Search

Freshly harvested roselle calyces of dark and light red varieties were sundried and oven dried and evaluated for proximate composition and moisture sorption studies. pH of sundried roselle calyces were higher than oven dried roselle calyces. Also, oven dried dark red Roselle calyces was significantly higher in crude protein, fat, dry matter, moisture and ash. Higher values potassium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc and calcium were also found in red Roselle calyces. Vitamin C content of oven dried light red Roselle calyces was significantly lower than Vitamin C of other Roselle calyces at p<0.05. Roselle calyces exhibited the typical three stage sigmoidal curve found in most foods Braunaeur-Emett-Teller (BET Type II). There was also a concomitant increase in the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) as relative humidity increased in all roselle calyces irrespective of the temperature regimes. Sun dried roselle calyces gave the highest rate of water absorption unlike oven dried roselle calyces. In conclusion oven drying is the best method to dry freshly harvested roselle calyces, oven dried dark red roselle calyces was high in nutrient composition and all roselle calyces exhibited the typical three stage sigmoidal curve found in most foods Braunaeur-Emett-Teller (BET Type II). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is little evidence to indicate how far psychiatric day hospitals for older people can identify and address the needs of older people who attend. The current practice of Care Programme Approach (CPA) in which multidisciplinary team members, patients and their families meet, may provide a suitable forum for needs to be discussed and interventions planned and implemented. One hundred and twelve new day hospital patients over a period of one year were randomly allocated to an experimental group in which the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE). Assessment reports were fed back to day hospital staff but not to the control group in which routine practice was maintained. Similar follow-up assessments were performed after three months in the day hospital or at the time of discharge. At follow-up, both the experimental and control groups had over 60% of their initial unmet needs being adequately met. In both groups, the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales 65+ scores and number of unmet needs were reduced indicating an improvement for both groups. However, there were no significant differences in outcome at follow-up between the experimental and control groups. Day hospitals for older people with mental health problems appear effective in identifying and meeting needs. The feedback from CANE made no difference in terms of outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Questionnaires were administered to mothers from 120 randomly selected households. Anthropometric measurement of 258 children from these households were taken, to assess the contribution of soybean in the diet of the infants from low-income families in Lagos State (Imota, Idimu and Badagry), Nigeria. The result showed that majority of the mothers either have no formal education or were primary-school leavers. Most mothers were categorised into low-income earners because they earn about N500 (US$6) per month. The frequency of soybean consumption in Idimu and Imota is significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of Badagry. Although the frequency of animal protein consumption in Badagry households is significantly higher (P < 0.05), it is found to be inadequate to meet their daily requirements. The protein intakes were between 92-110, 97-100 and 75-103% of FAO requirements for the children in Idimu, Imota and Badagry respectively. The weight and height of children from Idimu and Imota are higher than the children from Badagry. About 26, 32 and 71% of the children studied in Idimu, Imota and Badagry respectively fell below the WHO 5th centile bracket of weight for age. These differences are attributed to the introduction and contribution of soybean (a cheaper source of protein) to Imota and Idimu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem: Microaggressions negatively affect the experiences of medical students, especially those from minoritized groups, indicating the need for heightened awareness and open dialogue. The increasing recognition of the potential harm caused by such behaviors has led to a call for educational strategies that enable medical students to identify and address microaggressions effectively. This report details an innovative approach designed to navigate the complexities of microaggressions within medical education settings., Approach: In December 2023, 2 senior medical educators facilitated an in-person lecture, which consisted of short videos cocreated with students, interactive online surveys, and a presentation. The lecture aimed to enable third-year medical students at Imperial College School of Medicine to describe and recognize microaggressions and other forms of inappropriate behavior, understand the impact of microaggressions in medical education settings, develop problem-solving skills to challenge inappropriate behavior, and differentiate the informal and formal mechanisms to raise concerns., Outcomes: The final data set consisted of 183 participants. Participants reported increases in confidence in identifying microaggressions (median [IQR], 4.00 [3.00-4.00] before vs 4.00 [4.00-5.00] after intervention; P < .001), understanding their potential effect on affected individuals (median [IQR], 4.00 [3.00-5.00] before vs 5.00 [4.00-5.00] after intervention; P < .001), and feeling better equipped to challenge inappropriate experienced (median [IQR], 2.00 [2.00-3.00] before vs 3.00 [2.00-4.00] after intervention; P < .001) or witnessed (median [IQR], 3.00 [2.00-3.00] before vs 4.00 [3.00-4.00] after intervention; P < .001) behaviors. They also reported increases in confidence in seeking support from their peers if they experienced (median [IQR], 4.00 [3.00-5.00] before vs 4.00 [4.00-5.00] after intervention; P < .001) or witnessed (median [IQR], 4.00 [3.00-4.00] before vs 4.00 [3.00-5.00] after intervention; P < .001) microaggressions., Next Steps: Next steps include integrating small group workshops on microaggressions into curricula and adapting these interventions for other health care professionals., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Association of American Medical Colleges.)

Primary tissue coverage of the orbit is desirable after orbital exenteration. This apart from reducing morbidity, is cost effective. Two patients who had immediate local flap reconstruction with temporalis muscle and glabellar skin, after major orbital resection are presented. The advantages of flap reconstruction over skin grafting are discussed.

Objective: With increasing longevity, the number of elderly patients with psychiatric or learning disabilities is likely to increase. The degree of overlap of symptoms and needs of these two groups of patients, which may allow for their care within the same service, was examined., Design: Twenty-six longstay, elderly (> 65 years) psychiatric patients resident in psychogeriatric wards of a psychiatric hospital were compared with 23 longstay, elderly patients and 40 longstay patients aged 50-65 years, both resident in the wards of a specialist hospital for learning disabilities. The instrument used was the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS)., Result: On the HoNOS, the elderly psychiatric patients scored significantly higher for problems with mood, relationships and occupation/activities. There were no significant differences for any of the scales rated between the 50-65 and > 65 years old patients with learning disabilities., Conclusion: The similarities between the three groups of patients would suggest that for some patients the same services may be utilized. This could reduce the cost of the care in the community and entail more economical use of the facilities and staff. The HoNOS proved to be a concise and simple instrument, which could become a useful tool in monitoring the outcome of healthcare in longstay patients.