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1,405 results on '"Atkins, J."'

2. Combating Fentanyl: National Guard Physician Assistants on the Front Lines of America's War Against Synthetic Opioids

Author

Radi, Joshua K., Dent, Robert A., Allen, Cesar A., Anderson, Jeffrey A., Atkins, J. Brandon, and Schneider, Matthew

Subjects
United States. Drug Enforcement Administration, Military personnel -- Usage -- Health aspects, Drugs -- Overdose, Central nervous system depressants -- Usage, Fentanyl -- Usage, Covert operations -- Health aspects -- Usage, Weapons of mass destruction -- Usage -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Introduction During a personal interview, LTC Robert Dent, PA-C, a Weapons of Mass Destruction-Civil Support Team (WMD-CST) Physician Assistant (PA), provided the following perspective on synthetic opioids in America based [...]

Published
2023

4. A prospective RCT comparing combined chromoendoscopy with water exchange (CWE) vs water exchange (WE) vs air insufflation (AI) in adenoma detection in screening colonoscopy

Author

Leung, JW, Yen, AW, Jia, H, Opada, C, Melnik, A, Atkins, J, Feller, C, Wilson, and Leung, FW

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Cancer, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Digestive Diseases, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Adenoma, Aged, Air, Colon, Colonoscopy, Colorectal Neoplasms, Coloring Agents, Early Detection of Cancer, Female, Humans, Indigo Carmine, Insufflation, Intestinal Mucosa, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, United States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Water, Adenoma detection, chromoendoscopy, screening colonoscopy, sessile serrated lesions, water exchange, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundA low adenoma detection rate (ADR) increases risks of interval cancers (ICs). Proximal colon flat polyps, e.g. serrated lesions (SLs), are difficult to find. Missed proximal colon flat lesions likely contribute to IC.AimsWe compared chromoendoscopy with water exchange (CWE), water exchange (WE) and air insufflation (AI) in detecting adenomas in screening colonoscopy.MethodsAfter split-dose preparation, 480 veterans were randomized to AI, WE and CWE.ResultsPrimary outcome of proximal ADR (55.6% vs 53.4% vs 52.2%, respectively) were similar in all groups. Adenoma per colonoscopy (APC) and adenoma per positive colonoscopy (APPC) were comparable. Detection rate of proximal colon SLs was significantly higher for CWE and WE than AI (26.3%, 23.6% and 11.3%, respectively, p = 0.002). Limitations: single operator; SLs only surrogate markers of but not IC.ConclusionsWhen an endoscopist achieves high-quality AI examinations with overall ADR twice (61.6%) the recommended standard (30%), use of WE and CWE does not produce further improvement in proximal or overall ADR. Comparable APC and APPC confirm equivalent withdrawal inspection techniques. WE alone is sufficient to significantly improve detection of proximal SLs. The impact of increased detection of proximal SLs by WE on prevention of IC deserves to be studied. This study is registered at ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT#01607255).

Published
2019

7. Natural capital accounting and biodiversity in the Italian winemaking industry

Author

Lange, Y, Maroun, W, van Zijl, W, Lieberman, M, Ecim, D, Houdet, J, Jonäll, K, Schadewitz, H, Rimmel, G, Doni F, Corvino, A, Bianchi Martini, S, Macpherson, M, Barone, E, Atkins, J, Delso, NS, Haefeker W, Longing, S, Kelly, B, Doni, F, Lange, Y, Maroun, W, van Zijl, W, Lieberman, M, Ecim, D, Houdet, J, Jonäll, K, Schadewitz, H, Rimmel, G, Doni F, Corvino, A, Bianchi Martini, S, Macpherson, M, Barone, E, Atkins, J, Delso, NS, Haefeker W, Longing, S, Kelly, B, and Doni, F

Abstract

Biodiversity is becoming a critical aspect of the ‘environmental’ dimension of environmental, social and governance (ESG) standards governing corporate behaviour. Biodiversity is a precondition for the effective functioning of ecosystems and ultimately for sustaining life on Earth. Biodiversity loss leads to simplification, decline and the progressive disappearance of life. The United Nations highlighted safeguarding biodiversity as Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 15 of the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The importance of biodiversity has been recognised at both global (e.g. the impact of the: Final Report – the Economics of Biodiversity. The Dasgupta Review (https://www .gov .uk /government /publications /final -report -the -economics -of -biodiversity -the -dasgupta -review)) and European levels (e.g. the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 (https://environment .ec .europa .eu /strategy / biodiversity -strategy -2030 en)). This chapter first introduces the Italian winemaking sector. It then discusses how biodiversity is defined in the winemaking sector. The chapter goes on to analyse a range of reports on sustainability and biodiversity produced by a sample of leading Italian winemaking companies. It then discusses a particular case study of Cantine Teanum, a family-run small-medium enterprise (SME) situated in the Apulia Region, using detailed qualitative analysis.

Published
2024

8. Reading tea leaves worldwide: Decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass‐loss rate and stabilization

Author

Sarneel, J., Hefting, M., Sandén, T., van den Hoogen, J., Routh, D., Adhikari, B., Alatalo, J., Aleksanyan, A., Althuizen, I., Alsafran, M., Atkins, J., Augusto, L., Aurela, M., Azarov, A., Barrio, I., Beier, C., Bejarano, M., Benham, S., Berg, B., Bezler, N., Björnsdóttir, K., Bolinder, M., Carbognani, M., Cazzolla Gatti, R., Chelli, S., Chistotin, M., Christiansen, C., Courtois, P., Crowther, T., Dechoum, M., Djukic, I., Duddigan, S., Egerton‐Warburton, L., Fanin, N., Fantappiè, M., Fares, S., Fernandes, G., Filippova, N., Fliessbach, A., Fuentes, D., Godoy, R., Grünwald, T., Guzmán, G., Hawes, J., He, Y., Hero, J.‐M., Hess, L., Hogendoorn, K., Høye, T., Jans, W., Jónsdóttir, I., Keller, S., Kepfer‐Rojas, S., Kuz'menko, N., Larsen, K., Laudon, H., Lembrechts, J., Li, J., Limousin, J.‐M., Lukin, S., Marques, R., Marín, C., McDaniel, M., Meek, Q., Merzlaya, G., Michelsen, A., Montagnani, L., Mueller, P., Murugan, R., Myers‐Smith, I., Nolte, S., Ochoa‐Hueso, R., Okafor, B., Okorkov, V., Onipchenko, V., Orozco, M., Parkhurst, T., Peres, C., Petit Bon, M., Petraglia, A., Pingel, M., Rebmann, C., Scheffers, B., Schmidt, I., Scholes, M., Sheffer, E., Shevtsova, L., Smith, S., Sofo, A., Stevenson, P., Strouhalová, B., Sundsdal, A., Sühs, R., Tamene, G., Thomas, H., Tolunay, D., Tomaselli, M., Tresch, S., Tucker, D., Ulyshen, M., Valdecantos, A., Vandvik, V., Vanguelova, E., Verheyen, K., Wang, X., Yahdjian, L., Yumashev, X., Keuskamp, J., Sarneel, J., Hefting, M., Sandén, T., van den Hoogen, J., Routh, D., Adhikari, B., Alatalo, J., Aleksanyan, A., Althuizen, I., Alsafran, M., Atkins, J., Augusto, L., Aurela, M., Azarov, A., Barrio, I., Beier, C., Bejarano, M., Benham, S., Berg, B., Bezler, N., Björnsdóttir, K., Bolinder, M., Carbognani, M., Cazzolla Gatti, R., Chelli, S., Chistotin, M., Christiansen, C., Courtois, P., Crowther, T., Dechoum, M., Djukic, I., Duddigan, S., Egerton‐Warburton, L., Fanin, N., Fantappiè, M., Fares, S., Fernandes, G., Filippova, N., Fliessbach, A., Fuentes, D., Godoy, R., Grünwald, T., Guzmán, G., Hawes, J., He, Y., Hero, J.‐M., Hess, L., Hogendoorn, K., Høye, T., Jans, W., Jónsdóttir, I., Keller, S., Kepfer‐Rojas, S., Kuz'menko, N., Larsen, K., Laudon, H., Lembrechts, J., Li, J., Limousin, J.‐M., Lukin, S., Marques, R., Marín, C., McDaniel, M., Meek, Q., Merzlaya, G., Michelsen, A., Montagnani, L., Mueller, P., Murugan, R., Myers‐Smith, I., Nolte, S., Ochoa‐Hueso, R., Okafor, B., Okorkov, V., Onipchenko, V., Orozco, M., Parkhurst, T., Peres, C., Petit Bon, M., Petraglia, A., Pingel, M., Rebmann, C., Scheffers, B., Schmidt, I., Scholes, M., Sheffer, E., Shevtsova, L., Smith, S., Sofo, A., Stevenson, P., Strouhalová, B., Sundsdal, A., Sühs, R., Tamene, G., Thomas, H., Tolunay, D., Tomaselli, M., Tresch, S., Tucker, D., Ulyshen, M., Valdecantos, A., Vandvik, V., Vanguelova, E., Verheyen, K., Wang, X., Yahdjian, L., Yumashev, X., and Keuskamp, J.

Abstract

The breakdown of plant material fuels soil functioning and biodiversity. Currently, process understanding of global decomposition patterns and the drivers of such patterns are hampered by the lack of coherent large-scale datasets. We buried 36,000 individual litterbags (tea bags) worldwide and found an overall negative correlation between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization factors of plant-derived carbon, using the Tea Bag Index (TBI). The stabilization factor quantifies the degree to which easy-to-degrade components accumulate during early-stage decomposition (e.g. by environmental limitations). However, agriculture and an interaction between moisture and temperature led to a decoupling between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization, notably in colder locations. Using TBI improved mass-loss estimates of natural litter compared to models that ignored stabilization. Ignoring the transformation of dead plant material to more recalcitrant substances during early-stage decomposition, and the environmental control of this transformation, could overestimate carbon losses during early decomposition in carbon cycle models.

Published
2024
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10. Body composition, dietary patterns, cardiovascular disease and mortality in older age

Author

Atkins, J. L., Wannamethee, S. G., Whincup, P. H., and Morris, R. W.

Subjects
362.1
Abstract

Obesity and poor quality diet are major interrelated risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, which are well established in middle-aged populations. However, there is controversy on the effects of obesity on CVD and mortality in the elderly. Since body composition changes with age (visceral fat increases and muscle mass decreases) it may be important to also account for muscle mass in the elderly. However, few studies have examined the combined effects of adiposity and sarcopenia (low muscle mass) on CVD risk and mortality in the elderly. There is also a paucity of data on the associations between dietary patterns and CVD risk and mortality in older age. This thesis uses the British Regional Heart Study, a population based prospective cohort of men, to investigate the impact of body composition (obesity and sarcopenia) and dietary patterns on the risk of cardiovascular endpoints and all-cause mortality in older age (60-79 years). The main findings are that sarcopenic men (defined using mid-arm muscle circumference) and obese men (defined using waist circumference) had a significantly increased risk of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality. Men with both sarcopenia and obesity showed the highest all-cause mortality risk, and also an increased CVD mortality risk although non-significant. Adherence to an a priori defined dietary pattern (the Elderly Dietary Index, a modified Mediterranean-style diet) was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality. Adherence to a 'high fat/low fibre' diet, identified by principal component analysis, was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality but not CVD mortality. Adherence to a 'high sugar' diet was associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) events and CVD events. Body composition and dietary patterns are therefore important risk factors for CVD and all-cause mortality which persist in older age.

Published
2016

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