Search

Abstract Background This study aims to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of different resin composite restorations bonded to mid-coronal dentin and proximal root dentin using light-cured, chemical-cured, and dual-cured adhesives immediately and after aging. Nanoleakage and degree of cure were also assessed. Methods Eighty-four molars were divided into mid-coronal dentin and proximal root dentin. Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups based on the restorative systems used, which involved the utilization of light-cured, chemical-cured, and dual-cured adhesives. Half of the specimens underwent µTBS testing after 24 h, while the other half after aging. Representative specimens were analyzed for nanoleakage. The degree of cure of the tested adhesive systems was also assessed. Results Aging showed a significant negative effect on µTBS results and led to increased nanoleakage (p

Improving photovoltaic systems to better withstand variations in temperature and irradiance, lessen steady-state ripples, maintain high efficiency, require less tracking time, and have minimal complexity is becoming increasingly important. The PV array's overall power output is negatively impacted by partial shading because the shaded cells produce less power and consume less power overall, which lowers efficiency and creates localized hotspots. Although bypass diodes may be used to counteract these impacts by rerouting current around cells that are shaded, they can result in several peaks, which complicates maximum power point tracking (MPPT). To manage several peaks and optimize power output, metaheuristic algorithms are compulsory. A recently developed game-based optimization methodology known as Golf Optimization Approach (GOA) is used in this study to find a way to MPPT in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system under partial shading conditions (PSCs). Additionally, the same suggested approach is applied to get optimal parameters for the inverter with the goal of optimizing its voltage and current regulators. It aims to evaluate a plan to lower the output voltage and current's total harmonic distortion and DC voltage error. The proposed technique is contrasted to other tracking approaches such as the traditional Perturb & Observe (P&O), Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO), and Sea-gull Optimization Approach (SOA). Simulation is performed in MATLAB R2022b/SIMULINK environment. The obtained outcomes demonstrate the ability of the suggested technique to enhance the utility grid's power quality and improve the tracking system under various partial shading effects and temperature alterations. The proposed technique achieves a tracking efficiency of 99.8 %, surpassing the effectiveness of both of the previous methods which are at 97.2 % and 96.7 %.

Abstract Background The rapid adoption of ChatGPT in academic settings has raised concerns about its impact on learning, research, and academic integrity. This study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive ChatGPT Usage Scale specifically tailored to postgraduate students, addressing the need for a psychometrically sound instrument to assess the multidimensional nature of ChatGPT usage in higher education. Methods A cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 443 postgraduate students from two Egyptian universities. The initial 39-item scale underwent Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using principal component analysis with Varimax rotation. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the model fit and psychometric properties of the final 15-item measure. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega. Results EFA revealed a three-factor structure explaining 49.186% of the total variance: Academic Writing Aid (20.438%), Academic Task Support (14.410%), and Reliance and Trust (14.338%). CFA confirmed the three-factor structure with acceptable fit indices (χ2(87) = 223.604, p

This work addresses the important issue of frequency stability in shipboard microgrids (SMGs), which are confronted with difficulties because of the alternating power insertion from green sources and low system inertia. In order to sustain a consistent frequency (despite system uncertainties), a study and precisely calibrated regulator is necessary. Therefore, this article proposed a new combined three degree of freedom proportional integral derivative (3DOF-PID) and tilted-integral (TI) regulators for achieving enhanced system performance, robustness, and enhance the frequency performance of a power grid. The superior performance of the suggested 3DOF-PID-TI has been assured by comparing it with three distinct controller architectures (FOPID, PDPID2 and 2DOF-PID) for the multi-energy SMG system. The investigation also took into account the temporal delays brought on by the communication links between the sensor and the regulator. The triangulation topology aggregation optimizer (TTAO), a relatively new meta-heuristic technique that hasn’t been employed to load frequency control (LFC) issues until recently, was employed to adjust the controllers’ parameters. The TTAO’s frequency performance outcomes were thoroughly contrasted to those of other optimization algorithms (i.e., Chimp, Whale, and Gradient-Based Optimization Algorithms) so as to evaluate the optimization efficacy of the suggested optimizer. The findings showed that the proposed 3DOF-PID-TI controller, whose parameters has been tuned by TTAO, outperformed its competitors in terms of overshoot (15.87mHz), undershoot (-29.04mHz), settling time (2.49sec) and performance index (i.e., ITAE(0.0171)). Additionally, the suggested controller’s robustness was assessed in a range of SMG operating situations as ex. (Random Multi-Step Variation in Load, Real Data on Stochastic Power Fluctuations, Energy Storage System Impact on the system and sensitivity analysis). The acquired data amply proved that when crucial system parameters experience a substantial variation, the controller’s gains set under normal circumstances do not need to be re-tuned.

This paper, titled "Binary Oppositions in Margaret Atwood's The Edible Woman," comprises two integral sections: a theoretical framework and an applied study. The theoretical framework delves into the concept of binary oppositions through a structuralist lens, providing a comprehensive definition and understanding within the realm of literary analysis. In the applied study, the focus narrows to Atwood's 1969 novel, The Edible Woman. Here, the analysis scrutinizes the contrasting dichotomies woven throughout the characters, narrative, and writing style of the novel. By dissecting these opposing elements, the study uncovers profound layers of meaning and underscores the inherent tension and complexity within the text. In The Edible Woman, various pairs of characters are utilized by the author to explore contrasting dynamics and themes, particularly related to identity, gender roles, and societal expectations. Furthermore, the distinctive narrative structure plays a pivotal role in conveying the evolving psychological state of the protagonist, Marian. A striking symbol of her transformation and shifting mental state is found in the contrasting depictions of her two trips to the supermarket. The marked differences in language and style employed to describe these outings serve to accentuate Marian's profound character evolution, her passage from confusion and loss to regained identity and clarity.

Performance poetry, in general, is a multifaceted field: a varied art form that emerged from many different traditions. The main conception of oral poetry that can describe this poetic technique is spoken-word poetry. Performance poetry and spoken word have to incorporate into groups with much broader definitions of spoken poetry. One of the most visible conceptions of performance poetry is the poet's presence at the place of performance. It is argumentative because the poet assumes authorship and responsibility for the poem by performing it in front of his audience. The following study examines the effect of spoken word poetry on the development of performance. Also, this study reveals that the use of spoken word poetry on the stage impacts the development of the poet's performance. Allen Ginsberg is one of the most well-known poets who innovated in this field. Other poets are changing the genre by using their voices as their medium. The audience finds Ginsberg's feeling of presence to be inspirational. This study explores spoken word poetry's capacity to stimulate transformation by addressing urgent social issues. One conclusion that could come out of this research is that while the spoken word is a tool for creative expression, it may also serve as a medium as a channel for internal representation, which could ultimately lead to social action and change. The spoken word in this research illustrates the poet's ability to integrate performance with poetic literature. موضوع هذا البحث يدور حول رؤي ( آلان جنسبرج ) لدور الأداء بمزجه مع الكلمة المنطوقة لبلورة ملامح أسلوبه الأدائي للشعر من خلال دراسة وصفية تحليلية لشرح فكرته الرئيسة التي اعتمدت علي تطبيقه للكلمة المنطوقة من خلال أدائه لمجلده "عويل وقصائد أخري مثل "عويل" (1955-1954), "عباد الشمس سوترا" (1955)، "أمريكا"(1956)، "سوبرماركت في كاليفورنيا" (1956). كما تبين هذه الدراسة قدرة "جنسبرج" في توظيف قصائده مستخدماً الكلمة المنطوقة على تحفيز التحول من خلال معالجة القضايا الاجتماعية الملحة بتأثيره علي المستمع ليضمن تفاعله مع أحد الاستنتاجات التي يمكن أن يخرج بها هذا البحث : هو أن الكلمة المنطوقة هي أداة للتعبير الإبداعي وقد تكون أيضا بمنزلة وسيلة للتمثيل الداخلي ، مما يؤدي في النهاية إلى العمل الاجتماعي والتغيير، كما تتجلي قدرة " جنسبرج " في دمج الأداء في الأدب الشعري مع الكلمة المنطوقة لتشكيل ملامح أسلوبه الشعري بجانب تأثيره علي الجمهور.

This paper, "Cultural Appropriation in Ayad Akhtar's Disgraced," defines cultural appropriation, discusses its benefits and drawbacks, and examines how the play deals with this topic. It is divided into two sections: (a) The theoretical part provides a brief overview of the concept of cultural appropriation and how it is a debatable one; (b) the practical section deals with actual applications. The study concludes that, due to the absence of offensiveness, harm, stereotypes, immorality, property violation, and misrepresentation, the heroine's borrowing from the Islamic culture is not regarded as cultural appropriation. However, Amir's denial of promotion and Imam Fareed and Abe's punishment for upholding their Islamic heritage constitute what is known as cultural appropriation. The misinterpretation of the Holy Qur'an, in addition to Amir's portrait, is considered cultural appropriation. Cultural appropriation needs not always be negative; it could result in something incredibly innovative and successful. Misconceptions and stereotypes are sometimes the fault of some immigrants due to their shameful deeds. Islam has been addressed in terms of racial prejudice, impassion, and political objectives. Finally, in order to avoid losing their unique identities, immigrants should integrate rather than assimilate. تحاول هذه الورقة البحثية، الاستلاب الثقافي في مسرحية المخزي (2012) للكاتب إياد أختر، تعريف الاستيلاء الثقافي، ومناقشة أنواعه وطرقه، وفوائده وعيوبه، وأخيرا دراسة كيفية تعامل المسرحية مع هذا الموضوع. تنقسم الدراسة إلى قسمين: يقدم الجزء النظري لمحة موجزة عن مفهوم الاستلاب الثقافي وكيف أنه مثير للجدل، ويتعامل القسم العملي مع التطبيقات الفعلية لهذا الموضوع. توصلت الدراسة إلى الاستنتاجات التالية. نظرًا لغياب الإساءة والضرر والقوالب النمطية والفجور وانتهاك الملكية والتضليل، فإن استعارة إميلي من الثقافة الإسلامية لا يعتبر استلابا ثقافيا. ومع ذلك فإن عقاب الإمام فريد وآبي على التمسك بتراثهما الإسلامي وربح إيملي من الاستلاب على الفنون الإسلامية يشكل ما يعرف باسم الاستلاب الثقافي. ويعد التفسير الخاطئ للقرآن الكريم بالإضافة إلى رسم أمير على هيئة عبد استلابا ثقافيا. إن الاستيلاب الثقافي ليس دائما سلبيًا؛ إذ يمكن أن يؤدي إلى أشياء مبتكرة وناجحة بشكل لا يصدق، وأعمال وليام شكسبير من خير الأمثلة على ذلك. المفاهيم الخاطئة والصور النمطية هي في بعض الأحيان خطأ بعض المهاجرين بسبب أفعالهم المخزية. لقد تم تناول الإسلام (دائما) من منظور التحيز العنصري والعاطفة الملتهبة والأهداف السياسية. أخيرًا يجب على المهاجرين أن يتبنوا مفهوم الاندماج بدلاً من مفهوم الذوبان الثقافي من أجل تجنب فقدان هوياتهم الأصلية.

Objectives: This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of different finishing and polishing (F/P) systems on surface roughness (SR) and microbial adhesion to bulk fill (BF) composites. Materials and Methods: An electronic search of 3 databases (the National Library of Medicine [MEDLINE/PubMed], Scopus, and ScienceDirect) was conducted. Only in vitro studies that evaluated SR and microbial adhesion to BF composites were included. The included studies were individually evaluated for the risk of bias following predetermined criteria. A meta-analysis of the reviewed studies was conducted to compare the SR values of both Filtek Bulk Fill and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill with and without F/P using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Results: A total of 12 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between Filtek Bulk Fill and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill without F/P or after F/P using multi-step systems. Different F/P systems affected the SR values, on the other hand, did not affect microbial adhesion values. Conclusion: Both Filtek Bulk Fill and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill had comparable roughness results. Multi-step systems may be preferable for F/P of BF composites.

Recently, numerical relays with communication capabilities have been employed to provide adaptive solutions for Distributed Generations (DGs) protection issues. This paper presents an adaptive protection scheme based on centralized and decentralized communication to address DG protection problems. The proposed method uses two directional relays in each feeder, one at the beginning (called forward relay) and one at the end (called reverse relay). These relays can communicate with each other and the central unit. The centralized communication occurs between the central unit and the relays in the system when any relay’s status changes from connected to disconnected or vice versa. It aims to define the operation mode, islanding detection, and activate the relays settings to achieve proper coordination. Protective relays are coordinated using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize protection time. The optimization problem considers pick up current (Ipu), Time Multiplier Setting (TMS), Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM), and curve type. Decentralized communication, which occurs when any relay detects a fault, increases relays’ accuracy and speed of decision-making. This paper also proposes a novel method for detecting High Impedance Faults (HIF), a significant difficulty for protecting engineers as it draws a very low current that conventional overcurrent relays fail to detect in most cases. HIF is detected using wavelet transform, symlet 8, detail 2 (d2), and relay communication. On the IEC benchmark microgrid, the suggested algorithm is tested. ETAP is used for load flow analysis and short circuit analysis, whereas MATLAB is used for GA optimization, HIF modelling, and wavelet transform routines.

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a modified percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (MPRG) technique under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance without endoscopic or nasogastric access. Results The study included 24 patients: 10 males and 14 females whose ages ranged from 44 to 80 years old. Ten patients had esophageal cancer and 14 patients had neck cancer. Technical success was achieved in 23 out of the 25 procedures (92%). Two procedures failed (8%) and were converted to the conventional technique by using the nasogastric tube. No major complications were reported. Minor complications were observed in 5 patients (20%): intraperitoneal air and contrast leakage in 4 patients and focal mucosal dissection by the contrast in 1 patient. Conclusion The MPRG has high technical success rate, is safe with no major complications, and is most feasible when endoscopic or nasogastric access cannot be performed.

God Almighty made form and value of the first tools of communication and communication visual and intellectual, as well as between humans and other organisms alive or dead and it is considered as a language can through the recipient and his culture to judge anything he sees God has told us this by saying, "Those who think about the creation of the heavens and the earth, our Lord, have not created this in vain, Glory be to you, we have given up the torment of the Fire."Through the study, the scientific concepts that have been used in the reception area, restaurants, restrooms, hotel and office building have been linked to a multi-purpose building through the application of the concepts and formation of cosmic architecture, which in turn mimics the nature of this building.1 - the use of technological elements simulate nature and the use of these elements to simulate the architecture of the universe.2 - Technological methods and the use of computer technology in the adaptation and formation of blocks both internal and external building to fit the composition of the architectural architecture of cosmic architecture internally and externally.3 - Study the concept of shape through the stages of history to take advantage of the architectural configuration of cosmic architecture. 4 - Study the characteristics of the architectural vacuum to achieve the relationship of the architectural composition of the minarets and domes and make use of them in the interior design. 5 - Study of the architectural block and how to study the architectural analysis of the architectural elements in order to achieve the idea of ​​modernizing these elements and units to suit the technological development. 6 - Identification of solutions and formulations of multiple by careful consideration of the architectural form of cosmic architecture.7 - to draw the concept of value through the study of the formal values ​​of cosmic architecture.8 - Through the consideration of the applied project, the researcher benefited from the study of the formal and technological values ​​of cosmic architecture and applied to all places in the multi-purpose building

A forward genetic screening approach identified orf19.2500 as a gene controlling Candida albicans biofilm dispersal and biofilm detachment. Three-dimensional (3D) protein modeling and bioinformatics revealed that orf19.2500 is a conserved mitochondrial protein, structurally similar to, but functionally diverged from, the squalene/phytoene synthases family. The C. albicans orf19.2500 is distinguished by 3 evolutionarily acquired stretches of amino acid inserts, absent from all other eukaryotes except a small number of ascomycete fungi. Biochemical assays showed that orf19.2500 is required for the assembly and activity of the NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase Complex I (CI) of the respiratory electron transport chain (ETC) and was thereby named NDU1. NDU1 is essential for respiration and growth on alternative carbon sources, important for immune evasion, required for virulence in a mouse model of hematogenously disseminated candidiasis, and for potentiating resistance to antifungal drugs. Our study is the first report on a protein that sets the Candida-like fungi phylogenetically apart from all other eukaryotes, based solely on evolutionary "gain" of new amino acid inserts that are also the functional hub of the protein.

This study aimed to compare the identification frequency and composition of bacteria isolated from catheter and urine in urologic patients. Methods: Ninety patients with urethral catheters were involved in the study. Urinary and catheter cultures were taken simultaneously from each patient and cultured on MacConkey's agar. Urine culture and sensitivity were performed for all samples in pre- and postoperative periods. Swab culture and sensitivity from the surface of intraluminal urethral catheters were performed for all cases in the post-operative period. Results: The median indwelling period of the catheters was 8 days (range 3 to 21). The overall positive rate of catheter culture was significantly greater than that of urine culture, even in subjects without a recent antibacterial agent history. Urine cultures and catheter cultures did not match each other completely. The percentage of patients who had the same bacterial species isolated from both specimens increased in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions: Not all species of bacteria colonizing the intraluminal surface of the urethral catheter were detected as urinary bacteria. Bacterial colonization on the intraluminal catheter surface could precede the emergence of bacteriuria.

With the beginning of the 20th century, scientific progress has a direct impact on all Fields, especially the field of fine art, so the artwork has become a field to practice everything new, and appearance of modern art schools with their artistic and aesthetic styles, but those aesthetic and artistic concepts were quickly renewed by the appearance of the (Chaos Theory) and its application on Visual art, It was possible to obtain technical amazing results which hide a beautiful random organized sensational made it a new way to develop world art, One of the most important design systems in which this theory depends on is "module" as the system's unit of artwork; Based on mathematical systems and geometric foundations that follow very precise laws that helped to detect aesthetic proportions and proportions of geometric shapes and systems, showing The full connection between all of them in the formation of creative designs based on the geometric organization in the distribution of the elements of design and their repetition within the artistic surface in the form of pattern or color sequences formed a new meaning of creative concepts in the artistic composition. This theory helped the designers to realize that systems in nature hides a lot of the stunts that help to get a permanent regeneration aesthetics, and by applying it, it has been possible to organize randomness in art, so the designer has to combine both of module and repetitions through the chaos theory and choose one the geometrical Division of areas in line with the artistic design through an applied module system to get ideas for patterns innovative design based on the replication and distribution of elements within the design area with the aim of reaching new rules in the design structure with freedom of controlling Traditional ways, and module designs have an artistic values ​​that reflect the spirit of modern art and fit as designs for ladies' evening fabrics in modern print styles.

Nature is the source of endless inspiration and is the source of many principles of design such as the linear establishment in the tree and the construction of cortical in the egg and cuckoo and the structural structure in the skeleton and thoracic crotch and sprawling formation in spider webs and the universe is full of mechanisms of creativity of stars and planets represent unity and cohesion and continuity As well as in nature, color and shape, and nature reveals to us the principles of many of them rhythm and compatibility in their various forms, which are the scientific assets on which the design of Origami in the inspiration of organic theory. Origami 折 り 紙 is known as a Japanese art, which means folding paper into stereotypes. The aim of origami art is to transform flat paper into a three-dimensional work using folding and sculpture techniques and combine these techniques with various forms of paper to create complex designs that are somewhat Complexity usually has a specific shape that either resembles an object or a general state. Each of the two vital aspects of organic and structural engineering theory stemming from Origami is due to one source. The structural and organic basis is a true derivation from a natural introduction.

لقد عرف العصر المملوکی (684: 923ه/ 1250: 1517م) بنهضة معماریة وفنیة غیر مسبوقة، وجاء المنزل المملوکی مرتبطاً بالحیاة الاجتماعیة ، والاقتصادیة،والسیاسیة، وأحکام الدین والعرف ، والعادات والتقالید السائدة، فانعکس ذلک علی تخطیط البیت والعناصر التی تحویه ، مراعاة وتأثرا بهذه الظروف سالفة الذکر ، فکثرة الفتن والاضطرابات کان دافع للفصل بین الرجال والنساء بشکل أکثر تشددا عما کان علیه من عصور سابقة فتم إبداع عناصر جدیدة تلاءم الأغراض والمهام الجدیدة والتی لها قیمة معنویة ووظیفیة تساعد فی تشکیل الفراغ الخارجی والداخلی للبیت ذات القیمة التاریخیة، والشکل (1) یوضح العناصر المؤثرة علی القیمة المعنویة والوظیفیة للبیت. مشکلة البحث :- فقدان منهجیه الترابط بین البیت-( وقیمته المادیة والمعنویة)- وسکان المنطقة. فقدان التفاعل بین الفراغات الداخلیة للبیت والمحیط البیئی و الاجتماعی. هدف البحث : یهدف البحث إلى : وضع منهجیه لمعالجة الفراغات الداخلیة للبیوت ذات القیمة التاریخیة وتشمل أبعاد مختلفة (بعد اجتماعی، بعد اقتصادی، بعد بیئی) یظهر مردودها من خلال القیم المادیة والمعنویة للفراغات. فروض البحث : الجمع بین القیم المعنویة والوظیفیة فی إعادة توظیف یزید من حلقة الترابط بین البیت والمحیط المجتمعی والبیئی. ازدواجیة الجمع بین السیرة التاریخیة للبیت واحتیاجات المحیط المجتمعی والبیئی یزید من فرص نجاح توظیف فراغاته الداخلیة. أهمیة البحث: تظهر أهمیة البحث فی الاعتماد على القیم المادیة والمعنویة للبیوت ذات القیمة التاریخیة للحصول على فراغ داخلی للبیت أکثر ارتباطا بالأفراد والمحیط المجتمعی. حدود البحث: حدود مکانیه : القاهرة التاریخیة. حدود زمانیة : تناول أحدی نماذج بیوت الممالیک الجراکسة فی الفترة ( 784 : 923ه) – (1382 : 1517م ). منهجیة البحث: ویتبع البحث المنهج الاستقرائی التحلیلی من خلال قراءة الماضی للبیوت ذات القیمة التاریخیة العلمیة فی موضوع البحث والمنهج التحلیلی الوصفی للوصول إلى حل مشکلة البحث.

Abstract Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is often not diagnosed or treated quickly enough to alter outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the lag times from disease onset to first clinical consultation and diagnosis and to identify factors contributing to delayed diagnosis in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study collected data on 250 patients, from six hospitals in Saudi Arabia, who met the 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria for RA. Results: The patients mean age was 43.3±12.0 years (mean disease duration: 6.6±5.8 years). The majority were female (84.8%) and presented with joint pain during RA onset (83.6%). On average, they consulted 4.3±2.5 physicians from the first symptoms to the final diagnosis. The mean time from onset to first physician visit (lag 1) was 6.2±5.5 months, whereas the mean time was 30.2±16.0 months between the initial visit and final RA diagnosis (lag 2). Only 3.2% of patients initially sought consultation from a rheumatologist, while 67.2%, 23.6%, and 6.0% first met with orthopedic surgeons, general practitioners, and non-rheumatologists, respectively. Non-rheumatologists offered diagnoses in 24.4% of cases while rheumatologists diagnosed 75.6%. The absence of early hand/wrist involvement and fatigue were associated with delayed RA diagnosis (long lag 2; p

The research aims at : 1. Recognizing values of some biokinematic variables for triple jump jumpers. 2. Recognizing the relationship between the values of some biokinematic variables for triple jump jumpers and achievement. The researchers have adopted the descriptive approach for its convenience to the nature of the research . The sample has included (5) jumpers selected randomly from the students of the college of physical education / Mosul university who represent the college team . The researchers have adopted the technical scientific observation, a questionnaire , test, analysis , measurement and evaluation as means of collecting data to obtain some biokinematic variables for triple jump jumpers. The most important biokinematic variables have been selected to be analyzed and studied which are: ankle angle, knee angle, leg angle , hip angle , trunk angle, angular velocity , the circumference speed . Those variables are for the hopscotch , step and jump. The final experiment has been photographed on 23/2/2012 at the stadium of the college of physical education / Mosul university for all jumpers via the participations of the jumpers in the test in which each jumper has performed (6) attempts according to the law of this game. The analysis has been performed on the best successful attempt. The researchers have used the following statistical treatments : arithmetic mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient (Pearson). The researchers have concluded the following : 1. There was negative significant relationship for leg angle with achievement level at the stage of (impact) the hopscotch. 2. There was negative significant relationship for the leg angle speed with achievement level at the stage of colliding the hopscotch. 3. There was negative significant relationship for the rest of the biokinematic variables at the three stages ( collision, absorption and pushing ) in hopscotch , step and jump.

Recently, hybrid algorithms have received considerable attention from a number of researchers. This paper presents a hybrid of the multiobjective evolutionary algorithm to gain a better accuracy of the fi nal solutions. The aim of using the hybrid algorithm is to improve the multiobjective evolutionary algorithm performance in terms of the enhancement of all the individuals in the population and increase the quality of the Pareto optimal solutions. The multiobjective evolutionary algorithm used in this study is a nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) together with its hybrid, the backpropagation algorithm (BP), which is used as a local search algorithm to optimize the accuracy and complexity of the three-term backpropagation (TBP) network. The outcome positively demonstrates that the hybrid algorithm is able to improve the classification performance with a smaller number of hidden nodes and is effective in multiclass classifi cation problems. Furthermore, the results indicate that the proposed hybrid method is a potentially useful classifi er for enhancing the classification process ability when compared with the multiobjective genetic algorithm based on the TBP network (MOGATBP) and certain other methods found in the literature.

We present a simplified and fast method to obtain high-quality sequences directly from PCRs without the traditional gel purification. We also report on an improved method to obtain sequence-quality PCR products from microorganisms that are difficult to lyse with no need for DNA extraction. The technique uses exonuclease I and shrimp alkaline phosphatase to degrade residual dNTPs and primers. Our technique is shown to work on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of different resin composite restorations bonded to mid-coronal dentin and proximal root dentin using light-cured, chemical-cured, and dual-cured adhesives immediately and after aging. Nanoleakage and degree of cure were also assessed. Methods: Eighty-four molars were divided into mid-coronal dentin and proximal root dentin. Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups based on the restorative systems used, which involved the utilization of light-cured, chemical-cured, and dual-cured adhesives. Half of the specimens underwent µTBS testing after 24 h, while the other half after aging. Representative specimens were analyzed for nanoleakage. The degree of cure of the tested adhesive systems was also assessed. Results: Aging showed a significant negative effect on µTBS results and led to increased nanoleakage (p < 0.001). Furthermore, in all subgroups, the µTBS values of proximal root dentin were lower compared to mid-coronal dentin, except in the aged subgroup for the system utilizing the dual-cured adhesive. The restorative systems with chemical and dual-cured adhesives demonstrated comparable bonding properties. However, the system with the light-cured adhesive exhibited the worst bonding properties after aging when bonded to proximal root dentin and cured at a large distance (p < 0.05). Conclusions: All tested restorative systems were negatively affected by aging, and the regional dentin had variable effects on the bonding properties. Clinicians should exercise caution when using the tested light-cured adhesive in areas where the curing distance exceeds 3 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving photovoltaic systems to better withstand variations in temperature and irradiance, lessen steady-state ripples, maintain high efficiency, require less tracking time, and have minimal complexity is becoming increasingly important. The PV array's overall power output is negatively impacted by partial shading because the shaded cells produce less power and consume less power overall, which lowers efficiency and creates localized hotspots. Although bypass diodes may be used to counteract these impacts by rerouting current around cells that are shaded, they can result in several peaks, which complicates maximum power point tracking (MPPT). To manage several peaks and optimize power output, metaheuristic algorithms are compulsory. A recently developed game-based optimization methodology known as Golf Optimization Approach (GOA) is used in this study to find a way to MPPT in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system under partial shading conditions (PSCs). Additionally, the same suggested approach is applied to get optimal parameters for the inverter with the goal of optimizing its voltage and current regulators. It aims to evaluate a plan to lower the output voltage and current's total harmonic distortion and DC voltage error. The proposed technique is contrasted to other tracking approaches such as the traditional Perturb & Observe (P&O), Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO), and Sea-gull Optimization Approach (SOA). Simulation is performed in MATLAB R2022b/SIMULINK environment. The obtained outcomes demonstrate the ability of the suggested technique to enhance the utility grid's power quality and improve the tracking system under various partial shading effects and temperature alterations. The proposed technique achieves a tracking efficiency of 99.8 %, surpassing the effectiveness of both of the previous methods which are at 97.2 % and 96.7 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP) is a debilitating condition that is associated with many types of injury/diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Patients with longstanding diabetes develop diabetic PNP (DPNP), which is resilient to currently available drugs. The underlying molecular mechanisms of DPNP are still illusive, but Kv 7 channels that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various types of chronic pain are likely to be involved. Indeed, using the streptozotocin (STZ) rat model of DPNP, we have previously shown that Kv 7 activation with their non-selective activator retigabine attenuated neuropathic pain behavior suggesting that these channels are implicated in DPNP pathogenesis. Here, we evaluated, in the same STZ model, whether the more potent and more selective Kv 7 channel openers flupirtine and ML213 attenuate STZ-induced pain hypersensitivity. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats (250– 300 g) were used. The STZ model involved a single injection of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.). Behavioral testing for mechanical and heat pain sensitivity was performed using a dynamic plantar aesthesiometer and Hargreaves analgesiometer, respectively. Results: STZ rats exhibited behavioral signs of mechanical and heat hypersensitivity as indicated by significant decreases in the mean paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and mean paw withdrawal latency (PWL), respectively, at 35 days post-STZ treatment. Single injections of flupirtine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and ML213 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) to STZ rats (35-days after STZ treatment) caused significant increases in the mean PWT, but not PWL, indicating attenuation of mechanical, but not heat hypersensitivity. Both flupirtine and ML213 were as effective as the positive control gabapentin (10/kg, i.p.), and their anti-allodynic effects were prevented by the Kv 7 channel-specific blocker XE991 (3 mg/kg, i.p.). Conclusion: The findings suggest that Kv 7 channels are involved in the mechanisms of mechanical but not heat hypersensitivity associated with DPNP, and that their activation may prove to be effective in alleviating DPNP symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the internal adaptation ofrestorative systems bonded to mid-coronal and gingival dentin using light-cured, chemical-cured, and dual-cured adhesives, both immediately and after aging. Methods: 60 molars were selected and received occluso-mesial preparations with dentin gingival margins. Restorations were performed using different restorative systems with light-cured, chemical-cured, and dual-cured adhesives. Internal adaptation was assessed by examining the percentage of continuous margin (%CM) at the pulpal and gingival dentin under a scanning electron microscope at x200 magnification. Halfofthe teeth were stored in sterile water for 24 hours, while the other half underwent 10,000 thermal cycles, Micro-niorphological analysis was conducted on representative samples at x 1,000 magnification. Results: The restorative system with light-cured adhesive exhibited significantly lower %CM values at the gingival dentin, particularly after aging. Aging had a negative impact on the %CM values of the pulpal and gingival dentin in restorative systems with light-cured and dual-cured adhesives. Regional dentin variations influenced the °/oCM values, especially after aging, regardless of the restorative system used. The tested restorative system with chemical-cured adhesive is preferable for achieving improved internal adaptation when bonding to both mid-coronal and gingival dentin, compared to the other tested systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The applications of natural antimicrobial compounds from plants in food becomes very frequent. Olive leaves extracts were assessed as antimicrobial agents. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, and ethanol 50% were used for extraction of phytochemicals and disk diffusion method was applied against tested bacterial strains. Ethanol 50% revealed the greater extraction yield 22.5% followed by methanol 8.2%. Ethyl acetate, methanol, and ethanol 50% extracts showed good antibacterial activity against Gram- positive strains at concentration 10 mg/disk whereas Listeria monocytogenes was the most susceptible strain followed by Staphylococcus aureus. In agreement with the current trend of raising the value to natural resources, the direct addition of natural compounds to food is the most common method of application. Olive leaves powder was added to minced meat as a preservative at concentrations of crude extract percent of ethanol 50% equivalent to dried olive leaves powder: 16 and 32 mg crude extract per gram of meat. Results indicated that minced meat treated with olive leaves powder showed a decrease in total viable count as well as total coliform count in comparison with control along storage period at 4 : 6°C. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were killed by the effect of olive leaves powder addition in meat samples. Organoleptic evaluation showed that olive leaves powder at concentration 16 mg/g enhanced the taste of minced meat with no significant differences in comparison with control sample in other sensory attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plants are the largest biochemical and pharmaceutical stores ever known on our planet. Some medicinal plants have not found wider application and sometimes are referred as "forgotten plants". Antimicrobial activity of Ipomoea carnea and Tamarix nilotica were evaluated by disk diffusion method and broth microdilution method. Extraction was performed by ethanol 50%. Results showed antibacterial activity of Tamarix nilotica extract with inhibition zones; 15, 14 and 19 mm against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Ipomoea carnea extract revealed a good effect against Staph. aureus with 18 mm inhibition zone and MIC value against Staph. aureus was 8 mg/ml. Gram positive bacteria; B. cereus and L. monocytogenes showed MIC value at 16 mg/ml likewise E. coli was at 16 mg/ml. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium were inhibited at 64 and 32 mg/ml, respectively. Gram positive strains were also susceptible to Tamarix nilotica extract with MIC values from 8 to 32 mg/ml. Gram negative strains were more resistant as MIC value were at 64 and 128 mg/ml. Bactericidal activity (MLC) at 16 mg/ml for both extracts against Staph. aureus while P. aeruginosa showed MIC at 128 mg/ml with Tamarix nilotica extract. Fungal strains were more resistant to the tested plant extracts whereas Ipomoea carnea extract showed MIC value 16 mg/ml against Penicillium italicum while Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus stolonifera not inhibited at the highest concentration 128 mg/ml the yeast strains: Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans were inhibited at 64 mg/ml. Tamarix nilotica extract showed MIC values ranged from 64 to 128 mg/ml against all tested fungal strains. It is reasonable to assessing their applicability and benefits using modern scientific analysis methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]