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11 results on '"Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV)"'

1. Impacts of ocean-atmosphere teleconnection patterns on the south-central United States

Author

Robert V. Rohli, Gregg A. Snedden, Elinor R. Martin, and Kristine L. DeLong

Subjects
El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Arctic Oscillation (AO), Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Pacific/North American (PNA) pattern, Science
Abstract

Recent research has linked the climate variability associated with ocean-atmosphere teleconnections to impacts rippling throughout environmental, economic, and social systems. This research reviews recent literature through 2021 in which we identify linkages among the major modes of climate variability, in the form of ocean-atmosphere teleconnections, and the impacts to temperature and precipitation of the South-Central United States (SCUSA), consisting of Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. The SCUSA is an important areal focus for this analysis because it straddles the ecotone between humid and arid climates in the United States and has a growing population, diverse ecosystems, robust agricultural and other economic sectors including the potential for substantial wind and solar energy generation. Whereas a need exists to understand atmospheric variability due to the cascading impacts through ecological and social systems, our understanding is complicated by the positioning of the SCUSA between subtropical and extratropical circulation features and the influence of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, and the adjacent Gulf of Mexico. The Southern Oscillation (SO), Pacific-North American (PNA) pattern, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the related Arctic Oscillation (AO), Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation/Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMO/AMV), and Pacific Decadal Oscillation/Pacific Decadal Variability (PDO/PDV) have been shown to be important modulators of temperature and precipitation variables at the monthly, seasonal, and interannual scales, and the intraseasonal Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in the SCUSA. By reviewing these teleconnection impacts in the region alongside updated seasonal correlation maps, this research provides more accessible and comparable results for interdisciplinary use on climate impacts beyond the atmospheric-environmental sciences.

Published
2022
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2. Decreasing surface chlorophyll in the tropical ocean as an indicator of anthropogenic greenhouse effect during 1998–2020

Author

Feng Tian and Rong-Hua Zhang

Subjects
surface chlorophyll, anthropogenic greenhouse emissions, internal variability, tropical ocean, interdecadal Pacific variability (IPV), Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV), Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Available satellite data reveal a decreasing trend in surface chlorophyll (SChl) over the entire tropical ocean until 2020. Where contributions by internal variability and external forcing remain unclear. Here, state-of-the-art climate model simulations are analyzed to show that external forcing significantly contributes to the decreasing SChl trend. In contrast, internal variability plays a weak or even offsetting role. As for the underlying processes, anthropogenic greenhouse emissions lead to a remarkable reduction in SChl over the tropical oceans, whereas industrial aerosol load facilitates a considerable increase in SChl in the western tropical Pacific. In addition, the negative phase of the interdecadal Pacific variability during 1998–2020 contributes to an increase in SChl, while the impact from the Atlantic multidecadal variability is relatively weak in facilitating a decrease in SChl. Overall, these results imply that the impact of anthropogenic forcing has emerged as indicated in the tropical marine ecosystem.

Published
2023
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3. North Atlantic climate model bias influence on multiyear predictability.

Author

Park, W., Wu, Y., Park, T., and Latif, M.

Subjects
*MERIDIONAL overturning circulation, *EARTH temperature, *ATMOSPHERIC models, *SEAWATER salinity
Abstract

The influences of North Atlantic biases on multiyear predictability of unforced surface air temperature (SAT) variability are examined in the Kiel Climate Model (KCM). By employing a freshwater flux correction over the North Atlantic to the model, which strongly alleviates both North Atlantic sea surface salinity (SSS) and sea surface temperature (SST) biases, the freshwater flux-corrected integration depicts significantly enhanced multiyear SAT predictability in the North Atlantic sector in comparison to the uncorrected one. The enhanced SAT predictability in the corrected integration is due to a stronger and more variable Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and its enhanced influence on North Atlantic SST. Results obtained from preindustrial control integrations of models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) support the findings obtained from the KCM: models with large North Atlantic biases tend to have a weak AMOC influence on SAT and exhibit a smaller SAT predictability over the North Atlantic sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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4. Impacts of Atlantic multidecadal variability on the tropical Pacific: a multi-model study

Author

Alessio Bellucci, Xavier J. Levine, Rosie Eade, Frédéric Castruccio, Etienne Tourigny, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Gokhan Danabasoglu, Rym Msadek, Daniel L. R. Hodson, Jorge López-Parages, Doug Smith, Marta Martín-Rey, Dario Nicolì, Katja Lohmann, Guillaume Gastineau, Jon Robson, Christophe Cassou, Nick Dunstone, Christopher D. Roberts, Eduardo Moreno-Chamarro, Leon Hermanson, Emilia Sanchez-Gomez, Paul-Arthur Monerie, Paolo Davini, Saïd Qasmi, Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per i Cambiamenti Climatici [Bologna] (CMCC), Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima [Bologna] (ISAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique (CERFACS), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e Del Clima [Torino] (isac), Met Office Climate Research Division, United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, NCAS-Climate [Reading], Department of Meteorology [Reading], University of Reading (UOR)-University of Reading (UOR), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Instituto de Ciencias del Mar de Barcelona (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), European Project: 641727,H2020,H2020-SC5-2014-two-stage,PRIMAVERA(2015), European Project: 776613,Fighting and adapting to climate change,H2020-EU.3.5.1,EUCP(2017), European Project: 797236,FESTIVAL, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), CERFACS, Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Commission, National Science Foundation (US), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US), and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Sea temperature, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Tropical Atlantic, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, Troposphere, Meteorology. Climatology, Moist static energy, Environmental Chemistry, GE1-350, 14. Life underwater, Precipitation, Multidecadal variability, Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical pacific, Global and Planetary Change, Enginyeria agroalimentària::Ciències de la terra i de la vida::Climatologia i meteorologia [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Escalfament global, Global warming, Teleconnections (Climatology), Environmental sciences, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science, QC851-999, Teleconnection
Abstract

11 pages, 6 figures, supplementary information https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-021-00188-5.-- Data availability; The data generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author YRR on reasonable request, Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) has been linked to the observed slowdown of global warming over 1998–2012 through its impact on the tropical Pacific. Given the global importance of tropical Pacific variability, better understanding this Atlantic–Pacific teleconnection is key for improving climate predictions, but the robustness and strength of this link are uncertain. Analyzing a multi-model set of sensitivity experiments, we find that models differ by a factor of 10 in simulating the amplitude of the Equatorial Pacific cooling response to observed AMV warming. The inter-model spread is mainly driven by different amounts of moist static energy injection from the tropical Atlantic surface into the upper troposphere. We reduce this inter-model uncertainty by analytically correcting models for their mean precipitation biases and we quantify that, following an observed 0.26 °C AMV warming, the equatorial Pacific cools by 0.11 °C with an inter-model standard deviation of 0.03 °C, Y.R.-R. was founded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program in the framework of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant INADEC (Grant agreement 800154). E.M.-C. acknowledges funding from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 projects PRIMAVERA (Grant Agreement 641727). X.L. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2016-754433. A.B. and D.N. acknowledge funding from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 project EUCP (Grant agreement 776613). F.C. and G.D. were supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) under the Collaborative Research EaSM2 Grant OCE-1243015 to NCAR and by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office under the Climate Variability and Predictability Program Grant NA13OAR4310138. NCAR is a major facility sponsored by the US NSF under Cooperative Agreement 1852977. [...] R.E., N.D., L.H., and D.S. were supported by the Met Office Hadley Center 522 Climate Program funded by BEIS and Defra and by the European Commission Horizon 2020 EUCP 523 project (GA 776613). J.L.-P. was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program in the framework of the PRIMAVERA project (Grant Agreement 641727). J.R. and D.H. were funded by NERC via NCAS and the ACSIS project (NE/N018001/1), and JR was also funded by the NERC SMURPHS project (NE/N006054/1). M.M.-R. was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program in the framework of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant FESTIVAL (Grant agreement 797236). E.T. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 748750 (SPFireSD project), With the funding support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), of the Spanish Research Agency (AEI)

Published
2021
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5. Troposphere-stratosphere response to large-scale North Atlantic Ocean variability in an atmosphere/ocean coupled model.

Author

Omrani, N.-E., Bader, Jürgen, Keenlyside, N., and Manzini, Elisa

Subjects
*TROPOSPHERE, *STRATOSPHERE, *ATMOSPHERIC models, *GLOBAL warming, *NORTH Atlantic oscillation, *ATMOSPHERIC circulation, *MARINE ecology
Abstract

The instrumental records indicate that the basin-wide wintertime North Atlantic warm conditions are accompanied by a pattern resembling negative North Atlantic oscillation (NAO), and cold conditions with pattern resembling the positive NAO. This relation is well reproduced in a control simulation by the stratosphere resolving atmosphere-ocean coupled Max-Planck-Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM). Further analyses of the MPI-ESM model simulation shows that the large-scale warm North Atlantic conditions are associated with a stratospheric precursory signal that propagates down into the troposphere, preceding the wintertime negative NAO. Additional experiments using only the atmospheric component of MPI-ESM (ECHAM6) indicate that these stratospheric and tropospheric changes are forced by the warm North Atlantic conditions. The basin-wide warming excites a wave-induced stratospheric vortex weakening, stratosphere/troposphere coupling and a high-latitude tropospheric warming. The induced high-latitude tropospheric warming is associated with reduction of the growth rate of low-level baroclinic waves over the North Atlantic region, contributing to the negative NAO pattern. For the cold North Atlantic conditions, the strengthening of the westerlies in the coupled model is confined to the troposphere and lower stratosphere. Comparing the coupled and uncoupled model shows that in the cold phase the tropospheric changes seen in the coupled model are not well reproduced by the standalone atmospheric configuration. Our experiments provide further evidence that North Atlantic Ocean variability (NAV) impacts the coupled stratosphere/troposphere system. As NAV has been shown to be predictable on seasonal-to-decadal timescales, these results have important implications for the predictability of the extra-tropical atmospheric circulation on these time-scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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6. Impacts of Atlantic multidecadal variability on the tropical Pacific: a multi-model study

Author

Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Ruprich-Robert, Yohan, Moreno Chamarro, Eduardo, Levine, Xavier, Bellucci, Alessio, Cassou, Christophe, Tourigny, Etienne, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Ruprich-Robert, Yohan, Moreno Chamarro, Eduardo, Levine, Xavier, Bellucci, Alessio, Cassou, Christophe, and Tourigny, Etienne

Abstract

Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) has been linked to the observed slowdown of global warming over 1998–2012 through its impact on the tropical Pacific. Given the global importance of tropical Pacific variability, better understanding this Atlantic–Pacific teleconnection is key for improving climate predictions, but the robustness and strength of this link are uncertain. Analyzing a multi-model set of sensitivity experiments, we find that models differ by a factor of 10 in simulating the amplitude of the Equatorial Pacific cooling response to observed AMV warming. The inter-model spread is mainly driven by different amounts of moist static energy injection from the tropical Atlantic surface into the upper troposphere. We reduce this inter-model uncertainty by analytically correcting models for their mean precipitation biases and we quantify that, following an observed 0.26 °C AMV warming, the equatorial Pacific cools by 0.11 °C with an inter-model standard deviation of 0.03 °C., Y.R.-R. was founded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program in the framework of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant INADEC (Grant agreement 800154). E.M.-C. acknowledges funding from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 projects PRIMAVERA (Grant Agreement 641727). X.L. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2016-754433. A.B. and D.N. acknowledge funding from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 project EUCP (Grant agreement 776613). F.C. and G.D. were supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) under the Collaborative Research EaSM2 Grant OCE-1243015 to NCAR and by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office under the Climate Variability and Predictability Program Grant NA13OAR4310138. NCAR is a major facility sponsored by the US NSF under Cooperative Agreement 1852977. Acknowledgments are made for the use of ECMWF’s computing and archive facilities in this research, in particular, P.D. thanks ECMWF for providing computing time in the framework of the special project SPITDAVI. R.E., N.D., L.H., and D.S. were supported by the Met Office Hadley Center 522 Climate Program funded by BEIS and Defra and by the European Commission Horizon 2020 EUCP 523 project (GA 776613). J.L.-P. was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program in the framework of the PRIMAVERA project (Grant Agreement 641727). J.R. and D.H. were funded by NERC via NCAS and the ACSIS project (NE/N018001/1), and JR was also funded by the NERC SMURPHS project (NE/N006054/1). M.M.-R. was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program in the framework of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant FESTIVAL (Grant agreement 797236). E.T. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie gran, Peer Reviewed, "Article signat per 25 autors/es: Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Eduardo Moreno-Chamarro, Xavier Levine, Alessio Bellucci, Christophe Cassou, Frederic Castruccio, Paolo Davini, Rosie Eade, Guillaume Gastineau, Leon Hermanson, Dan Hodson, Katja Lohmann, Jorge Lopez-Parages, Paul-Arthur Monerie, Dario Nicolì, Said Qasmi, Christopher D. Roberts, Emilia Sanchez-Gomez, Gokhan Danabasoglu, Nick Dunstone, Marta Martin-Rey, Rym Msadek, Jon Robson, Doug Smith & Etienne Tourigny ", Postprint (author's final draft)

Published
2021

7. Combined influences of seasonal East Atlantic Pattern and North Atlantic Oscillation to excite Atlantic multidecadal variability in a climate model.

Author

Ruprich-Robert, Yohan and Cassou, Christophe

Subjects
*NORTH Atlantic oscillation, *ATMOSPHERIC models, *ATLANTIC multidecadal oscillation, *MERIDIONAL overturning circulation, *SEA ice, *CLIMATE change
Abstract

The physical processes underlying the internal component of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) are investigated from a 1,000-yr pre-industrial control simulation of the CNRM-CM5 model. The low-frequency fluctuations of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are shown to be the main precursor for the model AMV. The full life cycle of AMOC/AMV events relies on a complex time-evolving relationship with both North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and East Atlantic Pattern (EAP) that must be considered from a seasonal perspective in order to isolate their action; the ocean is responsible for setting the multidecadal timescale of the fluctuations. AMOC rise leading to a warm phase of AMV is statistically preceded by wintertime NAO+ and EAP+ from ~Lag −40/−20 yrs. Associated wind stress anomalies induce an acceleration of the subpolar gyre (SPG) and enhanced northward transport of warm and saline subtropical water. Concurrent positive salinity anomalies occur in the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Seas in link to local sea-ice decline; those are advected by the Eastern Greenland Current to the Labrador Sea participating to the progressive densification of the SPG and the intensification of ocean deep convection leading to AMOC strengthening. From ~Lag −10 yrs prior an AMOC maximum, opposite relationship is found with the NAO for both summer and winter seasons. Despite negative lags, NAO− at that time is consistent with the atmospheric response through teleconnection to the northward shift/intensification of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone in link to the ongoing warming of tropical north Atlantic basin due to AMOC rise/AMV build-up. NAO− acts as a positive feedback for the full development of the model AMV through surface fluxes but, at the same time, prepares its termination through negative retroaction on AMOC. Relationship between EAP+ and AMOC is also present in summer from ~Lags −30/+10 yrs while winter EAP− is favored around the AMV peak. Based on additional atmospheric-forced experiments, both are interpreted as the local seasonal-dependent atmospheric response to warmer North Atlantic. Finally, advection of fresher water from the tropical basin created by local atmosphere/ocean anomalous circulation on one hand and from the Arctic on the other hand due to large-scale sea ice melting leads to decrease of density in the SPG and contributes terminating the model AMOC/AMV events. All together, the combined effects of NAO and EAP, their intertwined seasonal forcing/forced role upon/by the ocean and the primary role of salinity anomalies associated with oceanic dynamical changes acting as an integrator are responsible in CNRM-CM5 for an irregular and damped mode of variability for AMOC/AMV that takes about 35-40 (15-20) years to build up (dissipate). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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8. A multi-model comparison of Atlantic multidecadal variability.

Author

Ba, Jin, Keenlyside, Noel, Latif, Mojib, Park, Wonsun, Ding, Hui, Lohmann, Katja, Mignot, Juliette, Menary, Matthew, Otterå, Odd, Wouters, Bert, Salas y Melia, David, Oka, Akira, Bellucci, Alessio, and Volodin, Evgeny

Subjects
*GENERAL circulation model, *OCEAN temperature, *CLIMATE change, *CLIMATOLOGY, *COMPARATIVE studies
Abstract

A multi-model analysis of Atlantic multidecadal variability is performed with the following aims: to investigate the similarities to observations; to assess the strength and relative importance of the different elements of the mechanism proposed by Delworth et al. (J Clim 6:1993-2011, 1993) (hereafter D93) among coupled general circulation models (CGCMs); and to relate model differences to mean systematic error. The analysis is performed with long control simulations from ten CGCMs, with lengths ranging between 500 and 3600 years. In most models the variations of sea surface temperature (SST) averaged over North Atlantic show considerable power on multidecadal time scales, but with different periodicity. The SST variations are largest in the mid-latitude region, consistent with the short instrumental record. Despite large differences in model configurations, we find quite some consistency among the models in terms of processes. In eight of the ten models the mid-latitude SST variations are significantly correlated with fluctuations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), suggesting a link to northward heat transport changes. Consistent with this link, the three models with the weakest AMOC have the largest cold SST bias in the North Atlantic. There is no linear relationship on decadal timescales between AMOC and North Atlantic Oscillation in the models. Analysis of the key elements of the D93 mechanisms revealed the following: Most models present strong evidence that high-latitude winter mixing precede AMOC changes. However, the regions of wintertime convection differ among models. In most models salinity-induced density anomalies in the convective region tend to lead AMOC, while temperature-induced density anomalies lead AMOC only in one model. However, analysis shows that salinity may play an overly important role in most models, because of cold temperature biases in their relevant convective regions. In most models subpolar gyre variations tend to lead AMOC changes, and this relation is strong in more than half of the models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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9. Tropical origin for the impacts of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability on the Euro-Atlantic climate

Author

Paolo Davini, Jost von Hardenberg, and Susanna Corti

Subjects
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV), Atmospheric blocking, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Global Climate Models, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) is known for influencing the mid-latitude climate variability, especially over the European region. This letter assesses the impact of the wintertime AMV in a group of 200-year atmospheric-only numerical experiments, in which the atmosphere is forced with positive and negative AMV-like sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice concentration patterns. Anomalies are applied separately to the whole North Atlantic ocean, to the extratropics (north of 30° N) and to the tropics (between 0° and 30° N). Results show that AMV anomalies considerably affect the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the jet stream variability and the frequency of atmospheric blocking over the Euro-Atlantic sector, resulting in a negative (positive) NAO during positive (negative) AMV. It is found that the bulk of the signal is originated in the tropics and it is associated with a Gill-like response—an anomalous upper tropospheric streamfunction dipole over the tropical Atlantic driven by the SST anomalies—and with the subsequent structural change of the upper-tropospheric jet, which affects the propagation of Rossby waves in the North Atlantic. Conversely, the NAO response is almost negligible when the AMV anomalies are applied only to the extratropics, suggesting that the relevance of SST anomalies along the North Atlantic frontal zone may be overestimated.

Published
2015
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10. Pantropical climate interactions

Author

Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Cai, Wenju, Wu, Lixin, Lengaigne, Matthieu, Li, Tim, McGregor, Shayne, Kug, Jong-Seong, Yu, Jin-Yi, Stuecker, Malte F., Santoso, Agus, Li, Xichen, Ham, Yoo-Geun, Chikamoto, Yoshimitsu, Benjamin, Ng, McPhaden, Michael J., Du, Yan, Dommenget, Dietmar, Jia, Fan, Katjar, Jules B., Keenlyside, Noel, Lin, Xiaopei, Luo, Jing-Jia, Martín-Rey, Marta, Ruprich-Robert, Yohan, Wang, Guojian, Xie, Shang-Ping, Yang, Yun, Kang, Sarah M., Choi, Jun-Young, Ban, Golan, Kim, Geon-Il, Kim, Chang-Eun, Kim, Sunyoung, Kim, Jeong-Hwan, Chang, Ping, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Cai, Wenju, Wu, Lixin, Lengaigne, Matthieu, Li, Tim, McGregor, Shayne, Kug, Jong-Seong, Yu, Jin-Yi, Stuecker, Malte F., Santoso, Agus, Li, Xichen, Ham, Yoo-Geun, Chikamoto, Yoshimitsu, Benjamin, Ng, McPhaden, Michael J., Du, Yan, Dommenget, Dietmar, Jia, Fan, Katjar, Jules B., Keenlyside, Noel, Lin, Xiaopei, Luo, Jing-Jia, Martín-Rey, Marta, Ruprich-Robert, Yohan, Wang, Guojian, Xie, Shang-Ping, Yang, Yun, Kang, Sarah M., Choi, Jun-Young, Ban, Golan, Kim, Geon-Il, Kim, Chang-Eun, Kim, Sunyoung, Kim, Jeong-Hwan, and Chang, Ping

Abstract

Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. http://www.sciencemag.org/about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse This is an article distributed under the terms of the Science Journals Default License., The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which originates in the Pacific, is the strongestand most well-known mode of tropical climate variability. Its reach is global, and it canforce climate variations of the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans by perturbing the globalatmospheric circulation. Less appreciated is how the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceansaffect the Pacific. Especially noteworthy is the multidecadal Atlantic warming that began inthe late 1990s, because recent research suggests that it has influenced Indo-Pacificclimate, the character of the ENSO cycle, and the hiatus in global surface warming.Discovery of these pantropical interactions provides a pathway forward for improvingpredictions of climate variability in the current climate and for refining projections offuture climate under different anthropogenic forcing scenarios., W.C. is supportedby National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0605700).L.W., Xia.L., and B.G. are supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China (NSFC) projects (41490643,41490640, U1606402, and 41521091). W.C., G.W., B.N., and A.S.are supported by CSHOR and the Earth System and ClimateChange Hub of the Australian Government’sNationalEnvironment Science Program. CSHOR is a joint research Centrefor Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research between QNLM andCSIRO. M.L. is supported by the GOTHAM Belmont project(ANR-15-JCLI-0004-01) and the ARiSE ANR project. T.L. issupported by NSFC 41630423 and NSF AGS-1565653 grants.S.M. is supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC)through grant number FT160100162. J.-S.K. was supported bya National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant fundedby the Korea government (MSIT) (NRF-2018R1A5A1024958).J.-Y.Y. is supported by NSF AGS-1505145 and AGS-1833075grants. M.F.S is supported by the Institute for Basic Science(project code IBS-R028-D1). Y.-G.H. is funded by the KoreaMeteorological AdministrationResearchandDevelopmentProgram under grant KMI2018-03214. M.J.M is supported byNOAA and PMEL contribution number 4838. Y.D. is supportedby the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41525019,41830538, and 41521005) and the State Oceanic Administrationof China (GASI-IPOVAI-02). D.D. is supported by ARC grantnumber CE170100023. M.M.-R. has been supported by theMORDICUS grant under contract ANR-13-762 SENV-0002-01and CGL2017-86415-R. Y.R.-R. is supported by an 800154-INADEC individual MSCA-IF-EF-ST grant. S.-P.X. is supportedby the NSF. J.B.K. was supported by the National EnvironmentResearch Council (NE/N005783/1).Author contributions:The manuscript was written as a group effort during two“Pantropical interbasin climate interactions”workshops heldat Xiamen University and Jeju Island. All authors contributedto the manuscript preparation, interpretations, and thediscussions that led to the final figure design. W.C. and L.W, Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Published
2019

11. Pantropical climate interactions

Author

Marta Martín-Rey, Benjamin Ng, Yun Yang, Bolan Gan, Xiaopei Lin, Malte F. Stuecker, Guojian Wang, Jing-Jia Luo, Yan Du, Dietmar Dommenget, Noel Keenlyside, Wenju Cai, Fan Jia, Yoo-Geun Ham, Sarah M. Kang, Jeong-Hwan Kim, Agus Santoso, Ping Chang, Jun-Young Choi, Jules B. Kajtar, Tim Li, Jin-Yi Yu, Sun-Young Kim, Matthieu Lengaigne, Xichen Li, Geon-Il Kim, Shayne McGregor, Jong-Seong Kug, Michael J. McPhaden, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Lixin Wu, Chang Eun Kim, Shang-Ping Xie, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Climate Change Research Centre, ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New South Wales, Level 4 Matthews Bldg., Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia, Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University (USU), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Monash University [Clayton], University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, CAS Institute of Oceanology (IOCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences [Exeter] (EMPS), University of Exeter, Nansen-Tutu Center for Marine Environmental Research, University of Cape Town, Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster [Nanjing University] (KLME - NUIST), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), CSIC Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Climate, Atmospheric Science and Physical Oceanography Department [La Jolla] (CASPO), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), University of Regina, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), ANR-15-JCLI-0004,GOTHAM,Globally Observed Teleconnections and their role and representation in Hierarchies of Atmospheric Models(2015), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)

Subjects
Tropical interconnections, Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Degradació ambiental [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric circulation, Surface warming, Pantropical, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Forcing (mathematics), Tropical Atlantic, Hiatus, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, El Niño Current, 01 natural sciences, Tropical climate, 14. Life underwater, Ocean-atmosphere interaction, Climate variability, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atmospheric bridge, Climatology, Multidisciplinary, Climatic changes, Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), El Niño Southern Oscillation, Tropics -- Clima Meteorología, 13. Climate action, Climatologia, Environmental science, pantropic, Canvis climàtics
Abstract

12 pages, 5 figures, 1 box, The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which originates in the Pacific, is the strongest and most well-known mode of tropical climate variability. Its reach is global, and it can force climate variations of the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans by perturbing the global atmospheric circulation. Less appreciated is how the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans affect the Pacific. Especially noteworthy is the multidecadal Atlantic warming that began in the late 1990s, because recent research suggests that it has influenced Indo-Pacific climate, the character of the ENSO cycle, and the hiatus in global surface warming. Discovery of these pantropical interactions provides a pathway forward for improving predictions of climate variability in the current climate and for refining projections of future climate under different anthropogenic forcing scenarios, W.C. is supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0605700). L.W., Xia.L., and B.G. are supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) projects (41490643, 41490640, U1606402, and 41521091). W.C., G.W., B.N., and A.S. are supported by CSHOR and the Earth System and Climate Change Hub of the Australian Government’s National Environment Science Program. CSHOR is a joint research Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research between QNLM and CSIRO. M.L. is supported by the GOTHAM Belmont project (ANR-15-JCLI-0004-01) and the ARiSE ANR project. T.L. is supported by NSFC 41630423 and NSF AGS-1565653 grants. S.M. is supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through grant number FT160100162. J.-S.K. was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (NRF-2018R1A5A1024958). J.-Y.Y. is supported by NSF AGS-1505145 and AGS-1833075 grants. M.F.S is supported by the Institute for Basic Science (project code IBS-R028-D1). Y.-G.H. is funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under grant KMI2018-03214. M.J.M is supported by NOAA and PMEL contribution number 4838. Y.D. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41525019, 41830538, and 41521005) and the State Oceanic Administration of China (GASI-IPOVAI-02). D.D. is supported by ARC grant number CE170100023. M.M.-R. has been supported by the MORDICUS grant under contract ANR-13-762 SENV-0002-01 and CGL2017-86415-R. Y.R.-R. is supported by an 800154-INADEC individual MSCA-IF-EF-ST grant. S.-P.X. is supported by the NSF. J.B.K. was supported by the National Environment Research Council (NE/N005783/1)

Published
2019
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