male and 3 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805-002, # 1-5), same locality, 9 November 2008 (#AA AT 23); 1 male paratype (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805- 0 10, # 1), same data (#AA AT 10); 2 male and 3 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805-005, # 1-5), same locality, 13 November 2008 (#AA AT 57); 3 male and 1 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805-006, # 1-4), same data (#AA AT 56); 1 male and 1 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805-001, # 1-2), same locality, 14 November 2008 (#AA AT 72); 1 male and 2 female paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805-004, # 1-3), same data (#AA AT 70); 3 male paratypes (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805-007, # 1-3), same data (#AA AT 71); 1 female paratype (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805- 009), same locality, 15 November 2008 (#AA AT 87); 1 male paratype (ZISP-At AVB 09-0805-003), same locality, 16 November 2008 (#AA AT 103). Numerous immature mite specimens from all these records are preserved in alcohol. Type deposition. Holotype and most part of paratypes���ZISP, 1 male and 1 female paratypes���in UMMZ, 1 male and 1 female paratypes���MNHN, 1 male and 1 female paratypes���IRSNB. Differential diagnosis. This new species belongs to the locusta group including three species. In males of this group, the postscapular shield has transverse lines, the opisthonotum posterior to the hysteronotal shield bears tubercles, and trochanter IV bears a dorsal spur; in females, the hysteronotum is covered medially by the triangular scales which are not longer than wide, the genital papillae are contiguous, and the basal cap of the spermatheca is inflated (Bochkov et al. 2005). Among members of this group, the new species is very close to Atopomelus locusta Trouessart from Neotetracus sinensis Trouessart and Hylomys suillus Muller from China, Vietnam, Laos, and Malaysia (Bochkov et al. 2005). In males of both mite species, the aedeagus is 3���4 times shorter than femur III, seta d III is subequal in length to the respective tibiotarsus, the dorsal and ventral spurs of trochanter IV are subequal, the hysteronotal shield is ornamented, the dorsal spur of trochanter IV situates basally, and femurogenu IV bears a single ventral spur; in females, setae d III and IV are subequal in the length to the respective tibiotarsi, the genital valves are separated from each other, and the distal part of the spermatheca is globose. These species differ from each other by the following feature. In males of Atopomelus megalotis sp. n., the ventral spur of trochanter IV is 48���57 long, fang-like (Fig. 12 A), the opisthogaster anterior to level of setae ps 3 is devoid of scales; in females, the width and length of the median scales of the hysteronotum is subequal. In males of A. locusta, the ventral spur of trochanter IV is 27���30 long, spade-like (Fig. 12 B), the opisthogaster anterior to level of setae ps 3 bears scales; in females, the median scales of the hysteronotum are distinctly wider than their length. Etymology. The specific epithet derives from the specific name of the host and is a noun in apposition. Remarks. It is interesting that newly described A. megalotis is morphologically very close to A. locusta parasitizing the two gymnure species, Neotetracus sinensis and Hylomys suillus (Bochkov et al. 2005). Neotetracus sinensis is also parasitized by one more Atopomelus species, A. priapus Bochkov et al. The presence of two so closely related species A. locusta and A. megalotis on N. sinensis and H. megalotis, respectively, could be explained by phylogenetic links between these hosts or by the transfer of their parasites from one host species to another with the following speciation. Hylomys megalotis is a very peculiar host and its phylogenetic relationships are not yet clear; therefore, it was only temporarily placed in the genus Hylomys (Jenkins & Robinson 2002). However, there are no data supporting its sister grouping with N. sinensis. On another hand, the ranges of these hosts, at least in the present time, are distant from each other and, therefore, the hypothesis suggesting host switching between them is highly improbable. We believe that N. sinensis is the initial host only for A. priapus. Ranges of H. suillus and N. sinensis are partially overlapping which makes the transfer of A. locusta from H. suillus to N. sinensis feasible. Whereas H. megalotis, probably, received mites directly from H. suillus (ranges of these hosts are also overlapping) or A. megalotis and A. locusta originated from the common ancestor, which parasitized ancestor of the genus Hylomys. This hypothesis not only explains the presence of two Atopomelus spp. on N. sinensis (each gymnure species being associated with one species from this genus, only) but also gives evidence for sister relationships between A. locusta and A. megalotis., Published as part of Bochkov, Andre V., Abramov, Alexei V. & Hugot, Jean-Pierre, 2011, Five new species of fur mites (Acariformes: Sarcoptoidea) from small mammals in Laos, pp. 1-22 in Zootaxa 2980 on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278298, {"references":["Jenkins, P. D. & Robinson, M. F. (2002) Another variation on the gymnure theme: description of a new species of Hylomys (Lipotyphla, Erinaceidae, Galericinae). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum London (Zoology), 68, 1 - 11."]}

ATOPOMELIDAE Cubanochirus Fain, 1970 Cubanochirus sp. —De la Cruz (1980):11 Plagiodontochirus Fain, 1976 Plagiodontochirus nudus Fain, 1976:63 Knemidokoptes jamaicensis Turk, 1950. Latta & O’Connor, 2001:437; Latta, 2003:730, Published as part of Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E., 2008, Arthropods of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti): A checklist and bibliography, pp. 1-530 in Zootaxa 1831 (1) on pages 46-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1831.1.1

Two new species of Listrocarpus Fain, 1967 (Acari: Atopomelidae): L. capucinus sp. nov. and L. costaricensis sp. nov., are described from the hair of white faced capuchin (Cebus capucinus Linnaeus, 1758) and squirrel (Saimiri oerstedii Reinhardt, 1872) monkeys in the Central Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Se describen dos especies nuevas del género Listrocarpus Fain, 1967 (Acari: Atopomelidae): L. capucinus sp. nov. y L. costaricensis sp. nov., presentes en el pelo de monos capuchinos (Cebus capucinus Linnaeus, 1758) y modos ardilla (Saimiri oerstedii Reinhardt, 1872) de la costa pacífica centra lde Costa Rica. Universidad de Costa Rica/[proyecto 803-A1-745]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[proyecto 111-A1-015]/UCR/Costa Rica UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET) UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de Biología

A collection of listrophoroid mites (Listrophoroidea) belonging to the Bishop Museum, Honolulu, and collected from mammals in New Guinea was studied. This collection contains 23 species and 2 subspecies, of which 2 species are described as new. Complete descriptions and illustrations are provided for 9 species and 2 subspecies briefly described in a preliminary note by Fain (1975). The species treated belong to 7 genera, 6 in the family Atopomelidae and 1 in the Chirodiscidae. This report brings the total number of species of Listrophoroidea known from New Guinea to 43 and the number of genera to 13, all belonging to the Atopomelidae and Chirodiscidae.

Five new fur-inhabiting mites of the superfamily Sarcoptoidea (Acariformes: Astigmata) are described from small mammals associated with tower karstic landscape in Khammouane Province of Laos: Listrophoroides oconnori sp. n. from Saxatilomys paulinae Musser et al. (Rodentia: Muridae) and Atopomelus megalotis sp. n. from Hylomys megalotis Jenkins and Robbinson (Erinaceomorpha: Erinaceidae)—Atopomelidae; Afrolistrophoroides laonastes sp. n. from Laonastes aenigmamus Jenkins et al. (Rodentia: Diatomyidae), A. saxatilomys sp. n. from Saxatilomys paulinae, and Pteromychirus menetes from Menetes berdmorei (Blyth) (Rodentia: Sciuridae)—Listrophoridae.

Parasites have been investigated for some New World primates; however, very little is known about ectoparasites and specifically fur mites. In this study, Alouatta palliata, Cebus capucinus, Saimiri oerstedii, and Ateles geoffroyi monkeys from different areas of Costa Rica were searched for fur mites. A total of 276 monkeys were evaluated, and 51 of them were positive for mites of the family Atopomelidae. Listrocarpus alouattae was identified on 22.3% of A. palliata; Listrocarpus capucinus on 12.8% of C. capucinus; and Listrocarpus costaricensis on 36.8% of S. oerstedii; No fur mites were found on A. geoffroyi. Sex was not considered a determinant of mite infestation, but prevalence was significantly higher in the Central Volcanic Mountain Range Conservation Area for L. alouattae (p=0.01) and in the Central Pacific Conservation Area for L. capucinus (p=0.002). These primate fur mites are highly host-specific. Differences in the geographical distribution may be due to monkey behavior and history, as well as to environmental conditions. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (1-2): 353-360. Epub 2009 June 30.Muy poco se conoce sobre los ectoparásitos, específicamente de los ácaros del pelo, de primates del Nuevo Mundo. En este estudio se buscaron ácaros del pelo en monos Alouatta palliata, Cebus capucinus, Saimiri oerstedii y Ateles geoffroyi provenientes de diferentes áreas de Costa Rica. Se evaluaron 276 monos en total y 51 de ellos se encontraron positivos por ácaros de la familia Atopomelidae. Se identificó Listrocarpus alouattae en el 22.3% de los A. palliata, Listrocarpus capucinus en el 12.8% de los C. capucinus y Listrocarpus costaricensis en el 36.8% de los S. oerstedii. El sexo no fue un determinante de la infestación por ácaros, pero la prevalencia de L. alouattae fue significativamente mayor en el Área de Conservación Cordillera Volcánica Central (p=0.01) y la de L. capucinus fue mayor en el Área de Conservación Pacífico Central (p=0.002). Estos ácaros del pelo de primates son altamente específicos en relación con su hospedero. Las diferencias en la distribución geográfica podrían deberse al comportamiento e historia de los monos, así como a las condiciones ambientales.