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14 results on '"Ashraf, Samaneh"'

1. Anthropogenic drought dominates groundwater depletion in Iran.

Author

Ashraf, Samaneh, Nazemi, Ali, and AghaKouchak, Amir

Abstract

Using publicly-available average monthly groundwater level data in 478 sub-basins and 30 basins in Iran, we quantify country-wide groundwater depletion in Iran. Natural and anthropogenic elements affecting the dynamics of groundwater storage are taken into account and quantified during the period of 2002-2015. We estimate that the total groundwater depletion in Iran to be ~ 74 km3 during this period with highly localized and variable rates of change at basin and sub-basin scales. The impact of depletion in Irans groundwater reserves is already manifested by extreme overdrafts in ~ 77% of Irans land area, a growing soil salinity across the entire country, and increasing frequency and extent of land subsidence in Irans planes. While meteorological/hydrological droughts act as triggers and intensify the rate of depletion in country-wide groundwater storage, basin-scale groundwater depletions in Iran are mainly caused by extensive human water withdrawals. We warn that continuation of unsustainable groundwater management in Iran can lead to potentially irreversible impacts on land and environment, threatening countrys water, food, socio-economic security.

Published
2021

2. Extreme heat events heighten soil respiration.

Author

Anjileli, Hassan, Huning, Laurie, Moftakhari, Hamed, Ashraf, Samaneh, Asanjan, Ata, Norouzi, Hamid, and AghaKouchak, Amir

Abstract

In the wake of climate change, extreme events such as heatwaves are considered to be key players in the terrestrial biosphere. In the past decades, the frequency and severity of heatwaves have risen substantially, and they are projected to continue to intensify in the future. One key question is therefore: how do changes in extreme heatwaves affect the carbon cycle? Although soil respiration (Rs) is the second largest contributor to the carbon cycle, the impacts of heatwaves on Rs have not been fully understood. Using a unique set of continuous high frequency in-situ measurements from our field site, we characterize the relationship between Rs and heatwaves. We further compare the Rs response to heatwaves across ten additional sites spanning the contiguous United States (CONUS). Applying a probabilistic framework, we conclude that during heatwaves Rs rates increase significantly, on average, by ~ 26% relative to that of non-heatwave conditions over the CONUS. Since previous in-situ observations have not measured the Rs response to heatwaves (e.g., rate, amount) at the high frequency that we present here, the terrestrial feedback to the carbon cycle may be underestimated without capturing these high frequency extreme heatwave events.

Published
2021

3. COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil‐atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data

Author

Bond‐Lamberty, Ben, Christianson, Danielle S, Malhotra, Avni, Pennington, Stephanie C, Sihi, Debjani, AghaKouchak, Amir, Anjileli, Hassan, Arain, M Altaf, Armesto, Juan J, Ashraf, Samaneh, Ataka, Mioko, Baldocchi, Dennis, Black, Thomas Andrew, Buchmann, Nina, Carbone, Mariah S, Chang, Shih‐Chieh, Crill, Patrick, Curtis, Peter S, Davidson, Eric A, Desai, Ankur R, Drake, John E, El‐Madany, Tarek S, Gavazzi, Michael, Görres, Carolyn‐Monika, Gough, Christopher M, Goulden, Michael, Gregg, Jillian, del Arroyo, Omar Gutiérrez, He, Jin‐Sheng, Hirano, Takashi, Hopple, Anya, Hughes, Holly, Järveoja, Järvi, Jassal, Rachhpal, Jian, Jinshi, Kan, Haiming, Kaye, Jason, Kominami, Yuji, Liang, Naishen, Lipson, David, Macdonald, Catriona A, Maseyk, Kadmiel, Mathes, Kayla, Mauritz, Marguerite, Mayes, Melanie A, McNulty, Steve, Miao, Guofang, Migliavacca, Mirco, Miller, Scott, Miniat, Chelcy F, Nietz, Jennifer G, Nilsson, Mats B, Noormets, Asko, Norouzi, Hamidreza, O’Connell, Christine S, Osborne, Bruce, Oyonarte, Cecilio, Pang, Zhuo, Peichl, Matthias, Pendall, Elise, Perez‐Quezada, Jorge F, Phillips, Claire L, Phillips, Richard P, Raich, James W, Renchon, Alexandre A, Ruehr, Nadine K, Sánchez‐Cañete, Enrique P, Saunders, Matthew, Savage, Kathleen E, Schrumpf, Marion, Scott, Russell L, Seibt, Ulli, Silver, Whendee L, Sun, Wu, Szutu, Daphne, Takagi, Kentaro, Takagi, Masahiro, Teramoto, Munemasa, Tjoelker, Mark G, Trumbore, Susan, Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Varner, Ruth K, Verfaillie, Joseph, Vogel, Christoph, Wang, Jinsong, Winston, Greg, Wood, Tana E, Wu, Juying, Wutzler, Thomas, Zeng, Jiye, Zha, Tianshan, Zhang, Quan, and Zou, Junliang

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Environmental Sciences, Climate Action, Atmosphere, Carbon Dioxide, Ecosystem, Greenhouse Gases, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, Reproducibility of Results, Respiration, Soil, carbon dioxide, greenhouse gases, methane, open data, open science, soil respiration, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Biological sciences, Earth sciences, Environmental sciences
Abstract

Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil-to-atmosphere CO2 flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (RS ), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high-frequency RS measurements (typically, from an automated system with hourly sampling) have been made over the last two decades; an increasing number of methane measurements are being made with such systems as well. Such high frequency data are an invaluable resource for understanding GHG fluxes, but lack a central database or repository. Here we describe the lightweight, open-source COSORE (COntinuous SOil REspiration) database and software, that focuses on automated, continuous and long-term GHG flux datasets, and is intended to serve as a community resource for earth sciences, climate change syntheses and model evaluation. Contributed datasets are mapped to a single, consistent standard, with metadata on contributors, geographic location, measurement conditions and ancillary data. The design emphasizes the importance of reproducibility, scientific transparency and open access to data. While being oriented towards continuously measured RS , the database design accommodates other soil-atmosphere measurements (e.g. ecosystem respiration, chamber-measured net ecosystem exchange, methane fluxes) as well as experimental treatments (heterotrophic only, etc.). We give brief examples of the types of analyses possible using this new community resource and describe its accompanying R software package.

Published
2020

5. Compounding effects of human activities and climatic changes on surface water availability in Iran

Author

Ashraf, Samaneh, AghaKouchak, Amir, Nazemi, Ali, Mirchi, Ali, Sadegh, Mojtaba, Moftakhari, Hamed R., Hassanzadeh, Elmira, Miao, Chi-Yuan, Madani, Kaveh, Mousavi Baygi, Mohammad, Anjileli, Hassan, Arab, Davood Reza, Norouzi, Hamid, Mazdiyasni, Omid, Azarderakhsh, Marzi, Alborzi, Aneseh, Tourian, Mohammad J., Mehran, Ali, Farahmand, Alireza, and Mallakpour, Iman

Published
2019
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7. COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data

Author

Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Christianson, Danielle S., Malhotra, Avni, Pennington, Stephanie C., Sihi, Debjani, AghaKouchak, Amir, Anjileli, Hassan, Arain, M. Altaf, Armesto, Juan J., Ashraf, Samaneh, Ataka, Mioko, Baldocchi, Dennis, Black, Thomas Andrew, Buchmann, Nina, Carbone, Mariah S., Chang, Shih-Chieh, Crill, Patrick, Curtis, Peter S., Davidson, Eric A., Desai, Ankur R., Drake, John E., El-Madany, Tarek S., Gavazzi, Michael, Gorres, Carolyn-Monika, Gough, Christopher M., Goulden, Michael, Gregg, Jillian, del Arroyo, Omar Gutierrez, He, Jin-Sheng, Hirano, Takashi, Hopple, Anya, Hughes, Holly, Järveoja, Järvi, Jassal, Rachhpal, Jian, Jinshi, Kan, Haiming, Kaye, Jason, Kominami, Yuji, Liang, Naishen, Lipson, David, Macdonald, Catriona A., Maseyk, Kadmiel, Mathes, Kayla, Mauritz, Marguerite, Mayes, Melanie A., McNulty, Steve, Miao, Guofang, Migliavacca, Mirco, Miller, Scott, Miniat, Chelcy F., Nietz, Jennifer G., Nilsson, Mats, Noormets, Asko, Norouzi, Hamidreza, O'Connell, Christine S., Osborne, Bruce, Oyonarte, Cecilio, Pang, Zhuo, Peichl, Matthias, Pendall, Elise, Perez-Quezada, Jorge F., Phillips, Claire L., Raich, James W., Renchon, Alexandre A., Ruehr, Nadine K., Sanchez-Canete, Enrique P., Saunders, Matthew, Savage, Kathleen E., Schrumpf, Marion, Scott, Russell L., Seibt, Ulli, Silver, Whendee L., Sun, Wu, Szutu, Daphne, Takagi, Kentaro, Teramoto, Munemasa, Tjoelker, Mark G., Trumbore, Susan, Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Varner, Ruth K., Verfaillie, Joseph, Vogel, Christoph, Wang, Jinsong, Winston, Greg, Wood, Tana E., Wu, Juying, Wutzler, Thomas, Zeng, Jiye, Zha, Tianshan, Zhang, Quan, and Zou, Junliang

Subjects
Climate Research
Abstract

Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil-to-atmosphere CO(2)flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (R-S), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high-frequencyR(S)measurements (typically, from an automated system with hourly sampling) have been made over the last two decades; an increasing number of methane measurements are being made with such systems as well. Such high frequency data are an invaluable resource for understanding GHG fluxes, but lack a central database or repository. Here we describe the lightweight, open-source COSORE (COntinuous SOil REspiration) database and software, that focuses on automated, continuous and long-term GHG flux datasets, and is intended to serve as a community resource for earth sciences, climate change syntheses and model evaluation. Contributed datasets are mapped to a single, consistent standard, with metadata on contributors, geographic location, measurement conditions and ancillary data. The design emphasizes the importance of reproducibility, scientific transparency and open access to data. While being oriented towards continuously measuredR(S), the database design accommodates other soil-atmosphere measurements (e.g. ecosystem respiration, chamber-measured net ecosystem exchange, methane fluxes) as well as experimental treatments (heterotrophic only, etc.). We give brief examples of the types of analyses possible using this new community resource and describe its accompanying R software package.

Published
2020

8. Compounding effects of human activities and climatic changes on surface water availability in Iran

Author

Ashraf, Samaneh, primary, AghaKouchak, Amir, additional, Nazemi, Ali, additional, Mirchi, Ali, additional, Sadegh, Mojtaba, additional, Moftakhari, Hamed R., additional, Hassanzadeh, Elmira, additional, Miao, Chi-Yuan, additional, Madani, Kaveh, additional, Mousavi Baygi, Mohammad, additional, Anjileli, Hassan, additional, Arab, Davood Reza, additional, Norouzi, Hamid, additional, Mazdiyasni, Omid, additional, Azarderakhsh, Marzi, additional, Alborzi, Aneseh, additional, Tourian, Mohammad J., additional, Mehran, Ali, additional, Farahmand, Alireza, additional, and Mallakpour, Iman, additional

Published
2018
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9. Climate-informed environmental inflows to revive a drying lake facing meteorological and anthropogenic droughts

Author

Alborzi, Aneseh, Mirchi, Ali, Moftakhari, Hamed, Mallakpour, Iman, Alian, Sara, Nazemi, Ali, Hassanzadeh, Elmira, Mazdiyasni, Omid, Ashraf, Samaneh, Madani, Kaveh, Norouzi, Hamid, Azarderakhsh, Marzi, Mehran, Ali, Sadegh, Mojtaba, Castelletti, Andrea, AghaKouchak, Amir, Alborzi, Aneseh, Mirchi, Ali, Moftakhari, Hamed, Mallakpour, Iman, Alian, Sara, Nazemi, Ali, Hassanzadeh, Elmira, Mazdiyasni, Omid, Ashraf, Samaneh, Madani, Kaveh, Norouzi, Hamid, Azarderakhsh, Marzi, Mehran, Ali, Sadegh, Mojtaba, Castelletti, Andrea, and AghaKouchak, Amir

Abstract

The rapid shrinkage of Lake Urmia, one of the world's largest saline lakes located in northwestern Iran, is a tragic wake-up call to revisit the principles of water resources management based on the socio-economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. The overarching goal of this paper is to set a framework for deriving dynamic, climate-informed environmental inflows for drying lakes considering both meteorological/climatic and anthropogenic conditions. We report on the compounding effects of meteorological drought and unsustainable water resource management that contributed to Lake Urmia's contemporary environmental catastrophe. Using rich datasets of hydrologic attributes, water demands and withdrawals, as well as water management infrastructure (i.e. reservoir capacity and operating policies), we provide a quantitative assessment of the basin's water resources, demonstrating that Lake Urmia reached a tipping point in the early 2000s. The lake level failed to rebound to its designated ecological threshold (1274 m above sea level) during a relatively normal hydro-period immediately after the drought of record (1998-2002). The collapse was caused by a marked overshoot of the basin's hydrologic capacity due to growing anthropogenic drought in the face of extreme climatological stressors. We offer a dynamic environmental inflow plan for different climate conditions (dry, wet and near normal), combined with three representative water withdrawal scenarios. Assuming effective implementation of the proposed 40% reduction in the current water withdrawals, the required environmental inflows range from 2900 million cubic meters per year (mcm yr(-1)) during dry conditions to 5400 mcm yr(-1) during wet periods with the average being 4100 mcm yr(-1). Finally, for different environmental inflow scenarios, we estimate the expected recovery time for re-establishing the ecological level of Lake Urmia.

Published
2018
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10. Climate-informed environmental inflows to revive a drying lake facing meteorological and anthropogenic droughts

Author

Alborzi, Aneseh, primary, Mirchi, Ali, additional, Moftakhari, Hamed, additional, Mallakpour, Iman, additional, Alian, Sara, additional, Nazemi, Ali, additional, Hassanzadeh, Elmira, additional, Mazdiyasni, Omid, additional, Ashraf, Samaneh, additional, Madani, Kaveh, additional, Norouzi, Hamid, additional, Azarderakhsh, Marzi, additional, Mehran, Ali, additional, Sadegh, Mojtaba, additional, Castelletti, Andrea, additional, and AghaKouchak, Amir, additional

Published
2018
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11. COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil‐atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data

Author

Bond‐Lamberty, Ben, Christianson, Danielle S., Malhotra, Avni, Pennington, Stephanie C., Sihi, Debjani, AghaKouchak, Amir, Anjileli, Hassan, Altaf Arain, M., Armesto, Juan J., Ashraf, Samaneh, Ataka, Mioko, Baldocchi, Dennis, Andrew Black, Thomas, Buchmann, Nina, Carbone, Mariah S., Chang, Shih‐Chieh, Crill, Patrick, Curtis, Peter S., Davidson, Eric A., Desai, Ankur R., Drake, John E., El‐Madany, Tarek S., Gavazzi, Michael, Görres, Carolyn‐Monika, Gough, Christopher M., Goulden, Michael, Gregg, Jillian, Gutiérrez Del Arroyo, Omar, He, Jin‐Sheng, Hirano, Takashi, Hopple, Anya, Hughes, Holly, Järveoja, Järvi, Jassal, Rachhpal, Jian, Jinshi, Kan, Haiming, Kaye, Jason, Kominami, Yuji, Liang, Naishen, Lipson, David, Macdonald, Catriona A., Maseyk, Kadmiel, Mathes, Kayla, Mauritz, Marguerite, Mayes, Melanie A., McNulty, Steve, Miao, Guofang, Migliavacca, Mirco, Miller, Scott, Miniat, Chelcy F., Nietz, Jennifer G., Nilsson, Mats B., Noormets, Asko, Norouzi, Hamidreza, O’Connell, Christine S., Osborne, Bruce, Oyonarte, Cecilio, Pang, Zhuo, Peichl, Matthias, Pendall, Elise, Perez‐Quezada, Jorge F., Phillips, Claire L., Phillips, Richard P., Raich, James W., Renchon, Alexandre A., Ruehr, Nadine K., Sánchez‐Cañete, Enrique P., Saunders, Matthew, Savage, Kathleen E., Schrumpf, Marion, Scott, Russell L., Seibt, Ulli, Silver, Whendee L., Sun, Wu, Szutu, Daphne, Takagi, Kentaro, Takagi, Masahiro, Teramoto, Munemasa, Tjoelker, Mark G., Trumbore, Susan, Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Varner, Ruth K., Verfaillie, Joseph, Vogel, Christoph, Wang, Jinsong, Winston, Greg, Wood, Tana E., Wu, Juying, Wutzler, Thomas, Zeng, Jiye, Zha, Tianshan, Zhang, Quan, and Zou, Junliang

Subjects
13. Climate action, 15. Life on land
Abstract

Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil‐to‐atmosphere CO$_{2}$ flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (R$_{S}$), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high‐frequency R$_{S}$ measurements (typically, from an automated system with hourly sampling) have been made over the last two decades; an increasing number of methane measurements are being made with such systems as well. Such high frequency data are an invaluable resource for understanding GHG fluxes, but lack a central database or repository. Here we describe the lightweight, open‐source COSORE (COntinuous SOil REspiration) database and software, that focuses on automated, continuous and long‐term GHG flux datasets, and is intended to serve as a community resource for earth sciences, climate change syntheses and model evaluation. Contributed datasets are mapped to a single, consistent standard, with metadata on contributors, geographic location, measurement conditions and ancillary data. The design emphasizes the importance of reproducibility, scientific transparency and open access to data. While being oriented towards continuously measured R$_{S}$, the database design accommodates other soil‐atmosphere measurements (e.g. ecosystem respiration, chamber‐measured net ecosystem exchange, methane fluxes) as well as experimental treatments (heterotrophic only, etc.). We give brief examples of the types of analyses possible using this new community resource and describe its accompanying R software package.

12. COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil‐atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data

Author

Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Christianson, Danielle S., Malhotra, Avni, Pennington, Stephanie C., Sihi, Debjani, AghaKouchak, Amir, Anjileli, Hassan, Altaf Arain, Muhammad, Armesto, Juan J., Ashraf, Samaneh, Ataka, Mioko, Baldocchi, Dennis D., Andrew Black, Thomas, Buchmann, Nina, Carbone, Mariah S., Chang, Shihchieh, Crill, Patrick, Curtis, Peter S., Davidson, Eric A., Desai, Ankur R., Drake, John E., El-Madany, Tarek S., Gavazzi, Michael J., Görres, Carolyn M., Gough, Christopher, Goulden, Michael L., Gregg, Jillian W., Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar, He, Jin-Sheng, Hirano, Takashi, Hopple, Anya M., Hughes, Holly, Järveoja, Järvi, Jassal, Rachhpal, Jian, Jinshi, Kan, Haiming, Kaye, Jason P., Kominami, Yuji, Liang, Naishen, Lipson, David A., Macdonald, Catriona A., Maseyk, Kadmiel S., Mathes, Kayla C., Mauritz, Marguerite, Mayes, Melanie A., McNulty, Steven, Miao, Guofang, Migliavacca, Mirco, Miller, Scott D., Miniat, Chelcy F., Nietz, Jennifer, Nilsson, Mats, Noormets, Asko, Norouzi, Hamid, O’Connell, Christine S., Osborne, Bruce, Oyonarte, Cecilio, Pang, Zhuo, Peichl, Matthias, Pendall, Elise G., Perez-Quezada, Jorge F., Phillips, Claire L., Phillips, Richard P., Raich, James W., Renchon, Alexandre, Ruehr, Nadine K., Sánchez-Cañete, Enrique P., Saunders, Matthew, Savage, Kathleen, Schrumpf, Marion, Scott, Russell L., Seibt, Ulli, Silver, Whendee L., Sun, Wu, Szutu, Daphne J., Takagi, Kentaro, Takagi, Masahiro, Teramoto, Munemasa, Tjoelker, Mark G., Trumbore, Susan E., Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Varner, Ruth K., Verfaillie, Joseph, Vogel, Christoph S., Wang, Jinsong, Winston, Gregory, Wood, Tana E., Wu, Juying, Wutzler, Thomas, Zeng, Jiye, Zha, Tianshan, Zhang, Quan, and Zou, Junliang

Subjects
13. Climate action, methane, 11. Sustainability, greenhouse gases, open science, carbon dioxide, open data, 15. Life on land, soil respiration
Abstract

Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil‐to‐atmosphere CO2 flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (RS), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high‐frequency RS measurements (typically, from an automated system with hourly sampling) have been made over the last two decades; an increasing number of methane measurements are being made with such systems as well. Such high frequency data are an invaluable resource for understanding GHG fluxes, but lack a central database or repository. Here we describe the lightweight, open‐source COSORE (COntinuous SOil REspiration) database and software, that focuses on automated, continuous and long‐term GHG flux datasets, and is intended to serve as a community resource for earth sciences, climate change syntheses and model evaluation. Contributed datasets are mapped to a single, consistent standard, with metadata on contributors, geographic location, measurement conditions and ancillary data. The design emphasizes the importance of reproducibility, scientific transparency and open access to data. While being oriented towards continuously measured RS, the database design accommodates other soil‐atmosphere measurements (e.g. ecosystem respiration, chamber‐measured net ecosystem exchange, methane fluxes) as well as experimental treatments (heterotrophic only, etc.). We give brief examples of the types of analyses possible using this new community resource and describe its accompanying R software package., Global Change Biology, 26 (12), ISSN:1354-1013, ISSN:1365-2486

13. COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil‐atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data

Author

Bond‐Lamberty, Ben, Christianson, Danielle S., Malhotra, Avni, Pennington, Stephanie C., Sihi, Debjani, AghaKouchak, Amir, Anjileli, Hassan, Altaf Arain, M., Armesto, Juan J., Ashraf, Samaneh, Ataka, Mioko, Baldocchi, Dennis, Andrew Black, Thomas, Buchmann, Nina, Carbone, Mariah S., Chang, Shih‐Chieh, Crill, Patrick, Curtis, Peter S., Davidson, Eric A., Desai, Ankur R., Drake, John E., El‐Madany, Tarek S., Gavazzi, Michael, Görres, Carolyn‐Monika, Gough, Christopher M., Goulden, Michael, Gregg, Jillian, Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar, He, Jin‐Sheng, Hirano, Takashi, Hopple, Anya, Hughes, Holly, Järveoja, Järvi, Jassal, Rachhpal, Jian, Jinshi, Kan, Haiming, Kaye, Jason, Kominami, Yuji, Liang, Naishen, Lipson, David, Macdonald, Catriona A., Maseyk, Kadmiel, Mathes, Kayla, Mauritz, Marguerite, Mayes, Melanie A., McNulty, Steve, Miao, Guofang, Migliavacca, Mirco, Miller, Scott, Miniat, Chelcy F., Nietz, Jennifer G., Nilsson, Mats B., Noormets, Asko, Norouzi, Hamidreza, O’Connell, Christine S., Osborne, Bruce, Oyonarte, Cecilio, Pang, Zhuo, Peichl, Matthias, Pendall, Elise, Perez‐Quezada, Jorge F., Phillips, Claire L., Phillips, Richard P., Raich, James W., Renchon, Alexandre A., Ruehr, Nadine K., Sánchez‐Cañete, Enrique P., Saunders, Matthew, Savage, Kathleen E., Schrumpf, Marion, Scott, Russell L., Seibt, Ulli, Silver, Whendee L., Sun, Wu, Szutu, Daphne, Takagi, Kentaro, Takagi, Masahiro, Teramoto, Munemasa, Tjoelker, Mark G., Trumbore, Susan, Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Varner, Ruth K., Verfaillie, Joseph, Vogel, Christoph, Wang, Jinsong, Winston, Greg, Wood, Tana E., Wu, Juying, Wutzler, Thomas, Zeng, Jiye, Zha, Tianshan, Zhang, Quan, Zou, Junliang, Bond‐Lamberty, Ben, Christianson, Danielle S., Malhotra, Avni, Pennington, Stephanie C., Sihi, Debjani, AghaKouchak, Amir, Anjileli, Hassan, Altaf Arain, M., Armesto, Juan J., Ashraf, Samaneh, Ataka, Mioko, Baldocchi, Dennis, Andrew Black, Thomas, Buchmann, Nina, Carbone, Mariah S., Chang, Shih‐Chieh, Crill, Patrick, Curtis, Peter S., Davidson, Eric A., Desai, Ankur R., Drake, John E., El‐Madany, Tarek S., Gavazzi, Michael, Görres, Carolyn‐Monika, Gough, Christopher M., Goulden, Michael, Gregg, Jillian, Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar, He, Jin‐Sheng, Hirano, Takashi, Hopple, Anya, Hughes, Holly, Järveoja, Järvi, Jassal, Rachhpal, Jian, Jinshi, Kan, Haiming, Kaye, Jason, Kominami, Yuji, Liang, Naishen, Lipson, David, Macdonald, Catriona A., Maseyk, Kadmiel, Mathes, Kayla, Mauritz, Marguerite, Mayes, Melanie A., McNulty, Steve, Miao, Guofang, Migliavacca, Mirco, Miller, Scott, Miniat, Chelcy F., Nietz, Jennifer G., Nilsson, Mats B., Noormets, Asko, Norouzi, Hamidreza, O’Connell, Christine S., Osborne, Bruce, Oyonarte, Cecilio, Pang, Zhuo, Peichl, Matthias, Pendall, Elise, Perez‐Quezada, Jorge F., Phillips, Claire L., Phillips, Richard P., Raich, James W., Renchon, Alexandre A., Ruehr, Nadine K., Sánchez‐Cañete, Enrique P., Saunders, Matthew, Savage, Kathleen E., Schrumpf, Marion, Scott, Russell L., Seibt, Ulli, Silver, Whendee L., Sun, Wu, Szutu, Daphne, Takagi, Kentaro, Takagi, Masahiro, Teramoto, Munemasa, Tjoelker, Mark G., Trumbore, Susan, Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Varner, Ruth K., Verfaillie, Joseph, Vogel, Christoph, Wang, Jinsong, Winston, Greg, Wood, Tana E., Wu, Juying, Wutzler, Thomas, Zeng, Jiye, Zha, Tianshan, Zhang, Quan, and Zou, Junliang

Abstract

Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil‐to‐atmosphere CO2 flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (RS), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high‐frequency RS measurements (typically, from an automated system with hourly sampling) have been made over the last two decades; an increasing number of methane measurements are being made with such systems as well. Such high frequency data are an invaluable resource for understanding GHG fluxes, but lack a central database or repository. Here we describe the lightweight, open‐source COSORE (COntinuous SOil REspiration) database and software, that focuses on automated, continuous and long‐term GHG flux datasets, and is intended to serve as a community resource for earth sciences, climate change syntheses and model evaluation. Contributed datasets are mapped to a single, consistent standard, with metadata on contributors, geographic location, measurement conditions and ancillary data. The design emphasizes the importance of reproducibility, scientific transparency and open access to data. While being oriented towards continuously measured RS, the database design accommodates other soil‐atmosphere measurements (e.g. ecosystem respiration, chamber‐measured net ecosystem exchange, methane fluxes) as well as experimental treatments (heterotrophic only, etc.). We give brief examples of the types of analyses possible using this new community resource and describe its accompanying R software package.

14. COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil‐atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data

Author

Bond‐Lamberty, Ben, Christianson, Danielle S., Malhotra, Avni, Pennington, Stephanie C., Sihi, Debjani, AghaKouchak, Amir, Anjileli, Hassan, Altaf Arain, M., Armesto, Juan J., Ashraf, Samaneh, Ataka, Mioko, Baldocchi, Dennis, Andrew Black, Thomas, Buchmann, Nina, Carbone, Mariah S., Chang, Shih‐Chieh, Crill, Patrick, Curtis, Peter S., Davidson, Eric A., Desai, Ankur R., Drake, John E., El‐Madany, Tarek S., Gavazzi, Michael, Görres, Carolyn‐Monika, Gough, Christopher M., Goulden, Michael, Gregg, Jillian, Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar, He, Jin‐Sheng, Hirano, Takashi, Hopple, Anya, Hughes, Holly, Järveoja, Järvi, Jassal, Rachhpal, Jian, Jinshi, Kan, Haiming, Kaye, Jason, Kominami, Yuji, Liang, Naishen, Lipson, David, Macdonald, Catriona A., Maseyk, Kadmiel, Mathes, Kayla, Mauritz, Marguerite, Mayes, Melanie A., McNulty, Steve, Miao, Guofang, Migliavacca, Mirco, Miller, Scott, Miniat, Chelcy F., Nietz, Jennifer G., Nilsson, Mats B., Noormets, Asko, Norouzi, Hamidreza, O’Connell, Christine S., Osborne, Bruce, Oyonarte, Cecilio, Pang, Zhuo, Peichl, Matthias, Pendall, Elise, Perez‐Quezada, Jorge F., Phillips, Claire L., Phillips, Richard P., Raich, James W., Renchon, Alexandre A., Ruehr, Nadine K., Sánchez‐Cañete, Enrique P., Saunders, Matthew, Savage, Kathleen E., Schrumpf, Marion, Scott, Russell L., Seibt, Ulli, Silver, Whendee L., Sun, Wu, Szutu, Daphne, Takagi, Kentaro, Takagi, Masahiro, Teramoto, Munemasa, Tjoelker, Mark G., Trumbore, Susan, Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Varner, Ruth K., Verfaillie, Joseph, Vogel, Christoph, Wang, Jinsong, Winston, Greg, Wood, Tana E., Wu, Juying, Wutzler, Thomas, Zeng, Jiye, Zha, Tianshan, Zhang, Quan, Zou, Junliang, Bond‐Lamberty, Ben, Christianson, Danielle S., Malhotra, Avni, Pennington, Stephanie C., Sihi, Debjani, AghaKouchak, Amir, Anjileli, Hassan, Altaf Arain, M., Armesto, Juan J., Ashraf, Samaneh, Ataka, Mioko, Baldocchi, Dennis, Andrew Black, Thomas, Buchmann, Nina, Carbone, Mariah S., Chang, Shih‐Chieh, Crill, Patrick, Curtis, Peter S., Davidson, Eric A., Desai, Ankur R., Drake, John E., El‐Madany, Tarek S., Gavazzi, Michael, Görres, Carolyn‐Monika, Gough, Christopher M., Goulden, Michael, Gregg, Jillian, Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar, He, Jin‐Sheng, Hirano, Takashi, Hopple, Anya, Hughes, Holly, Järveoja, Järvi, Jassal, Rachhpal, Jian, Jinshi, Kan, Haiming, Kaye, Jason, Kominami, Yuji, Liang, Naishen, Lipson, David, Macdonald, Catriona A., Maseyk, Kadmiel, Mathes, Kayla, Mauritz, Marguerite, Mayes, Melanie A., McNulty, Steve, Miao, Guofang, Migliavacca, Mirco, Miller, Scott, Miniat, Chelcy F., Nietz, Jennifer G., Nilsson, Mats B., Noormets, Asko, Norouzi, Hamidreza, O’Connell, Christine S., Osborne, Bruce, Oyonarte, Cecilio, Pang, Zhuo, Peichl, Matthias, Pendall, Elise, Perez‐Quezada, Jorge F., Phillips, Claire L., Phillips, Richard P., Raich, James W., Renchon, Alexandre A., Ruehr, Nadine K., Sánchez‐Cañete, Enrique P., Saunders, Matthew, Savage, Kathleen E., Schrumpf, Marion, Scott, Russell L., Seibt, Ulli, Silver, Whendee L., Sun, Wu, Szutu, Daphne, Takagi, Kentaro, Takagi, Masahiro, Teramoto, Munemasa, Tjoelker, Mark G., Trumbore, Susan, Ueyama, Masahito, Vargas, Rodrigo, Varner, Ruth K., Verfaillie, Joseph, Vogel, Christoph, Wang, Jinsong, Winston, Greg, Wood, Tana E., Wu, Juying, Wutzler, Thomas, Zeng, Jiye, Zha, Tianshan, Zhang, Quan, and Zou, Junliang

Abstract

Globally, soils store two to three times as much carbon as currently resides in the atmosphere, and it is critical to understand how soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uptake will respond to ongoing climate change. In particular, the soil‐to‐atmosphere CO2 flux, commonly though imprecisely termed soil respiration (RS), is one of the largest carbon fluxes in the Earth system. An increasing number of high‐frequency RS measurements (typically, from an automated system with hourly sampling) have been made over the last two decades; an increasing number of methane measurements are being made with such systems as well. Such high frequency data are an invaluable resource for understanding GHG fluxes, but lack a central database or repository. Here we describe the lightweight, open‐source COSORE (COntinuous SOil REspiration) database and software, that focuses on automated, continuous and long‐term GHG flux datasets, and is intended to serve as a community resource for earth sciences, climate change syntheses and model evaluation. Contributed datasets are mapped to a single, consistent standard, with metadata on contributors, geographic location, measurement conditions and ancillary data. The design emphasizes the importance of reproducibility, scientific transparency and open access to data. While being oriented towards continuously measured RS, the database design accommodates other soil‐atmosphere measurements (e.g. ecosystem respiration, chamber‐measured net ecosystem exchange, methane fluxes) as well as experimental treatments (heterotrophic only, etc.). We give brief examples of the types of analyses possible using this new community resource and describe its accompanying R software package.

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