Author: "Ashish K Khanna" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

121 results on '"Ashish K Khanna"'

1. Bias in artificial intelligence algorithms and recommendations for mitigation.

Author: Lama H Nazer, Razan Zatarah, Shai Waldrip, Janny Xue Chen Ke, Mira Moukheiber, Ashish K Khanna, Rachel S Hicklen, Lama Moukheiber, Dana Moukheiber, Haobo Ma, and Piyush Mathur
Subjects: Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract: The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is rapidly increasing in healthcare. Such algorithms may be shaped by various factors such as social determinants of health that can influence health outcomes. While AI algorithms have been proposed as a tool to expand the reach of quality healthcare to underserved communities and improve health equity, recent literature has raised concerns about the propagation of biases and healthcare disparities through implementation of these algorithms. Thus, it is critical to understand the sources of bias inherent in AI-based algorithms. This review aims to highlight the potential sources of bias within each step of developing AI algorithms in healthcare, starting from framing the problem, data collection, preprocessing, development, and validation, as well as their full implementation. For each of these steps, we also discuss strategies to mitigate the bias and disparities. A checklist was developed with recommendations for reducing bias during the development and implementation stages. It is important for developers and users of AI-based algorithms to keep these important considerations in mind to advance health equity for all populations.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Risk factors for and prediction of post-intubation hypotension in critically ill adults: A multicenter prospective cohort study.

Author: Nathan J Smischney, Rahul Kashyap, Ashish K Khanna, Ernesto Brauer, Lee E Morrow, Mohamed O Seisa, Darrell R Schroeder, Daniel A Diedrich, Ashley Montgomery, Pablo Moreno Franco, Uchenna R Ofoma, David A Kaufman, Ayan Sen, Cynthia Callahan, Chakradhar Venkata, Gozde Demiralp, Rudy Tedja, Sarah Lee, Mariya Geube, Santhi I Kumar, Peter Morris, Vikas Bansal, Salim Surani, and SCCM Discovery (Critical Care Research Network of Critical Care Medicine) HEMAIR Investigators Consortium
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: ObjectiveHypotension following endotracheal intubation in the ICU is associated with poor outcomes. There is no formal prediction tool to help estimate the onset of this hemodynamic compromise. Our objective was to derive and validate a prediction model for immediate hypotension following endotracheal intubation.MethodsA multicenter, prospective, cohort study enrolling 934 adults who underwent endotracheal intubation across 16 medical/surgical ICUs in the United States from July 2015-January 2017 was conducted to derive and validate a prediction model for immediate hypotension following endotracheal intubation. We defined hypotension as: 1) mean arterial pressure ResultsPost-intubation hypotension developed in 344 (36.8%) patients. In the full cohort, 11 variables were independently associated with hypotension: increasing illness severity; increasing age; sepsis diagnosis; endotracheal intubation in the setting of cardiac arrest, mean arterial pressure ConclusionsA novel multivariable risk score predicted post-intubation hypotension with accuracy in both unstable and stable critically ill patients.Study registrationClinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02508948 and Registered Report Identifier: RR2-10.2196/11101.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Optimization of kidney function in cardiac surgery patients with intra-abdominal hypertension: expert opinion

Author: Vanessa Moll, Ashish K. Khanna, Andrea Kurz, Jiapeng Huang, Marije Smit, Madhav Swaminathan, Steven Minear, K. Gage Parr, Amit Prabhakar, Manxu Zhao, and Manu L. N. G. Malbrain
Subjects: Intra-abdominal pressure, Acute kidney injury, Monitoring, Prevention, Management, Cardiac surgery, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Abstract Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) affects up to 42% of cardiac surgery patients. CSA-AKI is multifactorial, with low abdominal perfusion pressure often overlooked. Abdominal perfusion pressure is calculated as mean arterial pressure minus intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). IAH decreases cardiac output and compresses the renal vasculature and renal parenchyma. Recent studies have highlighted the frequent occurrence of IAH in cardiac surgery patients and have linked the role of low perfusion pressure to the occurrence of AKI. This review and expert opinion illustrate current evidence on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy of IAH and ACS in the context of AKI.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Renin in critically ill patients

Author: Yuki Kotani, Mark Chappell, Giovanni Landoni, Alexander Zarbock, Rinaldo Bellomo, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Renin, Angiotensin II, Biomarkers, Intensive care units, Mortality, Critical illness, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) constitutes one of the principal mechanisms to maintain hemodynamic and fluid homeostasis. However, most research until now on RAS primarily focuses on its relationship with hypertension and its role in critically ill hypotensive populations is not well understood. With the approval of angiotensin II (Ang II) in the United States and Europe, following a phase 3 randomized controlled trial showing efficacy in catecholamine-resistant vasodilatory shock, there is growing interest in RAS in critically ill patients. Among the fundamental components of RAS, renin acts as the initial stimulus for the entire system. In the context of hypotension, its release increases in response to low blood pressure sensed by renal baroreceptors and attenuated negative Ang II feedback loop. Thus, elevated renin could reflect disease severity and predict poor outcomes. Studies investigating this hypothesis have validated the prognostic accuracy of renin in various critically ill populations, with several reports indicating its superiority to lactate for mortality prediction. Accordingly, renin reduction has been used to assess the effectiveness of Ang II administration. Furthermore, renin holds potential to identify patients who might benefit from Ang II treatment, potentially paving the way for personalized vasopressor management. Despite these promising data, most available evidence is derived from retrospective analysis and necessitates prospective confirmation. The absence of a rapid, point-of-care and reliable renin assay presents another hurdle to its integration into routine clinical practice. This narrative review aims to describe the current understanding and future directions of renin as a biomarker during resuscitation of critically ill patients.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Phenylephrine as an alternative to cocaine for nasal vasoconstriction before nasal surgery: A randomised trial

Author: Sawsan T AlHaddad, Ashish K Khanna, Edward J Mascha, and Basem B Abdelmalak
Subjects: Cocaine, hypertension, local anaesthetics, nasal surgery, neo-synephrine, phenylephrine, Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3
Abstract: Background: Cocaine is often used topically to provide the profound vasoconstriction required for nasal surgery; however, it has been associated with intraoperative cardiac adverse effects. We compared cocaine with phenylephrine as an alternative to ascertain their relative efficacy as vasoconstrictors in nasal septoplasty. Methods: Adult patients, presenting for elective nasal septoplasty, of American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status I-III, were randomised to either 0.5% phenylephrine or 4% cocaine. The primary outcome was quality of vasoconstriction on a 5-point scale (1=unacceptable, 5=excellent), rated by the surgeon at the end of the procedure. Results: Twenty-nine patients received phenylephrine and 26 received cocaine. The median rating for quality of the vasoconstriction was 4.0 (good) in both the phenylephrine and cocaine groups ( P=0.84). Median blood loss was 50 ml in the phenylephrine group and 62.5 ml in the cocaine group ( P=0.49). In secondary analyses, phenylephrine was shown to be non-inferior to cocaine on both quality of vasoconstriction (non-inferiority delta of 1 point, P=0.009) and estimated blood loss (non-inferiority delta of 25 ml, P=0.028). The frequency of ventricular ectopy, ST segment changes or blood pressure changes after nasal packing was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Phenylephrine in a concentration of 0.5% is not different from 4% cocaine on the quality of vasoconstriction in septoplasty. Given the abuse potential of cocaine and the added administrative burden associated with its handling, phenylephrine might serve as an alternative.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Pulmonary hemorrhage in an outpatient ophthalmic anesthesia setting− it′s never 'just a cataract'

Author: Ashish K Khanna and Kenneth C Cummings
Subjects: Alveolar, anesthesia, diffuse, hemorrhage, ophthalmic, outpatient, pulmonary, Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract: A 48-year-old man, with end stage renal disease and a history of recreational drug abuse, presented for elective cataract surgery. Patient underwent the procedure with a general endotracheal anesthesia with a balanced anesthetic. After an uneventful intra-operative period, he had a sudden onset large volume hemoptysis just prior to extubation. Poor oxygenation and hemodynamic instability necessitated emergent reintubation in the immediate post-extubation period. Emergent bronchoscopy did not show active airway bleeding or obstructive mucous plugs, and a diagnosis of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was made. The patient was gradually weaned off the ventilator and made a slow recovery over a one - week period.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Axillary vein cannulation for central access: A newer look below the clavicle!

Author: Ashish K Khanna
Subjects: Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Enhanced monitoring for postoperative hospital wards – Evidence to implementation

Author: Prateek Upadhyay, Megan Henley Hicks, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Comparison of Central and Peripheral Arterial Blood Pressure Gradients in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author: Daisuke Hasegawa, MD, PhD, Ryota Sato, MD, Abhijit Duggal, MD, MS, MPH, FACP, Mary Schleicher, RN, BSN, MLIS, AHIP, Kazuki Nishida, MD, PhD, Ashish K. Khanna, MD, MS, FCCP, FCCM, FASA, and Siddharth Dugar, MD, FASE, FCCM, FCCP
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: OBJECTIVES:. Measurement of blood pressure taken from different anatomical sites, are often perceived as interchangeable, despite them representing different parts of the systemic circulation. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on blood pressure differences between central and peripheral arterial cannulation in critically ill patients. DATA SOURCES:. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase from inception to December 26, 2023, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords. STUDY SELECTION:. Observation study of adult patients in ICUs and operating rooms who underwent simultaneous central (femoral, axillary, or subclavian artery) and peripheral (radial, brachial, or dorsalis pedis artery) arterial catheter placement in ICUs and operating rooms. DATA EXTRACTION:. We screened and extracted studies independently and in duplicate. We assessed risk of bias using the revised Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy tool. DATA SYNTHESIS:. Twenty-four studies that enrolled 1598 patients in total were included. Central pressures (mean arterial pressure [MAP] and systolic blood pressure [SBP]) were found to be significantly higher than their peripheral counterparts, with mean gradients of 3.5 and 8.0 mm Hg, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference in central or peripheral diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Subgroup analysis further highlighted a higher MAP gradient during the on-cardiopulmonary bypass stage of cardiac surgery, reperfusion stage of liver transplant, and in nonsurgical critically ill patients. SBP or DBP gradient did not demonstrate any subgroup specific changes. CONCLUSIONS:. SBP and MAP obtained by central arterial cannulation were higher than peripheral arterial cannulation; however, clinical implication of a difference of 8.0 mm Hg in SBP and 3.5 mm Hg in MAP remains unclear. Our current clinical practices preferring peripheral arterial lines need not change.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Angiotensin II treatment is associated with improved oxygenation in ARDS patients with refractory vasodilatory shock

Author: Daniel E. Leisman, Damian R. Handisides, Lakhmir S. Chawla, Timothy E. Albertson, Laurence W. Busse, David W. Boldt, Adam M. Deane, Michelle N. Gong, Kealy R. Ham, Ashish K. Khanna, Marlies Ostermann, Michael T. McCurdy, B. Taylor Thompson, James S. Tumlin, Christopher D. Adams, Tony N. Hodges, and Rinaldo Bellomo
Subjects: Angiotensin II, Renin–angiotensin system, ARDS, Norepinephrine, Shock, Septic, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Background The physiological effects of renin-angiotensin system modulation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain controversial and have not been investigated in randomized trials. We sought to determine whether angiotensin-II treatment is associated with improved oxygenation in shock-associated ARDS. Methods Post-hoc subgroup analysis of the Angiotensin Therapy for High Output Shock (ATHOS-3) trial. We studied patients who met modified Berlin ARDS criteria at enrollment. The primary outcome was PaO2/FiO2-ratio (P:F) at 48-h adjusted for baseline P:F. Secondary outcomes included oxygenation index, ventilatory ratio, PEEP, minute-ventilation, hemodynamic measures, patients alive and ventilator-free by day-7, and mortality. Results Of 81 ARDS patients, 34 (42%) and 47 (58%) were randomized to angiotensin-II or placebo, respectively. In angiotensin-II patients, mean P:F increased from 155 mmHg (SD: 69) at baseline to 265 mmHg (SD: 160) at hour-48 compared with no change with placebo (148 mmHg (SD: 63) at baseline versus 164 mmHg (SD: 74) at hour-48)(baseline-adjusted difference: + 98.4 mmHg [95%CI 35.2–161.5], p = 0.0028). Similarly, oxygenation index decreased by − 6.0 cmH2O/mmHg at hour-48 with angiotensin-II versus − 0.4 cmH2O/mmHg with placebo (baseline-adjusted difference: -4.8 cmH2O/mmHg, [95%CI − 8.6 to − 1.1], p = 0.0273). There was no difference in PEEP, minute ventilation, or ventilatory ratio. Twenty-two (64.7%) angiotensin-II patients had sustained hemodynamic response to treatment at hour-3 versus 17 (36.2%) placebo patients (absolute risk-difference: 28.5% [95%CI 6.5–47.0%], p = 0.0120). At day-7, 7/34 (20.6%) angiotensin-II patients were alive and ventilator-free versus 5/47(10.6%) placebo patients. Day-28 mortality was 55.9% in the angiotensin-II group versus 68.1% in the placebo group. Conclusions In post-hoc analysis of the ATHOS-3 trial, angiotensin-II was associated with improved oxygenation versus placebo among patients with ARDS and catecholamine-refractory vasodilatory shock. These findings provide a physiologic rationale for trials of angiotensin-II as treatment for ARDS with vasodilatory shock. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov Identifier: NCT02338843 (Registered January 14th 2015).
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation: The complete picture

Author: Ashish K Khanna
Subjects: Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Correction: Optimization of kidney function in cardiac surgery patients with intra-abdominal hypertension: expert opinion

Author: Vanessa Moll, Ashish K. Khanna, Andrea Kurz, Jiapeng Huang, Marije Smit, Madhav Swaminathan, Steven Minear, K. Gage Parr, Amit Prabhakar, Manxu Zhao, and Manu L. N. G. Malbrain
Subjects: Surgery, RD1-811
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Statins-More Than Just Plaque Stabilisation

Author: Ashish K Khanna and Satinder Gombar
Subjects: Statins, Perioperative, Cardiac, Critically ill, Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3
Abstract: Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors, better known as statins have come a long way in the recent years, not just in perioperative cardiac protection but also as potential agents for the critically ill patient in intensive care. To review the large body of literature on the pleiotropic effects of statins and to highlight their role not just in the stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaques but also improved outcomes in sepsis. PubMed was searched using "perioperative", "cardiac", "critically ill", "statins" and combinations of these terms as keywords. The reference lists of relevant articles were further reviewed to identify additional citations. Principal findings: The underlying pharmacology, cellular and metabolic responses to statin therapy are elucidated. The duration and timing of statin therapy in terms of perioperative practice is presented along with evidence regarding the utility and safety of peri-operative statin therapy. The indications for peri-operative statin therapy especially for vascular surgical patients and the need for continuation post operatively are highlighted. Potential roles in sepsis and septic shock though in their infancy as of now are reviewed and outcomes presented. Recommendations for peri-operative statin therapy are made with the need for more work before extrapolation to the clinical scenario. Perioperative statin therapy seems to be associated with a survival benefit, with a variable effect on postoperative cardiovascular morbidity. The available evidence also suggests that, there may be a benefit from including statins in the therapy for treatment of sepsis. Larger prospective, randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these observations and to determine the optimal timing and duration of statin therapy in the perioperative setting.
Published: 2008

14. Multimodal Machine Learning for Automated ICD Coding.

Author: Keyang Xu, Mike Lam, Jingzhi Pang, Xin Gao 0001, Charlotte Band, Piyush Mathur, Frank Papay, Ashish K. Khanna, Jacek B. Cywinski, Kamal Maheshwari, Pengtao Xie, and Eric P. Xing
Published: 2019

15. Efficacy and safety of angiotensin II in cardiogenic shock: A systematic review

Author: Mridul Bansal, Aryan Mehta, Patrick M. Wieruszewski, P. Matthew Belford, David X. Zhao, Ashish K. Khanna, and Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula
Subjects: Emergency Medicine, General Medicine
Published: 2023

16. Not all Shock States Are Created Equal

Author: Sarah Khorsand, Mada F. Helou, Veena Satyapriya, Rafal Kopanczyk, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, General Medicine
Published: 2023

17. Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Imaging of Selective Lobar Delivery of Stem Cells in Ex Vivo Lung Model of Mechanical Ventilation

Author: Luiz Maracaja, Ashish K. Khanna, Sean V. Murphy, Danielle L.V. Maracaja, Magan R. Lane, Oula Khoury, Josh Tan, Naresh Damuka, Freda F. Crawford, Joseph A. Bottoms, Mack D. Miller, David W. Kaczka, James Eric Jordam, and Kiran Kumar Solingapuram Sai
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Pharmaceutical Science, Pharmacology (medical)
Published: 2023

18. Targeted Temperature Management in Cardiac Arrest: An Updated Narrative Review

Author: Agastya D. Belur, Yub Raj Sedhai, Alexander G. Truesdell, Ashish K. Khanna, Joseph D. Mishkin, P. Matthew Belford, David X. Zhao, and Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published: 2022

19. Level of Evidence of Guidelines for Perioperative Management of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Evaluation Using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II Tool

Author: Mandeep Singh, Chenchen Tian, Jaime B. Hyman, Shahla Siddiqui, Dennis Auckley, Ashish K. Khanna, Jean Wong, Marina Englesakis, Kawal Preet Singh, and Satya Krishna Ramachandran
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Published: 2022

20. High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Outcomes in COVID-19: Reading Between the Lines

Author: Ashish K. Khanna, Audrey De Jong, and Sheila Nainan Myatra
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Published: 2023

21. Admission Code Status and End-of-life Care for Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Author: Whitney A Kiker, Si Cheng, Lauren R Pollack, Claire J Creutzfeldt, Erin K Kross, J Randall Curtis, Katherine A Belden, Roman Melamed, Donna Lee Armaignac, Smith F Heavner, Amy B Christie, Valerie M Banner-Goodspeed, Ashish K Khanna, Uluhan Sili, Harry L Anderson, Vishakha Kumar, Allan Walkey, Rahul Kashyap, Ognjen Gajic, Juan Pablo Domecq, Nita Khandelwal, and Kiker W. A. , Cheng S., Pollack L. R. , Creutzfeldt C. J. , Kross E. K. , Curtis J. R. , Belden K. A. , Melamed R., Armaignac D. L. , Heavner S. F. , et al.
Subjects: Male, Anesteziyoloji ve Ağrı Tıbbı, Nursing, CLINICAL NEUROLOGY, Sağlık Bilimleri, Clinical Medicine (MED), Nöroloji (klinik), Nöroloji, Anesthesiology, Surgery Medicine Sciences, Health Sciences, Humans, Klinik Tıp (MED), Pandemics, General Nursing, Resuscitation Orders, Retrospective Studies, COVID, Terminal Care, HEMŞİRELİK, KLİNİK NÖROLOJİ, Internal Medicine Sciences, Klinik Tıp, Genel Hemşirelik, ANESTEZİYOLOJİ, COVID-19, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri, CLINICAL MEDICINE, Tıp, Cross-Sectional Studies, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesteziyoloji, Neurology, Cerrahi Tıp Bilimleri, End of life, Palliative care, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), Hemşirelik
Abstract: © 2022 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative MedicineContext: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted variability in intensity of care. We aimed to characterize intensity of care among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Objectives: Examine the prevalence and predictors of admission code status, palliative care consultation, comfort-measures-only orders, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional study examined data from an international registry of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. A proportional odds model evaluated predictors of more aggressive code status (i.e., Full Code) vs. less (i.e., Do Not Resuscitate, DNR). Among decedents, logistic regression was used to identify predictors of palliative care consultation, comfort measures only, and CPR at time of death. Results: We included 29,923 patients across 179 sites. Among those with admission code status documented, Full Code was selected by 90% (n = 15,273). Adjusting for site, Full Code was more likely for patients who were of Black or Asian race (ORs 1.82, 95% CIs 1.5–2.19; 1.78, 1.15–3.09 respectively, relative to White race), Hispanic ethnicity (OR 1.89, CI 1.35–2.32), and male sex (OR 1.16, CI 1.0–1.33). Of the 4951 decedents, 29% received palliative care consultation, 59% transitioned to comfort measures only, and 29% received CPR, with non-White racial and ethnic groups less likely to receive comfort measures only and more likely to receive CPR. Conclusion: In this international cohort of patients with COVID-19, Full Code was the initial code status in the majority, and more likely among patients who were Black or Asian race, Hispanic ethnicity or male. These results provide direction for future studies to improve these disparities in care.
Published: 2022

22. Continuous intra-abdominal pressure: is it ready for prime time?

Author: Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Bart L. De Keulenaer, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Abdomen, Pressure, Humans, Intra-Abdominal Hypertension, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Published: 2022

23. Association Between Mobilization and Composite Postoperative Complications Following Major Elective Surgery

Author: Alparslan Turan, Ashish K. Khanna, Jack Brooker, Amit K. Saha, Clancy J. Clark, Anusha Samant, Elif Ozcimen, Xuan Pu, Kurt Ruetzler, and Daniel I. Sessler
Subjects: Surgery
Abstract: ImportanceMobilization after surgery is a key component of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) pathways.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between mobilization and a collapsed composite of postoperative complications in patients recovering from major elective surgery as well as hospital length of stay, cumulative pain scores, and 30-day readmission rates.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective observational study conducted at a single quaternary US referral center included patients who had elective surgery between February 2017 and October 2020. Mobilization was assessed over the first 48 postoperative hours with wearable accelerometers, and outcomes were assessed throughout hospitalization. Patients who had elective surgery lasting at least 2 hours followed by at least 48 hours of hospitalization were included. A minimum of 12 hours of continuous accelerometer monitoring was required without missing confounding variables or key data. Among 16 203 potential participants, 8653 who met inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. Data were analyzed from February 2017 to October 2020.ExposuresAmount of mobilization per hour for 48 postoperative hours.OutcomesThe primary outcome was a composite of myocardial injury, ileus, stroke, venous thromboembolism, pulmonary complications, and all-cause in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay, cumulative pain scores, and 30-day readmission.ResultsOf 8653 included patients (mean [SD] age, 57.6 [16.0] years; 4535 [52.4%] female), 633 (7.3%) experienced the primary outcome. Mobilization time was a median (IQR) of 3.9 (1.7-7.8) minutes per monitored hour overall, 3.2 (0.9-7.4) in patients who experienced the primary outcome, and 4.1 (1.8-7.9) in those who did not. There was a significant association between postoperative mobilization and the composite outcome (hazard ratio [HR], 0.75; 95% CI, 0.67-0.84; P P Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, mobilization measured by wearable accelerometers was associated with fewer postoperative complications and shorter hospital length of stay.
Published: 2023

24. A Successful Gap-Year Clinical Research Technician (CRT) Program at an Academic Anesthesiology Department

Author: Anusha N Samant, Jessica E Fanelli, Ashish K Khanna, and Scott Segal
Subjects: General Engineering
Published: 2023

25. Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

Author: Tài, Pham, Leo, Heunk, Giacomo, Bellani, Fabiana, Madotto, Irene, Aragao, Gaëtan, Beduneau, Ewan C, Goligher, Giacomo, Grasselli, Jon Henrik, Laake, Jordi, Mancebo, Oscar, Peñuela, Lise, Piquilloud, Antonio, Pesenti, Hannah, Wunsch, Frank, van Haren, Laurent, Brochard, John G, Laffey, Abrough, Fekri, P Acharya, Subhash, Amin, Pravin, Arabi, Yaseen, Aragao, Irene, Bauer, Philippe, Beduneau, Gaëtan, Beitler, Jeremy, Berkius, Johan, Bugedo, Guillermo, Camporota, Luigi, Cerny, Vladimir, Cho, Young-Jae, Clarkson, Kevin, Estenssoro, Elisa, Goligher, Ewan, Grasselli, Giacomo, Gritsan, Alexey, Mohammadreza Hashemian, Seyed, Hermans, Greet, M Heunks, Leo, Jovanovic, Bojan, Kurahashi, Kiyoyasu, Henrik Laake, Jon, Matamis, Dimitrio, Moerer, Onnen, Molnar, Zsolt, Ozyilmaz, Ezgi, Panka, Bernardo, Papali, Alfred, Peñuelas, Óscar, Perbet, Sébastien, Piquilloud, Lise, Qiu, Haibo, Abdel Razek, Assem, Rittayamai, Nuttapol, Roldan, Rollin, Serpa Neto, Ary, Szuldrzynski, Konstanty, Talmor, Daniel, Tomescu, Dana, Van Haren, Frank, Villagomez, Asisclo, Ali Zeggwagh, Amine, Abe, Toshikazu, Aboshady, Abdelrhman, Acampo-de Jong, Melanie, Acharya, Subhash, Adderley, Jane, Adiguzel, Nalan, Kumar Agrawal, Vijay, Aguilar, Gerardo, Aguirre, Gaston, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernan, Ahlström, Björn, Akbas, Türkay, Akker, Mustafa, Al Sadeh, Ghamdan, Alamri, Sultan, Algaba, Angela, Ali, Muneeb, Aliberti, Anna, Manuel Allegue, Jose, Alvarez, Diana, Amador, Joaquin, H Andersen, Finn, Ansari, Sharique, Apichatbutr, Yutthana, Apostolopoulou, Olympia, Arellano, Daniel, Arica, Mestanza, Arikan, Huseyin, Arinaga, Koichi, Arnal, Jean-Michel, Asano, Kengo, Asín-Corrochano, Marta, Milagrito Avalos Cabrera, Jesu, Avila Fuentes, Silvia, Aydemir, Semih, Aygencel, Gulbin, Azevedo, Luciano, Bacakoglu, Feza, Badie, Julio, Baedorf Kassis, Elia, Bai, Gabriela, Balaraj, Govindan, Ballico, Bruno, Banner-Goodspeed, Valerie, Banwarie, Preveen, Barbieri, Rosella, Baronia, Arvind, Barrett, Jonathan, Barrot, Loïc, Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Jesu, Barry, Jeffrey, Bawangade, Harshal, Beavis, Sarah, Beck, Eduardo, Beehre, Nina, Belenguer Muncharaz, Alberto, Bellani, Giacomo, Belliato, Mirko, Bellissima, Agrippino, Beltramelli, Rodrigo, Ben Souissi, Asma, Benitez-Cano, Adela, Benlamin, Mohamed, Benslama, Abdellatif, Bento, Lui, Benvenuti, Daniela, Bernabe, Laura, Bersten, Andrew, Berta, Giacomo, Bertini, Pietro, Bertram-Ralph, Elliot, Besbes, Mohamed, Roberto Bettini, Lisandro, Beuret, Pascal, Bewley, Jeremy, Bezzi, Marco, Bhakhtiani, Lakshay, Bhandary, Rakesh, Bhowmick, Kaushik, Bihari, Shailesh, Bissett, Bernie, Blythe, David, Bocher, Simon, Boedjawan, Narain, M Bojanowski, Christine, Boni, Elisa, Boraso, Sabrina, Borelli, Massimo, Borello, Silvina, Borislavova, Margarita, J Bosma, Karen, Bottiroli, Maurizio, Boyd, Owen, Bozbay, Suha, Briva, Arturo, Brochard, Laurent, Bruel, Cédric, Bruni, Andrea, Buehner, Ulrike, Bulpa, Pierre, Burt, Karen, Buscot, Mathieu, Buttera, Stefania, Cabrera, Jorge, Caccese, Roberta, Caironi, Pietro, Canchos Gutierrez, Ivan, Canedo, Nancy, Cani, Alma, Cappellini, Iacopo, Carazo, Jesu, Pablo Cardonnet, Lui, Carpio, David, Carriedo, Demetrio, Carrillo, Ramón, Carvalho, João, Caser, Eliana, Castelli, Antonio, Castillo Quintero, Manuel, Castro, Heloisa, Catorze, Nuno, Cengiz, Melike, Cereijo, Enrique, Ceunen, Helga, Chaintoutis, Christo, Chang, Youjin, Chaparro, Gustavogcha, Chapman, Carmel, Chau, Simon, Eugenia Chavez, Cecilia, Chelazzi, Cosimo, Chelly, Jonathan, Chemouni, Frank, Chen, Kai, Chena, Ariel, Chiarandini, Paolo, Chilton, Phil, Chiumello, Davide, Chou-Lie, Yvette, Chudeau, Nicola, Cinel, Ismail, Cinnella, Gilda, Clark, Michele, Clark, Thoma, Clementi, Stefano, Coaguila, Lui, Jaspe Codecido, Alexi, Collins, Amy, Colombo, Riccardo, Conde, Juan, Consales, Guglielmo, Cook, Tim, Coppadoro, Andrea, Cornejo, Rodrigo, Cortegiani, Andrea, Coxo, Cristina, Neville Cracchiolo, Andrea, Crespo Ramirez, Mónica, Crova, Philippe, Cruz, José, Cubattoli, Lucia, Çukurova, Zafer, Curto, Francesco, Czempik, Piotr, D'Andrea, Rocco, da Silva Ramos, Fernando, Dangers, Laurence, Danguy des Déserts, Marc, Danin, Pierre-Eric, Dantas, Fabianne, Daubin, Cédric, Dawei, Wu, de Haro, Candelaria, de Jesus Montelongo, Felipe, De Mendoza, Diego, de Pablo, Raúl, De Pascale, Gennaro, De Rosa, Silvia, Decavèle, Maxen, Declercq, Pierre-Loui, Deicas, Alberto, Del Carmen Campos Moreno, María, Dellamonica, Jean, Delmas, Benjamin, Demirkiran, Oktay, Demirkiran, Hilmi, Dendane, Tarek, di Mussi, Rossella, Diakaki, Chrysi, Diaz, Anatilde, Diaz, Willy, Dikmen, Yalim, Dimoula, Aikaterini, Doble, Patricia, Doha, Nagwa, Domingos, Guilherme, Dres, Martin, Dries, David, Duggal, Abhijit, Duke, Graeme, Dunts, Pavel, Dybwik, Knut, Dykyy, Maksym, Eckert, Philippe, Efe, Serdar, Elatrous, Souheil, Elay, Gülseren, S Elmaryul, Abubaker, Elsaadany, Mohamed, Elsayed, Hany, Elsayed, Samar, Emery, Malo, Ena, Sébastien, Eng, Kevin, A Englert, Joshua, Erdogan, Elif, Ergin Ozcan, Perihan, Eroglu, Ege, Escobar, Miguel, Esen, Figen, Esen Tekeli, Arzu, Esquivel, Alejandro, Esquivel Gallegos, Helbert, Ezzouine, Hanane, Facchini, Alberto, Faheem, Mohammad, Fanelli, Vito, Fernanda Farina, Maria, Fartoukh, Muriel, Fehrle, Lutz, Feng, Feng, Feng, Yufeng, Fernandez, Irene, Fernandez, Borja, Lorena Fernandez-Rodriguez, Maria, Ferrando, Carlo, João Ferreira da Silva, Maria, Ferreruela, Mireia, Ferrier, Janet, Jesús Flamm Zamorano, Matia, Flood, Laura, Floris, Leda, Fluckiger, Martin, Forteza, Catalina, Fortunato, Antonella, Frans, Eric, Frattari, Antonella, Fredes, Sebastian, Frenzel, Tim, Fumagalli, Roberto, Andres Furche, Mariano, Fusari, Maurizio, Fysh, Edward, Luis Galeas-Lopez, Juan, Galerneau, Louis-Marie, Garcia, Analía, Fernanda Garcia, María, Garcia, Elisabet, Garcia Olivares, Pablo, Garlicki, Jaroslaw, Garnero, Aude, Garofalo, Eugenio, Gautam, Prabha, Gazenkampf, Andrey, Gelinotte, Stéphanie, Gelormini, Domenico, Ghrenassia, Etienne, Giacomucci, Angelo, Giannoni, Robert, Gigante, Andrea, Glober, Nancy, Gnesin, Paolo, Gollo, Yari, Gomaa, Dina, Gomero Paredes, Rosita, Gomes, Rui, Alejandro Gomez, Raúl, Gomez, Oscar, Gomez, Aroa, Gondim, Louise, Gonzalez, Manuel, Gonzalez, Isabel, Gonzalez-Castro, Alejandro, Gordillo Romero, Orlando, Gordo, Federico, Gouin, Philippe, Graf Santos, Jerónimo, Grainne, Rooney, Grando, Matilde, Granov Grabovica, Sanja, Grasso, Salvatore, Grasso, Rinaldo, Grimmer, Lisa, Grissom, Colin, Gu, Qing, Guan, Xiang-Dong, Guarracino, Fabio, Guasch, Neu, Guatteri, Luca, Gueret, Renaud, Guérin, Claude, Guerot, Emmanuel, Guitard, Pierre-Gilda, Gül, Fethi, Gumus, Ayca, Gurjar, Mohan, Gutierrez, Patricia, Hachimi, Abdelhamid, Hadzibegovic, Adi, Hagan, Samantha, Hammel, Clare, Han Song, Joo, Hanlon, Gabrielle, Heines, Serge, Henriksson, Johanna, Herbrecht, Jean-Etienne, Omar Heredia Orbegoso, Gabriel, Hermon, Andrew, Hernandez, Rosana, Hernandez, Carmen, Herrera, Lui, Herrera-Gutierrez, Manuel, Heunks, Leo, Hidalgo, Juan, Hill, Dianne, Holmquist, Dagmar, Homez, Marcela, Hongtao, Xia, Hormis, Anil, Horner, Daniel, Carmen Hornos, M, Hou, Meihong, House, Stacy, Housni, Brahim, Hugill, Keith, Humphreys, Sally, Humbert, Loui, Hunter, Stephanie, Hwa Young, Lee, Iezzi, Nicola, Ilutovich, Santiago, Inal, Volkan, Innes, Richard, Ioannides, Panagioti, Antonio Iotti, Giorgio, Ippolito, Mariachiara, Irie, Hiromasa, Iriyama, Hiroki, Itagaki, Taiga, Izura, Javier, Izza, Santiago, Jabeen, Rakhshanda, Jamaati, Hamidreza, Jamadarkhana, Sunil, Jamoussi, Amira, Jankowski, Milosz, Alberto Jaramillo, Lui, Jeon, Kyeongman, Jeong Lee, Seok, Jeswani, Deepak, Jha, Simant, Jiang, Liangyan, Jing, Chen, Jochmans, Sébastien, Anders Johnstad, Bror, Jongmin, Lee, Joret, Aurélie, Junhasavasdikul, Detajin, Teresa Jurado, Maria, Kam, Elisa, Kamohara, Hidenobu, Kane, Caroline, Kara, Iskender, Karakurt, Sait, Karnjanarachata, Cherdkiat, Kataoka, Jun, Katayama, Shinshu, Kaushik, Shuchi, Kelebek Girgin, Nermin, Kerr, Kathryn, Kerslake, Ian, Khairnar, Prakash, Khalid, Abidi, Khan, Akram, K Khanna, Ashish, Khorasanee, Reza, Kienhorst, Dieneke, Kirakli, Cenk, Knafelj, Rihard, Kol Kol, Mark, Kongpolprom, Napplika, Kopitko, Csaba, Korkmaz Ekren, Pervin, Kubisz-Pudelko, Agnieszka, Kulcsar, Zoltan, Kumasawa, Junji, Kuriyama, Akira, Kutchak, Fernanda, Labarca, Eduardo, Labat, Françoise, Laborda, César, Alberto Laca Barrera, Manuel, Lagache, Laurie, Landaverde Lopez, Antonio, Lanspa, Michael, Lascari, Valeria, Le Meur, Matthieu, Hwan Lee, Su, Ju Lee, Young, Lee, Jinwoo, Lee, Won-Yeon, Lee, Jarone, Legernaes, Terje, Leiner, Tamaa, Lemiale, Virginie, Leonor, Tiago, M Lepper, Philipp, Li, Dahuan, Li, Hongbin, Li, Oleg, Raquel Lima, Ana, Lind, Dan, Litton, Edward, Liu, Ning, Liu, Ling, Liu, Jialin, Llitjos, Jean-Françoi, Llorente, Beatriz, Lopez, Rodolfo, Elizabeth Lopez, Claudia, Lopez Nava, Claudia, Lovazzano, Pablo, Lu, Min, Lucchese, Francesca, Lugano, Manuela, Lugo Goytia, Gustavo, Luo, Hua, Lynch, Ceri, Macheda, Sebastiano, Hugo Madrigal Robles, Victor, Maurizio Maggiore, Salvatore, Magret Iglesias, Mònica, Malaga, Peter, Mallapura Maheswarappa, Harish, Malpartida, Guillermo, Malyarchikov, Andrey, Mansson, Helena, Manzano, Anaid, Marey, Ismael, Marin, Nathalie, Del Carmen Marin, Maria, Markman, Eliana, Martin, Felix, Martin, Alex, Martin Dal Gesso, Cristina, Martinez, Felipe, Martínez-Fidalgo, Conchita, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Mas, Arantxa, Masaaki, Sakuraya, Maseda, Emilio, Massa, Eleni, Mattsson, Anna, Maugeri, Jessica, Mccredie, Victoria, Mccullough, Jame, Mcguinness, Shay, Mckown, Andrew, Medve, László, Mei, Chengqing, Mellado Artigas, Ricard, Mendes, Vitor, Khalaf Ebraheim Mervat, Mohamed, Michaux, Isabelle, Mikhaeil, Michael, Milagros, Olga, Milet, Igor, Teresa Millan, Maria, Minwei, Zhang, Mirabella, Lucia, Mishra, Sanghamitra, Mistraletti, Giovanni, Mochizuki, Katsunori, Moghal, Arif, Mojoli, Francesco, Molin, Alexandre, Montiel, Raquel, Montini, Luca, Monza, Gianmario, Mora Aznar, Maria, Morakul, Sunthiti, Morales, Maria, Moreno Torres, Daniel, Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Diego, Motherway, Catherine, Mouhssine, Doumiri, Mouloudi, Eleni, Muñoz, Tapia, Munoz de Cabo, Carlo, Mustafa, Mohamed, Muthuchellappan, Radhakrishnan, Muthukrishnan, Muraleekrishnan, Muttini, Stefano, Nagata, Isao, Nahar, Dick, Nakanishi, Misuzu, Nakayama, Izumi, Antonio Namendys-Silva, Silvio, Nanchal, Rahul, Nandakumar, Sivakumar, Nasi, Alessandra, Nasir, Kamal, Navalesi, Paolo, Naz Aslam, Tayyba, Nga Phan, Thuy, Nichol, Alistair, Niiyama, Shuhei, Nikolakopoulou, Sofia, Nikolic, Elena, Nitta, Kenichi, Noc, Marko, Nonas, Stephanie, Nseir, Saad, Nur Soyturk, Ayse, Obata, Yukako, Oeckler, Richard, Oguchi, Moe, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Oikonomou, Marina, Ojados, Agueda, Teresa Oliveira, Maria, Oliveira Filho, Wilson, Oliveri, Carlo, Olmos, Aitor, Omura, Kazuya, Cristina Orlandi, Maria, Orsenigo, Francesca, Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa, Laura, Ota, Kei, Ovalle Olmos, Rainier, Öveges, Nándo, Oziemski, Peter, Ozkan Kuscu, Ozlem, Özyilmaz, Ezgi, Pachas Alvarado, Fernando, Pagella, Gonzalo, Palaniswamy, Vijayanand, Luis Palazon Sanchez, Eugenio, Palmese, Salvatore, Pan, Guojun, Pan, Wensen, Papanikolaou, Metaxia, Papavasilopoulou, Theonymfi, Parekh, Ameet, Parke, Rachael, J Parrilla, Francisco, Parrilla, Dácil, Pasha, Taha, Pasin, Laura, Patão, Lui, Patel, Mayur, Patel, Grisma, Kumar Pati, Basanta, Patil, Jayaprakash, Pattnaik, Saroj, Paul, Daniel, Pavesi, Maurizio, Alejandra Pavlotsky, Vanesa, Paz, Graciela, Paz, Enrique, Pecci, Elisabetta, Pellegrini, Carlo, Gabriela Peña Padilla, Andrea, Perchiazzi, Gaetano, Pereira, Tiago, Pereira, Vera, Perez, Manuel, Perez Calvo, Cesar, Perez Cheng, Meisy, Perez Maita, Ronald, Pérez-Araos, Rodrigo, Perez-Teran, Purificación, Perez-Torres, David, Perkins, Gavin, Persona, Paolo, Petnak, Tananchai, Petrova, Marina, Pham, Tai, Philippart, Françoi, Picetti, Edoardo, Pierucci, Elisabetta, Piervincenzi, Edoardo, Pinciroli, Riccardo, Pintado, Maria-Consuelo, Piraino, Thoma, Piras, Stephanie, Piras, Claudio, Pirompanich, Pattarin, Pisani, Luigi, Platas, Enrique, Plotnikow, Gustavo, Porras, Willy, Porta, Virginia, Portilla, Mariana, Portugal, José, Povoa, Pedro, Prat, Gwenael, Pratto, Romina, Preda, Gabriel, Prieto, Isidro, Prol-Silva, Estefania, Pugh, Richard, Qi, Yupeng, Qian, Chuanyun, Qin, Tiehe, Qu, Hongping, Quintana, Teobaldo, Quispe Sierra, Rosari, Quispe Soto, Rocio, Rabbani, Raihan, Rabee, Mohamed, Rabie, Ahmed, Augusta Rahe Pereira, Maria, Rai, Ashish, Raj Ashok, Sundar, Rajab, Mostafa, Ramdhani, Navin, Ramey, Elizabeth, Ranieri, Marco, Rathod, Darshana, Ray, Banambar, Mahmud Redwanul Huq, Shihan, Regli, Adrian, Reina, Rosa, Resano Sarmiento, Natalia, Reynaud, Faustine, Rialp, Gemma, Ricart, Pilar, Rice, Todd, Richardson, Angu, Rieder, Marcelo, Rinket, Martin, Rios, Fernando, Risso Vazquez, Alejandro, Riva, Ivano, Rivette, Monaly, Roca, Oriol, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Rodriguez, Covadonga, Rodriguez, Gabriel, Rodriguez Gonzalez, Daniel, Yanina Rodriguez Tucto, Xandra, Rogers, Angela, Elena Romano, María, Rørtveit, Linda, Rose, Alastair, Roux, Damien, Rouze, Anahita, Nahuel Rubatto Birri, Paolo, Ruilan, Wang, Ruiz Robledo, Aldana, Luis Ruiz-Aguilar, Antonio, Sadahiro, Tomohito, Saez, Ignacio, Sagardia, Judith, Saha, Rajnish, Saha, Rohit, Saiphoklang, Narongkorn, Saito, Shigeki, Salem, Maie, Sales, Gabriele, Salgado, Patricia, Samavedam, Sriniva, Sami Mebazaa, Mhamed, Samuelsson, Line, San Juan Roman, Nandyelly, Sanchez, Patricia, Sanchez-Ballesteros, Jesu, Sandoval, Yazcitk, Sani, Emanuele, Santos, Martin, Santos, Carla, Sanui, Masamitsu, Saravanabavan, Lakshmikanthcharan, Sari, Sema, Sarkany, Agne, Sauneuf, Bertrand, Savioli, Monica, Sazak, Hilal, Scano, Riccardo, Schneider, Franci, Schortgen, Frédérique, J Schultz, Marcu, Leonie Schwarz, Gabriele, Seçkin Yücesoy, Faruk, Seely, Andrew, Seiler, Frederik, Seker Tekdos, Yasemin, Seok Chan, Kim, Serano, Luca, Serednicki, Wojciech, Setten, Mariano, Shah, Asim, Shah, Bhagyesh, Shang, You, Shanmugasundaram, Pradeep, Shapovalov, Konstantin, Shebl, Eman, Shiga, Takuya, Shime, Nobuaki, Shin, Phil, Short, Jack, Shuhua, Chen, Siddiqui, Sughrat, Ignacio Silesky Jimenez, Juan, Silva, Daniel, Silva Sales, Betania, Simons, Koen, Ågot Sjøbø, Brit, Slessor, David, Smiechowicz, Jakub, Smischney, Nathan, Smith, Paul, Smith, Tim, Smith, Mark, Snape, Sarah, Snyman, Lindi, Soetens, Filiep, Sook Hong, Kyung, Ángel Sosa Medellin, Miguel, Soto, Giovanna, Souloy, Xavier, Sousa, Elsa, Sovatzis, Stefania, Sozutek, Didem, Spadaro, Savino, Spagnoli, Marco, Spångfors, Martin, Spittle, Nick, Spivey, Mike, Stapleton, Andrew, Stefanovic, Branislava, Stephenson, Lorraine, Stevenson, Elizabeth, Strand, Kristian, Teresa Strano, Maria, Straus, Slavenka, Sun, Chenliang, Sun, Rongqing, Sundaram, Venkat, Sunpark, Tai, Surlemont, Elisabeth, Sutherasan, Yuda, Szabo, Zsuzsanna, Tainter, Christopher, Takaba, Akihiro, Tallott, Mandy, Tamasato, Tamasato, Tang, Zhanhong, Tangsujaritvijit, Viratch, Taniguchi, Leandro, Taniguchi, Daisuke, Tarantino, Fabio, Teerapuncharoen, Krittika, Temprano, Susana, Terragni, Pierpaolo, Terzi, Nicola, Thakur, Anand, Theerawit, Pongdhep, W Thille, Arnaud, Thomas, Matt, Thungtitigul, Poungrat, Thyrault, Martial, Tilouch, Nejla, Timenetsky, Karina, Tirapu, Juna, Todeschini, Manuel, Tomas, Roser, Tomaszewski, Christian, Tonetti, Tommaso, Tonnelier, Alexandre, Trinder, John, Trongtrakul, Konlawij, Truwit, Jonathon, Tsuei, Betty, Tulaimat, Aiman, Turan, Sema, Turkoglu, Melda, Tyagi, Sanjeev, Ubeda, Alejandro, Vagginelli, Federica, Florencia Valenti, María, Vallverdu, Imma, Van Axel, Alisha, van den Hul, Ingrid, van der Hoeven, Han, Van Der Meer, Nardo, Vanhoof, Marc, Vargas-Ordoñez, Mónica, Vaschetto, Rosanna, Vascotto, Ettore, Vatsik, Maria, Vaz, Ana, Vazquez-Sanchez, Antonia, Ventura, Sara, Wytze Vermeijden, Jan, Vidal, Anxela, Vieira, Jocyelle, Vilela Costa Pinto, Bruno, Villagra, Ana, Villegas Succar, Cristina, Georg Vinorum, Ole, Vitale, Giovanni, Vj, Ramesh, Vochin, Ana, Voiriot, Guillaume, Alberto Volta, Carlo, von Seth, Magnu, Wajdi, Maazouzi, Walsh, Don, Wang, Shouhong, Wardi, Gabriel, Christian Ween-Velken, Nil, Wei, Bi-Lin, Weller, Dolf, Welsh, Deborah, Welters, Ingeborg, Wert, Michael, Whiteley, Simon, Wilby, Elizabeth, Williams, Erin, Williams, Karen, Wilson, Antoinette, Wojtas, Jadwiga, Won Huh, Jin, Wrathall, David, Wright, Christopher, Wu, Jian-Feng, Xi, Guo, Xing, Zheng-Jiang, Xu, Hongyang, Yamamoto, Kotaro, Yan, Jie, Yáñez, Julio, Yang, Xiaobo, Yates, Elliot, Yazicioglu Mocin, Ozlem, Ye, Zhenglong, Yildirim, Fatma, Yoshida, Norifumi, Higo Leon Yoshido, Hector, Young Lee, Bo, Yu, Rongguo, Yu, Gong, Yu, Tao, Yuan, Boyun, Yuangtrakul, Nadwipa, Yumoto, Tetsuya, Yun, Xie, Zakalik, Graciela, Zaki, Ahmad, Zalba-Etayo, Begoña, Zambon, Massimo, Zang, Bin, Zani, Gianluca, Zarka, Jonathan, Maria Zerbi, Simone, Zerman, Avsar, Zetterquist, Harald, Zhang, Jiuzhi, Zhang, Hongwen, Zhang, Wei, Zhang, Guoxiu, Zhang, Weixin, Zhao, Hongsheng, Zheng, Jia, Zhu, Bin, Zumaran, Ronald, Pham, Tài, Madotto, Fabiana, Goligher, Ewan C, Laake, Jon Henrik, Mancebo, Jordi, Peñuelas, Oscar, Pesenti, Antonio, Wunsch, Hannah, van Haren, Frank, Laffey, John G, Fekri Abrough, Subhash P Acharya, Pravin Amin, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Philippe Bauer, Gaëtan Beduneau, Jeremy Beitler, Johan Berkius, Guillermo Bugedo, Luigi Camporota, Vladimir Cerny, Young-Jae Cho, Kevin Clarkson, Elisa Estenssoro, Ewan Goligher, Giacomo Grasselli, Alexey Gritsan, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Greet Hermans, Leo M Heunks, Bojan Jovanovic, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Jon Henrik Laake, Dimitrios Matamis, Onnen Moerer, Zsolt Molnar, Ezgi Ozyilmaz, Bernardo Panka, Alfred Papali, Óscar Peñuelas, Sébastien Perbet, Lise Piquilloud, Haibo Qiu, Assem Abdel Razek, Nuttapol Rittayamai, Rollin Roldan, Ary Serpa Neto, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Daniel Talmor, Dana Tomescu, Frank Van Haren, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Toshikazu Abe, Abdelrhman Aboshady, Melanie Acampo-de Jong, Subhash Acharya, Jane Adderley, Nalan Adiguzel, Vijay Kumar Agrawal, Gerardo Aguilar, Gaston Aguirre, Hernan Aguirre-Bermeo, Björn Ahlström, Türkay Akbas, Mustafa Akker, Ghamdan Al Sadeh, Sultan Alamri, Angela Algaba, Muneeb Ali, Anna Aliberti, Jose Manuel Allegue, Diana Alvarez, Joaquin Amador, Finn H Andersen, Sharique Ansari, Yutthana Apichatbutr, Olympia Apostolopoulou, Daniel Arellano, Mestanza Arica, Huseyin Arikan, Koichi Arinaga, Jean-Michel Arnal, Kengo Asano, Marta Asín-Corrochano, Jesus Milagrito Avalos Cabrera, Silvia Avila Fuentes, Semih Aydemir, Gulbin Aygencel, Luciano Azevedo, Feza Bacakoglu, Julio Badie, Elias Baedorf Kassis, Gabriela Bai, Govindan Balaraj, Bruno Ballico, Valerie Banner-Goodspeed, Preveen Banwarie, Rosella Barbieri, Arvind Baronia, Jonathan Barrett, Loïc Barrot, Jesus Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Jeffrey Barry, Harshal Bawangade, Sarah Beavis, Eduardo Beck, Nina Beehre, Alberto Belenguer Muncharaz, Giacomo Bellani, Mirko Belliato, Agrippino Bellissima, Rodrigo Beltramelli, Asma Ben Souissi, Adela Benitez-Cano, Mohamed Benlamin, Abdellatif Benslama, Luis Bento, Daniela Benvenuti, Laura Bernabe, Andrew Bersten, Giacomo Berta, Pietro Bertini, Elliot Bertram-Ralph, Mohamed Besbes, Lisandro Roberto Bettini, Pascal Beuret, Jeremy Bewley, Marco Bezzi, Lakshay Bhakhtiani, Rakesh Bhandary, Kaushik Bhowmick, Shailesh Bihari, Bernie Bissett, David Blythe, Simon Bocher, Narain Boedjawan, Christine M Bojanowski, Elisa Boni, Sabrina Boraso, Massimo Borelli, Silvina Borello, Margarita Borislavova, Karen J Bosma, Maurizio Bottiroli, Owen Boyd, Suha Bozbay, Arturo Briva, Laurent Brochard, Cédric Bruel, Andrea Bruni, Ulrike Buehner, Pierre Bulpa, Karen Burt, Mathieu Buscot, Stefania Buttera, Jorge Cabrera, Roberta Caccese, Pietro Caironi, Ivan Canchos Gutierrez, Nancy Canedo, Alma Cani, Iacopo Cappellini, Jesus Carazo, Luis Pablo Cardonnet, David Carpio, Demetrio Carriedo, Ramón Carrillo, João Carvalho, Eliana Caser, Antonio Castelli, Manuel Castillo Quintero, Heloisa Castro, Nuno Catorze, Melike Cengiz, Enrique Cereijo, Helga Ceunen, Christos Chaintoutis, Youjin Chang, Gustavogcha Chaparro, Carmel Chapman, Simon Chau, Cecilia Eugenia Chavez, Cosimo Chelazzi, Jonathan Chelly, Frank Chemouni, Kai Chen, Ariel Chena, Paolo Chiarandini, Phil Chilton, Davide Chiumello, Yvette Chou-Lie, Nicolas Chudeau, Ismail Cinel, Gilda Cinnella, Michele Clark, Thomas Clark, Stefano Clementi, Luis Coaguila, Alexis Jaspe Codecido, Amy Collins, Riccardo Colombo, Juan Conde, Guglielmo Consales, Tim Cook, Andrea Coppadoro, Rodrigo Cornejo, Andrea Cortegiani, Cristina Coxo, Andrea Neville Cracchiolo, Mónica Crespo Ramirez, Philippe Crova, José Cruz, Lucia Cubattoli, Zafer Çukurova, Francesco Curto, Piotr Czempik, Rocco D'Andrea, Fernando da Silva Ramos, Laurence Dangers, Marc Danguy des Déserts, Pierre-Eric Danin, Fabianne Dantas, Cédric Daubin, Wu Dawei, Candelaria de Haro, Felipe de Jesus Montelongo, Diego De Mendoza, Raúl de Pablo, Gennaro De Pascale, Silvia De Rosa, Maxens Decavèle, Pierre-Louis Declercq, Alberto Deicas, María Del Carmen Campos Moreno, Jean Dellamonica, Benjamin Delmas, Oktay Demirkiran, Hilmi Demirkiran, Tarek Dendane, Rossella di Mussi, Chrysi Diakaki, Anatilde Diaz, Willy Diaz, Yalim Dikmen, Aikaterini Dimoula, Patricia Doble, Nagwa Doha, Guilherme Domingos, Martin Dres, David Dries, Abhijit Duggal, Graeme Duke, Pavel Dunts, Knut Dybwik, Maksym Dykyy, Philippe Eckert, Serdar Efe, Souheil Elatrous, Gülseren Elay, Abubaker S Elmaryul, Mohamed Elsaadany, Hany Elsayed, Samar Elsayed, Malo Emery, Sébastien Ena, Kevin Eng, Joshua A Englert, Elif Erdogan, Perihan Ergin Ozcan, Ege Eroglu, Miguel Escobar, Figen Esen, Arzu Esen Tekeli, Alejandro Esquivel, Helbert Esquivel Gallegos, Hanane Ezzouine, Alberto Facchini, Mohammad Faheem, Vito Fanelli, Maria Fernanda Farina, Muriel Fartoukh, Lutz Fehrle, Feng Feng, Yufeng Feng, Irene Fernandez, Borja Fernandez, Maria Lorena Fernandez-Rodriguez, Carlos Ferrando, Maria João Ferreira da Silva, Mireia Ferreruela, Janet Ferrier, Matias Jesús Flamm Zamorano, Laura Flood, Leda Floris, Martin Fluckiger, Catalina Forteza, Antonella Fortunato, Eric Frans, Antonella Frattari, Sebastian Fredes, Tim Frenzel, Roberto Fumagalli, Mariano Andres Furche, Maurizio Fusari, Edward Fysh, Juan Luis Galeas-Lopez, Louis-Marie Galerneau, Analía Garcia, María Fernanda Garcia, Elisabet Garcia, Pablo Garcia Olivares, Jaroslaw Garlicki, Aude Garnero, Eugenio Garofalo, Prabha Gautam, Andrey Gazenkampf, Stéphanie Gelinotte, Domenico Gelormini, Etienne Ghrenassia, Angelo Giacomucci, Robert Giannoni, Andrea Gigante, Nancy Glober, Paolo Gnesin, Yari Gollo, Dina Gomaa, Rosita Gomero Paredes, Rui Gomes, Raúl Alejandro Gomez, Oscar Gomez, Aroa Gomez, Louise Gondim, Manuel Gonzalez, Isabel Gonzalez, Alejandro Gonzalez-Castro, Orlando Gordillo Romero, Federico Gordo, Philippe Gouin, Jerónimo Graf Santos, Rooney Grainne, Matilde Grando, Sanja Granov Grabovica, Salvatore Grasso, Rinaldo Grasso, Lisa Grimmer, Colin Grissom, Qing Gu, Xiang-Dong Guan, Fabio Guarracino, Neus Guasch, Luca Guatteri, Renaud Gueret, Claude Guérin, Emmanuel Guerot, Pierre-Gildas Guitard, Fethi Gül, Ayca Gumus, Mohan Gurjar, Patricia Gutierrez, Abdelhamid Hachimi, Adi Hadzibegovic, Samantha Hagan, Clare Hammel, Joo Han Song, Gabrielle Hanlon, Serge Heines, Johanna Henriksson, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Gabriel Omar Heredia Orbegoso, Andrew Hermon, Rosana Hernandez, Carmen Hernandez, Luis Herrera, Manuel Herrera-Gutierrez, Leo Heunks, Juan Hidalgo, Dianne Hill, Dagmar Holmquist, Marcela Homez, Xia Hongtao, Anil Hormis, Daniel Horner, M Carmen Hornos, Meihong Hou, Stacy House, Brahim Housni, Keith Hugill, Sally Humphreys, Louis Humbert, Stephanie Hunter, Lee Hwa Young, Nicolas Iezzi, Santiago Ilutovich, Volkan Inal, Richard Innes, Panagiotis Ioannides, Giorgio Antonio Iotti, Mariachiara Ippolito, Hiromasa Irie, Hiroki Iriyama, Taiga Itagaki, Javier Izura, Santiago Izza, Rakhshanda Jabeen, Hamidreza Jamaati, Sunil Jamadarkhana, Amira Jamoussi, Milosz Jankowski, Luis Alberto Jaramillo, Kyeongman Jeon, Seok Jeong Lee, Deepak Jeswani, Simant Jha, Liangyan Jiang, Chen Jing, Sébastien Jochmans, Bror Anders Johnstad, Lee Jongmin, Aurélie Joret, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Maria Teresa Jurado, Elisa Kam, Hidenobu Kamohara, Caroline Kane, Iskender Kara, Sait Karakurt, Cherdkiat Karnjanarachata, Jun Kataoka, Shinshu Katayama, Shuchi Kaushik, Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Kathryn Kerr, Ian Kerslake, Prakash Khairnar, Abidi Khalid, Akram Khan, Ashish K Khanna, Reza Khorasanee, Dieneke Kienhorst, Cenk Kirakli, Rihard Knafelj, Mark Kol Kol, Napplika Kongpolprom, Csaba Kopitko, Pervin Korkmaz Ekren, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Zoltan Kulcsar, Junji Kumasawa, Akira Kuriyama, Fernanda Kutchak, Eduardo Labarca, Françoise Labat, César Laborda, Manuel Alberto Laca Barrera, Laurie Lagache, Antonio Landaverde Lopez, Michael Lanspa, Valeria Lascari, Matthieu Le Meur, Su Hwan Lee, Young Ju Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Won-Yeon Lee, Jarone Lee, Terje Legernaes, Tamaas Leiner, Virginie Lemiale, Tiago Leonor, Philipp M Lepper, Dahuan Li, Hongbin Li, Oleg Li, Ana Raquel Lima, Dan Lind, Edward Litton, Ning Liu, Ling Liu, Jialin Liu, Jean-François Llitjos, Beatriz Llorente, Rodolfo Lopez, Claudia Elizabeth Lopez, Claudia Lopez Nava, Pablo Lovazzano, Min Lu, Francesca Lucchese, Manuela Lugano, Gustavo Lugo Goytia, Hua Luo, Ceri Lynch, Sebastiano Macheda, Victor Hugo Madrigal Robles, Salvatore Maurizio Maggiore, Mònica Magret Iglesias, Peter Malaga, Harish Mallapura Maheswarappa, Guillermo Malpartida, Andrey Malyarchikov, Helena Mansson, Anaid Manzano, Ismael Marey, Nathalie Marin, Maria Del Carmen Marin, Eliana Markman, Felix Martin, Alex Martin, Cristina Martin Dal Gesso, Felipe Martinez, Conchita Martínez-Fidalgo, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Arantxa Mas, Sakuraya Masaaki, Emilio Maseda, Eleni Massa, Anna Mattsson, Jessica Maugeri, Victoria McCredie, James McCullough, Shay McGuinness, Andrew McKown, László Medve, Chengqing Mei, Ricard Mellado Artigas, Vitor Mendes, Mohamed Khalaf Ebraheim Mervat, Isabelle Michaux, Michael Mikhaeil, Olga Milagros, Igor Milet, Maria Teresa Millan, Zhang Minwei, Lucia Mirabella, Sanghamitra Mishra, Giovanni Mistraletti, Katsunori Mochizuki, Arif Moghal, Francesco Mojoli, Alexandre Molin, Raquel Montiel, Luca Montini (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134), Gianmario Monza, Maria Mora Aznar, Sunthiti Morakul, Maria Morales, Daniel Moreno Torres, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Catherine Motherway, Doumiri Mouhssine, Eleni Mouloudi, Tapia Muñoz, Carlos Munoz de Cabo, Mohamed Mustafa, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Muraleekrishnan Muthukrishnan, Stefano Muttini, Isao Nagata, Dick Nahar, Misuzu Nakanishi, Izumi Nakayama, Silvio Antonio Namendys-Silva, Rahul Nanchal, Sivakumar Nandakumar, Alessandra Nasi, Kamal Nasir, Paolo Navalesi, Tayyba Naz Aslam, Thuy Nga Phan, Alistair Nichol, Shuhei Niiyama, Sofia Nikolakopoulou, Elena Nikolic, Kenichi Nitta, Marko Noc, Stephanie Nonas, Saad Nseir, Ayse Nur Soyturk, Yukako Obata, Richard Oeckler, Moe Oguchi, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Marina Oikonomou, Agueda Ojados, Maria Teresa Oliveira, Wilson Oliveira Filho, Carlo Oliveri, Aitor Olmos, Kazuya Omura, Maria Cristina Orlandi, Francesca Orsenigo, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa, Kei Ota, Rainier Ovalle Olmos, Nándo Öveges, Peter Oziemski, Ozlem Ozkan Kuscu, Ezgi Özyilmaz, Fernando Pachas Alvarado, Gonzalo Pagella, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Eugenio Luis Palazon Sanchez, Salvatore Palmese, Guojun Pan, Wensen Pan, Metaxia Papanikolaou, Theonymfi Papavasilopoulou, Ameet Parekh, Rachael Parke, Francisco J Parrilla, Dácil Parrilla, Taha Pasha, Laura Pasin, Luis Patão, Mayur Patel, Grisma Patel, Basanta Kumar Pati, Jayaprakash Patil, Saroj Pattnaik, Daniel Paul, Maurizio Pavesi, Vanesa Alejandra Pavlotsky, Graciela Paz, Enrique Paz, Elisabetta Pecci, Carlos Pellegrini, Andrea Gabriela Peña Padilla, Gaetano Perchiazzi, Tiago Pereira, Vera Pereira, Manuel Perez, Cesar Perez Calvo, Meisy Perez Cheng, Ronald Perez Maita, Rodrigo Pérez-Araos, Purificación Perez-Teran, David Perez-Torres, Gavin Perkins, Paolo Persona, Tananchai Petnak, Marina Petrova, Tai Pham, François Philippart, Edoardo Picetti, Elisabetta Pierucci, Edoardo Piervincenzi, Riccardo Pinciroli, Maria-Consuelo Pintado, Thomas Piraino, Stephanie Piras, Claudio Piras, Pattarin Pirompanich, Luigi Pisani, Enrique Platas, Gustavo Plotnikow, Willy Porras, Virginia Porta, Mariana Portilla, José Portugal, Pedro Povoa, Gwenael Prat, Romina Pratto, Gabriel Preda, Isidro Prieto, Estefania Prol-Silva, Richard Pugh, Yupeng Qi, Chuanyun Qian, Tiehe Qin, Hongping Qu, Teobaldo Quintana, Rosari Quispe Sierra, Rocio Quispe Soto, Raihan Rabbani, Mohamed Rabee, Ahmed Rabie, Maria Augusta Rahe Pereira, Ashish Rai, Sundar Raj Ashok, Mostafa Rajab, Navin Ramdhani, Elizabeth Ramey, Marco Ranieri, Darshana Rathod, Banambar Ray, Shihan Mahmud Redwanul Huq, Adrian Regli, Rosa Reina, Natalia Resano Sarmiento, Faustine Reynaud, Gemma Rialp, Pilar Ricart, Todd Rice, Angus Richardson, Marcelo Rieder, Martin Rinket, Fernando Rios, Alejandro Risso Vazquez, Ivano Riva, Monaly Rivette, Oriol Roca, Ferran Roche-Campo, Covadonga Rodriguez, Gabriel Rodriguez, Daniel Rodriguez Gonzalez, Xandra Yanina Rodriguez Tucto, Angela Rogers, María Elena Romano, Linda Rørtveit, Alastair Rose, Damien Roux, Anahita Rouze, Paolo Nahuel Rubatto Birri, Wang Ruilan, Aldana Ruiz Robledo, Antonio Luis Ruiz-Aguilar, Tomohito Sadahiro, Ignacio Saez, Judith Sagardia, Rajnish Saha, Rohit Saha, Narongkorn Saiphoklang, Shigeki Saito, Maie Salem, Gabriele Sales, Patricia Salgado, Srinivas Samavedam, Mhamed Sami Mebazaa, Line Samuelsson, Nandyelly San Juan Roman, Patricia Sanchez, Jesus Sanchez-Ballesteros, Yazcitk Sandoval, Emanuele Sani, Martin Santos, Carla Santos, Masamitsu Sanui, Lakshmikanthcharan Saravanabavan, Sema Sari, Agnes Sarkany, Bertrand Sauneuf, Monica Savioli, Hilal Sazak, Riccardo Scano, Francis Schneider, Frédérique Schortgen, Marcus J Schultz, Gabriele Leonie Schwarz, Faruk Seçkin Yücesoy, Andrew Seely, Frederik Seiler, Yasemin Seker Tekdos, Kim Seok Chan, Luca Serano, Wojciech Serednicki, Mariano Setten, Asim Shah, Bhagyesh Shah, You Shang, Pradeep Shanmugasundaram, Konstantin Shapovalov, Eman Shebl, Takuya Shiga, Nobuaki Shime, Phil Shin, Jack Short, Chen Shuhua, Sughrat Siddiqui, Juan Ignacio Silesky Jimenez, Daniel Silva, Betania Silva Sales, Koen Simons, Brit Ågot Sjøbø, David Slessor, Jakub Smiechowicz, Nathan Smischney, Paul Smith, Tim Smith, Mark Smith, Sarah Snape, Lindi Snyman, Filiep Soetens, Kyung Sook Hong, Miguel Ángel Sosa Medellin, Giovanna Soto, Xavier Souloy, Elsa Sousa, Stefania Sovatzis, Didem Sozutek, Savino Spadaro, Marco Spagnoli, Martin Spångfors, Nick Spittle, Mike Spivey, Andrew Stapleton, Branislava Stefanovic, Lorraine Stephenson, Elizabeth Stevenson, Kristian Strand, Maria Teresa Strano, Slavenka Straus, Chenliang Sun, Rongqing Sun, Venkat Sundaram, Tai SunPark, Elisabeth Surlemont, Yuda Sutherasan, Zsuzsanna Szabo, Christopher Tainter, Akihiro Takaba, Mandy Tallott, Tamasato Tamasato, Zhanhong Tang, Viratch Tangsujaritvijit, Leandro Taniguchi, Daisuke Taniguchi, Fabio Tarantino, Krittika Teerapuncharoen, Susana Temprano, Pierpaolo Terragni, Nicolas Terzi, Anand Thakur, Pongdhep Theerawit, Arnaud W Thille, Matt Thomas, Poungrat Thungtitigul, Martial Thyrault, Nejla Tilouch, Karina Timenetsky, Juna Tirapu, Manuel Todeschini, Roser Tomas, Christian Tomaszewski, Tommaso Tonetti, Alexandre Tonnelier, John Trinder, Konlawij Trongtrakul, Jonathon Truwit, Betty Tsuei, Aiman Tulaimat, Sema Turan, Melda Turkoglu, Sanjeev Tyagi, Alejandro Ubeda, Federica Vagginelli, María Florencia Valenti, Imma Vallverdu, Alisha Van Axel, Ingrid van den Hul, Hans van der Hoeven, Nardo Van Der Meer, Marc Vanhoof, Mónica Vargas-Ordoñez, Rosanna Vaschetto, Ettore Vascotto, Maria Vatsik, Ana Vaz, Antonia Vazquez-Sanchez, Sara Ventura, Jan Wytze Vermeijden, Anxela Vidal, Jocyelle Vieira, Bruno Vilela Costa Pinto, Ana Villagra, Cristina Villegas Succar, Ole Georg Vinorum, Giovanni Vitale, Ramesh Vj, Ana Vochin, Guillaume Voiriot, Carlo Alberto Volta, Magnus von Seth, Maazouzi Wajdi, Don Walsh, Shouhong Wang, Gabriel Wardi, Nils Christian Ween-Velken, Bi-Lin Wei, Dolf Weller, Deborah Welsh, Ingeborg Welters, Michael Wert, Simon Whiteley, Elizabeth Wilby, Erin Williams, Karen Williams, Antoinette Wilson, Jadwiga Wojtas, Jin Won Huh, David Wrathall, Christopher Wright, Jian-Feng Wu, Guo Xi, Zheng-Jiang Xing, Hongyang Xu, Kotaro Yamamoto, Jie Yan, Julio Yáñez, Xiaobo Yang, Elliot Yates, Ozlem Yazicioglu Mocin, Zhenglong Ye, Fatma Yildirim, Norifumi Yoshida, Hector Higo Leon Yoshido, Bo Young Lee, Rongguo Yu, Gong Yu, Tao Yu, Boyun Yuan, Nadwipa Yuangtrakul, Tetsuya Yumoto, Xie Yun, Graciela Zakalik, Ahmad Zaki, Begoña Zalba-Etayo, Massimo Zambon, Bin Zang, Gianluca Zani, Jonathan Zarka, Simone Maria Zerbi, Avsar Zerman, Harald Zetterquist, Jiuzhi Zhang, Hongwen Zhang, Wei Zhang, Guoxiu Zhang, Weixin Zhang, Hongsheng Zhao, Jia Zheng, Bin Zhu, Ronald Zumaran, Tài, Pham, Leo, Heunk, Giacomo, Bellani, Fabiana, Madotto, Irene, Aragao, Gaëtan, Beduneau, Ewan C, Goligher, Giacomo, Grasselli, Jon Henrik, Laake, Jordi, Mancebo, Oscar, Peñuela, Lise, Piquilloud, Antonio, Pesenti, Hannah, Wunsch, Frank, van Haren, Laurent, Brochard, John G, Laffey, Abrough, Fekri, P Acharya, Subhash, Amin, Pravin, Arabi, Yaseen, Aragao, Irene, Bauer, Philippe, Beduneau, Gaëtan, Beitler, Jeremy, Berkius, Johan, Bugedo, Guillermo, Camporota, Luigi, Cerny, Vladimir, Cho, Young-Jae, Clarkson, Kevin, Estenssoro, Elisa, Goligher, Ewan, Grasselli, Giacomo, Gritsan, Alexey, Mohammadreza Hashemian, Seyed, Hermans, Greet, M Heunks, Leo, Jovanovic, Bojan, Kurahashi, Kiyoyasu, Henrik Laake, Jon, Matamis, Dimitrio, Moerer, Onnen, Molnar, Zsolt, Ozyilmaz, Ezgi, Panka, Bernardo, Papali, Alfred, Peñuelas, Óscar, Perbet, Sébastien, Piquilloud, Lise, Qiu, Haibo, Abdel Razek, Assem, Rittayamai, Nuttapol, Roldan, Rollin, Serpa Neto, Ary, Szuldrzynski, Konstanty, Talmor, Daniel, Tomescu, Dana, Van Haren, Frank, Villagomez, Asisclo, Ali Zeggwagh, Amine, Abe, Toshikazu, Aboshady, Abdelrhman, Acampo-de Jong, Melanie, Acharya, Subhash, Adderley, Jane, Adiguzel, Nalan, Kumar Agrawal, Vijay, Aguilar, Gerardo, Aguirre, Gaston, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernan, Ahlström, Björn, Akbas, Türkay, Akker, Mustafa, Al Sadeh, Ghamdan, Alamri, Sultan, Algaba, Angela, Ali, Muneeb, Aliberti, Anna, Manuel Allegue, Jose, Alvarez, Diana, Amador, Joaquin, H Andersen, Finn, Ansari, Sharique, Apichatbutr, Yutthana, Apostolopoulou, Olympia, Arellano, Daniel, Arica, Mestanza, Arikan, Huseyin, Arinaga, Koichi, Arnal, Jean-Michel, Asano, Kengo, Asín-Corrochano, Marta, Milagrito Avalos Cabrera, Jesu, Avila Fuentes, Silvia, Aydemir, Semih, Aygencel, Gulbin, Azevedo, Luciano, Bacakoglu, Feza, Badie, Julio, Baedorf Kassis, Elia, Bai, Gabriela, Balaraj, Govindan, Ballico, Bruno, Banner-Goodspeed, Valerie, Banwarie, Preveen, Barbieri, Rosella, Baronia, Arvind, Barrett, Jonathan, Barrot, Loïc, Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Jesu, Barry, Jeffrey, Bawangade, Harshal, Beavis, Sarah, Beck, Eduardo, Beehre, Nina, Belenguer Muncharaz, Alberto, Bellani, Giacomo, Belliato, Mirko, Bellissima, Agrippino, Beltramelli, Rodrigo, Ben Souissi, Asma, Benitez-Cano, Adela, Benlamin, Mohamed, Benslama, Abdellatif, Bento, Lui, Benvenuti, Daniela, Bernabe, Laura, Bersten, Andrew, Berta, Giacomo, Bertini, Pietro, Bertram-Ralph, Elliot, Besbes, Mohamed, Roberto Bettini, Lisandro, Beuret, Pascal, Bewley, Jeremy, Bezzi, Marco, Bhakhtiani, Lakshay, Bhandary, Rakesh, Bhowmick, Kaushik, Bihari, Shailesh, Bissett, Bernie, Blythe, David, Bocher, Simon, Boedjawan, Narain, M Bojanowski, Christine, Boni, Elisa, Boraso, Sabrina, Borelli, Massimo, Borello, Silvina, Borislavova, Margarita, J Bosma, Karen, Bottiroli, Maurizio, Boyd, Owen, Bozbay, Suha, Briva, Arturo, Brochard, Laurent, Bruel, Cédric, Bruni, Andrea, Buehner, Ulrike, Bulpa, Pierre, Burt, Karen, Buscot, Mathieu, Buttera, Stefania, Cabrera, Jorge, Caccese, Roberta, Caironi, Pietro, Canchos Gutierrez, Ivan, Canedo, Nancy, Cani, Alma, Cappellini, Iacopo, Carazo, Jesu, Pablo Cardonnet, Lui, Carpio, David, Carriedo, Demetrio, Carrillo, Ramón, Carvalho, João, Caser, Eliana, Castelli, Antonio, Castillo Quintero, Manuel, Castro, Heloisa, Catorze, Nuno, Cengiz, Melike, Cereijo, Enrique, Ceunen, Helga, Chaintoutis, Christo, Chang, Youjin, Chaparro, Gustavogcha, Chapman, Carmel, Chau, Simon, Eugenia Chavez, Cecilia, Chelazzi, Cosimo, Chelly, Jonathan, Chemouni, Frank, Chen, Kai, Chena, Ariel, Chiarandini, Paolo, Chilton, Phil, Chiumello, Davide, Chou-Lie, Yvette, Chudeau, Nicola, Cinel, Ismail, Cinnella, Gilda, Clark, Michele, Clark, Thoma, Clementi, Stefano, Coaguila, Lui, Jaspe Codecido, Alexi, Collins, Amy, Colombo, Riccardo, Conde, Juan, Consales, Guglielmo, Cook, Tim, Coppadoro, Andrea, Cornejo, Rodrigo, Cortegiani, Andrea, Coxo, Cristina, Neville Cracchiolo, Andrea, Crespo Ramirez, Mónica, Crova, Philippe, Cruz, José, Cubattoli, Lucia, Çukurova, Zafer, Curto, Francesco, Czempik, Piotr, D'Andrea, Rocco, da Silva Ramos, Fernando, Dangers, Laurence, Danguy des Déserts, Marc, Danin, Pierre-Eric, Dantas, Fabianne, Daubin, Cédric, Dawei, Wu, de Haro, Candelaria, de Jesus Montelongo, Felipe, De Mendoza, Diego, de Pablo, Raúl, De Pascale, Gennaro, De Rosa, Silvia, Decavèle, Maxen, Declercq, Pierre-Loui, Deicas, Alberto, Del Carmen Campos Moreno, María, Dellamonica, Jean, Delmas, Benjamin, Demirkiran, Oktay, Demirkiran, Hilmi, Dendane, Tarek, di Mussi, Rossella, Diakaki, Chrysi, Diaz, Anatilde, Diaz, Willy, Dikmen, Yalim, Dimoula, Aikaterini, Doble, Patricia, Doha, Nagwa, Domingos, Guilherme, Dres, Martin, Dries, David, Duggal, Abhijit, Duke, Graeme, Dunts, Pavel, Dybwik, Knut, Dykyy, Maksym, Eckert, Philippe, Efe, Serdar, Elatrous, Souheil, Elay, Gülseren, S Elmaryul, Abubaker, Elsaadany, Mohamed, Elsayed, Hany, Elsayed, Samar, Emery, Malo, Ena, Sébastien, Eng, Kevin, A Englert, Joshua, Erdogan, Elif, Ergin Ozcan, Perihan, Eroglu, Ege, Escobar, Miguel, Esen, Figen, Esen Tekeli, Arzu, Esquivel, Alejandro, Esquivel Gallegos, Helbert, Ezzouine, Hanane, Facchini, Alberto, Faheem, Mohammad, Fanelli, Vito, Fernanda Farina, Maria, Fartoukh, Muriel, Fehrle, Lutz, Feng, Feng, Feng, Yufeng, Fernandez, Irene, Fernandez, Borja, Lorena Fernandez-Rodriguez, Maria, Ferrando, Carlo, João Ferreira da Silva, Maria, Ferreruela, Mireia, Ferrier, Janet, Jesús Flamm Zamorano, Matia, Flood, Laura, Floris, Leda, Fluckiger, Martin, Forteza, Catalina, Fortunato, Antonella, Frans, Eric, Frattari, Antonella, Fredes, Sebastian, Frenzel, Tim, Fumagalli, Roberto, Andres Furche, Mariano, Fusari, Maurizio, Fysh, Edward, Luis Galeas-Lopez, Juan, Galerneau, Louis-Marie, Garcia, Analía, Fernanda Garcia, María, Garcia, Elisabet, Garcia Olivares, Pablo, Garlicki, Jaroslaw, Garnero, Aude, Garofalo, Eugenio, Gautam, Prabha, Gazenkampf, Andrey, Gelinotte, Stéphanie, Gelormini, Domenico, Ghrenassia, Etienne, Giacomucci, Angelo, Giannoni, Robert, Gigante, Andrea, Glober, Nancy, Gnesin, Paolo, Gollo, Yari, Gomaa, Dina, Gomero Paredes, Rosita, Gomes, Rui, Alejandro Gomez, Raúl, Gomez, Oscar, Gomez, Aroa, Gondim, Louise, Gonzalez, Manuel, Gonzalez, Isabel, Gonzalez-Castro, Alejandro, Gordillo Romero, Orlando, Gordo, Federico, Gouin, Philippe, Graf Santos, Jerónimo, Grainne, Rooney, Grando, Matilde, Granov Grabovica, Sanja, Grasso, Salvatore, Grasso, Rinaldo, Grimmer, Lisa, Grissom, Colin, Gu, Qing, Guan, Xiang-Dong, Guarracino, Fabio, Guasch, Neu, Guatteri, Luca, Gueret, Renaud, Guérin, Claude, Guerot, Emmanuel, Guitard, Pierre-Gilda, Gül, Fethi, Gumus, Ayca, Gurjar, Mohan, Gutierrez, Patricia, Hachimi, Abdelhamid, Hadzibegovic, Adi, Hagan, Samantha, Hammel, Clare, Han Song, Joo, Hanlon, Gabrielle, Heines, Serge, Henriksson, Johanna, Herbrecht, Jean-Etienne, Omar Heredia Orbegoso, Gabriel, Hermon, Andrew, Hernandez, Rosana, Hernandez, Carmen, Herrera, Lui, Herrera-Gutierrez, Manuel, Heunks, Leo, Hidalgo, Juan, Hill, Dianne, Holmquist, Dagmar, Homez, Marcela, Hongtao, Xia, Hormis, Anil, Horner, Daniel, Carmen Hornos, M, Hou, Meihong, House, Stacy, Housni, Brahim, Hugill, Keith, Humphreys, Sally, Humbert, Loui, Hunter, Stephanie, Hwa Young, Lee, Iezzi, Nicola, Ilutovich, Santiago, Inal, Volkan, Innes, Richard, Ioannides, Panagioti, Antonio Iotti, Giorgio, Ippolito, Mariachiara, Irie, Hiromasa, Iriyama, Hiroki, Itagaki, Taiga, Izura, Javier, Izza, Santiago, Jabeen, Rakhshanda, Jamaati, Hamidreza, Jamadarkhana, Sunil, Jamoussi, Amira, Jankowski, Milosz, Alberto Jaramillo, Lui, Jeon, Kyeongman, Jeong Lee, Seok, Jeswani, Deepak, Jha, Simant, Jiang, Liangyan, Jing, Chen, Jochmans, Sébastien, Anders Johnstad, Bror, Jongmin, Lee, Joret, Aurélie, Junhasavasdikul, Detajin, Teresa Jurado, Maria, Kam, Elisa, Kamohara, Hidenobu, Kane, Caroline, Kara, Iskender, Karakurt, Sait, Karnjanarachata, Cherdkiat, Kataoka, Jun, Katayama, Shinshu, Kaushik, Shuchi, Kelebek Girgin, Nermin, Kerr, Kathryn, Kerslake, Ian, Khairnar, Prakash, Khalid, Abidi, Khan, Akram, K Khanna, Ashish, Khorasanee, Reza, Kienhorst, Dieneke, Kirakli, Cenk, Knafelj, Rihard, Kol Kol, Mark, Kongpolprom, Napplika, Kopitko, Csaba, Korkmaz Ekren, Pervin, Kubisz-Pudelko, Agnieszka, Kulcsar, Zoltan, Kumasawa, Junji, Kuriyama, Akira, Kutchak, Fernanda, Labarca, Eduardo, Labat, Françoise, Laborda, César, Alberto Laca Barrera, Manuel, Lagache, Laurie, Landaverde Lopez, Antonio, Lanspa, Michael, Lascari, Valeria, Le Meur, Matthieu, Hwan Lee, Su, Ju Lee, Young, Lee, Jinwoo, Lee, Won-Yeon, Lee, Jarone, Legernaes, Terje, Leiner, Tamaa, Lemiale, Virginie, Leonor, Tiago, M Lepper, Philipp, Li, Dahuan, Li, Hongbin, Li, Oleg, Raquel Lima, Ana, Lind, Dan, Litton, Edward, Liu, Ning, Liu, Ling, Liu, Jialin, Llitjos, Jean-Françoi, Llorente, Beatriz, Lopez, Rodolfo, Elizabeth Lopez, Claudia, Lopez Nava, Claudia, Lovazzano, Pablo, Lu, Min, Lucchese, Francesca, Lugano, Manuela, Lugo Goytia, Gustavo, Luo, Hua, Lynch, Ceri, Macheda, Sebastiano, Hugo Madrigal Robles, Victor, Maurizio Maggiore, Salvatore, Magret Iglesias, Mònica, Malaga, Peter, Mallapura Maheswarappa, Harish, Malpartida, Guillermo, Malyarchikov, Andrey, Mansson, Helena, Manzano, Anaid, Marey, Ismael, Marin, Nathalie, Del Carmen Marin, Maria, Markman, Eliana, Martin, Felix, Martin, Alex, Martin Dal Gesso, Cristina, Martinez, Felipe, Martínez-Fidalgo, Conchita, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Mas, Arantxa, Masaaki, Sakuraya, Maseda, Emilio, Massa, Eleni, Mattsson, Anna, Maugeri, Jessica, Mccredie, Victoria, Mccullough, Jame, Mcguinness, Shay, Mckown, Andrew, Medve, László, Mei, Chengqing, Mellado Artigas, Ricard, Mendes, Vitor, Khalaf Ebraheim Mervat, Mohamed, Michaux, Isabelle, Mikhaeil, Michael, Milagros, Olga, Milet, Igor, Teresa Millan, Maria, Minwei, Zhang, Mirabella, Lucia, Mishra, Sanghamitra, Mistraletti, Giovanni, Mochizuki, Katsunori, Moghal, Arif, Mojoli, Francesco, Molin, Alexandre, Montiel, Raquel, Montini, Luca, Monza, Gianmario, Mora Aznar, Maria, Morakul, Sunthiti, Morales, Maria, Moreno Torres, Daniel, Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Diego, Motherway, Catherine, Mouhssine, Doumiri, Mouloudi, Eleni, Muñoz, Tapia, Munoz de Cabo, Carlo, Mustafa, Mohamed, Muthuchellappan, Radhakrishnan, Muthukrishnan, Muraleekrishnan, Muttini, Stefano, Nagata, Isao, Nahar, Dick, Nakanishi, Misuzu, Nakayama, Izumi, Antonio Namendys-Silva, Silvio, Nanchal, Rahul, Nandakumar, Sivakumar, Nasi, Alessandra, Nasir, Kamal, Navalesi, Paolo, Naz Aslam, Tayyba, Nga Phan, Thuy, Nichol, Alistair, Niiyama, Shuhei, Nikolakopoulou, Sofia, Nikolic, Elena, Nitta, Kenichi, Noc, Marko, Nonas, Stephanie, Nseir, Saad, Nur Soyturk, Ayse, Obata, Yukako, Oeckler, Richard, Oguchi, Moe, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Oikonomou, Marina, Ojados, Agueda, Teresa Oliveira, Maria, Oliveira Filho, Wilson, Oliveri, Carlo, Olmos, Aitor, Omura, Kazuya, Cristina Orlandi, Maria, Orsenigo, Francesca, Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa, Laura, Ota, Kei, Ovalle Olmos, Rainier, Öveges, Nándo, Oziemski, Peter, Ozkan Kuscu, Ozlem, Özyilmaz, Ezgi, Pachas Alvarado, Fernando, Pagella, Gonzalo, Palaniswamy, Vijayanand, Luis Palazon Sanchez, Eugenio, Palmese, Salvatore, Pan, Guojun, Pan, Wensen, Papanikolaou, Metaxia, Papavasilopoulou, Theonymfi, Parekh, Ameet, Parke, Rachael, J Parrilla, Francisco, Parrilla, Dácil, Pasha, Taha, Pasin, Laura, Patão, Lui, Patel, Mayur, Patel, Grisma, Kumar Pati, Basanta, Patil, Jayaprakash, Pattnaik, Saroj, Paul, Daniel, Pavesi, Maurizio, Alejandra Pavlotsky, Vanesa, Paz, Graciela, Paz, Enrique, Pecci, Elisabetta, Pellegrini, Carlo, Gabriela Peña Padilla, Andrea, Perchiazzi, Gaetano, Pereira, Tiago, Pereira, Vera, Perez, Manuel, Perez Calvo, Cesar, Perez Cheng, Meisy, Perez Maita, Ronald, Pérez-Araos, Rodrigo, Perez-Teran, Purificación, Perez-Torres, David, Perkins, Gavin, Persona, Paolo, Petnak, Tananchai, Petrova, Marina, Pham, Tai, Philippart, Françoi, Picetti, Edoardo, Pierucci, Elisabetta, Piervincenzi, Edoardo, Pinciroli, Riccardo, Pintado, Maria-Consuelo, Piraino, Thoma, Piras, Stephanie, Piras, Claudio, Pirompanich, Pattarin, Pisani, Luigi, Platas, Enrique, Plotnikow, Gustavo, Porras, Willy, Porta, Virginia, Portilla, Mariana, Portugal, José, Povoa, Pedro, Prat, Gwenael, Pratto, Romina, Preda, Gabriel, Prieto, Isidro, Prol-Silva, Estefania, Pugh, Richard, Qi, Yupeng, Qian, Chuanyun, Qin, Tiehe, Qu, Hongping, Quintana, Teobaldo, Quispe Sierra, Rosari, Quispe Soto, Rocio, Rabbani, Raihan, Rabee, Mohamed, Rabie, Ahmed, Augusta Rahe Pereira, Maria, Rai, Ashish, Raj Ashok, Sundar, Rajab, Mostafa, Ramdhani, Navin, Ramey, Elizabeth, Ranieri, Marco, Rathod, Darshana, Ray, Banambar, Mahmud Redwanul Huq, Shihan, Regli, Adrian, Reina, Rosa, Resano Sarmiento, Natalia, Reynaud, Faustine, Rialp, Gemma, Ricart, Pilar, Rice, Todd, Richardson, Angu, Rieder, Marcelo, Rinket, Martin, Rios, Fernando, Risso Vazquez, Alejandro, Riva, Ivano, Rivette, Monaly, Roca, Oriol, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Rodriguez, Covadonga, Rodriguez, Gabriel, Rodriguez Gonzalez, Daniel, Yanina Rodriguez Tucto, Xandra, Rogers, Angela, Elena Romano, María, Rørtveit, Linda, Rose, Alastair, Roux, Damien, Rouze, Anahita, Nahuel Rubatto Birri, Paolo, Ruilan, Wang, Ruiz Robledo, Aldana, Luis Ruiz-Aguilar, Antonio, Sadahiro, Tomohito, Saez, Ignacio, Sagardia, Judith, Saha, Rajnish, Saha, Rohit, Saiphoklang, Narongkorn, Saito, Shigeki, Salem, Maie, Sales, Gabriele, Salgado, Patricia, Samavedam, Sriniva, Sami Mebazaa, Mhamed, Samuelsson, Line, San Juan Roman, Nandyelly, Sanchez, Patricia, Sanchez-Ballesteros, Jesu, Sandoval, Yazcitk, Sani, Emanuele, Santos, Martin, Santos, Carla, Sanui, Masamitsu, Saravanabavan, Lakshmikanthcharan, Sari, Sema, Sarkany, Agne, Sauneuf, Bertrand, Savioli, Monica, Sazak, Hilal, Scano, Riccardo, Schneider, Franci, Schortgen, Frédérique, J Schultz, Marcu, Leonie Schwarz, Gabriele, Seçkin Yücesoy, Faruk, Seely, Andrew, Seiler, Frederik, Seker Tekdos, Yasemin, Seok Chan, Kim, Serano, Luca, Serednicki, Wojciech, Setten, Mariano, Shah, Asim, Shah, Bhagyesh, Shang, You, Shanmugasundaram, Pradeep, Shapovalov, Konstantin, Shebl, Eman, Shiga, Takuya, Shime, Nobuaki, Shin, Phil, Short, Jack, Shuhua, Chen, Siddiqui, Sughrat, Ignacio Silesky Jimenez, Juan, Silva, Daniel, Silva Sales, Betania, Simons, Koen, Ågot Sjøbø, Brit, Slessor, David, Smiechowicz, Jakub, Smischney, Nathan, Smith, Paul, Smith, Tim, Smith, Mark, Snape, Sarah, Snyman, Lindi, Soetens, Filiep, Sook Hong, Kyung, Ángel Sosa Medellin, Miguel, Soto, Giovanna, Souloy, Xavier, Sousa, Elsa, Sovatzis, Stefania, Sozutek, Didem, Spadaro, Savino, Spagnoli, Marco, Spångfors, Martin, Spittle, Nick, Spivey, Mike, Stapleton, Andrew, Stefanovic, Branislava, Stephenson, Lorraine, Stevenson, Elizabeth, Strand, Kristian, Teresa Strano, Maria, Straus, Slavenka, Sun, Chenliang, Sun, Rongqing, Sundaram, Venkat, Sunpark, Tai, Surlemont, Elisabeth, Sutherasan, Yuda, Szabo, Zsuzsanna, Tainter, Christopher, Takaba, Akihiro, Tallott, Mandy, Tamasato, Tamasato, Tang, Zhanhong, Tangsujaritvijit, Viratch, Taniguchi, Leandro, Taniguchi, Daisuke, Tarantino, Fabio, Teerapuncharoen, Krittika, Temprano, Susana, Terragni, Pierpaolo, Terzi, Nicola, Thakur, Anand, Theerawit, Pongdhep, W Thille, Arnaud, Thomas, Matt, Thungtitigul, Poungrat, Thyrault, Martial, Tilouch, Nejla, Timenetsky, Karina, Tirapu, Juna, Todeschini, Manuel, Tomas, Roser, Tomaszewski, Christian, Tonetti, Tommaso, Tonnelier, Alexandre, Trinder, John, Trongtrakul, Konlawij, Truwit, Jonathon, Tsuei, Betty, Tulaimat, Aiman, Turan, Sema, Turkoglu, Melda, Tyagi, Sanjeev, Ubeda, Alejandro, Vagginelli, Federica, Florencia Valenti, María, Vallverdu, Imma, Van Axel, Alisha, van den Hul, Ingrid, van der Hoeven, Han, Van Der Meer, Nardo, Vanhoof, Marc, Vargas-Ordoñez, Mónica, Vaschetto, Rosanna, Vascotto, Ettore, Vatsik, Maria, Vaz, Ana, Vazquez-Sanchez, Antonia, Ventura, Sara, Wytze Vermeijden, Jan, Vidal, Anxela, Vieira, Jocyelle, Vilela Costa Pinto, Bruno, Villagra, Ana, Villegas Succar, Cristina, Georg Vinorum, Ole, Vitale, Giovanni, Vj, Ramesh, Vochin, Ana, Voiriot, Guillaume, Alberto Volta, Carlo, von Seth, Magnu, Wajdi, Maazouzi, Walsh, Don, Wang, Shouhong, Wardi, Gabriel, Christian Ween-Velken, Nil, Wei, Bi-Lin, Weller, Dolf, Welsh, Deborah, Welters, Ingeborg, Wert, Michael, Whiteley, Simon, Wilby, Elizabeth, Williams, Erin, Williams, Karen, Wilson, Antoinette, Wojtas, Jadwiga, Won Huh, Jin, Wrathall, David, Wright, Christopher, Wu, Jian-Feng, Xi, Guo, Xing, Zheng-Jiang, Xu, Hongyang, Yamamoto, Kotaro, Yan, Jie, Yáñez, Julio, Yang, Xiaobo, Yates, Elliot, Yazicioglu Mocin, Ozlem, Ye, Zhenglong, Yildirim, Fatma, Yoshida, Norifumi, Higo Leon Yoshido, Hector, Young Lee, Bo, Yu, Rongguo, Yu, Gong, Yu, Tao, Yuan, Boyun, Yuangtrakul, Nadwipa, Yumoto, Tetsuya, Yun, Xie, Zakalik, Graciela, Zaki, Ahmad, Zalba-Etayo, Begoña, Zambon, Massimo, Zang, Bin, Zani, Gianluca, Zarka, Jonathan, Maria Zerbi, Simone, Zerman, Avsar, Zetterquist, Harald, Zhang, Jiuzhi, Zhang, Hongwen, Zhang, Wei, Zhang, Guoxiu, Zhang, Weixin, Zhao, Hongsheng, Zheng, Jia, Zhu, Bin, Zumaran, Ronald, Pham, Tài, Madotto, Fabiana, Goligher, Ewan C, Laake, Jon Henrik, Mancebo, Jordi, Peñuelas, Oscar, Pesenti, Antonio, Wunsch, Hannah, van Haren, Frank, Laffey, John G, Fekri Abrough, Subhash P Acharya, Pravin Amin, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Philippe Bauer, Gaëtan Beduneau, Jeremy Beitler, Johan Berkius, Guillermo Bugedo, Luigi Camporota, Vladimir Cerny, Young-Jae Cho, Kevin Clarkson, Elisa Estenssoro, Ewan Goligher, Giacomo Grasselli, Alexey Gritsan, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Greet Hermans, Leo M Heunks, Bojan Jovanovic, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Jon Henrik Laake, Dimitrios Matamis, Onnen Moerer, Zsolt Molnar, Ezgi Ozyilmaz, Bernardo Panka, Alfred Papali, Óscar Peñuelas, Sébastien Perbet, Lise Piquilloud, Haibo Qiu, Assem Abdel Razek, Nuttapol Rittayamai, Rollin Roldan, Ary Serpa Neto, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Daniel Talmor, Dana Tomescu, Frank Van Haren, Asisclo Villagomez, Amine Ali Zeggwagh, Toshikazu Abe, Abdelrhman Aboshady, Melanie Acampo-de Jong, Subhash Acharya, Jane Adderley, Nalan Adiguzel, Vijay Kumar Agrawal, Gerardo Aguilar, Gaston Aguirre, Hernan Aguirre-Bermeo, Björn Ahlström, Türkay Akbas, Mustafa Akker, Ghamdan Al Sadeh, Sultan Alamri, Angela Algaba, Muneeb Ali, Anna Aliberti, Jose Manuel Allegue, Diana Alvarez, Joaquin Amador, Finn H Andersen, Sharique Ansari, Yutthana Apichatbutr, Olympia Apostolopoulou, Daniel Arellano, Mestanza Arica, Huseyin Arikan, Koichi Arinaga, Jean-Michel Arnal, Kengo Asano, Marta Asín-Corrochano, Jesus Milagrito Avalos Cabrera, Silvia Avila Fuentes, Semih Aydemir, Gulbin Aygencel, Luciano Azevedo, Feza Bacakoglu, Julio Badie, Elias Baedorf Kassis, Gabriela Bai, Govindan Balaraj, Bruno Ballico, Valerie Banner-Goodspeed, Preveen Banwarie, Rosella Barbieri, Arvind Baronia, Jonathan Barrett, Loïc Barrot, Jesus Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Jeffrey Barry, Harshal Bawangade, Sarah Beavis, Eduardo Beck, Nina Beehre, Alberto Belenguer Muncharaz, Giacomo Bellani, Mirko Belliato, Agrippino Bellissima, Rodrigo Beltramelli, Asma Ben Souissi, Adela Benitez-Cano, Mohamed Benlamin, Abdellatif Benslama, Luis Bento, Daniela Benvenuti, Laura Bernabe, Andrew Bersten, Giacomo Berta, Pietro Bertini, Elliot Bertram-Ralph, Mohamed Besbes, Lisandro Roberto Bettini, Pascal Beuret, Jeremy Bewley, Marco Bezzi, Lakshay Bhakhtiani, Rakesh Bhandary, Kaushik Bhowmick, Shailesh Bihari, Bernie Bissett, David Blythe, Simon Bocher, Narain Boedjawan, Christine M Bojanowski, Elisa Boni, Sabrina Boraso, Massimo Borelli, Silvina Borello, Margarita Borislavova, Karen J Bosma, Maurizio Bottiroli, Owen Boyd, Suha Bozbay, Arturo Briva, Laurent Brochard, Cédric Bruel, Andrea Bruni, Ulrike Buehner, Pierre Bulpa, Karen Burt, Mathieu Buscot, Stefania Buttera, Jorge Cabrera, Roberta Caccese, Pietro Caironi, Ivan Canchos Gutierrez, Nancy Canedo, Alma Cani, Iacopo Cappellini, Jesus Carazo, Luis Pablo Cardonnet, David Carpio, Demetrio Carriedo, Ramón Carrillo, João Carvalho, Eliana Caser, Antonio Castelli, Manuel Castillo Quintero, Heloisa Castro, Nuno Catorze, Melike Cengiz, Enrique Cereijo, Helga Ceunen, Christos Chaintoutis, Youjin Chang, Gustavogcha Chaparro, Carmel Chapman, Simon Chau, Cecilia Eugenia Chavez, Cosimo Chelazzi, Jonathan Chelly, Frank Chemouni, Kai Chen, Ariel Chena, Paolo Chiarandini, Phil Chilton, Davide Chiumello, Yvette Chou-Lie, Nicolas Chudeau, Ismail Cinel, Gilda Cinnella, Michele Clark, Thomas Clark, Stefano Clementi, Luis Coaguila, Alexis Jaspe Codecido, Amy Collins, Riccardo Colombo, Juan Conde, Guglielmo Consales, Tim Cook, Andrea Coppadoro, Rodrigo Cornejo, Andrea Cortegiani, Cristina Coxo, Andrea Neville Cracchiolo, Mónica Crespo Ramirez, Philippe Crova, José Cruz, Lucia Cubattoli, Zafer Çukurova, Francesco Curto, Piotr Czempik, Rocco D'Andrea, Fernando da Silva Ramos, Laurence Dangers, Marc Danguy des Déserts, Pierre-Eric Danin, Fabianne Dantas, Cédric Daubin, Wu Dawei, Candelaria de Haro, Felipe de Jesus Montelongo, Diego De Mendoza, Raúl de Pablo, Gennaro De Pascale, Silvia De Rosa, Maxens Decavèle, Pierre-Louis Declercq, Alberto Deicas, María Del Carmen Campos Moreno, Jean Dellamonica, Benjamin Delmas, Oktay Demirkiran, Hilmi Demirkiran, Tarek Dendane, Rossella di Mussi, Chrysi Diakaki, Anatilde Diaz, Willy Diaz, Yalim Dikmen, Aikaterini Dimoula, Patricia Doble, Nagwa Doha, Guilherme Domingos, Martin Dres, David Dries, Abhijit Duggal, Graeme Duke, Pavel Dunts, Knut Dybwik, Maksym Dykyy, Philippe Eckert, Serdar Efe, Souheil Elatrous, Gülseren Elay, Abubaker S Elmaryul, Mohamed Elsaadany, Hany Elsayed, Samar Elsayed, Malo Emery, Sébastien Ena, Kevin Eng, Joshua A Englert, Elif Erdogan, Perihan Ergin Ozcan, Ege Eroglu, Miguel Escobar, Figen Esen, Arzu Esen Tekeli, Alejandro Esquivel, Helbert Esquivel Gallegos, Hanane Ezzouine, Alberto Facchini, Mohammad Faheem, Vito Fanelli, Maria Fernanda Farina, Muriel Fartoukh, Lutz Fehrle, Feng Feng, Yufeng Feng, Irene Fernandez, Borja Fernandez, Maria Lorena Fernandez-Rodriguez, Carlos Ferrando, Maria João Ferreira da Silva, Mireia Ferreruela, Janet Ferrier, Matias Jesús Flamm Zamorano, Laura Flood, Leda Floris, Martin Fluckiger, Catalina Forteza, Antonella Fortunato, Eric Frans, Antonella Frattari, Sebastian Fredes, Tim Frenzel, Roberto Fumagalli, Mariano Andres Furche, Maurizio Fusari, Edward Fysh, Juan Luis Galeas-Lopez, Louis-Marie Galerneau, Analía Garcia, María Fernanda Garcia, Elisabet Garcia, Pablo Garcia Olivares, Jaroslaw Garlicki, Aude Garnero, Eugenio Garofalo, Prabha Gautam, Andrey Gazenkampf, Stéphanie Gelinotte, Domenico Gelormini, Etienne Ghrenassia, Angelo Giacomucci, Robert Giannoni, Andrea Gigante, Nancy Glober, Paolo Gnesin, Yari Gollo, Dina Gomaa, Rosita Gomero Paredes, Rui Gomes, Raúl Alejandro Gomez, Oscar Gomez, Aroa Gomez, Louise Gondim, Manuel Gonzalez, Isabel Gonzalez, Alejandro Gonzalez-Castro, Orlando Gordillo Romero, Federico Gordo, Philippe Gouin, Jerónimo Graf Santos, Rooney Grainne, Matilde Grando, Sanja Granov Grabovica, Salvatore Grasso, Rinaldo Grasso, Lisa Grimmer, Colin Grissom, Qing Gu, Xiang-Dong Guan, Fabio Guarracino, Neus Guasch, Luca Guatteri, Renaud Gueret, Claude Guérin, Emmanuel Guerot, Pierre-Gildas Guitard, Fethi Gül, Ayca Gumus, Mohan Gurjar, Patricia Gutierrez, Abdelhamid Hachimi, Adi Hadzibegovic, Samantha Hagan, Clare Hammel, Joo Han Song, Gabrielle Hanlon, Serge Heines, Johanna Henriksson, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Gabriel Omar Heredia Orbegoso, Andrew Hermon, Rosana Hernandez, Carmen Hernandez, Luis Herrera, Manuel Herrera-Gutierrez, Leo Heunks, Juan Hidalgo, Dianne Hill, Dagmar Holmquist, Marcela Homez, Xia Hongtao, Anil Hormis, Daniel Horner, M Carmen Hornos, Meihong Hou, Stacy House, Brahim Housni, Keith Hugill, Sally Humphreys, Louis Humbert, Stephanie Hunter, Lee Hwa Young, Nicolas Iezzi, Santiago Ilutovich, Volkan Inal, Richard Innes, Panagiotis Ioannides, Giorgio Antonio Iotti, Mariachiara Ippolito, Hiromasa Irie, Hiroki Iriyama, Taiga Itagaki, Javier Izura, Santiago Izza, Rakhshanda Jabeen, Hamidreza Jamaati, Sunil Jamadarkhana, Amira Jamoussi, Milosz Jankowski, Luis Alberto Jaramillo, Kyeongman Jeon, Seok Jeong Lee, Deepak Jeswani, Simant Jha, Liangyan Jiang, Chen Jing, Sébastien Jochmans, Bror Anders Johnstad, Lee Jongmin, Aurélie Joret, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Maria Teresa Jurado, Elisa Kam, Hidenobu Kamohara, Caroline Kane, Iskender Kara, Sait Karakurt, Cherdkiat Karnjanarachata, Jun Kataoka, Shinshu Katayama, Shuchi Kaushik, Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Kathryn Kerr, Ian Kerslake, Prakash Khairnar, Abidi Khalid, Akram Khan, Ashish K Khanna, Reza Khorasanee, Dieneke Kienhorst, Cenk Kirakli, Rihard Knafelj, Mark Kol Kol, Napplika Kongpolprom, Csaba Kopitko, Pervin Korkmaz Ekren, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Zoltan Kulcsar, Junji Kumasawa, Akira Kuriyama, Fernanda Kutchak, Eduardo Labarca, Françoise Labat, César Laborda, Manuel Alberto Laca Barrera, Laurie Lagache, Antonio Landaverde Lopez, Michael Lanspa, Valeria Lascari, Matthieu Le Meur, Su Hwan Lee, Young Ju Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Won-Yeon Lee, Jarone Lee, Terje Legernaes, Tamaas Leiner, Virginie Lemiale, Tiago Leonor, Philipp M Lepper, Dahuan Li, Hongbin Li, Oleg Li, Ana Raquel Lima, Dan Lind, Edward Litton, Ning Liu, Ling Liu, Jialin Liu, Jean-François Llitjos, Beatriz Llorente, Rodolfo Lopez, Claudia Elizabeth Lopez, Claudia Lopez Nava, Pablo Lovazzano, Min Lu, Francesca Lucchese, Manuela Lugano, Gustavo Lugo Goytia, Hua Luo, Ceri Lynch, Sebastiano Macheda, Victor Hugo Madrigal Robles, Salvatore Maurizio Maggiore, Mònica Magret Iglesias, Peter Malaga, Harish Mallapura Maheswarappa, Guillermo Malpartida, Andrey Malyarchikov, Helena Mansson, Anaid Manzano, Ismael Marey, Nathalie Marin, Maria Del Carmen Marin, Eliana Markman, Felix Martin, Alex Martin, Cristina Martin Dal Gesso, Felipe Martinez, Conchita Martínez-Fidalgo, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Arantxa Mas, Sakuraya Masaaki, Emilio Maseda, Eleni Massa, Anna Mattsson, Jessica Maugeri, Victoria McCredie, James McCullough, Shay McGuinness, Andrew McKown, László Medve, Chengqing Mei, Ricard Mellado Artigas, Vitor Mendes, Mohamed Khalaf Ebraheim Mervat, Isabelle Michaux, Michael Mikhaeil, Olga Milagros, Igor Milet, Maria Teresa Millan, Zhang Minwei, Lucia Mirabella, Sanghamitra Mishra, Giovanni Mistraletti, Katsunori Mochizuki, Arif Moghal, Francesco Mojoli, Alexandre Molin, Raquel Montiel, Luca Montini (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134), Gianmario Monza, Maria Mora Aznar, Sunthiti Morakul, Maria Morales, Daniel Moreno Torres, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Catherine Motherway, Doumiri Mouhssine, Eleni Mouloudi, Tapia Muñoz, Carlos Munoz de Cabo, Mohamed Mustafa, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Muraleekrishnan Muthukrishnan, Stefano Muttini, Isao Nagata, Dick Nahar, Misuzu Nakanishi, Izumi Nakayama, Silvio Antonio Namendys-Silva, Rahul Nanchal, Sivakumar Nandakumar, Alessandra Nasi, Kamal Nasir, Paolo Navalesi, Tayyba Naz Aslam, Thuy Nga Phan, Alistair Nichol, Shuhei Niiyama, Sofia Nikolakopoulou, Elena Nikolic, Kenichi Nitta, Marko Noc, Stephanie Nonas, Saad Nseir, Ayse Nur Soyturk, Yukako Obata, Richard Oeckler, Moe Oguchi, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Marina Oikonomou, Agueda Ojados, Maria Teresa Oliveira, Wilson Oliveira Filho, Carlo Oliveri, Aitor Olmos, Kazuya Omura, Maria Cristina Orlandi, Francesca Orsenigo, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa, Kei Ota, Rainier Ovalle Olmos, Nándo Öveges, Peter Oziemski, Ozlem Ozkan Kuscu, Ezgi Özyilmaz, Fernando Pachas Alvarado, Gonzalo Pagella, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Eugenio Luis Palazon Sanchez, Salvatore Palmese, Guojun Pan, Wensen Pan, Metaxia Papanikolaou, Theonymfi Papavasilopoulou, Ameet Parekh, Rachael Parke, Francisco J Parrilla, Dácil Parrilla, Taha Pasha, Laura Pasin, Luis Patão, Mayur Patel, Grisma Patel, Basanta Kumar Pati, Jayaprakash Patil, Saroj Pattnaik, Daniel Paul, Maurizio Pavesi, Vanesa Alejandra Pavlotsky, Graciela Paz, Enrique Paz, Elisabetta Pecci, Carlos Pellegrini, Andrea Gabriela Peña Padilla, Gaetano Perchiazzi, Tiago Pereira, Vera Pereira, Manuel Perez, Cesar Perez Calvo, Meisy Perez Cheng, Ronald Perez Maita, Rodrigo Pérez-Araos, Purificación Perez-Teran, David Perez-Torres, Gavin Perkins, Paolo Persona, Tananchai Petnak, Marina Petrova, Tai Pham, François Philippart, Edoardo Picetti, Elisabetta Pierucci, Edoardo Piervincenzi, Riccardo Pinciroli, Maria-Consuelo Pintado, Thomas Piraino, Stephanie Piras, Claudio Piras, Pattarin Pirompanich, Luigi Pisani, Enrique Platas, Gustavo Plotnikow, Willy Porras, Virginia Porta, Mariana Portilla, José Portugal, Pedro Povoa, Gwenael Prat, Romina Pratto, Gabriel Preda, Isidro Prieto, Estefania Prol-Silva, Richard Pugh, Yupeng Qi, Chuanyun Qian, Tiehe Qin, Hongping Qu, Teobaldo Quintana, Rosari Quispe Sierra, Rocio Quispe Soto, Raihan Rabbani, Mohamed Rabee, Ahmed Rabie, Maria Augusta Rahe Pereira, Ashish Rai, Sundar Raj Ashok, Mostafa Rajab, Navin Ramdhani, Elizabeth Ramey, Marco Ranieri, Darshana Rathod, Banambar Ray, Shihan Mahmud Redwanul Huq, Adrian Regli, Rosa Reina, Natalia Resano Sarmiento, Faustine Reynaud, Gemma Rialp, Pilar Ricart, Todd Rice, Angus Richardson, Marcelo Rieder, Martin Rinket, Fernando Rios, Alejandro Risso Vazquez, Ivano Riva, Monaly Rivette, Oriol Roca, Ferran Roche-Campo, Covadonga Rodriguez, Gabriel Rodriguez, Daniel Rodriguez Gonzalez, Xandra Yanina Rodriguez Tucto, Angela Rogers, María Elena Romano, Linda Rørtveit, Alastair Rose, Damien Roux, Anahita Rouze, Paolo Nahuel Rubatto Birri, Wang Ruilan, Aldana Ruiz Robledo, Antonio Luis Ruiz-Aguilar, Tomohito Sadahiro, Ignacio Saez, Judith Sagardia, Rajnish Saha, Rohit Saha, Narongkorn Saiphoklang, Shigeki Saito, Maie Salem, Gabriele Sales, Patricia Salgado, Srinivas Samavedam, Mhamed Sami Mebazaa, Line Samuelsson, Nandyelly San Juan Roman, Patricia Sanchez, Jesus Sanchez-Ballesteros, Yazcitk Sandoval, Emanuele Sani, Martin Santos, Carla Santos, Masamitsu Sanui, Lakshmikanthcharan Saravanabavan, Sema Sari, Agnes Sarkany, Bertrand Sauneuf, Monica Savioli, Hilal Sazak, Riccardo Scano, Francis Schneider, Frédérique Schortgen, Marcus J Schultz, Gabriele Leonie Schwarz, Faruk Seçkin Yücesoy, Andrew Seely, Frederik Seiler, Yasemin Seker Tekdos, Kim Seok Chan, Luca Serano, Wojciech Serednicki, Mariano Setten, Asim Shah, Bhagyesh Shah, You Shang, Pradeep Shanmugasundaram, Konstantin Shapovalov, Eman Shebl, Takuya Shiga, Nobuaki Shime, Phil Shin, Jack Short, Chen Shuhua, Sughrat Siddiqui, Juan Ignacio Silesky Jimenez, Daniel Silva, Betania Silva Sales, Koen Simons, Brit Ågot Sjøbø, David Slessor, Jakub Smiechowicz, Nathan Smischney, Paul Smith, Tim Smith, Mark Smith, Sarah Snape, Lindi Snyman, Filiep Soetens, Kyung Sook Hong, Miguel Ángel Sosa Medellin, Giovanna Soto, Xavier Souloy, Elsa Sousa, Stefania Sovatzis, Didem Sozutek, Savino Spadaro, Marco Spagnoli, Martin Spångfors, Nick Spittle, Mike Spivey, Andrew Stapleton, Branislava Stefanovic, Lorraine Stephenson, Elizabeth Stevenson, Kristian Strand, Maria Teresa Strano, Slavenka Straus, Chenliang Sun, Rongqing Sun, Venkat Sundaram, Tai SunPark, Elisabeth Surlemont, Yuda Sutherasan, Zsuzsanna Szabo, Christopher Tainter, Akihiro Takaba, Mandy Tallott, Tamasato Tamasato, Zhanhong Tang, Viratch Tangsujaritvijit, Leandro Taniguchi, Daisuke Taniguchi, Fabio Tarantino, Krittika Teerapuncharoen, Susana Temprano, Pierpaolo Terragni, Nicolas Terzi, Anand Thakur, Pongdhep Theerawit, Arnaud W Thille, Matt Thomas, Poungrat Thungtitigul, Martial Thyrault, Nejla Tilouch, Karina Timenetsky, Juna Tirapu, Manuel Todeschini, Roser Tomas, Christian Tomaszewski, Tommaso Tonetti, Alexandre Tonnelier, John Trinder, Konlawij Trongtrakul, Jonathon Truwit, Betty Tsuei, Aiman Tulaimat, Sema Turan, Melda Turkoglu, Sanjeev Tyagi, Alejandro Ubeda, Federica Vagginelli, María Florencia Valenti, Imma Vallverdu, Alisha Van Axel, Ingrid van den Hul, Hans van der Hoeven, Nardo Van Der Meer, Marc Vanhoof, Mónica Vargas-Ordoñez, Rosanna Vaschetto, Ettore Vascotto, Maria Vatsik, Ana Vaz, Antonia Vazquez-Sanchez, Sara Ventura, Jan Wytze Vermeijden, Anxela Vidal, Jocyelle Vieira, Bruno Vilela Costa Pinto, Ana Villagra, Cristina Villegas Succar, Ole Georg Vinorum, Giovanni Vitale, Ramesh Vj, Ana Vochin, Guillaume Voiriot, Carlo Alberto Volta, Magnus von Seth, Maazouzi Wajdi, Don Walsh, Shouhong Wang, Gabriel Wardi, Nils Christian Ween-Velken, Bi-Lin Wei, Dolf Weller, Deborah Welsh, Ingeborg Welters, Michael Wert, Simon Whiteley, Elizabeth Wilby, Erin Williams, Karen Williams, Antoinette Wilson, Jadwiga Wojtas, Jin Won Huh, David Wrathall, Christopher Wright, Jian-Feng Wu, Guo Xi, Zheng-Jiang Xing, Hongyang Xu, Kotaro Yamamoto, Jie Yan, Julio Yáñez, Xiaobo Yang, Elliot Yates, Ozlem Yazicioglu Mocin, Zhenglong Ye, Fatma Yildirim, Norifumi Yoshida, Hector Higo Leon Yoshido, Bo Young Lee, Rongguo Yu, Gong Yu, Tao Yu, Boyun Yuan, Nadwipa Yuangtrakul, Tetsuya Yumoto, Xie Yun, Graciela Zakalik, Ahmad Zaki, Begoña Zalba-Etayo, Massimo Zambon, Bin Zang, Gianluca Zani, Jonathan Zarka, Simone Maria Zerbi, Avsar Zerman, Harald Zetterquist, Jiuzhi Zhang, Hongwen Zhang, Wei Zhang, Guoxiu Zhang, Weixin Zhang, Hongsheng Zhao, Jia Zheng, Bin Zhu, and Ronald Zumaran
Abstract: Background: Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings: Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0-4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 d
Published: 2023

26. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in pregnancy associated with teratoma

Author: Mridul Bansal, Aryan Mehta, Anand Karthik Sarma, Shuo Niu, Dan Alexandru Silaghi, Ashish K. Khanna, and Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula
Subjects: General Medicine, Clinician’s Corner
Abstract: A 36-year-old pregnant woman with a prior history of depression and recent gunshot wounds presented with sudden deterioration in her mental status. Clinical examination revealed psychosis, hallucinations, and lack of orientation, with an otherwise normal neurological and cardiorespiratory examination. Computed tomographic scan of her head was normal, and she was diagnosed with acute psychosis and excited delirium. She did not respond to supraphysiologic dosages of antipsychotic therapy and needed physical restraints for combativeness and agitation. Her cerebrospinal fluid analysis was negative for an infectious etiology, but was positive for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis antibodies. Abdominal imaging revealed a right-sided ovarian cyst. Subsequently she underwent right-sided oophorectomy. Postoperatively the patient continued to have intermittent episodes of agitation requiring antipsychotic medications. Later, she was safely transitioned to home care with family support.
Published: 2023

27. Response to: norepinephrine formulation for equivalent vasopressive score

Author: Yuki Kotani, Giovanni Landoni, Alessandro Belletti, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Published: 2023

28. Anesthetic Management of a Patient With Juvenile Hyaline Fibromatosis: A Case Report Written With the Assistance of the Large Language Model ChatGPT

Author: Scott Segal and Ashish K Khanna
Subjects: General Engineering
Published: 2023

29. Association of systolic, diastolic, mean, and pulse pressure with morbidity and mortality in septic ICU patients: a nationwide observational study

Author: Ashish K. Khanna, Takahiro Kinoshita, Annamalai Natarajan, Emma Schwager, Dustin D. Linn, Junzi Dong, Erina Ghosh, Francesco Vicario, and Kamal Maheshwari
Subjects: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: Background Intensivists target different blood pressure component values to manage intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between individual blood pressure components and organ dysfunction in critically ill septic patients. Methods In this retrospective observational study, we evaluated 77,328 septic patients in 364 ICUs in the eICU Research Institute database. Primary exposure was the lowest cumulative value of each component; mean, systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure, sustained for at least 120 min during ICU stay. Primary outcome was ICU mortality and secondary outcomes were composite outcomes of acute kidney injury or death and myocardial injury or death during ICU stay. Multivariable logistic regression spline and threshold regression adjusting for potential confounders were conducted to evaluate associations between exposures and outcomes. Sensitivity analysis was conducted in 4211 patients with septic shock. Results Lower values of all blood pressures components were associated with a higher risk of ICU mortality. Estimated change-points for the risk of ICU mortality were 69 mmHg for mean, 100 mmHg for systolic, 60 mmHg for diastolic, and 57 mmHg for pulse pressure. The strength of association between blood pressure components and ICU mortality as determined by slopes of threshold regression were mean (− 0.13), systolic (− 0.11), diastolic (− 0.09), and pulse pressure (− 0.05). Equivalent non-linear associations between blood pressure components and ICU mortality were confirmed in septic shock patients. We observed a similar relationship between blood pressure components and secondary outcomes. Conclusion Blood pressure component association with ICU mortality is the strongest for mean followed by systolic, diastolic, and weakest for pulse pressure. Critical care teams should continue to follow MAP-based resuscitation, though exploratory analysis focusing on blood pressure components in different sepsis phenotypes in critically ill ICU patients is needed.
Published: 2023

30. Continuous Monitoring Detected Respiratory Depressive Episodes in Proximity to Adverse Respiratory Events During the PRODIGY Trial

Author: Jennifer J, Kor, Juraj, Sprung, Ashish K, Khanna, and Toby N, Weingarten
Subjects: Analgesics, Opioid, Capnography, Leadership and Management, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Humans, Prospective Studies, Oximetry, Monitoring, Physiologic
Abstract: The PRediction of Opioid-induced respiratory Depression In patients monitored by capnoGraphY (PRODIGY) trial was a multicenter prospective trial conducted to develop a risk prediction score for opioid-induced respiratory depressive (OIRD) episodes. Several subjects in the PRODIGY trial developed critical respiratory depressive events, which were qualified as reportable adverse events (AEs). In this study, we determine whether those patients also had an episode of OIRD as detected by continuous capnography and pulse oximetry leading up to the critical clinical event.Blinded capnography and pulse oximetry data from PRODIGY patients who had critical respiratory depressive AE were reviewed. The occurrence and timing of OIRD episodes were recorded in relationship to the AE.Of the 1335 subjects in PRODIGY, 7 patients had 8 reportable pulmonary AE and 187 OIRDs (150 apnea episodes, 14 bradypnea episodes, 23 hypoxic episodes) with median 12 (5-19.5) OIRDs per patient. Five patients were monitored before the AE, and multiple preceding OIRD episodes were detected. One patient had 2 AE, the first (hypoxemia) was recognized upon application of pulse oximetry. This patient subsequently had multiple OIRDs until the second AE occurred (somnolence requiring naloxone administration). Another patient's AE (hypotension and bradypnea) was recognized upon monitor application and subsequently had many OIRD episodes.In the PRODIGY trial, patients who had a pulmonary AE had multiple preceding OIRDs detected by continuous capnography and pulse oximetry. When monitoring was initiated before the AE, numerous OIRDs, mostly apneic episodes preceded AE, suggesting continuous monitoring of both ventilation and oxygenation may allow for early detection and possible prediction of future clinical decompensation.
Published: 2022

31. Use of a Multi-Sensor Monitoring Device in an Early Post-operative Mobilization Program

Author: Alexis Restrepo, Amit K. Saha, Ashish K. Khanna, Emily Huang, and Clancy J. Clark
Subjects: Posture, Humans, General Medicine, Exercise, Early Ambulation, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Background The current study aimed to evaluate the validity and feasibility of using a multi-sensor device to monitor patient mobility in a large postoperative population. Methods In this IRB-approved study, postoperative patient posture was recorded using a multi-sensor monitoring device (ViSi Mobile®) and compared with direct observations of patient physical activity. Retrospective cohort analysis of postoperative patient posture data from January to December 2019 was then performed. Patterns of postoperative mobilization were evaluated. Results Multi-sensor real-time posture monitoring with the ViSi Mobile® system consistently differentiate between rest and upright posture (sensitivity and specificity, both 100%). During observation of ambulatory events, ViSi Mobile® system correctly recorded a patient’s position as upright at each validation time point in 72.7% (8 of 11) of walks. Clinical data from 562 postoperative patients were linked with posture monitoring data. Median duration of posture monitoring was 64 hours (IQR 52.5) and median number of posture positions recorded per patient was 15,370 (IQR 12,685). Median duration of upright position per day was 148.6 minutes (IQR 192.8). Duration in active upright position per day was not associated with risk of readmission ( P > .05). Conclusion Real-time posture data from a multi-sensor monitoring device (ViSi Mobile®) was shown to consistently differentiate rest and active upright position. This novel technology can provide useful insight into adherence and clinical benefit of early mobilization programs.
Published: 2022

32. Perioperative Precision Medicine and Bedside Decision Making: Still a Case of Great Expectations?

Author: Ashish K, Khanna and Tong J, Gan
Subjects: Motivation, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Data Collection, Decision Making, Humans, Perioperative Medicine, Precision Medicine
Published: 2022

33. Nocturnal Oxygen Desaturation Index Correlates with Respiratory Depression in Post-Surgical Patients Receiving Opioids – A Post-Hoc Analysis from the Prediction of Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression in Patients Monitored by Capnography (PRODIGY) Study

Author: Lydia QN Liew, Lawrence SC Law, Edwin Seet, Fabio Di Piazza, Katherine E Liu, Ming Ann Sim, Vanessa TY Chua, Toby N Weingarten, Ashish K Khanna, and Lian Kah Ti
Subjects: Behavioral Neuroscience, Nature and Science of Sleep, Applied Psychology
Abstract: Lydia QN Liew,1 Lawrence SC Law,1 Edwin Seet,2 Fabio Di Piazza,3 Katherine E Liu,4 Ming Ann Sim,1 Vanessa TY Chua,1 Toby N Weingarten,5 Ashish K Khanna,6 Lian Kah Ti1,2 On behalf of the PRediction of Opioid-induced respiratory Depression In patients monitored by capnoGraphY (PRODIGY) Group Investigators1National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; 2National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore; 3Medtronic Core Clinical Solutions, Study and Scientific Solutions, Rome, Italy; 4Patient Monitoring Clinical Research, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 5Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA; 6Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, US & Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USACorrespondence: Lian Kah Ti, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119077, Singapore, Tel +65 6779 5555, Email lian_kah_ti@nuhs.edu.sgPurpose: Postoperative monitoring of respiratory status on general care wards typically consists of intermittent checks of oxyhemoglobin saturation and respiratory rate, allowing substantial unmonitored time for severe opioid induced respiratory depression (RD) to develop unnoticed. Oxygen desaturation index (ODI) can be computed solely by continuous pulse oximetry monitoring. In this post-hoc analysis, we evaluate whether nocturnal ODI correlates with RD.Patients and Methods: The PRODIGY trial (NCT02811302) was a multinational study conducted where adult patients receiving parenteral opioids on the general care floor were continuously monitored by blinded pulse oximetry and capnography monitoring to detect episodes of RD. An RD episode was defined as: respiratory rate â¤ 5 breaths/min (bpm) for â¥ 3 minutes, oxygen saturation (SpO2) â¤ 85% for â¥ 3 minutes, end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) â¤ 15 or â¥ 60 mm Hg for â¥ 3 minutes, apnea episode lasting > 30 seconds, or any respiratory opioid-related adverse event. Data were used to calculate nocturnal (00:00 &boxh; 06:00) ODI4% based on desaturation episodes (4% decrease from mean oxyhemoglobin saturation in the past 120 seconds, lasting â¥ 10 seconds). Continuous monitoring began after a patient received parenteral opioids, allowing identification of potential RD and ODI4% episodes during opioid therapy. The average number of ODI4% episodes (â¥ 1, â¥ 5, â¥ 10, â¥ 15 episodes/hour) were analyzed. Logistic regression and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were computed.Results: A final cohort of 1072 (out of 1335) patients had sufficient data, with 76% (N=817/1072) having â¥ 1 episode of ODI4%. Multivariable logistic regression showed that ODI4% was strongly associated with RD, with greater risk for higher ODI4% scores: â¥ 5 episodes/hour odds ratio 2.59 (95% CI 1.72â 3.89, p< 0.0001); â¥ 10 episodes/hour 3.39 (95% CI 1.80â 6.39, p=0.0002); â¥ 15 episodes/hour 4.71 (95% CI 1.93â 11.47, p=0.0006).There was no significant association between ODI4% and respiratory adverse events.Conclusion: Nocturnal ODI4% was highly correlated with RD among hospitalized patients receiving parenteral opioids. Patients with a high ODI4%, especially with â¥ 15 episodes/hour, are more likely to experience RD and should be evaluated for the need of closer monitoring after opioid administration.Keywords: opioids, oxygen desaturation index, respiratory depression, sleep apnea
Published: 2022

34. Opioid abuse and perioperative care: a new medical disease

Author: Daryl S. Henshaw, James D. Turner, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Published: 2022

35. Hypotension Prediction Score for Endotracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of the HEMAIR Study

Author: Nathan J. Smischney, Salim R. Surani, Ashley Montgomery, Pablo Moreno Franco, Cynthia Callahan, Gozde Demiralp, Rudy Tedja, Sarah Lee, Santhi I. Kumar, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Adult, Electrolytes, Intensive Care Units, Adolescent, Renal Dialysis, Critical Illness, Intubation, Intratracheal, Humans, Shock, Hypotension, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: Background Hypotension with endotracheal intubation (ETI) is common and associated with adverse outcomes. We sought to evaluate whether a previously described hypotension prediction score (HYPS) for ETI is associated with worse patient outcomes and/or clinical conditions. Methods This study is a post hoc analysis of a prospective observational multicenter study involving adult (age ≥18 years) intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergoing ETI in which the HYPS was derived and validated on the entire cohort and a stable subset (ie, patients in stable condition). We evaluated the association between increasing HYPSs in both subsets and several patient-centered outcomes and clinical conditions. Results Complete data for HYPS calculations were available for 783 of 934 patients (84%). Logistic regression analysis showed increasing odds ratios (ORs) for the highest risk category for new-onset acute kidney injury (OR, 7.37; 95% CI, 2.58-21.08); new dialysis need (OR, 8.13; 95% CI, 1.74-37.91); ICU mortality (OR, 16.39; 95% CI, 5.99-44.87); and hospital mortality (OR, 18.65; 95% CI, 6.81-51.11). Although not increasing progressively, the OR for the highest risk group was significantly associated with new-onset hypovolemic shock (OR, 6.06; 95% CI, 1.47-25.00). With increasing HYPSs, median values (interquartile ranges) decreased progressively (lowest risk vs. highest risk) for ventilator-free days (23 [18-26] vs. 1 [0-21], P Conclusions As the risk for peri-intubation hypotension increases, according to a validated hypotension prediction tool, so does the risk for adverse clinical events and certain clinical conditions. Trial Registration The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02508948).
Published: 2022

36. Multimodal Machine Learning for Automated ICD Coding.

Author: Keyang Xu, Mike Lam, Jingzhi Pang, Xin Gao 0001, Charlotte Band, Piyush Mathur, Frank Papay, Ashish K. Khanna, Jacek B. Cywinski, Kamal Maheshwari, Pengtao Xie, and Eric P. Xing
Published: 2018

37. Association of the exclusive use of intraoperative phenylephrine for treatment of hypotension with the risk of acute kidney injury after noncardiac surgery

Author: Ashish K. Khanna, Amit K. Saha, and Scott Segal
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, General Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Published: 2023

38. All intraoperative hypotension is not created equal – A call for an individualized approach

Author: Ashish K. Khanna, Alexander Zarbock, and Matthieu Legrand
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Published: 2023

39. An updated 'norepinephrine equivalent' score in intensive care as a marker of shock severity

Author: Yuki Kotani, Annamaria Di Gioia, Giovanni Landoni, Alessandro Belletti, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: Vasopressors and fluids are the cornerstones for the treatment of shock. The current international guidelines on shock recommend norepinephrine as the first-line vasopressor and vasopressin as the second-line vasopressor. In clinical practice, due to drug availability, local practice variations, special settings, and ongoing research, several alternative vasoconstrictors and adjuncts are used in the absence of precise equivalent doses. Norepinephrine equivalence (NEE) is frequently used in clinical trials to overcome this heterogeneity and describe vasopressor support in a standardized manner. NEE quantifies the total amount of vasopressors, considering the potency of each such agent, which typically includes catecholamines, derivatives, and vasopressin. Intensive care studies use NEE as an eligibility criterion and also an outcome measure. On the other hand, NEE has several pitfalls which clinicians should know, important the lack of conversion of novel vasopressors such as angiotensin II and also adjuncts such as methylene blue, including a lack of high-quality data to support the equation and validate its predictive performance in all types of critical care practice. This review describes the history of NEE and suggests an updated formula incorporating novel vasopressors and adjuncts.
Published: 2023

40. Quantitative and Qualitative evaluation of the recent Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare publications using Deep-Learning

Author: Raghav Awasthi, Shreya Mishra, Jacek B Cywinski, Kamal Maheshwari, Ashish K Khanna, Francis A. Papay, and Piyush Mathur
Abstract: BackgroundAn ever-increasing number of artificial intelligence (AI) models targeting healthcare applications are developed and published every day, but their use in real-world decision-making is limited. Beyond a quantitative assessment, it is important to have a qualitative evaluation of the maturity of these publications with additional details related to trends in the type of data used type of models developed across the healthcare spectrum.MethodsWe assessed the maturity of selected peer-reviewed AI publications pertinent to healthcare for the years 2019–2021. For the report, the data collection was performed by PubMed search using the Boolean operators “machine learning” OR “artificial intelligence” AND “2021”, OR “2020”, OR ‘‘2019” with the English language and human subject research as of December 31, each year. All three years selected were manually classified into 26 distinct medical specialties. We used the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT) neural networks model to identify the maturity level of research publications based on their abstracts. We further classified a mature publication based on the healthcare specialty and geographical location of the article’s senior author. Finally, we manually annotated specific details from mature publications, such as model type, data type, and disease type.ResultsOf the 7062 publications relevant toAI in healthcarefrom 2019–2021, 385 were classified as mature. In 2019, 6.01 percent of publications were mature. 7.7 percent were mature in 2020, and 1.81 percent of publications were mature in 2021. Radiology publications had the most mature model publications across all specialties over the last three years, followed by pathology in 2019, ophthalmology in 2020, and gastroenterology in 2021. Geographical pattern analysis revealed a non-uniform distribution pattern. In 2019 and 2020, the United States ranked first with a frequency of 22 and 50, followed by China with 20 and 47. In 2021, China ranked first with 17 mature articles, followed by the United States with 11 mature articles. Imaging-based data was the primary source, and deep learning was the most frequently used modeling technique in mature publications.InterpretationDespite the growing number of publications of AI models in healthcare, only a few publications have been found to be mature with a potentially positive impact on healthcare. Globally, there is an opportunity to leverage diverse datasets and models across the health spectrum, to develop more mature models and related publications, which can fully realize the potential of AI to transform healthcare.
Published: 2023

41. Agreement between cardiac output estimation with a wireless, wearable pulse decomposition analysis device and continuous thermodilution in post cardiac surgery intensive care unit patients

Author: Ashish K. Khanna, Julio O Garcia, Amit K Saha, Lynnette Harris, Martin Baruch, and R. Shayn Martin
Abstract: Purpose Pulse Decomposition Analysis (PDA) uses integration of the systolic area of a distally transmitted aortic pulse as well as an arterial stiffness estimate to compute cardiac output. We sought to assess agreement of cardiac output (CO) estimation between continuous pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) guided thermodilution (CO-CCO) and a wireless, wearable non-invasive technology that utilizes the Pulse Decomposition Analysis (CO-PDA) method in post-operative cardiac surgery patients. Methods Post processed CO-CCO measurements were compared with CO-PDA measurements in prospectively enrolled adult cardiac surgical intensive care unit patients. Both calibrated and uncalibrated CO-PDA values were compared for accuracy with CO-CCO via a Bland-Altman analysis considering repeated measurements and a concordance analysis with a 10% exclusion zone. Results 259.7 hours of monitoring data from 41 patients matching 15583 data points was analyzed. Mean CO-CCO was 5.55 L/min, while mean values for the uncalibrated CO-PDA were 5.73 L/min (bias +- precision 0.79 ± 1.11 L/min; limits of agreement − 1.43 to 3.01 L/min) and for the calibrated CO-PDA were 5.60 L/min (bias +- precision 0.22 ± 1.03 L/min; limits of agreement − 1.86 to 2.26 L/min). The percentage errors were 37.5% (uncalibrated) and 35.0% (calibrated). CO-CCO correlation with CO-PDA was moderate (0.54 and 0.67, respectively) and concordance was 0.83. Conclusion Cardiac output measured with the CO-PDA agrees with the commonly used CO-CCO PAC continuous thermodilution method. These devices are not interchangeable when using a 30% error threshold though the CO-PDA offers a non-invasive, wireless solution to complement and extend hemodynamic monitoring within and outside the ICU.
Published: 2023

42. Angiotensin II for Vasodilatory Hypotension in Patients Requiring Mechanical Circulatory Support

Author: Patrick M. Wieruszewski, Troy G. Seelhammer, Erin F. Barreto, Laurence W. Busse, Jonathan H. Chow, Danielle L. Davison, Bhavita Gaglani, Ashish K. Khanna, Caitlin C. ten Lohuis, Kristin C. Mara, and Erica D. Wittwer
Subjects: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: Background: Patients supported on mechanical circulatory support devices experience vasodilatory hypotension due to high surface area exposure to nonbiological and non-endothelialized surfaces. Angiotensin II has been studied in general settings of vasodilatory shock, however concerns exist regarding the use of this vasopressor in patients with pre-existing cardiac failure. The objective of this study was to assess the systemic and central hemodynamic effects of angiotensin II in patients with primary cardiac or respiratory failure requiring treatment with mechanical circulatory support devices. Methods: Multicenter retrospective observational study of adults supported on a mechanical circulatory support device who received angiotensin II for vasodilatory shock. The primary outcome was the intraindividual change from baseline in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and vasopressor dosage after angiotensin II. Results: Fifty patients were included with mechanical circulatory devices that were primarily used for cardiac failure (n = 41) or respiratory failure (n = 9). At angiotensin II initiation, the norepinephrine equivalent vasopressor dosage was 0.44 (0.34, 0.64) and 0.47 (0.33, 0.73) mcg/kg/min in the cardiac and respiratory groups, respectively. In the cardiac group, MAP increased from 60 to 70 mmHg (intraindividual P
Published: 2022

43. Thromboelastography Parameters do not Discriminate for Thrombotic Events in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Author: Susan, Kartiko, Naoru, Koizumi, David, Yamane, Babak, Sarani, Abu B, Siddique, Andrea R, Levine, Amanda M, Jackson, Patrick M, Wieruszewski, Nathan J, Smischney, Ashish K, Khanna, and Jonathan H, Chow
Subjects: Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a prothrombotic state; leading to multiple sequelae. We sought to detect whether thromboelastography (TEG) parameters would be able to detect thromboembolic events in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods We performed a retrospective multicenter case–control study of the Collaborative Research to Understand the Sequelae of Harm in COVID (CRUSH COVID) registry of 8 tertiary care level hospitals in the United States (US). This registry contains adult patients with COVID-19 hospitalized between March 2020 and September 2020. Results A total of 277 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were analyzed to determine whether conventional coagulation TEG parameters were associated with venous thromboembolic (VTE) and thrombotic events during hospitalization. A clotting index (CI) >3 was present in 45.8% of the population, consistent with a hypercoagulable state. Eighty-three percent of the patients had clot lysis at 30 min (LY30) = 0, consistent with fibrinolysis shutdown, with a median of 0.1%. We did not find TEG parameters (LY30 area under the receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve [AUC] = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.44-0.65, P value = .32; alpha angle [α] AUC = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.47-0.69, P value = .17; K time AUC = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.46-0.69, P value = .67; maximum amplitude (MA) AUC = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44-0.64, P value = .47; reaction time [R time] AUC = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.42-0.65, P value = .70) to be a good discriminator for VTE. We also did not find TEG parameters (LY30 AUC = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.42-0.60, P value = .84; R time AUC = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.48-0.67, P value .07; α AUC = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.51-0.68, P value = .02; K time AUC = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.53-0.70, P value = .07; MA AUC = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.57-0.74, P value Conclusions In this retrospective multicenter cohort study, TEG in COVID-19 hospitalized patients may indicate a hypercoagulable state, however, its use in detecting VTE or thrombotic events is limited in this population.
Published: 2022

44. Bone Cement Implantation Syndrome: Incidence and Associated Factors in a United States Setting

Author: J. Douglas Jaffe, Christopher J Edwards, Rawad Hamzi, Ashish K Khanna, and Fredrik Olsen
Subjects: General Engineering
Abstract: The incidence of bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) following cemented hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of hip fracture in the United States (US) population is not previously described. We sought to describe the incidence and factors associated with BCIS as well as its impact on mortality.In this retrospective observational study, electronic health records were examined for all relevant cases and BCIS was identified and graded according to accepted criteria. Demographic data was collected and an adjusted Cox proportional model was performed to determine the impact of severe BCIS on mortality.Following exclusions for documentation error and misclassification, 69 patients were included in the final analysis. BCIS, regardless of grade, was present in 24 (35%) patients, while severe BCIS (grades 2 and 3) was found in 7 (10%) of patients. Cox proportional hazard estimation adjusted for American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, male sex, and age did not show severe BCIS to be independently associated with mortality, hazard ratio (CI) 1.96 (0.22-17.22).The incidence of BCIS in a selected hip fracture population is comparable in the US to those found in European studies. This study did not establish the occurrence of BCIS with mortality. As cemented hemiarthroplasty is recommended for displaced hip fractures and its use escalates in the US, one can expect an increase in the absolute number of patients experiencing BCIS as well.
Published: 2022

45. Multimodal strategy to counteract vasodilation in septic shock

Author: Marc Leone, Sharon Einav, Elio Antonucci, François Depret, Ines Lakbar, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Patrick M. Wieruszewski, Sheila Nainan Myatra, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, General Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract: Early initiation of a multimodal treatment strategy in the management of vasopressors during septic shock has been advocated to reduce delays in restoring adequate organ perfusion and to mitigate side effects associated with the administration of high-dose catecholamines. We provide a review that summarises the pathophysiology of vasodilation, the physiologic response to the vascular response, and the different drugs used in this situation, focusing on the need to combine early different vasopressors. Fluid loading being insufficient for counteracting vasoplegia, norepinephrine is usually the first-line vasopressor used to restore hemodynamics. Norepinephrine sparing is discussed in further detail through the concomitant use of adrenergic, vasopressinergic, and renin-angiotensin systems and the optimisation of endothelial reactivity with methylene blue. A blueprint for the construction of new studies is outlined to address the question of vasopressor selection and timing in septic shock.
Published: 2022

46. SOCCA: A Growing Community of Intensivists Embracing the Challenges of Modern Critical Care

Author: Shahla Siddiqui and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: General Engineering, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Environmental Science
Published: 2023

47. Variation in Early Management Practices in Moderate-to-Severe ARDS in the United States

Author: Nida Qadir, Raquel R. Bartz, Mary L. Cooter, Catherine L. Hough, Michael J. Lanspa, Valerie M. Banner-Goodspeed, Jen-Ting Chen, Shewit Giovanni, Dina Gomaa, Michael W. Sjoding, Negin Hajizadeh, Jordan Komisarow, Abhijit Duggal, Ashish K. Khanna, Rahul Kashyap, Akram Khan, Steven Y. Chang, Joseph E. Tonna, Harry L. Anderson, Janice M. Liebler, Jarrod M. Mosier, Peter E. Morris, Alissa Genthon, Irene K. Louh, Mark Tidswell, R. Scott Stephens, Annette M. Esper, David J. Dries, Anthony Martinez, Kraftin E. Schreyer, William Bender, Anupama Tiwari, Pramod K. Guru, Sinan Hanna, Michelle N. Gong, Pauline K. Park, Jay S. Steingrub, Kristin Brierley, Julia L. Larson, Ariel Mueller, Tereza Pinkhasova, Daniel Talmor, Imoigele Aisiku, Rebecca Baron, Lauren Fredenburgh, Peter Hou, Anthony Massaro, Raghu Seethala, Duncan Hite, Daniel Brodie, Briana Short, Raquel Bartz, Jordan C. Komisarow, James Blum, Annette Esper, Greg S. Martin, Eileen Bulger, Anna Ungar, Samuel M. Brown, Colin K. Grissom, Eliotte L. Hirshberg, Ithan D. Peltan, Roy G. Brower, Sarina K. Sahetya, R Scott Stephens, John K. Bohman, Hongchuan Coville, Ognjen Gajic, John C. O’Horo, Jorge-Bleik Ataucuri-Vargas, Fiore Mastroianni, Jamie Hirsch, Michael Qui, Molly Stewart, Ebaad Haq, Makrina Kamel, Olivia Krol, Kimberly Lerner, John Marini, Valentina Chiara Bistolfi Amaral, Jill Brown, Michael Brozik, Heidi Kemmer, Janet Obear, Nina Gentile, Kraftin E. Shreyer, Charles Cairns, Cameron Hypes, Josh Malo, Jarrod Mosier, Bhupinder Natt, Scott Hu, Ishan Mehta, Richard Branson, Betty Tsuei, Sanjay Dhar, Ashley Montgomery-Yates, Peter Morris, Tina Chen, Alfredo Lee Chang, Perren Cobb, Estelle Harris, Nate Hatton, Gia Lewis, Stephen McKellar, Sanjeev Raman, Joseph Tonna, Ellen Caldwell, and Sarah Dean
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, ARDS, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Mortality rate, Peak inspiratory pressure, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, End stage renal disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Standardized mortality ratio, 030228 respiratory system, Interquartile range, Emergency medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Tidal volume, Cohort study
Abstract: Background Although specific interventions previously demonstrated benefit in patients with ARDS, use of these interventions is inconsistent, and patient mortality remains high. The impact of variability in center management practices on ARDS mortality rates remains unknown. Research Question What is the impact of treatment variability on mortality in patients with moderate to severe ARDS in the United States? Study Design and Methods We conducted a multicenter, observational cohort study of mechanically ventilated adults with ARDS and Pa o 2 to F io 2 ratio of ≤ 150 with positive end-expiratory pressure of ≥ 5 cm H2O, who were admitted to 29 US centers between October 1, 2016, and April 30, 2017. The primary outcome was 28-day in-hospital mortality. Center variation in ventilator management, adjunctive therapy use, and mortality also were assessed. Results A total of 2,466 patients were enrolled. Median baseline Pa o 2 to F io 2 ratio was 105 (interquartile range, 78.0-129.0). In-hospital 28-day mortality was 40.7%. Initial adherence to lung protective ventilation (LPV; tidal volume, ≤ 6.5 mL/kg predicted body weight; plateau pressure, or when unavailable, peak inspiratory pressure, ≤ 30 mm H2O) was 31.4% and varied between centers (0%-65%), as did rates of adjunctive therapy use (27.1%-96.4%), methods used (neuromuscular blockade, prone positioning, systemic steroids, pulmonary vasodilators, and extracorporeal support), and mortality (16.7%-73.3%). Center standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), calculated using baseline patient-level characteristics to derive expected mortality rate, ranged from 0.33 to 1.98. Of the treatment-level factors explored, only center adherence to early LPV was correlated with SMR. Interpretation Substantial center-to-center variability exists in ARDS management, suggesting that further opportunities for improving ARDS outcomes exist. Early adherence to LPV was associated with lower center mortality and may be a surrogate for overall quality of care processes. Future collaboration is needed to identify additional treatment-level factors influencing center-level outcomes. Trial Registry ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT03021824; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov
Published: 2021

48. Anxiety, worry, and job satisfaction: effects of COVID-19 care on critical care anesthesiologists

Author: Shahla Siddiqui, Avery Tung, Lauren Kelly, Michael Nurok, Ashish K. Khanna, Talia Ben-Jacob, Ricardo Verdiner, Roshni Sreedharan, Lena Novack, Mark Nunnally, Jarva Chow, George W. Williams, and Robert N. Sladen
Subjects: burnout, Critical Care, COVID-19, General Medicine, Anxiety, Covid, Job Satisfaction, Anesthesiologists, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Correspondence, Humans, gender disparity, Burnout, Professional
Published: 2022

49. Respiratory monitoring of nonintubated patients in nonoperating room settings: old and new technologies

Author: Fredrik Olsen, Johan Pieter Suyderhoud, and Ashish K. Khanna
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Respiratory Rate, Anesthesiology, Capnography, Humans, Anesthesia, Monitoring, Physiologic
Abstract: Postoperative mortality in the 30 days after surgery remains disturbingly high. Inadequate, intermittent and incomplete monitoring of vital signs in the nonoperating room environment is common practice. The rise of nonoperating room anaesthesia and sedation outside the operating room has highlighted the need to develop new and robust methods of portable continuous respiratory monitoring. This review provides a summary of old and new technologies in this environment.Technical advances have made possible the utilization of established monitoring to extrapolate respiratory rate, the increased availability and user friendliness of side stream capnography and the advent of other innovative systems. The use of aggregate signals wherein different modalities compensate for individual shortcomings seem to provide a reliable and artefact-free system.Respiratory monitoring is required in several situations and patient categories outside the operating room. The chosen modality must be able to detect respiratory compromise in a timely and accurate manner. Combing several modalities in a nonobtrusive, nontethered system and having an integrated output seems to give a reliable and responsive signal.
Published: 2022

50. Pre-hospital Aspirin Use and Patient Outcomes in COVID-19: Results from the International Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS)

Author: Amos Lal, Juan Pablo Domecq Garces, Vikas Bansal, Aysun Tekin, Simon Zec, Ashish K. Khanna, Matthew A. Warner, Amy B. Christie, Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba, Valerie M. Banner-Goodspeed, Donna Lee Armaignac, Sreekanth R. Cheruku, Umamaheswara Raju, Yasir Tarabichi, Joshua L. Denson, Vishakha Kumar, Allan Walkey, Karen Boman, Neha Deo, Rahul Kashyap, and Ognjen Gajic
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, Hospitalization, Aspirin, SARS-CoV-2, Virus Diseases, Humans, COVID-19, Female, Hospital Mortality, Pandemics
Abstract: The goal of this investigation is to assess the association between prehospital use of aspirin (ASA) and patient-centered outcomes in a large global cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.This study utilizes data from the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (VIRUS) Registry. Adult patients hospitalized from February 15th, 2020, to September 30th, 2021, were included. Multivariable regression analyses were utilized to assess the association between pre-hospital use of ASA and the primary outcome of overall hospital mortality.21,579 patients were included from 185 hospitals (predominantly US-based, 71.3%), with 4691 (21.7%) receiving pre-hospital ASA. Patients receiving ASA, compared to those without pre-admission ASA use, were generally older (median 70 vs. 59 years), more likely to be male (58.7 vs. 56.0%), caucasian (57.4 vs. 51.6%), and more commonly had higher rates of medical comorbidities. In multivariable analyses, patients receiving pre-hospital ASA had lower mortality (HR: 0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.97, p=0.01) and reduced hazard for progression to severe disease or death (HR: 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.99, p=0.02) and more hospital free days (1.00 days, 95% CI 0.66-1.35, p=0.01) compared to those without pre-hospital ASA use. The overall direction and significance of the results remained the same in sensitivity analysis, after adjusting the multivariable model for time since pandemic.In this large international cohort, pre-hospital use of ASA was associated with a lower hazard for death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Randomized controlled trials may be warranted to assess the utility of pre-hospital use of ASA.
Published: 2022

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

121 results on '"Ashish K Khanna"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources