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13. Cadmium Mobilization in Vivo by Intraperitoneal or Oral Administration of Monoalkyl Esters of meso-2, 3-Dmercaptosuccinic Acid in the Mouse.

Author

Jones, Mark M., Singh, Pramod K., Gale, Glen R., Smith, Alayne B., and Atkins, Loretta M.

Abstract

The relative activities of a series of nine monoalkyl esters of meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid have been examined as agents for the mobilization of cadmium from mice one week after intraperitoneal administration of cadmium chloride. Eight of these are newly synthetized; all are of the type ROOCCH(SH)CH(SH)COOH, were R=Me, MMDMS; R = C2H5, MEDMS; R = (CH2)2CH3, Mn-PDMS; R = CHMe2) Mi-PDMS; R = (CH2)3CH3, M n-BDMS; R = CH2CHMe2, M i-BDMS; R = (CH2)4CH3, Mn-ADMS; R=(CH2)2CHMe2, Mi-ADMS; and R = (CH2)5CH3, M n-HDMS. All are soluble in dilute sodium bicarbonate solutions and can be administered as aqueous solutions. Cadmium mobilization data were collected on each compound using mice previously loaded with cadmium; the monoesters were administered at a level of 0.40 mmol/kg intraperitoneally daily for five days. Data on whole body cadmium mobilization indicated that the monoester with the isoamyl group was the most effective under the conditions used. The relative whole body cadmium mobilization increased with the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of the monoester up to C5 and then decreased for the C6 compound. Cadmium removal from the kidneys and liver was also measured. It was found that the monoisoamyl ester was the most effective in removing cadmium from both the liver and the kidneys. The monoisoamyl ester also proved to be very effective in mobilizing cadmium from both the liver and the kidneys when given orally. This is the first compound which is reported capable of mobilizing cadmium in vivo from aged deposits after oral administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1992
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19. Relatedness of strains of methicillinresistant coagulasenegative Staphylococcuscolonizing hospital personnel and producing bacteremias in a neonatal intensive care unit

Author

PATRICK, CELESTE H., JOHN, JOSEPH F., LEVKOFF, ABNER H., and ATKINS, LORETTA M.

Abstract

The emergence of methicillinresistant coagulasenegativeStaphylococcusas a major bacterial pathogen in neonatal intensive care units has stimulated interest in the epidemiology of spread of the organism. During a 12month “epidemic” of bacteremias with methicillinresistant coagulasenegativeStaphylococcuswe compared the characteristics of bacteremic and personnel nasallycarried strains by traditional and biomolecular methods. Sixtytwo percent of neonatal intensive care unit nurses were colonized with methicillinresistant coagulasenegativeStaphylococcuswith similar speciation to bacteremic strains. Inspection of plasmid profiles revealed a moderate degree of similarity between bacteremic and colonizing strains although genomic DNA restriction patterns showed diversity. Ribotype patterns were highly conserved 90 in personnel strains. A 2.6kilobase plasmid DNA probe hybridized to similarly sized plasmids and larger plasmids in onehalf of the strains. We hypothesize that related methicillinresistant strains may be transferred among personnel and neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit. Epidemiologic studies of coagulasenegative staphylococci should consider multiple molecular techniques to relate strains.

Published
1992

20. Comparative Effects of Yoshi-864 and Busulfan on Certain Transplantable Murine Tumors1

Author

Gale, Glen R., Smith, Alayne B., and Atkins, Loretta M.

Abstract

Yoshi-864 extends markedly the survival times of mice bearing L1210 leukemia or Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Busulfan, with methanesulfonate leaving groups identical with those of Yoshi-864, is without effect. Tumor cells from mice bearing the Ehrlich tumor and treated with Yoshi-864 have a persistent reduction in ability to synthesize DNA. Synthesis of DNA in cells from mice treated with busulfan is moderately suppressed at 48 hr after treatment, but returns virtually to the control value at 72 hr.

Published
1975
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21. Antitumor Action of Dichloro (4,5–dimethyl–o–phenylenediamine–N,N') platinum (II)1

Author

Gale, Glen R., Atkins, Loretta M., Walker, Ernest M., Smith, Alayne B., and Meischen, Sandra J.

Abstract

Dichloro (4,5–dimethyl–o–phenyl–enediamine–N,N′)platinum (II) (DDPP) was synthesized by the reaction of 4,5–dimethyl–o–phenylenediamine with potassium tetrachlo–roplatinate. The resulting compound extended up to 176% the survival times of BALB/c mice bearing the Ehrlich ascites tumor and up to 74% the survival times of BDF1mice bearing the L1210 leukemia. In studies using Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vitro, DDPP was found to be a potent inhibitor of synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein; the concentrations which conferred 50% inhibition following 1.5 hr of incubation with the compound were 3 × 10-5to 5 × 10-5M. Inhibition of nucleic acid and protein synthesis in vitro, once established, was not ameliorated by washing the cells with fresh medium devoid of DDPP. Cellular DNA, RNA, and protein, each appropriately labeled with a radioisotopically labeled precursor, became more acid–soluble upon incubation of the cells in vitrowith DDPP. The rate of loss of viability of cells incubated in vitrowith DDPP, as assessed by the trypan blue exclusion method, was found to be considerably greater than the rate obtained upon incubation of cells with an equivalent concentration of cis–dichlorodiammineplatinum(II).

Published
1973
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25. Antileukemic Properties of Organoplatinum Complexes2

Author

Meischen, Sandra J., primary, Gale, Glen R., additional, Lake, Lanny M., additional, Frangakis, Crist J., additional, Rosenblum, Michael G., additional, Walker, Ernest M., additional, Atkins, Loretta M., additional, and Smith, Alayne B., additional

Published
1976
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