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The world today is going through a series of uncalled events, that has hindered the balance of livelihood in the current population. This is due to the emergence of the COVID-19 but along with that, the COVID-19 has accompanied several other rare and extremely fatal fungal infections under its shadows, such as the Mucormycosis. Mucormycosis is caused particularly in the immunocompromised hosts by the saprophytic fungi of Mucorales species. This infection leads to several clinical conditions, under the influence of the COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis, commonly being the conditions such as the rhino-cerebral disease. This condition occurs mainly in the patients with diabetes mellitus. Several other respiratory, gastrointestinal and cutaneous contaminations also occur during this condition. COVID-9 accompanied with diabetes mellitus can be extremely life threatening. Now, there are several predisposing factor to the Mucormycosis which could accompany the severity of the conditions such as the Ketoacidosis in the patients with diabetes mellitus, patients on the immunosuppressive therapies, previous pulmonary infections and other nosocomial contaminations. There are no specific biomarkers available to diagnose Mucormycosis; Histopathological examination of the biopsied tissue and imaging of the involved area are most important in diagnosis. Mucormycosis being an angioinvasive fungus, usually is present in the surroundings with wet surfaces and dead and decaying vegetable matter. The term black fungus is used as in for the dematiaceous fungi, which are an entirely different group. Since the COVID-19 pandemic is on it’s massive widespread in the country, the new variant being more infectious, people are more tend to some other complications of the COVID-19 contamination such as that of the secondary fungal infections causing high mortality rates.

Critical needs for weight reduction and fuel efficiency in the transportation industry call for new materials with enhanced or comparable capabilities at lower specific weights. Graphene-polymer matrix composites present an attractive opportunity to meet this need. Graphene has emerged as a subject of substantial scientific interest due to its exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. When incorporated into a polymer matrix, these thin carbon sheets can provide significant property improvements, such as increased fracture toughness, increased Young’s modulus, increased electrical conductivity, and gas barrier resistance, over those properties of the host polymer--even at low loading levels. However, several major obstacles prevent the widespread use of these materials including poor dispersion of graphene within the polymer, high cost and low yield of current graphene production technologies, poor graphene-matrix interaction, and a lack of scalable composite production techniques. This work explores a new, scalable method of delaminating graphite to a variety of component elements, including graphene, using an in-situ molten polymer high-shear process to generate polymer composites reinforced at least in part with graphene. Delamination results from a five-step process of comminution, stack separation, debonding of plates, formation of aggregates, and separation of the aggregates to form single- and multi-layer graphene. Combined Mode III shearing and tensile forces applied to the particles from the adhesive molten polymer drive the latter delamination steps to produce graphene. The structure and properties of these composites show well-mixed and well-dispersed graphite delamination products (GDPs) in the matrix, with excellent engineering mechanical properties including elastic moduli 197 – 539% of expected rule-of-mixtures values. To achieve load transfer from the matrix to the GDPs, some level of bonding is required. This research suggests that secondary bonding via polar interaction are most important, from weak pi-pi interactions (~10 kJ/mole) to strong ion-dipole bonds (~60 kJ/mole), in generating this connection. Polymer chemistry, graphene pi-bond character, and graphene defects are key elements as described in this thesis. Covalent bonding may also occur where free-radicals are generated, principally on torn graphene edges and to a lesser degree on graphene basal plane defect structures, but this subject was not formally studied in this work.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the webworking of physical contraptions and different articles which include an introduced structure with model availability that connect to gather and exchange information. Home automation is a theme which picks up ubiquity step by step, because of large advantages. By just associating home apparatus electrical devices to the web or cloud storage, anyone can accomplish home automation. The purpose behind this surge demand of system empowered home computerization is to achieve the peak as of late for its effortlessness and comparable affordability. Stages dependent on cloud computing help to interface with the things surrounding everybody, so one can think that it's simple to get to everything without exception whenever and place in an easy way to use exceptionally characterized entries. Subsequently, cloud goes about as a front end to get to IoT. After few years, this framework which can control devices through remote based system or cloud based methodology. This model will use IoT based home computerization framework whose target is to make a home automation model that gives the users unlimited oversight over all control by remote bits of their home requiring little to no effort. It will give smarter process and services and reduce human effort. This model focused on framework of smart home automation. This model will further be extended with discuss about IoT security, and yet few challenges which will also be addressed. I likewise portrayed about persistent verification system which incorporates relevant data for client confirmation in structure of smart home., {"references":["Ashibani, Y., Kauling, D., Mahmoud, Q.H. Poster (8–11 January 2017),\"A context-aware authentication service for smart homes\",In Proceedings of the 14th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC), pp. 587–588, Las Vegas, NV, USA","Ashibani, Y., Kauling, D., Mahmoud, Q.H. (30 April–3 May 2017), \"A context-aware authentication framework for smart homes\", In Proceedings of the IEEE 30th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE),pp. 1–5, Windsor, ON, Canada","Covington, M.J., Sastry, M.R., Manohar, D.J. (2006), \"Attribute-based authentication model for dynamic mobile environments\",In Security in Pervasive Computing. SPC 2006; Lecture Notes in Computer Science(including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in BioinformaticsSpringer:Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, Volume 3934, pp. 227–242","Zhou, K.; Ren, J. (2018), \"PassBio: Privacy-Preserving User-Centric Biometric Authentication\",IEEE Trans. Inf.Forensics Secur., Volume 13, 3050–3063","Qin, W., Zhang, D., Shi, Y., Du, K. (2008), \"Combining user profiles and situation contexts for spontaneous serviceprovision in smart assistive environments\",In Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing. UIC 2008, LectureNotes in Computer Science, Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 187–200"]}

Background. Celiac disease is frequently associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus, but is usually ill-defined and not usually suspected until the disease becomes advanced. Objective. To study the prevalence and clinical profile of celiac disease among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care referral centre in north India. Methodology. Two hundred and fifty six patients were screened (149 males and 107 females) during the study period of two years, patients were evaluated for the clinical signs, biochemical investigations and family history of celiac disease in tertiary care health center in western Uttar Pradesh. Results. Twenty four (9.37%) patients were diagnosed to have celiac disease; the mean age at diagnosis of diabetes was 9.34 ± 7.3 years. Only 1/24 patients with celiac disease had been diagnosed before detection of diabetes mellitus. The common manifestations were normocytic normochromic anemia (66.6%) followed by diarrhoea (62.5%), abdominal pain/bloating sensation (58.3%) and short stature (58.3%). Some uncommon manifestations were also observed in small number of patients: rickets (20.8%), recurrent hypoglycemia (16.6%), carpopedal spasm (8.3%), and night blindness (8.3%). Conclusion. Celiac disease was found in about 10% of patients with type 1 diabetes, almost 10-20 times higher than that observed in general pediatric population. Atypical manifestations (rickets, recurrent hypoglycemia, carpopedal spasm and night blindness) were found to be common in patients with type 1 diabetes as compared to the general population. Unexplained anemia, diarrhoea, short stature and rickets should raise suspicion for the possibility of undiagnosed celiac disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Sugar and sweet consumption have been very popular worldwide. Along with modern sedentary lifestyle, this increasing trend of per capita sugar consumption assumes significance in the view of high tendency to develop insulin resistance, abdominal adiposity, and hepatic steatosis, and the increasing “epidemic” of type 2 diabetes (T 2 DM) and cardiovascular diseases. This article is to show the effects of different type of sugar and its effect on our physiology. We must work on various prevention strategies, encompassing multiple stakeholders (government, industry, and consumers), should target on decreasing sugar consumption. In this context, dietary guidelines show that sugar consumption should be less than 10% of total daily energy intake, but it is suggested that this limit be decreased.

Widespread overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of numerous antibiotic-resistant bacteria; among these are antibiotic-subsisting strains capable of surviving in environments with antibiotics as the sole carbon source. This unparalleled expansion of antibiotic resistance reveals the potent and diversified resistance abilities of certain bacterial strains. Moreover, these strains often possess hypermutator phenotypes and virulence transmissibility competent for genomic and proteomic propagation and pathogenicity. Pragmatic and prospicient approaches will be necessary to develop efficient therapeutic methods against such bacteria and to understand the extent of their genomic adaptability. This review aims to reveal the niches of these antibiotic-catabolizing microbes and assesses the underlying factors linking natural microbial antibiotic production, multidrug resistance, and antibiotic-subsistence.