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Background: The effect of different neonatal anthropometric charts on the incidence and neurodevelopmental outcomes at two years (Y) corrected age of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) preterm infants has still not been fully explored., Methods: All preterm infants with a gestational age (GA) between 24.0 and 31.6 weeks (W), born from Jan-2004 to Dec-2017 in the Marche region (Italy) were studied. Intergrowth-21 st , Beeby, Fenton, and Bertino anthropometric charts were used to classify infants with a birth weight less than 10 th centile as SGA. Disabilities and neurodevelopmental scores assessed by Bayley-III Test were recorded at the 2Y follow-up visit., Results: One thousand one hundred forty-seven preterm infants were evaluated. The incidence of SGA was significantly different among the study charts (from 12.9 to 17.5%). Nine hundred and twenty-seven study infants were assessed for neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2Y corrected age. The incidence of SGA with moderate cognitive impairment (COG Score: 70-84) and mild neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) were significantly different between the Intergrowth-21 st and Bertino charts (31.7% vs. 19.6%, P=0.042; 30.8 vs. 19.2%, P=0.036; respectively). A statistically significant difference in COG Score was found between SGA preterm infants overlapping in all study charts and those classified as SGA only by the Intergrowth-21 st chart (89.1±15.7 vs. 99.2±19.8; P=0.038)., Conclusions: In a large cohort of preterm infants with a GA between 24.0 and 31.6W, the incidence and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2Y corrected age of SGAs were significantly different depending on the anthropometric charts. These differences, albeit small, should be considered both in clinical practice and trials on SGA preterm infants.

Background and Purpose: The aim of our study is to assess the long-term outcomes and safety of bipolar transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate (B-TUEP) in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in a single-center cohort study. Our focus is to evaluate the impact on outcomes after 10 years of follow-up (FUP) in terms of recurrence, LUTS, and patients' quality of life after B-TUEP in prostates between 30 and 80 cc. Materials and Methods: Between May 2010 and December 2011, all consecutive patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia undergoing B-TUEP were prospectively enrolled in our study. Data on patients' history, physical examination, prostate volumes, erectile function, prostate-specific antigen levels, International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), and uroflowmetry were collected at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 60, and 120 months. Early and long-term complications were recorded. Results: A total of 50 consecutive patients underwent B-TUEP in our facility, all performed by a single surgeon (R.G.). Twelve patients were excluded during the 10 years. No patients had persistent bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) requiring reoperation. In terms of results, the improvement in IPSS was sustained throughout 5 years, and the mean difference from baseline at 5 years was 17 points, with similar results at 10 years. Erectile function was also slightly improved after surgery and maintained for the next 5 years, with a slight age-related decrease at 10 years. Furthermore, the improvements in maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) were maintained at 5 years, with a mean improvement of 16 mL/s, while at 10 years, it settled on a mean improvement from baseline of 12 mL/s. Conclusions: In our 10 years' experience, B-TUEP is a safe and highly effective technique for relieving BOO, with excellent outcomes and no recurrence at 10 years of FUP. Further multicenter studies should confirm our results.

Aim: It is still unclear if the magnitude of early postnatal weight loss (PWL) could be associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. We studied the association between PWL and neurodevelopment at 2-year corrected age in preterm infants., Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data of preterm infants with a gestational age between 24 + 0 and 31 + 6 weeks/days, admitted at the G.Salesi Children's Hospital, Ancona, Italy, between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2019. Infants with PWL greater than or equal to 10% (PWL ≥ 10%) were compared with those with PWL of less than 10% (PWL < 10%). A matched cohort analysis was also performed using gestational age and birth weight as matching variables., Results: We analysed 812 infants: 471 (58%) PWL ≥ 10% and 341 (42%) PWL < 10%. A subgroup of 247 PWL ≥ 10% was closely match-paired with 247 PWL < 10% infants. There were no differences in amino acid and energy intakes from birth to day 14 of life and from birth to 36 weeks. Although at 36 weeks, body weight and total length were lower in PWL ≥ 10% than PWL < 10%, anthropometry and neurodevelopment at 2 years were similar between groups., Conclusion: Given similar amino acid and energy intakes on PWL ≥ 10% and PWL < 10% preterm infants of less than 32 + 0 weeks/days, PWL does not affect 2-year neurodevelopment., (© 2023 The Authors. Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.)