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Abstract Introduction COVID-19 Related Acute Respiratory Syndrome (C-ARDS) is characterized by a mismatch between respiratory mechanics and hypoxemia, suggesting increased dead-space fraction (DSF). Prone position is a cornerstone treatment of ARDS under invasive mechanical ventilation reducing mortality. We sought to investigate the impact of prone position on DSF in C-ARDS in a cohort of patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods we retrospectively analysed data from 85 invasively mechanically ventilated patients with C-ARDS in supine and in prone positions, hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit (Reims University Hospital), between November, 1st 2020 and November, 1st 2022. DSF was estimated via 3 formulas usable at patients’ bedside, based on partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2). Results there was no difference of DSF between supine and prone position, using the 3 formulas. According to Enghoff, Frankenfield and Gattinoni equations, DSF in supine vs. prone position was in median respectively [IQR]: 0.29 [0.13–0.45] vs. 0.31 [0.19–0.51] (p = 0.37), 0.5 [0.48–0.52] vs. 0.51 [0.49–0.53] (p = 0.43), and 0.71 [0.55–0.87] vs. 0.69 [0.57–0.81], (p = 0.32). Conclusion prone position did not change DSF in C-ARDS.

This paper is about a typical mistake in the calculation of standard deviation of measurements in cases in which there are no differences among repetitious replicates. Some students believe the standard deviation in those case is equal to zero. So, this mistake leaves to a paradox: worse balance should show better results (i.e. standard deviation equal to zero). The solution of this simple, but important situation is shown. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v12i2.1466

Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) is one of the most lucrative fisheries on the United States (U.S.) west coast. There have been large spatial and temporal fluctuations in catch, which reflect the interconnected influences of the coupled natural-human fishery system. Changing ocean conditions are likely to further alter the magnitude and distribution of Dungeness crab catch, the impacts of which will propagate ecologically and through the social systems of fishing communities. Therefore, the effect of changing ocean conditions on U.S. west coast Dungeness crab catch per unit effort (CPUE) was used as an interdisciplinary case study to examine the susceptibility, a metric that integrates Dungeness crab reliance and social vulnerability indices, of coastal communities to changes in the fishery. Statistical models indicated that ocean conditions influence commercial CPUE 3–5 years later and that CPUE is likely to decline in the future as ocean conditions change. In particular, sea surface temperature scenarios for 2080 (+1.7 and +2.8°C) reduced Dungeness crab CPUE by 30–100%, depending on fishing port latitude. Declines in Dungeness crab CPUE were greater for southern port communities than for northern port communities under both scenarios – demonstrating greater exposure at the southern end of the species range. We show that U.S. west coast communities are differentially susceptible to a decline in Dungeness crab catch, with Washington communities being at least five times more susceptible than California communities. Our overall assessment showed varying levels of risk (a combination of exposure and susceptibility) for Dungeness crab fishing ports that do not necessarily align with regional or fishery management boundaries.

Andrey Temnov,1–3 Tatyana Astrelina,1–3 Konstantin Rogov,1–3 Boris Moroz,1–3 Vladimir Lebedev,1–3 Tamara Nasonova,1–3 Alla Lyrshchikova,1–3 Olga Dobrynina,1–3 Yury Deshevoy,1–3 Alexander Melerzanov,3 Augustinus Bader,4 Apurva Mishra,3 Shibashish Giri,4,5 Valeriy Boyarintsev,1–3 Alexander Trofimenko,1–3 Andrey Bushmanov,1–3 Alexander Samoylov1–3 1State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC-FMBC), Moscow, Russia; 2Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia; 3Faculty of Biological and Medical Physics. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Moscow Region, Russia; 4Applied Stem Cell Biology and Cell Technology, Biomedical and Biotechnological Center, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; 5Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Munich Technical University, Munich, Germany Background: Mesenchymal stem cells based paracrine bioactive factors that deploy their task as an essential mechanism, but their efficiency for skin regeneration still requires clarification. Methods: The mesenchymal stem cell-based paracrine factors were administered by subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mL peptides (general protein 8 mg/mL). These were performed after radiation on different days like the first, third, sixth, eighth, and 10th. To determine the consequences, we performed photography, planimetry, and preclinical test each week after 15 days of radiation. MSC-based peptides were injected into a rat that had radiation burns, and its observation encouraged cell-free therapeutic remedies to regenerate skin. Both control and experimental groups were exposed to 110 Gy of X-rays, which resulted in the formation of localized radiation burns on the skin (S=6 cm2) 15 days later. Thirty days after radiation, the wound stabilized (surface of the wound was S=2.2±0.2 cm2) and fluctuated throughout the course of the pathological process.Results: The wounded area on the skin from the 15th to the 29th day after radiation was practically the same in both groups. The wounded area gradually reduced by 6.1±0.4 cm2 (experimental group) and 5.9±0.6 cm2 (control group) 15 days after radiation up to 2.2±0.3 cm2 (in both control and experimental groups) on the 29th day after radiation. However, starting from the 36th day, there was a constant reduction in the burn area in the experimental group up to 0.2±0.1 cm2 till the 71st day after radiation. Conclusion: In the control group, the area of the lesion ranged from 1.4±0.6 cm2 on the 50th day to 1.9±0.8 cm2 on the 71st day. During the 57th to the 71st day, the difference between the affected area in the experimental and control groups was 1:8. The experimental group has a significantly higher level of skin regeneration and significant decrease in the level of leukocyte infiltration, thereby reducing necrosis. Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, MSC-based paracrine factors, radiation burn, skin regeneration

Purpose: to create a protocol for complex cryoconservation of blood vessels in polydimethylsiloxane to create tissue-specific matrices. Material and Methods. The material ofthe study was the iliac arteries from postmortem donors, seized in the multi-organ donation, rejected for unclaimed and disposed of later. Polydimethylsiloxane was used as a coolant (PDMS) with a viscosity of 5-25 centistokes (Spectroplast, Russia). Bench testing of cooling and heating ofthe blood vessel in PDMS, testing of heating and cooling of PDMS up to operating temperatures (-80°C) in different ways and variants of its thermal insulation, assessment of different cooling rates ofthe vessel during cryoconservation, modeling of 3 types of working chambers for cryoconservation, sterilization and defrosting of up to 10 vessels, modeling of cryoconservation and thawing of vessels in PDMS under different conditions, selection of substrates from silicone and plastic for uniform fixation of vessels which are of size or size in the working chambers or without them. Results. The developed protocol allows cryopreserved from 1 to 10 or more vessels of all basic sizes both immediately after removal and after transportation to the laboratory, to vary the cooling rate from 1.5 to 300°C/min and above, to be used with different levels of laboratory equipment, as with liquid nitrogen, dry ice, and only with a medical freezer. Conclusion. The developed protocol allows to apply it in cases of complex cryoconservation of blood vessels to create tissue-specific matrices and can be recommended for preclinical testing.

Aim: to investigate potential cryo- and radioprotective properties of a polydimethylsiloxane of low viscosity to provide safe and reliable cryopreservation and radiation sterilization of human cadaveric vascular allografts. Material and methods. A consecutive experimental set-up was carried out to establish polydimethylsiloxane (further — PDMS) protective endocellular properties. For this purpose a high-densitymesenchymal stem cells suspension was cryopreserved with 10% DMSO solution; PDMS exocellular protective properties were assessed by cyclic cryoconservation of ^femoral artery segments, while PDMS potential radioprotectiveproperties were assessed by gamma irradiation — induced sterilization of 3 cryopreserved femoral artery segments with gross length about 3cm, and for control grafts a slightly changed protocol with glycerin was used. In this study the dynamic viscosity of all cryopreserved vessels was analyzed with using specially designed experimental device, also electron scanning microscopy with lanthanide cells staining and routine hematoxylin — eosin cell staining were applied. Results. We have demonstrated a prominentexocellular protective effect of PDMS confirmed by a SEM and histological results, and also its mediated radioprotective effect, in particular because of its safer preliminary cryopreservation procedure. Conclusion. Use of PDMS for a cryopreservation and gamma sterilization showed its rationality, however requires further modification of protocols and additional researches.

The focus of this article is to highlight the potential of popular culture to become an agent of leftist populist politics in contemporary Serbia. The authors observe the hip-hop collective “The Bombs of the Nineties”, whose music tackles topics from recent history, and who subvert the fashion style of the 1990s “Dizel” subculture, which is often connected to Serbian nationalism and war profiteering. The paper analyses the relationships “The Bombs of the Nineties” create between their practices, class warfare and leftist discourses, aiming to show the potentials and threats those relationships introduce. Following Ernesto Laclau’s understanding of populism as a “hegemonic political articulation of demands”, we assume that “The Bombs of the Nineties” could represent a solid populist political agent in that they attempt to reveal and draw attention to the “unfulfilled demands” of disempowered Serbian youth. On the other hand, the counter-intuitive merge of ideologies they operate, and the limited impact of their strategies on the official politics could be an obstacle to the expansion of their message.

Qualitative electrochemical characterization of procymidone (PRO) and tebuthiuron (TBH) was carried out by cyclic voltammetry using a carbon paste electrode. The studies suggest that analyte mass transfer is controlled by diffusion, and that oxidation of PRO and TBH occurs by means of irreversible electronic transfer of one electron. Oxidation of PRO and TBH occurs close to +0.820 V and +1.075 V (vs. Ag|AgCl, KCl 3.0 mol L-1), respectively, in a 0.1-M KOH solution as supporting electrolyte. Quantitative analyses were carried out by differential-pulse voltammetry, a technique which is more sensitive and selective. Detection and quantification limits were determined for PRO and TBH in the absence of matrix, in a potable-water matrix, and in a nonpotable-water matrix, for which the ranges of reproducibility, intermediate precision and recovery rates were (1.01 and 4.20 %), (4.08 and 9.56 %), and (90.6 and 115 %) for PRO, and (1.59 and 3.92 %), (4.84 and 7.46 %), and (91.3 and 119 %), for TBH, respectively. The results indicate that the new method is selective, simple and cheap to simultaneously quantify PRO and TBH in water samples.

The tonnage capacity of the Suez Canal has almost doubled since its reconstruction. The risk analysis of oil and oil products transportation is carried out in the paper, considering this factor from the Persian Gulf to America, and in order to reveal the economic efficiency of the existing recommended routes. According to the research outcomes and calculations, it is proved that the most expensive path is the route through the Suez Canal. It can be profitable on a short haul for transportation to the countries of the Mediterranean Basin and Western Europe due to the low tariff plan for small vessels of the LRl, MR, Handymax, Handysize classes and doubling the freight by reducing the transit time over short distances. An analysis of the probable routes from the Persian Gulf to North America through the Suez Canal and bypassing Africa is carried out in the paper. The economic effect calculation of oil transportation is conducted using the example of the Sea Vigor tanker of the Suezmax class through the Suez Canal and the Cape of Good Hope, considering the distance, the cost of escorting ships through the Suez Canal, the risk assessment and cost of ship security services, the calculation of wind-wave losses of routes bypassing the African continent. Besides, the conclusions and recommendations are formulated in the paper.

Data on application of decellularized scaffolds and tissue-engineered vascular conduits in the field of cardiovascular surgery have been analyzed, and also techniques for their procurement have been studied. For finding, selection and synthesis resources of research data from the systems Pubmed, ScienceDirect were used. The preference was given to the most informative, comprehensive and contemporary publications.

Aim: to verify new techniques for human cadaveric vascular allografts cryopreservation, thawing and sterilization for the tissue engineering purposes. We use polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a well-known, promising coolant. This allowed us to completely omit any cryoprotective or vitrifying solutions. Using of PDMS also makes possible an applying these allografts directly after freezing and decellularization and also it will also provide an opportunity to develop secure protocols of tissue— engineered vascular conduits cryopreservation. Matherial and methods. After mathematical modeling of cooling process and its validation the experiment for sealed (isolated) freezing at low temperature conditions of 30 femoral arterial segments has been conducted. The segments were at least 10 cm in length and taken from 15 cadaveric donors in the age of 65-85 years. The freezing process was carried out using the abovementioned coolant— PDMS, and then physico-mechanical properties of these allografts were evaluated with the special Instron machine. According to the results obtained, a modeling of their sterilization conditions was conducted (the grafts were freezed). Results. By physico-mechanical properties validation and restricted histological analysis it was shown that there was an accordance between freezed/thawed allografts properties and native vessels. Conclusion. The abovementioned approach for allografts cryopreservation and thawing was efficient enough for further work in this direction.

Aim: to study immunogenetic markers of predisposition to the development and protection for Crohn's disease in adults population of the Moscow region. Material and methods. The study included 53 samples of peripheral blood of patients with Crohn's disease in the Moscow region. The control group was represented by 1,700 samples of umbilical cord blood is healthy newborns. Revealing HLA antigens at low level performed by SSO method on DynalRELI 48 processor. The results received with ambiguous interpretation was using PCR-SSP method (Ivitrogen). Results. Were found the positive and negative associations of groups of HLA alleles with clinical form, the course of Crohn's disease and response to steroid treatment, in particular revealed that, predisposition to the development for Crohn's disease in women and with sensitivity to steroid treatment in this disease associated allele group C*12, to the characteristic restricting markers such as Crohn's disease include the В 38 and A*11 markers nonrestricting, nonpenetrating noninflammatory type groups are alleles B*56 and C*14 and C*14 is also associated with the risk of Crohn's disease in men, characteristic markers of protection to the development of the disease crown with chronic relapsing and severe clinical course are DQB1*02 and DQB1*03, respectively. Conclusion. These results demonstrate the need for studies of gene polymorphism HLA-system, not only in relation to the disease in general, but in selected patients with clinical groups.

The article covers the problem of а social sphere supervisor’s professional establishment. It is proven that professionalconsciousness (professional self-conception) includes one's image about themselves as a member of a professional community. These mindsets are proved to include characteristics that determine one's success – professionally important qualities (individual psychological qualities and personal relations). There are defined five criteria psychological preparation development of an educator, a psychologist and a psychology lecturer of a Pedagogical University in a system of continuous education, which are also important for the supervisor’s professional establishment. The basic approaches and models are outlined on defining professionally important personal qualities for a social institution supervisor.

RESUMO Este artigo discute as representações acerca da Suécia contemporânea que é frequentemente apontada como uma naçáo discreta, moderna, modelo de políticas públicas e naçáo exemplar no reconhecimento dos direitos humanos. Busca compreender como se dá a construçáo de uma dada mitologia em torno da Suécia e do “ser sueco” apresentando um estudo etnográfico daquela cultura, construído por intermédio de entrevistas, análises teóricas e de discursos religiosos, políticos e literários. Palavras-chave: Suécia. Cultura. identidade nacional. ABSTRACT This article discusses representations of modern Sweden that frequently describe that country as a discrete, modern, model of public policies and an exemplary nation with respect to human rights. It aims to understand how this mythology about Sweden and swedishness has come about by presenting an ethnographic study of that culture based on interviews and analyzing theory, religious, political and literary discourses. Key words: Sweden, culture, national identity.

The present status of two operating BINP electron-positron colliders VEPP-2000 and VEPP-4M is given.

TitDrop II, a practice low-cost titrator based on drop counting is proposed. A microcomputer counts drops in an opto-switch and it receives pH values from a commercial pHmeter with RS-232 serial port. The volume of drops must kept constant and the amount of base in each drop is obtained by standardization in the titrator. A linear behavior between height of reservoir of titrant and drop frequency was observed, but there is no influence of low height on drop volume. Acetic acidity in samples of vinager was compared with volumetric titration, and deviation between -2.6 to 3.9% was observed.

The adsorption of ethidium bromide on XAD-7 resin was studied. The Freundlich model was the most representative isotherm model to describe the sorption behavior. A solid-liquid equilibrium model was proposed to explain the resin mass influence on the sorption. The equilibrium constant value estimated was 2.31. The results showed an ethidium bromide ion-pair physical adsorption, with adsorption enthalpy equals to -19.33 kJ/mol. A pK2 value equals to 4.69 ± 0.01 was estimated by two distinct methods. The results will be applied to the ethidium bromide preconcentration aiming its decomposition.

The aim of this paper is to present a simple way of treating the general equation for acid-base titrations based on the concept of degree of dissociation, and to propose a new spreadsheet approach for simulating the titration of mixtures of polyprotic compounds. The general expression, without any approximation, is calculated a simple iteration method, making number manipulation easy and painless. The user-friendly spreadsheet was developed by using MS-Excel and Visual-Basic-for-Excel. Several graphs are drawn for helping visualizing the titration behavior. A Monte Carlo function for error simulation was also implemented. Two examples for titration of alkalinity and McIlvaine buffer are presented.

This article launches an investigation about images of interspecies breast-feeding in the Middle Ages. Thought as a transmission of humors and features, milk kinship was higlhy rated at the time, and was often questioned about fostering practices. Breast-feeding of human children by animals allows to reconsider both human/animal forms of relationship, definition of lineage, and their eventual transgressions. As hagiographical topic, and sign of election, breast-feeding by wild beasts appears as a deviant practice but paradoxically positively valued. On the contrary, sequels of fostering by tame animals are regularly denounced. And women breast-feeding animals often appear as a proof of the animalship of their gender. The symbolic images of Terra breast-feeding the animals are presented until the XIIth century as positive images of fertility, however from the XIIIe century onwards, proximity between human and animal through breast-feeding appears highly transgressive. By the XIVth century, taste for Antiquity’s historical and heroical narratives associated with hagiographic images, reveal the savage child, fed by animals as a paragon of greatness

Neste artigo, são discutidas novas narrativas na música latino-americana, principalmente investigando a produção musical de Jorge Drexler, Marina de La Riva e Kevin Johansen, músicos nascidos em países diferentes, mas com trajetórias de vida multiculturais que extrapolam antigas fronteiras recortadas por limites geográficos e nacionalistas. A música desses artistas coloca em diálogo a tradição musical de seus países de origem com as de outras partes do mundo, constituindo-se em algo novo, que pode vir a ser compreendido como uma nova perspectiva poética e musical na América Latina.

Este trabalho trata da determinação da atividade antibíotica dos extratos de Gnetum paniculatum e G. schwackeanum e dos constituintes químicos isolados deste último como resveratrol, gnetina C e E, os quais foram testados contra vários bactérias e fungos. O extrato de Gnetum schwackeanum e todas as substâncias dele isoladas foram ativos a Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermis e Mycobacterium smegmatis. Resveratrol e gnetina C são ativos contra Candida albicans, mas somente gnetina C possui atividade em relação a Candida parapsilosis e Saccharomyces cerevisiae. O derivado sintético de gnetina E não mostrou nenhuma atividade. O extrato de G. paniculatum, é completamente inativo à bactéria e fungos o que sugere que a atividade de G. schwackeanum deve-se à presença dos hiroxiestilbenos e seus derivados, uma vez que G. paniculatum não contém esses tipos de substâncias.

Este trabalho trata da determinação da atividade antibiótica dos extratos de Gnetum paniculatum e G. schwackeanum e dos constituintes químicos isolados deste último como resperatrol, gnetina C e E, os quais foram testados contra várias bactérias e fungos. O extrato de Gnetum schwackeanum e dos constituintes químicos isolados deste último como resveratrol, gnetina C e E, os quais foram testados contra várias bactérias e fungos. O extrato de Gnetum schwackeanum e todas as substâncias dele isoladas foram ativos a Staphylococcus aureus. S. epidermis e Mycobacterium smegmatis. Resveratrol e gnetina C são ativos contra a Candida albicans, mas somente gnetina C possui atividade em relação a Candida parapsilosis e Saccharomyces cervisiae. O derivado sintético de gnetina E não mostrou nenhuma atividade. O extrato de G. paniculatum, é completamente inativo à bactéria e fungos o que sugere que a atividade de G. paniculatum, é completamente inativo à bactéria e fungos o que sugere que a atividade de G. schwackeanum deve-se à presença dos hidroxiestilbenos e seus derivados, uma vez que G. paniculatum não contêm esses tipos de substâncias.

Iryanthera paraensis e I. tricornis (Myristicaceae) contêm na madeira de seus troncos 1-(2', 4' - dihidroxifenil) -3- (4", 5"-metilenodoxi-2" -metoxifenil) -propano (1a 1-(2', 4' dihidroxifenil) -3-(3", 4" -metilenodioxifenil)-propano (1b) e 1-(4' -hidroxi -2'-metoxifenil) -3-(4"-hidroxi-3"-metoxifenil) -propano (1c). Apenas da primeira espécie se isolou adicionalmente 1-(2', 4'-dihidroxi-3' -metilfenil)-3-(4", 5"-metilenodioxi-2"- metoxifenil) -propano (1d) e 1-(2'-hidroxi-4'metoxifenil) -3-(3", 4"-metilenodioxifenil) -propano (1e). Dados espectroscópicos para a substância 1b, são descritos pela primeira vez.

Os extratos hexânicas, clarofórmicos e hidroalcoólicos da cálices e dos frutos de quatro espécies de lauráceaes da Amazônia, Licaria armeniaca, Licaria chrysophylla, Aniba riparia e Aniba sp (No provisório 62), foram avaliados quanto à sua atividade antibiótica. Para os ensaios foram utilizadas bactérias Gram-Positivas, bactérias Gram-negativas e leveduras. Os extratos hexânicos e clorofórmicos das duas espécies de Aniba mostraram atividade contra diversos microorganismos.

Nine β-carboline alkaloids were synthetized and screened for antibiotic activity. Six of the compounds testes showed inhibitory activity against one or more of the microorganisms assayed.