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21. FUNDAMENTALS OF AGRICULTURE

Author

Arya, R. L., Arya, Sonam, Arya, Renu, Kumar, Janardhan, Arya, R. L., Arya, Sonam, Arya, Renu, and Kumar, Janardhan

Subjects
Agriculture--Textbooks
Abstract

Fundamentals of Agriculture for competitive exams in agriculture discipline contains 19 chapters covering all related disciplines. The chapter included General agriculture, Agricultural climatology, Genetics, plant breading & biotechnology, Plant physiology & biochemistry, Seed technology, Agronomy, Soil science & agricultural microbiology, Horticulture, Entomology, Plant pathology, Agricultural extension, Agricultural economics, Agricultural statistics, Animal husbandry & dairying, Aqua culture (Fish culture, Prawan culture & Pearl culture), Bee keeping, Sericulture, Lac culture and Agroforestry have been given due importance and whole syllabus is covered as per ICAR/SAUs syllabus and guidelines. Each chapters contains very short types of descriptive questions. Recent precise information and development in the field of agriculture have been incorporated in the book. For the overall benefit of the student in the discipline of agriculture we have made this book exclusively in such a way that it hands out not only solutions but also detailed explanations. Through these detailed and thorough explanations, student can learn the concepts which will enhance their thinking and learning ability. Thus this book may be useful not only to students but also teachers, researchers, extension workers and development officers for reference and easy answering of many complicated questions of all related disciplines of agriculture.

Published
2015

30. The Effects of Chia Seed (Salvia hispanica L.) Consumption on Blood Pressure and Body Composition in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Author

Saadh MJ, Abosaoda MK, Baldaniya L, Kalia R, Arya R, Mishra S, Chauhan AS, Kumar A, and Alizadeh M

Abstract

Purpose: Growing evidence has suggested that the consumption of chia seed can decrease blood pressure and obesity in adults. However, even studies have reported uncertain findings. The current meta-analysis aimed to assess the findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of chia seed supplementation on blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP]) and body composition (waist circumference [WC], weight, body mass index [BMI]) in adults., Methods: A systematic search of the literature was carried out in the PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Cochrane Central Library, and EMBASE from inception up to October 2024. Data were extracted and analyzed using a random-effects model, and reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)., Findings: A total of eight RCTs involving 372 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that chia consumption significantly reduced DBP (WMD: -7.49 mmHg; 95% CI: -9.64, -5.34; P < 0.001) and SBP (WMD: -5.61 mmHg; 95% CI: -8.77, -2.44; P = 0.001). Moreover, consuming chia seeds was linked to a notable decrease in WC (WMD: -1.46 cm; 95% CI: -2.68, -0.25; P = 0.01), but it had no significant effect on, BMI (WMD: -0.31 kg/m 2 ; 95% CI: - 0.96, 0.34; P = 0.34) and weight (WMD: 0.09 kg; 95% CI: -0.76, 0.93; P = 0.84)., Implications: Chia consumption can significantly reduce SBP, DBP, and WC in adults, but no significant impact was showed on BMI and weight. To verify these results, more studies involving a greater number of participants are required., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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