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Introduction: Augmenting the edentulous anterior mandible can be a challenge. This case report describes a novel technique that combines bone reduction and buccal contouring using an autogenous block graft. Case Presentation: A patient presented with a conventional mandibular denture that had poor retention. The patient had a deficient ridge that could not support dental implants without hard tissue augmentation. The anterior mandible was reduced vertically with an osteotomy to allow harvest of an autogenous block graft for horizontal ridge augmentation. After 8 months, dental implants were placed in a ridge with adequate width and patient proceed to final prosthesis. Conclusion: The technique may be considered in the atrophic mandible when a narrow ridge requires vertical height reduction as an autogenous block can be harvested and placed at a single surgical site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of an Aloe vera mouthwash with a benzydamine mouthwash in the alleviation of radiation- induced mucositis in head and neck cancer patients using a triple-blind, randomised controlled trial. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six eligible head and neck cancer patients who were to receive conventional radiation therapy at the radiation oncology department were randomised to receive an Aloe vera mouthwash or a benzydamine mouthwash. Mucositis severity was assessed during the course of radiation therapy using the WHO grading system. Results: At baseline, there was no difference in the distribution of mucositis severity between the two groups. The mean interval between radiation therapy and onset of mucositis was similar for both groups (Aloe vera 15.69±7.77 days, benzydamine 15.85±12.96 days). The mean interval between the start of radiation therapy and the maximum severity of mucositis were was also similar in both the Aloe vera and benzydamine groups (Aloe vera 23.38±10.75 days, benzydamine 23.54±15.45 days). Mean changes of mucositis severity over time in both groups were statistically similar and the effect of both treatments did not change signficantly with time (p=0.09). Conclusion: Aloe vera mouthwash was as beneficial as benzydamine mouthwash in alleviating the severity of radiation-induced mucositis and showed no side effects. The Aloe vera mouthwash could be an alternative agent in the treatment of radiation-induced mucositis in patients with head and neck cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is performed on transversely deficient maxilla. As all orthodontic treatments, retention is important in maintaining therapeutic outcomes. Fixed /removable retainers are used post‐RME causing hygiene and compliance problems. Given photobiomodulation's positive effects on the quantity and quality of bone regeneration, its effect on post‐RME relapse was studied. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into group R, non‐irradiated RME‐treated (n = 12), group P, irradiated RME‐treated (n = 12) and group C, non‐RME non‐irradiated (n = 6). A 1.5 mm metal ring inserted between maxillary incisors at days 0 and 15 was expanded until 1.5 mm space was obtained at day 30. In group P, Ga‐Al‐As diode laser (810 nm, 100 mW, 4J/cm2, 30 secs) was applied on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 as predictor variable. The relapse was measured as the space lost between incisors for 30 days after appliance removal (primary outcome variable) and compared with t‐test. In week 2, space loss in group P was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than all other groups. The relapse during weeks 2 and 3 was significantly lower in group P than group R. However, no significant difference in relapse amount was found between groups during first and fourth week. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups in relapse rates (secondary outcome variable) but not in total relapse after 4 weeks. Photobiomodulation proved beneficial in resisting relapse in our study, and it is suggested to be continued until the end of expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Different surgical approaches have been proposed to treat peri-implantitis defects with limited effectiveness and predictability. Laser has been proposed as an effective tool to assist in bacterial decontamination and modulating peri-implant tissue inflammation. The aim of this pilot clinical trial was to evaluate the adjunctive benefits of Er:YAG laser irradiation for regenerative surgical therapy of peri-implantitis-associated osseous defects.Methods: Twenty-four patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis with a radiographic infrabony defect were randomized into two groups. Both test and control groups received the following treatment: open flap mechanical debridement, supracrestal implantoplasty, bone grafting using a mixture of human allograft with demineralized bone matrix human allograft putty, and then covered with acellular dermal matrix membrane. The only difference in the test group was the adjunctive use of Er:YAG laser to modulate and remove inflammatory tissue as well as to decontaminate the implant surface. Clinical assessments, including pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival index (GI) were performed by calibrated masked examiners for up to 6 months following surgery. Standardized radiographs were also taken to evaluate linear bone gain and defect bone fill. Student t-tests were used to analyze those clinical parameters.Results: Both groups showed significant reductions in PD, GI, and CAL gain overtime. The test group demonstrated significantly higher PD reductions at the site level compared to the control group (2.65 ± 2.14 versus 1.85 ± 1.71 mm; test versus control, P = 0.014). There were no statistical differences found in CAL gain (1.90 ± 2.28 versus 1.47 ± 1.76 mm; test versus control), GI reduction (-1.14 ± 1.15 versus -1.04 ± 0.89; test versus control), radiographic linear bone gain (1.27 ± 1.14 versus 1.08 ± 1.04 mm; test versus control) or proportional defect size reduction (- 24.46 ± 19.00% versus -15.19 ± 23.56%; test versus control). There was a positive trend for test patients on PD reduction and CAL gain found in narrow infrabony defects. Major membrane exposure negatively impaired the overall treatment outcome of CAL gain (2.47 ± 1.84 versus 1.03 ± 1.48 mm; no/minor versus major exposure, P = 0.051) and PD reduction in the test group (-3.63 ± 2.11 versus -1.66 ± 1.26 mm, P = 0.049).Conclusion: This pilot study indicated using laser irradiation during peri-implantitis regenerative therapy may aid in better probing PD reduction. Nonetheless, a larger sample size and longer follow-up is needed to confirm if Er:YAG laser irradiation provides additional clinical benefits for peri-implantitis regenerative therapy (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03127228). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: No one can cast a shadow of doubt on the fact that temperature is a key element in dentistry. Temperature control enable dentists in a variety of clinical fields to perform more convenient. Frozen slab is a known method for manipulating temperature before mixing cements. But lack of precise temperature and infection control is bolded. Clinical innovation: The present apparatus determines a method for temperature control in routine dentistry tasks; namely restorative dentistry, prosthesis and even injections. This device is capable of whether heating or cooling materials using low voltage electricity. Peltier or thermoelectric effect is the mechanism behind this device. As operator sets a temperature, device would provide it via metal pads arranged on it in seconds. Discussion: Other common methods used in dentistry have some issues regarding power usage, infection control, size and etc. However, this device is small, cost effective, simple to use and has fast action. Infection control can be actively be maintained with it. This device is a promising alternative for this purpose. Present manuscript summarizes device properties and its potential utilities in dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease. Its treatment is often symptomatic and includes topical and systemic corticosteroids. Although corticosteroid therapy is usually successful, it has side effects and thus, an alternative treatment is favorable. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of topical curcumin and triamcinolone for treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP). Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 patients (36 women and 14 men) in the age range of 38 to 73 years with OLP were randomly divided into two groups. Each group received 0.1% triamcinolone or 5% curcumin oral paste three times a day for four weeks. Assessment of the appearance score and severity of pain was done at baseline and at the end of two and four weeks and recorded in the patients' questionnaires. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17 software, using the Mann-Whitney and Spearman's tests. Results: With respect to pain reduction, nine patients (36%) in the curcumin group and eight patients (32%) in the triamcinolone group showed complete remission. With respect to the appearance score, one patient (4%) in each group showed complete remission. No statistically significant difference was noted between the two groups. Conclusion: Application of curcumin is suggested for treatment of OLP because of its desirable anti-inflammatory effects and insignificant side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the efficacy of low level laser therapy (LLLT) for pain reduction after midpalatal expansion in rats. Materials and Methods: Sixty male Sprague six-week old rats weighing 180±10g were divided into seven groups (two experimental groups of 24 rats and one control group of 12 rats). The experimental groups were subjected to expansion with or without LLLT. The health status of each rat was monitored starting seven days prior to the experiment and evaluated by regular body weight monitoring during the study period. Diode laser with 810nm wavelength and 100 mw output power was used. Laser therapy and body weight monitoring were performed on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14. The data were analyzed by One-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The body weight of the experimental groups significantly decreased in the first two days because of the pain and difficult nutrition with the new appliance. Within the next two days, the body weight of all rats increased but this increase was significantly higher in the irradiated compared to the non-irradiated group. This significant improvement continued until day 14 and then between days 14 and 30 the rats gained weight similarly in the irradiated and control groups. Conclusion: The study results showed that laser irradiated group continued to gain weight easier than the control group. This may be due to more efficient pain control due to laser irradiation after midpalatal expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peri-implantitis is a state defined as an inflammatory reaction around osseointegrated implants, leading to progressive loss of supporting bone. Various treatment methods are suggested in the treatment of peri-implantitis and clinicians have to choose a method over a large number of treatment protocols. Lasers have shown promising therapeutic effect in treatment of periimplantitis. However, some controversies have been found in clinical outcomes after using lasers. Therefore, we aimed to review the current literature over the past ten years for the use of lasers in treatment of peri-implantitis, via the Pubmed electronic database of the US National Library of Medicine. Fifteen human studies were reviewed. Er: YAG (Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet), CO2 (Carbon Dioxide Laser) and Diode lasers were used. Despite inconsistencies and disharmonies among studies in terms of study design, positive treatment outcomes were obvious among the majority of them. However, short period of follow-ups and poor control of plaque index, as a critical confounding factor, were the major problems which these studies suffered from. It seems that one session laser therapy is not adequate for achieving optimal clinical outcome. Further studies with longer periods of follow-ups, intense control of plaque index, and various sessions of laser treatments are needed to clearly illustrate the clinical privilege of laser therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease. Its treatment is often symptomatic and includes topical and systemic corticosteroids. Although corticosteroid therapy is usually successful, it has side effects and thus, an alternative treatment is favorable. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of topical curcumin and triamcinolone for treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP)., Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 patients (36 women and 14 men) in the age range of 38 to 73 years with OLP were randomly divided into two groups. Each group received 0.1% triamcinolone or 5% curcumin oral paste three times a day for four weeks. Assessment of the appearance score and severity of pain was done at baseline and at the end of two and four weeks and recorded in the patients' questionnaires. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17 software, using the Mann-Whitney and Spearman's tests., Results: With respect to pain reduction, nine patients (36%) in the curcumin group and eight patients (32%) in the triamcinolone group showed complete remission. With respect to the appearance score, one patient (4%) in each group showed complete remission. No statistically significant difference was noted between the two groups., Conclusion: Application of curcumin is suggested for treatment of OLP because of its desirable anti-inflammatory effects and insignificant side effects.

Objectives: The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the efficacy of low level laser therapy (LLLT) for pain reduction after midpalatal expansion in rats., Materials and Methods: Sixty male Sprague six-week old rats weighing 180±10g were divided into seven groups (two experimental groups of 24 rats and one control group of 12 rats). The experimental groups were subjected to expansion with or without LLLT. The health status of each rat was monitored starting seven days prior to the experiment and evaluated by regular body weight monitoring during the study period. Diode laser with 810nm wavelength and 100 mw output power was used. Laser therapy and body weight monitoring were performed on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14. The data were analyzed by One-way repeated measures ANOVA., Results: The body weight of the experimental groups significantly decreased in the first two days because of the pain and difficult nutrition with the new appliance. Within the next two days, the body weight of all rats increased but this increase was significantly higher in the irradiated compared to the non-irradiated group. This significant improvement continued until day 14 and then between days 14 and 30 the rats gained weight similarly in the irradiated and control groups., Conclusion: The study results showed that laser irradiated group continued to gain weight easier than the control group. This may be due to more efficient pain control due to laser irradiation after midpalatal expansion.