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A new species of Hymenasplenium (Aspleniaceae), H. hovenkampii, from the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia is described. This species was preliminarily identified as H. unilaterale, but can be easily distinguished by its bipinnatisect laminae (vs. 1-pinnate lamina) and reddish brown (vs. dark brown to black) stipes and rachises. In fact, all species known so far in the genus have simple or 1-pinnate laminae, whereas the new species is the only one in the genus with bipinnatisect laminae.

A new species of the genus Asplenium L. from northern Qinghai, A. delinghaense S. Q. Liang et X.C. Zhang, is described and illustrated here. This new species resembles A. iskardense Viane et Reichst., A.daghestanicum Christ, and A. neovarians Ching but differs in frond and perispore morphology. Molecular phylogenetic evidence supported the close relationship of A. delinghaense with members of the A. varians complex and the A. pekinense complex and indicated an allotetraploid origin of it., Описан и проиллюстрирован новый вид рода Asplenium L. из северного Цинхая – A.delinghaense S. Q. Liang et X. C. Zhang. Новый вид напоминает A. iskardense Viane et Reichstein, A.daghestanicum Christ и A. neovariansChing, но отличается формой вай и морфологией периспория. Молекулярно-филогенетические данные подтверждают тесную связь A. delinghaense с видами комплексов A.varians и A. pekinense и указывают на его аллотетраплоидное происхождение.

Lino, Vanessa, Reis, Atiles, Sylvestre, Lana Da Silva, Mynssen, Claudine Massi (2023): Asplenium atlanticum (Aspleniaceae), a new endemic fern from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phytotaxa 603 (1): 81-88, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.6

The biodiversity hotspot of central Chile is home to a high proportion of endemic species, but some of these species are inconspicuous and not easily observed. During a botanical exploration in the Los Queules National Reserve (Chile), a population of Asplenium trilobum Cav. was identified. The plants were found growing on the bark of a Myrceugenia parvifolia (DC.) Kausel tree in a small swamp next to specimens of Drimys winteri J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. (35°59'11.84"S; 72°41'11.53"W). Several previously unrecorded species were found, including Carex cf. excelsa Poepp. ex Kunth, Chusquea cf. quila Kunth, Ercilla cf. spicata (Bertero) Moq., and Boquila trifoliolata (DC.) Decne., highlighting the importance of exploring and documenting this biodiversity hotspot. The discovery in this wilderness area extends the distribution 86 km north on the continent, which was previously limited to the east of the municipality of Penco in the Biobío region (36°44'9.26"S; 72°57'42.5"W). This paper presents an observed specimen, its locality, and associated species.

Asplenium atlanticum Lino & Sylvestre, sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4). Type: — BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Urubici, Santa Bárbara, no interior da mata no campo de altitude, 27°58’07” S, 49°18’38” W, 1300 m, 06 January 2021, V . Lino, B. Botura, F. Gonzatti, G. P. Coelho & J. Külkamp 283 (holotype RB! barcode RB01454638, isotypes FURB! R! UPCB! US!). Description: —Plants terrestrial. Stems erect, 1–1.3 cm in diameter, covered with scales, stem scales clathrate, linear-lanceolate and lanceolate, 2–4.1(–5.1) × 0.1–0.2 mm, (0.2–)0.3–0.5(–0.6) mm at the basal portion, concolorous, reddish, glandular at the apex, margins with glandular cells. Leaves monomorphic, (25.5–)28–31(–36) cm long. Petioles non-alate, 11–14.4(–16) × 0.1–0.2 cm, brown, dull, with linear scales, adaxial side grooved. Laminae deltoid to lanceolate, 2-pinnate, 14–18(–21) × 4–5(–8) cm, green when fresh, olive-green to yellow or bright brown when dried, chartaceous, apex acute to acute-attenuate, base truncate. Rachises non-alate, or slightly alate on the distal portion, grooved on the adaxial side, dull, green when fresh, yellow or bright brown when dried, with yellowish glandular hairs and filiform glandular scales, especially in the pinna axils. Pinna stalks 0.18–0.5(–0.9) cm long, with glandular hairs similar to those of the rachises. Pinnae in (8–)9–10(–11) pairs, ascending to patent, lanceolate, 3–4(–6.9) × 1–1.5 cm, base truncate, slightly excavate on the basiscopic side, margin dentate, with pinnules followed by a triangular and entire distal region, pinnae apex obtuse to acute. Pinnules in 1–3(–4) pairs, ovate, (0.7–)1.0–1.3(–1.6) × 0.6–1 cm, base cuneate, apex obtuse. Distal pinnae entire, oblong to ovate, basiscopic side excavate. Apical pinnae pinnatifid. Veins free, 2–3-furcate, 2–4-furcate in the basal pinnae, not reaching the margin. Sori elliptic to linear, in 1–2(–3) pairs on the acroscopic basal pinnules, 0.1–0.4(–0.5) cm, in 3–4(–7) pairs on the triangular distal region, 0.1–0.5 cm. Indusia yellowish, inserted along one side of the veins, membranaceous, margins entire. Sporangia with uniseriate pedicel. Spores monolete, 45–50 μm, perispore cristate-alate, with undulate wings 5 µm long, narrow, regular, anastomosed ridges fenestrate at the basis, with a smooth margin, and rugged areolas, which can exhibit a central protuberance. Distribution and habitat: — Asplenium atlanticum occurs in cloud forests, Araucaria moist forests, and near rivers in the upper montane rainforest valleys. This species has been recorded in a few protected and non-protected areas in Brazil, within Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina states. TDWG code: 84 BZS-PR BZS-RS BZSSC. It grows as terrestrial in the understory of forests, at 800 to 1550 m elevation (Fig. 4) (only one specimen was observed growing in soil between rocks). Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil. Asplenium atlanticum is endemic to this region. Conservation status: —Since Asplenium atlanticum has a restricted number of known populations (less than 10), of which at least three are in areas surrounded by grazing cattle, and because of an extent of occurrence of 23,983 km 2 and area of occupancy of 40 km 2, we suggest this species meets the IUCN criteria (IUCN 2022) of an endangered species (EN: B2b ii + iii). We decided to adopt the most conservative classification due to the restricted occurrence of this species in Santa Catarina, with few known populations from Paraná and only one from Rio Grande do Sul. Taxonomic notes: — Asplenium atlanticum spores have prominent undulate wings that are ca. 5 µm long, narrow, regular, fenestrate at its basis, anastomosed ridges with a smooth margin, and rugged areolas with a single central protuberance that is ca. 2 µm diameter (or rarely absent). This kind of perispore ornamentation is observed in different lineages of Asplenium, as Asplenium serratum complex species (Reis 2022, Reis et al. 2022). Asplenium atlanticum is similar to A. martianum by the 2-pinnate laminae, cristate spores with a central protuberance in the areola, lanceolate stem scales, and by A. martianum specimens that have laminae with dentate margin and linear sori (Table 1). However, A. atlanticum has longer stem scales, deltoid to lanceolate laminae, pinnae with an obtuse to acute apex, ovate pinnules, and a terrestrial habit (vs. shorter stem scales, ovate-lanceolate to triangular laminae, pinnae with an attenuate to attenuate-caudate or acute apex, lanceolate to deltoid or oblong pinnules and can be terricolous or epiphytic in A. martianum) (Table 1). A. atlanticum also is related to A. muellerianum. However, this species usually has 1-pinnate laminae, lateral pinnae with an attenuate to attenuate-caudate apex, and ovate-orbiculate to oblong pinnules, and is epiphytic or terricolous (Table 1). Furthermore, Asplenium pseudonitidum is another species that can be mistaken with A. atlanticum by its 2-pinnate laminae, lanceolate pinnae, and terrestrial habit, but among other characters, the lustrous petiole (vs. dull petiole in A. atlanticum) allows its differentiation (Table 1). All four species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest and occur in sympatry. Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Paraná: Campina Grande do Sul, Parque Estadual Pico Paraná, Morro Caratuva, 1550 m, 25°14’ S, 48°50’ W, 26 February 2008, Pereira 190a (UPCB); Contenda, Rodovia do Xisto, 05 September 1969, Hatschbach 22149 (HB, MBM, MO, UPCB). Rio Grande do Sul: Bom Jesus, 14 January 1942, Sehnem 966 (HUCS, US). Santa Catarina: Anitápolis, Trilha dos Índios, 1270 m, 27°55’58.3” S, 49°18’21.8” W, 29 August 2021, Lino 360 (RB); Joinville, Rodovia Dona Francisca, 800 m, 26°12’52” S, 49°05’46” W, 14 August 2021, Lino 324 (RB); Rio Rufino, Morro das Torres, 1432 m, 27°54’00” S, 49°51’36” W, 07 May 2009, Gasper 1887 (FURB); Urubici, Santa Bárbara, 1300 m, 27°58’08” S, 49°18’38” W, 06 January 2021, Lino 285 (RB). Key to Asplenium atlanticum and morphologically related species 1. Lustrous petiole....................................................................................................................................................... A. pseudonitidum - Dull petiole.........................................................................................................................................................................................2 2. Lamina 2-pinnate to 3-pinnate, ovate-lanceolate to triangular; pinnules lanceolate to deltoid or oblong; stem scales always lanceolate....................................................................................................................................................................... A. martianum - Lamina 1-pinnate and/or 2-pinnate, deltoid or lanceolate; pinnules ovate, ovate-orbiculate, or oblong; stem scales lanceolate or linear-lanceolate..................................................................................................................................................................................3 3. Lamina 1-pinnate, rarely 2-pinnate, always lanceolate, 25–32(–44) cm long; lateral pinnae with attenuate to attenuate-caudate apex; stem scales linear-lanceolate........................................................................................................................... A. muellerianum - Lamina always 2-pinnate, deltoid or lanceolate, 14–18(–21) cm long; lateral pinnae with obtuse to acute apex; stem scales lanceolate and linear-lanceolate..................................................................................................................................... A. atlanticum, Published as part of Lino, Vanessa, Reis, Atiles, Sylvestre, Lana Da Silva & Mynssen, Claudine Massi, 2023, Asplenium atlanticum (Aspleniaceae), a new endemic fern from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, pp. 81-88 in Phytotaxa 603 (1) on pages 83-86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/8153702, {"references":["Reis, A., Lino, V., Mynssen, C. M. & Sylvestre, L. S. (2022) Asplenium coronatum (Aspleniaceae), a new fern species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phytotaxa 574: 185 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 574.2.8"]}

A new species of Aspleniaceae, Hymenasplenium tholiformis sp. nov., is described from Medog County in southeastern Xizang, China. The new species is morphologically similar to H. apogamum and H. szechuanense, but the former has ascending pinnae, pinna apex obtuse to rounded, pinna-marginal teeth entire, and veins terminating just below marginal teeth. Phylogenetic analysis based on five plastid markers confirmed that this new species represents a diverging lineage in the H. excisum subclade of Hymenasplenium.

Hymenasplenium hovenkampii K.W.Xu & Li Bing Zhang, sp. nov. (Figure 1). Diagnosis:—This new species is morphologically similar to Hymenasplenium cheilosorum (Kunze ex Mettenius 1859: 133) Tagawa (1938: 84) and H. sabahense Li Bing Zhang, K.W.Xu & C.W.Chen in Xu et al. (2019: 38) in having sori terminal on subtending veins and situated in pinna lobes, but the former has laminae bipinnatisect, rachises reddish brown, and the acroscopic margins deeply lobed and usually with 4–5 lobes and each lobe deeply or shallowly crenate to dentate with two teeth, while both the latter two species have laminae 1-pinnate, rachises dark purplish to black, and the acroscopic margins relatively shallowly lobed with more than 5 lobes and each lobe shallowly crenate to dentate with two teeth (Table 1). Type:— INDONESIA. East Nusa Tenggara: Lesser Sunda Islands, Manggarai, Ruteng, 18 April 1983, Schmutz E 5646 (holotype: L-3507947!). Plants perennial, evergreen, 25–35 cm tall. Rhizomes long creeping, ca. 2 mm in diameter, apex scaly, scales brown, those narrowly triangular or lanceolate with entire margins; root yellowish brown when dried, slender, rhizome and root usually covered with yellow brown floccose indument. Fronds remote, membranous-herbaceous; petioles slender, shiny, reddish brown, glabrous, 4–10 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter. Laminae narrowly lanceolate, bipinnatisect, 14– 20 × (1.5–)2–2.5(–3) cm, base reduced, widest near base, gradually narrowing toward apex, apex acuminate; rachises 0.5–1 mm in diameter, glabrous, shiny, reddish brown, adaxial side grooved and with 2 green narrow wings. Pinnae shortly stalked to almost sessile at apex, 30–40 pairs, base nearly opposite, middle and apex alternate, rectangular to trapeziform, (middle pairs) (1–)1.2–1.8(–2.5) × 0.4–0.5 cm, 1–4 mm apart, base asymmetrical, acroscopic side truncate and subparallel with rachis, basiscopic side cuneate, acroscopic margins deeply lobed, usually with 4–5 lobes, each lobe usually deeply or shallowly crenate to dentate with two teeth, teeth obtuse or sometimes acute, entire, basiscopic margins entire at base, lobed at the apex; pinna apex obtuse to acute, lower pinnae deflexed or spreading, upper pinnae ascending. Veins visible on both side of pinnae, green, forking and terminating in marginal teeth, 1 vein per marginal tooth and ending below tooth, usually 3–4 or rarely all basal basiscopic veins lacking. Sori elliptic to linear, 1.5–2 mm long, at tip of subtending veins and located in or below marginal teeth; indusia brown, linear, membranous, entire. Habitat and distribution:— Hymenasplenium hovenkampii was observed to grow in shaded and wet places along streams in forests at an elevation of ca. 1300 m. This species is currently only known from Ruteng of Lesser Sunda Islands. It is likely endemic to Indonesia. Etymology:—In honor of the late Professor Peter Hovenkamp based at L for his contributions to pteridology and Flora Malesiana in particular. Notes:— Hymenasplenium hovenkampii is obviously a member of the H. cheilosorum group based on its sori terminal on subtending veins and situated in or below ultimate segments of pinnae (Figure 2, Xu et al. 2018, 2019a). This species is the only species with bipinnatisect laminae in Hymenasplenium. Up to now, three species, H. cheilosorum, H. inthanonense N.Murakami & J.Yokoyama in Iwatsuki et al. (1998: 43), and H. sabahense have been recorded in the H. cheilosorum group. The pinnae of the three species are deeply or shallowly lobed. Among them, the pinnae of H. sabahense are deeply lobed to half of the pinna width, H. cheilosorum lobed up to 2/5 of the pinna width, and H. inthanonense only shallowly lobed. However, the pinnae of H. hovenkampii are lobed to the costa, forming a bipinnatisect laminae. This is very different from other members in the genus. In addition, the acroscopic margins of the new species are deeply lobed and usually with 4–5 lobes and each lobe is deeply or shallowly crenate to dentate with two teeth, while the acroscopic margins of the other three species in the H. cheilosorum group are relatively shallowly lobed and with more than 5 lobes and each lobe is usually shallowly crenate to dentate with two teeth (Table 1). Selected specimen examined (Paratype):— INDONESIA. East Nusa Tenggara: Lesser Sunda Islands, Manggarai, Ruteng, 1300 m, 20 May 1982, Schmutz E 5352 (L-3507945!).

The Sierra de las Nieves National Park, declared by the Spanish Government in July 2021, is part of the Serranía de Ronda (Western Baetic mountains), which is considered one of the main centres of biodiversity and endemicity of the southern Iberian Peninsula (Andalusia, Spain) and the Mediterranean Basin. The park and its surroundings have an important diversity of vascular plants, mainly due to the orographic, climatic and geological diversity of the area, which is divided into three biogeographical sectors: Rondeño sector (limestones, dolomites and clays), Bermejense sector (peridotites and serpentines) and Aljíbico sector (gneisses and micaschists). This contribution presents the first catalogue of the vascular flora of this national park and its surrounding area, with 1,387 taxa distributed in 104 families and 542 genera. An amount of 79 taxa are endemic to Andalusia and 57 are endangered: 4 are Critically Endangered (CR), 17 are Endangered (EN) and 36 are Vulnerable (VU).

Premise of research. The gametophytes of ferns are nutritionally independent of the sporophytes and are potentially hermaphroditic. The sexual expression of fern gametophytes is based on environmen...

Asplenium trichomanes subsp. coriaceifolium was recorded in Cascais municipality, Estremadura province, increasing its known distribution range in the Iberian Peninsula to Portugal. The occurrence of the subsp. trichomanes in Portugal is confirmed.

Key to Asplenium serratum complex from Atlantic Forest 1. Veins spreading at 35°–45° from the midrib...................................................................................................... Asplenium angustum - Veins spreading at 60°–75° from the midrib......................................................................................................................................2 2. Lamina margins dentate; stem scales 3.4–4.6 mm long, dark brownish...................................................... Asplenium stuebelianum - Lamina margins entire, crenulate or serrate; stem scales over 7 mm long, light brownish to red.....................................................3 3. Lamina margins regularly serrate or crenate; proliferous apex absent; external cells of the stem scales with thickened walls....................................................................................................................................................................................... Asplenium serratum - Lamina margins irregular, entire to slightly crenate; proliferous apex present; cells of the stem scales with walls regularly thickened............................................................................................................................................................ Asplenium coronatum, Published as part of Reis, Atiles, Lino, Vanessa, Mynssen, Claudine Massi & Sylvestre, Lana Da Silva, 2022, Asplenium coronatum (Aspleniaceae), a new fern species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, pp. 185-190 in Phytotaxa 574 (2) on page 189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/7380912

A new fern species, Asplenium coronatum (Aspleniaceae), endemic to the Atlantic Forest is described. This species belongs to the Asplenium serratum complex, which comprises species that have simple, entire laminae with free veins ending near the margin and no marginal vein. Asplenium coronatum is distinguished from A. serratum by its large scales, which are often more than 20 mm long and have regularly thick cell walls, and laminae with an irregular, entire to slightly crenulate margin and acute to acuminate-caudate apex, commonly bearing a proliferous tip.

Asplenium coronatum A.Reis & Sylvestre, sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2, 3). Type:— Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Monumento Natural dos Morros do Pão de Açúcar e Urca, trail to Urca Hill ridge, 22°57’02”S, 43° 09’ 37”W, 100-220 m, 13 May 2022, Reis et al. 90 (holotype RB! barcode RB01462455 [3 sheets]; Isotypes BHCB!, MBM!, R!, RFA!). Description:— Plant rupicolous. Stem erect, 1–1.5 cm in diameter, densely covered with clathrate scales, scales 9.7–21.5(–28.5) × 0.9–2.3(–3.2) mm, (17–)20–37(–54) cells wide, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, concolorous, light brown, cell walls regularly thick throughout, apex unicostate, glandular, margin with retrorse hairs with glandular tips. Leaves 33–98 cm long, monomorphic. Petiole 5–12 × 0.3–0.6(–1) cm, grooved adaxially, brownish to black, with scales similar to those on the stem at the base. Laminae 23–87 × 5.4–14.3 cm, green when living, green to brownish when dry, elliptic-oblong to lanceolate, chartaceous, apex acute to acuminate-caudate, commonly bearing a proliferous tip, base decurrent, long-attenuate, margin entire, rarely slightly crenulate apically, midrib with few scattered scales with glandular tips. Veins free, spreading at (68–)70°–75° from the midrib, simple to 1–forked at base. Sori linear, 12– 37(–50) mm long, elongate, approximate, ending near margin, indusia firmly membranaceous, margins entire. Spores reniform, monolete, with a cristate-winged perispore, folds and areolas between folds with echinulate ornamentation. Distribution and habitat:— Asplenium coronatum occurs in submontane dense rainforests and has been recorded in a few protected areas in Rio de Janeiro State. It grows on rocks, in moist and shady sites, usually near streams, at 100 to 400 m of elevation (fig. 4). Etymology:— The specific epithet refers to the proliferous frond apex, which is common in mature specimens and resembles a crown because of its rosulate shape. Conservation status:— According to IUCN categories and criteria (IUCN Standarts and Petitions Committee 2022), we suggest the conservation status of this species is Vulnerable (B1abiii+2abiii) due to an extent of occurrence of approximately 3,860 km 2, area of occupancy of 910 km 2, restricted number of known populations (less than 10), and a decline of areas and habitat quality due to human use. Taxonomic notes:— Asplenium coronatum is similar to Asplenium serratum L. (1753: 1079) because of its entire laminae with free veins that are simple to once forked near the base and end near the margin, linear sori and cristate spores, but differs by its larger stem scales, which are often more than 20 mm long and have regularly thickened cell walls, and by laminae with an irregular, entire to slightly crenulate margin and acute to acuminate-caudate apex that is commonly bifid with a proliferous tip (vs. stem scales ca. 10 mm long, with thickened external cell walls, and laminae with a regularly serrate or crenate margin and acuminate, non-proliferous apex in A. serratum). Asplenium coronatum occasionally has abruptly reduced lamina bases, especially in young sporophytes. This character (associated with a proliferous apex) resembles that of Asplenium stuebelianum Hieron (1908: 222), which can also occur in Atlantic Forest. However, the latter can be easily distinguished by its long petioles, regular dentate lamina margin, and dark brownish stem scales with very thick cell walls. Additionally, our preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that these two species and Asplenium serratum are not closely related phylogenetically and belong to different lineages within A. serratum complex (Lino et al., unpublished data). The main morphological characters to differentiate these three species are in Table 1. Additional specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Cachoeiras de Macacu, Parque Estadual dos Três Picos, 105 m, 22 April 2013, Damasceno 571 (RB!); Guapimirim, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, 22°29’37”S, 43°00’03”W, 392 m, 25 November 2020, Reis 46 (R!); Niterói, Parque Estadual da Serra da Tiririca, 22°57’09”S, 43°01’09”W, 22 May 2021, Lino 315 (RB!); Nova Iguaçu, Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, 27 May 1993, Sylvestre 856 (RBR!); Silva Jardim, Reserva Biológica de Poço das Antas, Trilha do Pelonha, 22°30’S, 42°15’W, 3 February 1995, Braga 1896 (RB!); Teresópolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, 22°29’37”S, 43°00’05”W, 350 m, 14 November 2008, Labiak 4523 (MBM!, UPCB!); Rio de Janeiro, Monumento Natural dos Morros do Pão de Açúcar e Urca, 12 March 2016, Lino s.n. (RFA 43121!); Rio de Janeiro, Monumento Natural dos Morros do Pão de Açúcar e Urca, 22°57’15”S, 43° 09’ 57”W, 150 m, 26 April 2021, Reis 54 (R!)., Published as part of Reis, Atiles, Lino, Vanessa, Mynssen, Claudine Massi & Sylvestre, Lana Da Silva, 2022, Asplenium coronatum (Aspleniaceae), a new fern species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, pp. 185-190 in Phytotaxa 574 (2) on page 186, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/7380912

Hymenasplenium obtusidentatum, a new fern species of the H. excisum subclade of Hymenasplenium (Aspleniaceae) from south and southwestern China was described. Molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological observations of H. obtusidentatum and related species clearly indicated that this is a distinct taxonomic entity. Phylogenetically, H. obtusidentatum was confirmed to represent a diverging lineage in the H. excisum subclade of Hymenasplenium and was closely related to one lineage that includes accessions identified as H. obscurum, H. pseudobscurum and H. tholiformis. Morphologically, H. obtusidentatum can be distinguished by the combination of its lamina base truncate, stipe not shiny and with color of reddish brown to dark brown, and pinna marginal teeth that are not sharp, but blunt or rounded. A complete species description and comparison with related species in the H. excisum subclade were provided. The holotype of H. obtusidentatum was designated.

— Family- and genus-level circumscription of ferns in the suborder Aspleniineae (eupolypods II) has long been controversial, due in part to confusion about the relationship among the families Aspleniaceae and Athyriaceae. Recent studies have demonstrated that character states traditionally used to infer a close relationship between these two families are either symplesiomorphic or homoplastic, and re-examination of numerous taxa has led to the recircumscription of several clades, and the description of several new families and genera. In light of these findings, we re-evaluated the taxonomic affinities of Diplazium praestans, a little-known fern from western Amazonia that is morphologically disparate to the remainder of Neotropical Diplazium. Using sequence data from three chloroplast markers and analysis of eight morphological characters, we demonstrate that Diplazium praestans was erroneously placed in that genus and instead is a Hymenasplenium. We place it in a phylogenetic context, reassess its morphology in light of our findings, evaluate its conservation status under IUCN criteria, and provide a new combination: Hymenasplenium praestans. We also provide an updated key to the Neotropical species of Hymenasplenium and discuss unresolved taxonomic problems in the genus.

PTPN Nusantara 3 is one of the Companies engaged in the field of Rubber plantations and Palm oil that has a wide 9.150,80 ha. Rubber plantation PTPN Nusantara 3 Rantau Prapat is one area that there are many ferns. Ferns (Pteridophyta) are most commonly found in the area of rubber Plantation PTPN Nusantara 3 Rantau Prapat District Labuhanbatu is a family Dryopteridaceaese lot of 6 species, namely Nephrolepisbiserrata, Nephrolepiscor difolia, Nephrolepi sexaltata, Nephrolepissp, Ploecnemia irregularis and Stenochlaenae palustris. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers on 03-May-11 May 2021 in the rubber Plantation PTPN Nusantara 3 Rantau Prapat District Labuhanbatu, researchers found 7 famili ferns (Pteridophyta), namely Aspleniaceae, Blechnaceae, Davalliaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Gleicheniaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Polypodiaceae, with 17 species of ferns (Pteridophyta). Abiotic factors that can affect the growth of the nail is different because according to his needs, namely air temperature 29C-32 C while the soil moisture that is up 7.9%-69% and the pH of the soil ranged from 8.00 8,90.

Asplenium jiulianshanense, a new tetraploid fern species of the A. normale complex (Aspleniaceae) from Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve, southern Jiangxi, China is described and illustrated. We inferred the phylogenetic position of the new species based on sequences from seven plastid markers (atpB, rbcL, rps4, rps4-trnS, trnL, trnL-F, and trnG) and one low-copy nuclear gene, pgiC. The plastid phylogeny supported a close relationship among the new species A. jiulianshanense, A. minutifolium, and A. kiangsuense, while the nuclear phylogeny differed in topology from the plastid tree. The new species may be due to hybridization between A. kiangsuense and A. boreale. Morphologically, the new species can easily be distinguished from other members of the A. normale complex by rachises bearing a gemma near the apex, pinna margins entire to sparsely crenate, and (1‒)3‒4(‒6) sori per pinna.

The tourist area of Cunca Rami Waterfall has natural beauty and environmental conditions allow ferns (pteridophyta) to grow and develop diversity high level. This study aims to inventory the types ferns potential in the Cunca Rami West Manggarai waterfall zone East Nusa Tenggara Province, so that is expected to become important information material for the community and local government in developing natural potential-based tourism owned by West Manggarai Regency. Inventory of ferns was carried out through an exploratory method with random sampling which were subsequently identified by reference to the flora book Steenis, et al (2008). The results showed that there were 15 fern types, namely Adiantum diapahnum L.; Drynaria sparsisora (Desv.) More; Pityrogramma calomelanos Link.; Plagigyra sp.; Asplenium belangeri Bory; Asplenium caudatum forst.; Davalia sp.; Diplazium esculentum Swarz.; Dryopteris ferox; Dryopteris pteroides; Lindsaea decomposita Willd; Nephrolepis exaltata schott.; Nephrolepis sp.; Pteris biaurita L.; Pteris vittata L. Then classified into 8 family types, namely Polypodiaceae, Aspleniaceae, Davalliaceae, Athyriaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Lindsacaceae, Neprolepidaceae, and Pteridaceae. Fern species in the Cunca Rami Waterfall area has great potential, but the surrounding community has not utilized use potential full.

The Asplenium wrightii complex is morphologically variable and difficult in species delimitation. Owing to lack of comprehensive sampling in phylogenetic studies, the taxonomy of this complex remains unresolved. Based on extensive field observations, specimen examination and our recent molecular data, the present study aims to clarify the identities of three species of Asplenium in this complex from Asia. Our study revealed that A. alatulum and A. subcrenatum, previously treated as synonyms of A. wrightii, should be reinstated. A taxonomic revision of the three species, including their type information, detailed descriptions, voucher specimens, distribution, ecology, as well as taxonomic notes, is carried out.

This study aims to identify the species of ferns in the Hutan Lindung RPH Barat (Juwata Kerikil). The research method used adaptive sampling technique. In the identification results of epiphytic ferns in Hutan Lindung RPH Barat (Juwata Kerikil), 8 species of ferns have been identified. The largest family found is Polypodiaceae with 6 species, consisting of Pyrrosia piloselloides, Platycerium bifurcatum, Drynaria sparsisora, Drymoglossum piloselloides, Pyrrosia longifolia, and Pyrrosia lanceolata. Meanwhile, the Aspleniaceae and Davalliaceae families were only found each one species, namely Asplenium nidus and Davallia solida. Keywords: Ferns, Epiphytes

Asplenium mannii Hook. — Habit: Fern. Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 500 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: Chuka Track, ca. 7.5 km inside forest, Alt, 1 910 m, 22 Aug. 1985, Beentje 2243 (EA). References: Schelpe (1951), Beentje (2008a), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Schelpe, E. A. C. L. E. (1951) The Pteridophyta of Mount Kenya. American Fern Journal 41 (3): 65 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1545044","Beentje, H. J. (2008 a) Aspleniaceae. In: Beentje, H. J. & Ghazanfar, S. A. (Eds.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London, 78 pp.","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Asplenium christii Hieron. — Habit: Fern. Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 000 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: N/A. References: Fries et al. (1924b), Schelpe (1951), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Fries, R. E., Fries, T. C. E. & Christensen, C. (1924 b) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora des Kenia, Mt. Aberdare und Mt. Elgon. VI. Notizblatt des Koniglichen Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 9 (83): 173 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3994334","Schelpe, E. A. C. L. E. (1951) The Pteridophyta of Mount Kenya. American Fern Journal 41 (3): 65 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1545044","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}