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1. Mammary tumors suppress aging-induced neuroinflammation in female Balb/c mice

Author

Ruth M. Barrientos, Lindsay D. Strehle, Ashley A. Lahoud, and Leah M. Pyter

Subjects
Cytokines, Chemokines, Hippocampus, Cancer, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Neuroinflammation confers changes in brain function (i.e., behavior) that are hypothesized to be adaptive in the short-term, but detrimental (e.g., depression, anxiety) if they persist. Both peripheral tumor growth (outside of the brain) and natural aging independently cause neuroinflammation in rodents, which is corroborated by clinical studies. Mammary tumor effects on neuroinflammation and behavior, however, are typically studied in young rodents, whereas most breast cancer patients are middle-aged. Therefore, the existing literature likely underestimates the resulting neuroinflammation that may occur in clinical cancer populations. The present study tested the hypothesis that aging exacerbates mammary tumor-induced neuroinflammation in female mice. Aging (16 months and ovariectomized) increased body and spleen masses, whereas tumors grew faster and increased spleen mass in young mice (12 weeks) only. Tumors (IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, MCP-1, CXCL1, IP-10) and aging (IL-10, IFNγ) independently increased circulating inflammatory markers, although these variables were only significantly additive in one case (TNFα). In contrast to our prediction, the interaction between tumors and aging resulted in reduced mRNA and protein expression of select inflammatory markers in the hippocampus of tumor-bearing aged mice relative to aged controls. These results indicate that tumors reduce inflammatory activation in the brains of aged mice, a deficit that is likely disadvantageous. Further understanding of how aging and cancer interact to affect brain function is necessary to provide clinically-relevant results and identify mechanisms underlying persistent behavioral issues hampering adult cancer patients.

Published
2020
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4. Psychometric Properties of a Measure Assessing Anxiogenic Parenting Practices in Food Allergy

Author

Emily P Wilton, Anna K Luke, Theresa R Gladstone, Ashley A Lahoud, Sydney D Biscarri Clark, and Christopher A Flessner

Subjects
Parenting, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Anxiety, Child, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Food Hypersensitivity
Abstract

Aim Pediatric food allergy represents a significant public health burden. In order to avoid allergen consumption, adequate management requires daily vigilance and involvement from parents, frequently leading to increased parental anxiety. While specific anxiogenic parenting practices (i.e., parenting behaviors which may aid in the development and/or exacerbation of childhood anxiety) have been documented within this population, to this point, these behaviors have not been systematically measured. Objectives The current study aimed to develop and examine a parent-report scale designed to measure anxiogenic parenting behaviors related to food allergy. Methods Participants included 177 parents of children with food allergy recruited online using Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk). An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the factor structure of the newly developed scale. Subsequently, psychometric properties (e.g., construct validity) were examined via correlational analyses. Results Results indicated a 24-item, 3 factor (Factor 1: Involvement in Food Allergy; Factor 2: Worry about Food Allergy; Factor 3: Autonomy Promotion) scale, which accounted for 53.11% of the total variance. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure was acceptable, KMO = 0.872 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity indicated sufficient correlations between items (χ2(378)=2568.95). All subscales demonstrated strong internal consistency (Involvement in Food Allergy: α = .880; Worry about Food Allergy: α = .892; Autonomy Promotion α = .796) as well as convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusions Results support the overall psychometric properties of the scale. Interpretations, limitations, and future directions are discussed.

Published
2022

6. Contributors

Author

Anzar Abbas, Shalini Ahuja, Michael Van Ameringen, Gerhard Andersson, Ole A. Andreassen, Jason Bantjes, Joël Billieux, Sydney B. Clark, Beáta Bőthe, Matthias Brand, Valentina Caricasole, Lior Carmi, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Samantha L. Connolly, Allison Crawford, Vasa Curcin, Giselle Day, Philippe Delespaul, Paul H. Delfabbro, Anthony H. Ecker, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Luwishennadige M.N. Fernando, Naomi A. Fineberg, Christopher A. Flessner, Oleksandr Frei, Johannes Fuss, Isaac R. Galatzer-Levy, Theresa R. Gladstone, Gabrielle F. Gloston, Pattie P. Gonsalves, Jon E. Grant, Anna Hartford, Donald Hilty, Guy Hindley, Julianna B. Hogan, Kevin Ing, Thomas R. Insel, Konstantinos Ioannidis, Madeleine L. Jarrett, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Anthony Jorm, Daniel L. King, Taishiro Kishimoto, Ashley A. Lahoud, Jan A. Lindsay, Christine Lochner, John Luo, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Kai Mueller, John A. Naslund, Jim van Os, Beth Patterson, Marc N. Potenza, Nicola Reavley, Katharina Schultebraucks, Jay H. Shore, Saher Siddiqui, Philip Slabbert, Olav B. Smeland, Dan J. Stein, John Strauss, John Torous, Miguel A. Vadillo, Alberto Varinelli, Simone Verhagen, Matteo Vismara, Elisa Wegmann, Akkapon Wongkoblap, and Jasmine Zhang

Published
2022

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