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Background: Preoperative knowledge of the presence of major venous anomalies facilitates the safe performance of aortic surgery. The purpose of the study was to estimate the incidence, as detected by abdominal computed tomography (CT), of major left renal vein anomalies related to the abdominal aorta in an adult population. Material and Methods: Seven hundred and fifty abdominal CT examinations were reviewed retrospectively for the presence of left renal vein anomalies. Eleven CT scans were excluded from the study because of technical or patient- -related factors. The course of the left renal vein was assessed on the CT slices to detect any anomalies. Results: Left renal vein anomaly was detected in 23 (3.1%) of 739 cases. Seventeen (2.3%) of them were a retro-aortic, and six (0.8%) of them were a circumaortic left renal vein. Conclusions: It is important to detect left renal vein anomalies before retroperitoneal surgery or interventional procedures. These anomalies can be identified in routine abdominal CT examinations with a careful inspection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical symptoms caused by the elongated styloid process (SP) or calcified stylohyoid ligament were first described by W. Eagle and they are now known as Eagle syndrome (ES). Normal length of SP was stated by Eagle as 2.5 cm. The objective of this study was to determine and discuss the length of SP and medial angulation degree with computed tomography (CT), which is an affective modality in the identification of ES, and a comparison with related studies. Three-dimensional (3D) images obtained from the axial CT scans of 22 cases (11 males and 11 females) aged between 24 and 80 years, who referred to Cumhuriyet University Hospital, Department of Radiology for multi slice CT with the pre-diagnosis of ES, were used. Lengths of the SP and medial angulations were measured on the obtained images. Inter- and intra-group comparisons were carried out using Wilcoxan and Mann-Whitney U tests. The mean length of the SP was found as 4.1 ± 1.1 cm. When inter- and intra-group lengths of the right and left SP were compared, the difference was not significant (p 〉 0.05). The mean medial angulation of the SP was found as 67.5 ± 5.1°. There was a significant difference found between the right side medial angulation and left side medial angulation in all persons (p 〈 0.05). Lengths of the right and left SP of the patients with pre-diagnosis of ES were close to each other. However, the right-side angulation was observed to be smaller than the left medial angulation in all the patients. Similarly, right side medial angulation of the females was smaller than the left side medial angulation, but this difference was absent in the males. Eagle syndrome should be kept in mind in patients with a sore throat radiating to the ears with swallowing and an observed non-compliance between the complaints such as feeling a foreign body in the throat and facial pain, and physical examination of those who do not have a response to long-term medical therapy should be performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS) is a clinical syndrome that causes different clinical symptoms and is defined by volume decrement in one cerebral hemisphere. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the involvement of the normal-appearing contralateral hemisphere in 16 pediatric patients with DDMS using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)., Materials and Methods: Brain MRIs were retrospectively reviewed between January 2014 and January 2023. Sixteen pediatric patients radiologically compatible with DDMS were included in the study. Sixteen children who had undergone brain MRI, most commonly for headaches and whose MRI findings had been completely normal, were included as the control group. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the deep gray and white matter of the normal-appearing hemisphere in the patient group were calculated and compared with that of the control group., Results: The ADC values of the gray and white matters of the patient and control groups were not statistically different. However, in the patient group, the ADC values of the gray and white matters in males were remarkably lower than in females (p = 0.038, p = 0.037, respectively)., Conclusion: The difference in the ADC values of the contralateral hemisphere between females and males in the patient group suggests that the normal-appearing hemisphere may have been affected by DDMS. Although, the exact mechanism of this effect is not known. Therefore, in patients with DDMS, contralateral hemisphere involvement in cerebral hemiatrophy and hemispherectomy should be evaluated clinically and radiologically., (© 2024. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Belgian Neurological Society.)

Objective: Our study determined the impact of 12-week aerobic exercise (AE) and aerobic + resistance exercises (AE + RE) within the green exercise concept, on senior fitness, aerobic capacity, and intrinsic capacity (IC)., Methods: The study was a multicenter, randomized controlled study conducted at two senior living facilities with individuals aged 65 and above whose cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal conditions are suitable for moderate exercise and who have normal cognition levels. Block randomization was applied to 96 participants in a ratio of 1:1:1 to be assigned to AE, AE + RE, and control (C) groups. Intervention groups received exercise sessions led by physiotherapists within the senior living facilitiy gardens, with a frequency of once a week for 50 min, for 12 weeks. Also, they were prescribed additional exercise sessions on two additional days of the week. At the commencement of the study and 12th week, shuttle walking test, senior fitness test (SFT), intrinsic capacity assessment (with Timed Up and Go test, Mini Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, Mini Nutritional Assessment, handgrip strength test) was conducted of all participants. The primary outcome was the Z score of IC, secondary outcomes were VO 2max and SFT subparameters. The study was registered in the Protocol Registry and Results System (Clinicaltrials.gov PRS) with the registration number NCT05958745., Results: 90 participants successfully completed the study, with 30 individuals in each of the AE, AE + RE, and C groups. By the end of the 12th week, the arm curl score was significantly higher in the AE + RE compared to the C (mean difference: 3.96, 95 % CI= 2.47 to 5.46, p = 0.01). There were significant differences in chair stand, two-minute step, 8-foot up-and-go, chair sit and reach, and back scratch tests in both AE and AE + RE compared to C. AE and AE + RE exhibited significantly higher shuttle test distances and VO 2max values compared to the C (p < 0.0001). AE + RE achieved a significantly higher total IC score than the C (mean difference: 0.59, %95 CI= -0.07 to 1.26, p = 0.025)., Conclusion: In this study within the green exercise concept, both AE and AE + RE led to similar improvements in strength, flexibility, mobility, endurance, and aerobic capacity. Notably, AE + RE demonstrated an additional benefit by increasing the total IC, while AE alone did not exhibit the same effect., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The anatomical structure of the temporal bone is quite complex. There are a great number of anatomical variations that are often confused with temporal bone pathologies, especially fractures. It is important that radiologists and surgeons be able to recognize such variations.

Objective: To compare the value of chest computed tomography at 1-mm and 5-mm slice thickness in terms of computed tomography severity score and computed tomography evaluation time in the diagnosis of COVID-19., Material and Methods: Sixty-five patients were included in the study group who are reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-positive for COVID-19 and had chest computed tomography. The 1 mm and 5 mm reconstructed images were evaluated in 2 different sessions with 4-week intervals by 2 certificated general radiologists. The presence of COVID-19-related findings, COVID-19 final category, and evaluation time were recorded. Thin and thick slices were compared for these variables and inter-reader reliability calculated with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows., Results: There was no significant difference between the COVID-19-related findings on thorax computed tomography between 1-mm and 5-mm slices except crazy paving appearance, microvascular enlargement, and septal thickening. The frequency of the final categories of computed tomography results was consistent between the thick and thin slices. The computed tomography assessment time was significantly lower in 5 mm slices. The inter-reader reproducibility analysis results demonstrated good and excellent reproducibility of measurements between readers for both slice thicknesses., Conclusion: It was found that 5-mm reconstruction thickness of chest computed tomography can be employed for the initial detection of COVID-19-related findings and the final diagnostic category-related COVID-19 rather than 1-mm slices with a faster availability of results which can be beneficial on pandemic hospitals.

Hydatic cyst is a crucial and prevalent parasitic disease in the developing countries in the Mediterranean region. Its diagnosis is sometimes problematic because of non-specific complaints and unavailability of any positive results in a routine laboratory analysis. Isolated renal hydatid cysts are very rare. In this study, a primary left renal hydatid cyst which was found in a 12-year-old boy was presented. He was referred by another hospital to our department with a flank pain and cystic mass in left kidney. Indirect haemagglutination test (IHA) for Echinococcus was negative. Nephrectomy was performed with the diagnosis of renal cyst hydatic. Renal cyst hydatid may present with various clinical findings ranging from asymptomatic clinical course to total loss in renal function. It will be beneficial to consider a renal hydatid cyst in patients with blurred flank pain, even if IHA is negative.

Also known as the sliver of liver, beaver tail liver is an anatomic variation of the liver where its left lobe extends laterally to contact and enclose the spleen. Hepatic parenchyma is normal. It may be difficult to distinguish the two organs from each other when both have equal echogenicity or density in ultrasonography and computed tomography. Therefore, it may mimic a splenic trauma or a perisplenic hemorrhage or subcapsular hematoma within the splenic parenchyma.

Introduction: Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is characterized by bladder distension without urinary tract obstruction, decreased or absent intestinal peristalsis and microcolon. Although the definitive cause remains unknown, changes in the ACTG2 gene are thought to be responsible for the intestinal and bladder hypoperistalsis., Case Report: This female newborn with MMIHS had a c.532C>A /p.Arg178Ser heterozygous de novo mutation detected in the ACTG2 gene. Normal immature ganglion cells, normal calretinin punctate positivity, maintence of smooth muscle actin immunoreactivity, and decreased numbers of interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs) were detected., Conclusion: This previously unreported c.532C>A /p.Arg178Ser heterozygous de novo mutation in the ACTG2 gene may lead to a severe form of MMIHS.

Introduction: Frequent and broad application of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in parallel with experience makes it imperative to know the anatomy and the existing pathology very well before surgery. This study examines the association between anomalies in the sphenoid sinus area in paranasal sinuses computed tomography (PNS-CT) and pathological findings and determines variations of sphenoid sinus., Methods: A total of 200 cases (100 women, 100 men) who had PNS-CT in the emergency and radiology polyclinics within the period of one year were included in this study. Bone tissue anomalies and soft tissue pathologies were assessed in the CT., Results: Pterygoid process was found in 36.75% of our cases, anterior clinoid pneumatization was found in 21.25%; vidian canal in 34.25%, foramen rotundum in 17.5% and ICA in 12.75% had protrusion into the sphenoid sinus; 8.25% were found to have onodi cell, 11.25% were found to have multiple septation, 16.75% were found to have mucosal thickening and 2.5% were found to have retention cyst., Conclusion: The importance of PNS-CT in terms of determining anatomic variations before ESC and predicting possible complications during surgery has been emphasized once more. In our study, as sphenoid sinus pneumatization increased, the projection of neighbouring vein and nerve structures into the sinus was found to increase as well.

Background: In this retrospective review of patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (FD), the clinical and radiological findings of CT and MR scan were analyzed., Material/methods: The study material included 32 patients, at 9 to 68 years of age that were directed for differential diagnostics of several disorders in the head. We recorded CT and MRI data related to the lesion number, location, sidedness, appearance, and sex of the cases with craniofacial FD., Results: Of 32 patients involved in this study, 17 had monostotic and 15 had polyostotic involvement pattern. Bones most commonly involved by monostotic involvement in females were, in descending order, mandibular, maxillary, and sphenoid bones, while the sphenoid bone was involved the most in males. Leontiasis ossea was observed in 2 patients. Sclerotic and mixed lesion types were more common in both females and males. In T1- and T2-weighted MRI sequences, hypointensity was more common compared to hyperintensity or heterogeneous intensity. The type of enhancement of lesions was found similar after contrast medium administration., Conclusions: In the presence of craniofacial FD during CT or MRI imaging of the head, a detailed description of FD lesions may provide an important clinical benefit by increasing radiological experience during the diagnostics of this rare disorder.

Radiological practice includes classification of illnesses with similar characteristics through recognizable signs. In this report, twenty-eight important and frequently seen neuroradiological signs in childhood are presented and described using X-rays, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) images, illustrations and photographs.

Objective: Fourteen brain death cases diagnosed in Mart 2012-May 2013 period in Tokat State Hospital were studied retrospectively. CT angiography experience about those cases was shared, and use of CT angiography in confirmation of brain death was discussed., Material and Methods: All 14 cases were patients on mechanical ventilator, who did not respond to medical and surgical treatments at intensive care unit and were diagnosed clinically with brain death. All of these patients had CT angiography as a confirmatory test using a 4-slice CT scanner in Radiology department in Tokat State Hospital., Findings: Six of the patients were female and eight were male. All of them were referred from intensive care unit and had clinical brain death diagnosis before CT angiography. In the evaluation of CTA, four-point scoring involving opacification loss in both ICVs and cortical segments of MCA was used. CTA examinations confirmed brain death diagnoses in all patients who had clinical brain death diagnoses, and no confliction between CTA findings and clinical diagnoses was observed., Conclusion: Demonstrating the lack of cerebral circulation is a necessity for confirmation of brain death diagnosis. While conventional angiography remains the standard method, CTA emerged as an alternative method. In parallel to increase in prevalence of organ implants, CTA, a fast and efficient method, has been increasingly used in confirmation of brain death diagnoses.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect age-related changes on the MRI-based parameters related to several measurement of temporal lobe in the lifespan of adult persons. MRI scans of head (n=236) were reviewed retrospectively to identify abnormalities of temporal lobe, third ventricle, and temporal horn of lateral ventricle. Patients were divided into 3 study groups according to their age. Using axial and coronal views of the cerebral hemispheres, interuncal distance, thickness of temporal lobe, Evans' ratio, and the width of third ventricle, height of hippocampus, width of choroid fissure, and width of the temporal horn were measured. The mean age of study group was 44.2±17.7 (18 to 86). The gender ratio (F/M) of study group was 129/107. There is mild-moderate significant correlation between age and Evans' ratio (r=0.35, p<0.05). There is mild significant correlation between age and interuncal distances (r=0.24, p<0.05). There was no correlation between age and third ventricle widths, temporal lobe widths, and temporal horn widths of left and right sides of brain (p>0.05). A mild and significant correlation was present between these variables (r=0.14 and r=0.17, respectively; p<0.05). There was a mild and significant correlation between these variables. (r=-0.14 and r=-0.19, respectively; p<0.05). Although several parameters including our measurements were developed for the assessment of size and structure of temporal lobe. It is not ease to determine MRI-based markers for the prediction, diagnosis, and follow-up of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in the elderly.

Background: We investigated the changes in the values of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and Doppler index measurements in the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and hemodialysis (HD) patients., Material and Methods: Twenty outpatients on HD (mean age 46.1 ± 16.4), 27 outpatients on PD (mean age 45 ± 12.4), and 26 normotensive outpatients with ADPKD (mean age 52.4 ± 16.7) as the case groups and 21 healthy subjects (mean age 48.4 ± 7.2), as the control group, were included. The participants underwent ultrasonography of the common, right, and left carotid arteries for the IMT and Doppler flow measurements., Results: Overall, compared to the normal group, in the study groups, the IMT and peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were significantly higher in common carotid arteries; however, their differences were not meaningful in internal carotid arteries (p<0.05)., Conclusions: Overall, ADPKD, PD, and HD increase the IMT, PSV, EDV, RI, and PI values of CCA; however, their effect considerable less on the study parameters of ICA. There is no considerable difference among the effects of ADPKD, HD, and PD on the study parameters. Of CKD patients during the first diagnostic and follow-up workups, the measurements of carotid IMT and Doppler indices may provide valuable data for improving success of the clinical management.

Aim: We encountered no study conducted on the evaluation of prevertebral soft tissue (PVST) thickness by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during our literature search. Measuring PVST thickness by MRI in the cervical region of adult cases was aimed in the present retrospective study., Material and Methods: For the intended purpose, a total of 136 patients, composed of both males and females, with ages ranging from 20 to 69 years, in whom no pathology in the cervical prevertebral region was revealed by MRI modality implemented for various reasons, were included in the study., Results: The upper limit of normal for PVST thickness was measured in our study to be 10 mm, 7 mm and 20 mm at C1, C2-C3 and C6-C7 vertebral levels, respectively. The least variation in the measurements and standard deviations were obtained at C3-C4 vertebral levels. Upon making a comparison between the measured PVST thicknesses on the basis of gender, the measurements at C2,C4 and C7 were found to display significant difference, whereas that was not the case for the measurements obtained at the other levels., Conclusion: Progressively widespread use of MRI for the traumas inflicting the cervical region makes it obligatory to specify normal values for the thickness of PVST measured by MRI.

Fenestration of the internal jugular vein is a rare malformation. Herein, the authors describe an extreme fenestration of the left internal jugular vein. This anomaly was found incidentally in a 47-year-old male patient undergoing multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging and MDCT angiography evaluation for vertebral artery injury due to cervical trauma. MDCT angiography showed the presence of an extremely large fenestration in the left internal jugular vein.

Primary malignant melanoma of the nose and paranasal sinus mucosa is a rare disease and seen in less than 1% among all melanomas. Malignant melanomas have 2 origins: cutaneous and mucosal. The mucosal form has a worse prognosis because of its aggressiveness compared with that of the cutaneous form. Mucosal melanomas often occur at a rate of 2% to 3% among all melanomas and are typically found in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Generally, it is more common in males and in those older than 50 years. In this study, 4 patients were observed at the Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine; 2 of them were a 64-year-old man and an 82-year-old woman who had a malignant melanoma originating from the nasal septal mucosa, 1 patient was a 72-year-old woman whose malignant melanoma originated from the inferior turbinate, and 1 patient was a 77-year-old woman with a sinonasally located melanoma. The conditions of these patients were discussed under the light of literature instructions.

This article presents a case with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) and an elongated styloid process. Basal cell carcinoma syndrome, also known as Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, is an autosomal dominant inherited syndrome manifested by multiple defects involving the skin, nervous system, eyes, endocrine system, and bones. Elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament cause craniofacial or cervical pain. The actual cause of elongation of the styloid process or the calcification of the stylohyoid ligament is unclear. The cause of elongation of styloid process in this case may be the calcification induced by NBCCS. This report is the first case presentation of NBCCS with elongated styloid process. Elongated styloid process might be described as an anomaly of an NBCCS.

A 15-years-old male was presented with hyperemic and painful right flank mass. His medical history was consisted of a treatment for pneumonia and hemoptysis in the other hospital five months ago. Diagnostic X-rays was showed consolidation in the posterobasal segment of right pulmonary lobe and abscess in the paravertebral muscle extending from L4-5 level. The patient was discharged after antibiotic treatment. At the second hospitalization, a grass inflorescence was discharged from the fistula. When the patient was reevaluated his history was consisted of the aspiration of a grass inflorescence eight months ago. To our knowledge, this patient represents the first case of penetration by a grass inflorescence migrated out of the lumbar region.

Background: The presence of a vermiform appendix in an inguinal hernial sac is termed Amyand's hernia. It may present as a tender inguinal or inguinoscrotal swelling, and it is often misdiagnosed as an incarcerated or strangulated hernia., Methods: Between 1998 and 2006, we have managed 564 patients with acute appendicitis, 1,090 patients with inguinal hernia, 33 patients with incarcerated inguinal hernia, and 12 patients with Amyand's hernia on our pediatric surgery service. A retrospective analysis of clinical data of these patients with Amyand's hernia was performed., Results: All patients with Amyand's hernia were boys with a median age of 40 days (range, 15 days-14 months). One patient's condition was diagnosed pre-operatively. All of them, therefore, underwent emergency operation with a presumptive diagnosis of either incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia. Operative findings included 2 normal appendices, 6 inflamed appendices, and 4 appendices with external signs of serosal inflamation of uncertain significaince in the inguinal hernial sac. Two patients with a normal appendix had hernia repair without an appendectomy. The other 10 patients with an abnormal appendix underwent an emergency open appendectomy with repair of the inguinal hernia. None of the patients developed recurrent hernia. The median postoperative follow-up period was 2.5 years., Conclusion: In pediatric patients with Amyand's hernia, the inflammatory status of the appendix can be used to determine the type of hernia repair and the operative approach. Incidental appendectomy in the case of a normal appendix is not favored by us. Treatment includes appendectomy (via the hernia sac) and hernia repair in children with an inflamed appendix., (Copyright (c) 2010 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy is characterized by bilateral necrotic, hemorrhagic lesions which occur symmetrically in the thalami, dorsal brainstem and dentate nuclei. Development of an extensive breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in the prominent lesions of acute necrotizing encephalopathy was demonstrated in a seven-month-old boy with the disorder, within 14 h after hospitalization by an initially negative post-contrast CT scan, and subsequently positive post-contrast T1-weighted MRI. Diffusion MRI demonstrated concomitant cytotoxic and vasogenic edema in the lesions. By the fortieth day, the lesions apparently regressed with remaining hemorrhagic material in the thalami.

Human Echinococcus infection still remains an important health problem in endemic regions. Primary musculoskeletal Echinococcus infection is very rare without involving the thoracic and abdominal organs. There has been no reported case of intermuscular hydatid cyst in the very early ages of childhood. Here we report a case of a 4-year-old girl with a primary intermuscular hydatid cyst in the left thigh. It was localized between the adductor muscles and iliopsoas muscle. It was removed without destroying the cyst wall and there were no complications. Hydatid cyst should be considered especially in the endemic areas when evaluating cystic masses. Hydatid cyst can be treated by operation.

Air embolism is known to be a complicating factor in several clinical settings, including thoracic, cardiovascular and neurosurgical operations, central line placement, penetrating thoracic and cranial trauma and haemodialysis. Computed tomography (CT) is useful for showing cerebral air embolism. However, CT demonstration of massive air in all of the major cerebral arteries is extremely rare. In this report, we present a 45-year-old woman with cerebrovascular pneumoangiogram on postmortem CT examination after an unsuccessful posttraumatic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and discuss the possible mechanisms of pneumoangiogram.

Advances in perinatal monitoring and early treatment for hyperbilirubinemia in high-risk patients have greatly reduced the incidence of kernicterus. Findings on MRI in patients with kernicterus are characteristic. The most characteristic pattern of neuropathological lesions in kernicterus is symmetric and highly selective involvement of the basal ganglia. In this study, we report the MRI findings in 2 infants with clinical and laboratory evidence of kernicterus.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ADEM is an uncommon inflammatory disease of the central nervous system and can be defined strictly as scattered focal or multifocal disseminated inflammation of brain or spinal cord, or both. An ADEM usually reveals patchy demyelinated lesions with a high signal on T2-weighted sequences. Here, we report a case of a 39-year-old man with ADEM. Echo-planar trace diffusion magnetic resonance imaging revealed high signal intensity changes at the lesion sites on b=1000 s/mm2 images, initially suggesting restricted diffusion. On corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient ADC maps, however, the lesions have a high signal intensity and high ADC values, compared with the normal white matter. This was consistent with the presence of elevated diffusion, and hence, vasogenic edema.

Purpose: In this prospective study we aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) in hemodynamically stable children after blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) using computed tomography (CT) as the gold standard., Materials and Methods: Between 1997 and 2001, 96 children with BAT were evaluated prospectively. CT was performed first, followed by US. US and CT examinations were independently evaluated by two radiologists for free fluid and organ injury. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and overall accuracy of US were assessed regarding CT as the gold standard., Results: Overall 128 organ injuries were determined in 96 patients with CT; however, 20 (15.6%) of them could not be seen with US. Free intraabdominal fluid (FIF) was seen in 82 of 96 patients by CT (85.4%) and eight of them (9.7%) could not be seen by US. We found that sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and overall accuracy of the US for free intra-abdominal fluid were 90.2, 100, 100, 63.6 and 91.7%, respectively., Conclusions: US for BAT in children is highly accurate and specific. It is highly sensitive in detecting liver, spleen and kidney injuries whereas its sensitivity is moderate for the detection of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and pancreatic injuries.