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38 results on '"Ashrafi, Samad"'

6. Omnipolyphilins A and B: Chlorinated Cyclotetrapeptides and Naphtho-α-pyranones from the Plant Nematode-Derived Fungus Polyphilus sieberi

Author

Wennrich, Jan-Peer, primary, Ebada, Sherif S., additional, Sepanian, Ellen, additional, Holzenkamp, Caren, additional, Khalid, Syeda J., additional, Schrey, Hedda, additional, Maier, Wolfgang, additional, Mándi, Attila, additional, Kurtán, Tibor, additional, Ashrafi, Samad, additional, and Stadler, Marc, additional

Published
2024
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10. Phaeosphaeriaceae translation elongation factor 1-alpha (Tef1) gene, partial cds.

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, Wennrich, Jan Peer, Becker, Yvonne, Maciá Vicente, Jose, Brißke-Rode, Anke, Daub, Matthias, Thünen, Torsten, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., Finckh, Maria R., Stadler, Marc, Maier, Wolfgang, Ashrafi, Samad, Wennrich, Jan Peer, Becker, Yvonne, Maciá Vicente, Jose, Brißke-Rode, Anke, Daub, Matthias, Thünen, Torsten, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., Finckh, Maria R., Stadler, Marc, and Maier, Wolfgang

Published
2023

11. Phaeosphaeriaceae RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (RPB2) gene, partial cds.

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, Wennrich, Jan Peer, Becker, Yvonne, Maciá Vicente, Jose, Brißke-Rode, Anke, Daub, Matthias, Thünen, Torsten, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., Finckh, Maria R., Stadler, Marc, Maier, Wolfgang, Ashrafi, Samad, Wennrich, Jan Peer, Becker, Yvonne, Maciá Vicente, Jose, Brißke-Rode, Anke, Daub, Matthias, Thünen, Torsten, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., Finckh, Maria R., Stadler, Marc, and Maier, Wolfgang

Published
2023

12. Two New Rhizobiales Species Isolated from Root Nodules of Common Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) Show Different Plant Colonization Strategies

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, primary, Kuzmanović, Nemanja, additional, Patz, Sascha, additional, Lohwasser, Ulrike, additional, Bunk, Boyke, additional, Spröer, Cathrin, additional, Lorenz, Maria, additional, Elhady, Ahmed, additional, Frühling, Anja, additional, Neumann-Schaal, Meina, additional, Verbarg, Susanne, additional, Becker, Matthias, additional, and Thünen, Torsten, additional

Published
2022
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14. Telomere-to-Telomere Genome Sequences across a Single Genus Reveal Highly Variable Chromosome Rearrangement Rates but Absolute Stasis of Chromosome Number

Author

Quenu, Mathieu, primary, Treindl, Artemis D., additional, Lee, Kate, additional, Takemoto, Daigo, additional, Thünen, Torsten, additional, Ashrafi, Samad, additional, Winter, David, additional, Ganley, Austen R. D., additional, Leuchtmann, Adrian, additional, Young, Carolyn A., additional, and Cox, Murray P., additional

Published
2022
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18. New Peptaibiotics and a Cyclodepsipeptide from : Isolation, Identification, Cytotoxic and Nematicidal Activities

Author

Moussa, Ashaimaa Y, Lambert, Christopher, Stradal, Theresia E B, Ashrafi, Samad, Maier, Wolfgang, Stadler, Marc, Helaly, Soleiman E, and HZI,Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7,38124 Braunschweig, Germany.

Subjects
cyclodepsipeptides, Sordariomycetes, structure elucidation, nematicidal activity, peptaibiotics
Abstract

Fungal associations with nematodes have attracted scientific attention because of the need to develop new biocontrol agents. In this context, Ijuhya vitellina, an antagonistic fungus previously isolated from the plant parasitic cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi, was selected to carry out an in-depth metabolomic study for its active metabolites. Herein, three new nonapeptide peptaibols with leucinostatin based sequences were isolated and identified by 1, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS-MS. The absolute configuration was assigned based on Marfay's analysis and Mosher ester formation. The new leucinostatins manifested moderate nematicidal effect against the plant pathogenic nematode Pratylenchus penetrans with LD90 values ranging from 5 to 7 µg/mL. Furthermore, a cyclodepsipeptide, named arthrichitin D, with five amino acid residues attached to a 3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylhexadeca-4,6-dienoic fatty acid chain was discovered and showed weak nematicidal effect against Caenorhabditis elegans. Chaetoglobosin B and its 19-O-acetyl derivative were also obtained as minor metabolites, and the activity of chaetoglobosin B on the actin cytoskeleton of mammalian cells was assessed.

Published
2020

25. Figure 1 from: Ashrafi S, Stadler M, Dababat AA, Richert-Pöggeler KR, Finckh MR, Maier W (2017) Monocillium gamsii sp. nov. and Monocillium bulbillosum: two nematode-associated fungi parasitising the eggs of Heterodera filipjevi. MycoKeys 27: 21-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.27.21254

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, primary, Stadler, Marc, additional, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., additional, Richert-Pöggeler, Katja R., additional, Finckh, Maria R., additional, and Maier, Wolfgang, additional

Published
2017
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27. Figure 3 from: Ashrafi S, Stadler M, Dababat AA, Richert-Pöggeler KR, Finckh MR, Maier W (2017) Monocillium gamsii sp. nov. and Monocillium bulbillosum: two nematode-associated fungi parasitising the eggs of Heterodera filipjevi. MycoKeys 27: 21-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.27.21254

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, primary, Stadler, Marc, additional, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., additional, Richert-Pöggeler, Katja R., additional, Finckh, Maria R., additional, and Maier, Wolfgang, additional

Published
2017
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28. Figure 5 from: Ashrafi S, Stadler M, Dababat AA, Richert-Pöggeler KR, Finckh MR, Maier W (2017) Monocillium gamsii sp. nov. and Monocillium bulbillosum: two nematode-associated fungi parasitising the eggs of Heterodera filipjevi. MycoKeys 27: 21-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.27.21254

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, primary, Stadler, Marc, additional, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., additional, Richert-Pöggeler, Katja R., additional, Finckh, Maria R., additional, and Maier, Wolfgang, additional

Published
2017
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29. Figure 4 from: Ashrafi S, Stadler M, Dababat AA, Richert-Pöggeler KR, Finckh MR, Maier W (2017) Monocillium gamsii sp. nov. and Monocillium bulbillosum: two nematode-associated fungi parasitising the eggs of Heterodera filipjevi. MycoKeys 27: 21-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.27.21254

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, primary, Stadler, Marc, additional, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., additional, Richert-Pöggeler, Katja R., additional, Finckh, Maria R., additional, and Maier, Wolfgang, additional

Published
2017
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30. Figure 2 from: Ashrafi S, Stadler M, Dababat AA, Richert-Pöggeler KR, Finckh MR, Maier W (2017) Monocillium gamsii sp. nov. and Monocillium bulbillosum: two nematode-associated fungi parasitising the eggs of Heterodera filipjevi. MycoKeys 27: 21-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.27.21254

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, primary, Stadler, Marc, additional, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., additional, Richert-Pöggeler, Katja R., additional, Finckh, Maria R., additional, and Maier, Wolfgang, additional

Published
2017
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32. Polydomus karsseniigen. nov. sp. nov. is a dark septate endophyte with a bifunctional lifestyle parasitising eggs of plant parasitic cyst nematodes (Heteroderaspp.)

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, Wennrich, Jan-Peer, Becker, Yvonne, Maciá-Vicente, Jose G., Brißke-Rode, Anke, Daub, Matthias, Thünen, Torsten, Dababat, Abdelfattah A., Finckh, Maria R., Stadler, Marc, and Maier, Wolfgang

Abstract

In this study fungal strains were investigated, which had been isolated from eggs of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi, and roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum(Brassicaceae). The morphology, the interaction with nematodes and plants and the phylogenetic relationships of these strains originating from a broad geographic range covering Western Europe to Asia Minor were studied. Phylogenetic analyses using five genomic loci including ITSrDNA, LSUrDNA, SSUrDNA, rpb2and tef1-αwere carried out. The strains were found to represent a distinct phylogenetic lineage most closely related to Equiseticolaand Ophiosphaerella, and Polydomus karssenii(Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales) is introduced here as a new species representing a monotypic genus. The pathogenicity tests against nematode eggs fulfilled Koch’s postulates using in vitro nematode bioassays and showed that the fungus could parasitise its original nematode host H. filipjevias well as the sugar beet cyst nematode H. schachtii, and colonise cysts and eggs of its hosts by forming highly melanised moniliform hyphae. Light microscopic observations on fungus-root interactions in an axenic system revealed the capacity of the same fungal strain to colonise the roots of wheat and produce melanised hyphae and microsclerotia-like structure typical for dark septate endophytes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy further demonstrated that the fungus colonised the root cells by predominant intercellular growth of hyphae, and frequent formation of appressorium-like as well as penetration peg-like structures through internal cell walls surrounded by callosic papilla-like structures. Different strains of the new fungus produced a nearly identical set of secondary metabolites with various biological activities including nematicidal effects irrespective of their origin from plants or nematodes.

Published
2023
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35. Epichloë scottiisp. nov., a new endophyte isolated from Melica uniflorais the missing ancestor of Epichloë disjuncta

Author

Thünen, Torsten, Becker, Yvonne, Cox, Murray P., and Ashrafi, Samad

Abstract

Here we describe a new, haploid and stroma forming species within the genus Epichloë, as Epichloë scottiisp. nov. The fungus was isolated from Melica unifloragrowing in Bad Harzburg, Germany. Phylogenetic reconstruction using a combined dataset of the tubBand tefAgenes strongly support that E. scottiiis a distinct species and the so far unknown ancestor species of the hybrid E. disjuncta. A distribution analysis showed a high infection rate in close vicinity of the initial sampling site and only two more spots with low infection rates. Genetic variations in key genes required for alkaloid production suggested that E. scottiisp. nov. might not be capable of producing any of the major alkaloids including ergot alkaloid, loline, indole-diterpene and peramine. All isolates and individuals found in the distribution analysis were identified as mating-type B explaining the lack of mature stromata during this study. We further release a telomere-to-telomere de novo assembly of all seven chromosomes and the mitogenome of E. scottiisp. nov.

Published
2022
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37. Description of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. (Nematoda, Sphaeronematidae) from a micro-tidal salt marsh at Mont-Saint-Michel Bay in France.

Author

Ashrafi, Samad, Mugniéry, Didier, van Heese, Evelyn YJ, van Aelst, Adriaan C., Helder, Johannes, and Karssen, Gerrit

Subjects
*NEMATODES, *NEMATODES as biological pest control agents, *BIOLOGICAL pest control agents, *SALT-tolerant crops, *SPECIES distribution, *BIOLOGICAL classification
Abstract

Meloidoderita salina sp. n. is described and illustrated from the halophytic plant Atriplex portulacoides L. (sea purslane) growing in a micro-tidal salt marsh in the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay in France. This new species is the first member of Meloidoderita Poghossian, 1966 collected from a saline environment, and is characterized by the following features: sedentary mature females having a small swollen body with a clear posterior protuberance; slightly dorsally curved stylet, 19.9 μm long, with posteriorly sloping knobs; neck region irregular in shape and twisted; well developed secretory-excretory (S-E) pore, with markedly sclerotized S-E duct running posteriorly; prominent uterus bordered by a thick hyaline wall and filled with eggs. The adult female transforms into a cystoid. Eggs are deposited in both egg-mass and cystoid. Cystoids of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. display a unique sub-cuticular hexagonal beaded pattern. Male without stylet, pharyngeal region degenerated, S-E duct prominent, deirids small, developed testis 97.5 μm long, spicules 18.4 μm long, cloacal opening ventrally protruded, small phasmids posterior to cloaca opening and situated at 5.9 (3.2-7.7) μm from tail end, and conical tail ending in a rounded terminus marked with one (rarely two) ventrally positioned mucro. Additionally, some young males of the new species were observed enveloped in the last J2 cuticle. Second-stage juvenile body 470 μm long, with a 16.4 μm long stylet, prominent rounded knobs set off from the shaft, hemizonid anterior and adjacent to S-E pore, small deirids located just above S-E pore level, genital primordium located at 68-77% of body length, phasmids small and located at about 19 μm from tail tip, and tail 38.7 μm long, tapering to finely pointed terminus with a finger-like projection. Phylogenetic analyses based on the nearly full length small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. revealed a close relationship of the new species with Sphaeronema alni Turkina & Chizhov, 1986 and placed these two species sister to the rest of Criconematina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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38. Rhexocercosporidium matricariae sp. nov.: A New Pathogen on the Medicinal Plant Matricaria recutita .

Author

Götz M, Sommerfeld K, Gärber U, Braun U, and Ashrafi S

Subjects
Plant Leaves microbiology, DNA, Fungal genetics, Germany, Phylogeny, Matricaria microbiology, Plants, Medicinal microbiology, Plant Diseases microbiology
Abstract

A new disease was observed on chamomile plants ( Matricaria recutita ) in various commercially cultivated fields in 2016 and 2017 in Germany. From symptomatic stems and leaves, the fungal species described here was isolated repeatedly. Koch's postulates using in planta experiments were fulfilled by inoculation of chamomile plants proving the fungus to be the causal agent of the disease. Morphological studies and phylogenetic analyses using internal transcribed spacer, large subunit, and translation elongation factor-1α sequences suggested that the fungus represents a new species within the genus Rhexocercosporidium (Helotiales). The data are presented together with a description of the growth parameters and comprehensive illustrations of the new species, Rhexocercosporidium matricariae . All species so far assigned to Rhexocercosporidium are compared and discussed. The combination Rhexocercosporidium microsporum is validated., Competing Interests: The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2024
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