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The constellations originating from Arab civilization were still very little known and studied. Al-Ṣūfi's book, al-Kawākib al-Thābitah, contains the record of coordinates, approximate magnitudes, and star details with graphs. This study examines the difference of stars in the sample constellation, compares the visual appearance of the illustrations on the Stellarium software, and studies the differences between the western constellations and the Arabic constellations. The result shows some differences between the constellations of the almagest and al-Kawākib al-Thābitah in the number of stars in the sample constellations, differences in illustrations from the orientalized figures, and the star magnitude in al-Ṣūfi's work that similar to Ptolemy's works. Al-Sufi identified a total of 134 additional stars, 65 stars located in the Northern constellations, 41 stars in the Zodiac constellation, and 28 stars in the Southern constellations. His observations showed that the magnitude values of 520 stars out of a total of 1022 stars were identical between al-Sufi and Ptolemy. Stellarium provides an excellent visual presentation of the Arabic constellations according to Al-Sufi's book that shows position, illustration, and mapping in the night sky.

The use of robotic telescopes in the practice of observing the Hilal in Indonesia is quite widespread. One type of telescope that is widely used by observers is the iOptron Cube. Telescopes with an alt-azimuth mounting type with GPS features can be used easily by observers who observes Hilal on a portable basis. The effectiveness of using this telescope needs to be studied more deeply because pointing accuracy and alt-azimuth tracking mounting capabilities require good computational ability to obtain the expected results. After being tested with two configurations (narrow and wide field of view) and seeing the various supporting features embedded in this telescope, it can be concluded that the iOptron Cube is quite effective for observing Hilal.

Astrotourism is a tourist activity that shows attractions in the form of astronomical phenomena and outer space. Astrotourism activities that can be carried out by tourists are such as studying and exploring astronomical phenomena such as eclipses, meteor showers, and so on in the conditions of the night sky. An important condition for the advancement of astrotourism in an area is that the area has dark skies that are characterized by no severe light pollution and had adequate atmospheric conditions such as at least clouds covering the sky so that celestial objects can be observed properly, temperature, humidity, wind speed. and good rainfall so that visitors or tourists can comfortably be at astronomical tourist sites for a long time. We’ve done collecting atmospheric data using portable weather station and sky brightness data using Unihedron Sky Quality Meter LU-DL type device from July 10th - 11th 2021 and we collected data from windy.com for atmospheric particle content and cloud coverage during those dates. The results showed that Barus can become a new potential astrotourism destination specifically in Northern Sumatera or broadly in Indonesia where the Light pollution in Barus city is quite low, with a maximum value of brightness sky of 21.6, 20.8, and 21.8 MPSAS for the east, zenith, and west directions, respectively; Atmospheric conditions are quite good with an average temperature of 25.9 °C, the humidity of 89.2%, wind speed of 2.07 km/h, rainfall of 33.1 mm, amount of particles in the atmosphere 0.13 AOD and heat index of 27.2 °C Future study is needed from other aspects to make Barus become a new astrotourism destination in Indonesia.

Tujuan dilaksanakannya Program Kemitraan Pengembangan Muhammadiyah (PKPM) ini adalah selain untuk melaksanakan salah satu unsur dari Tri Dharma perguruan tinggi, maka program yang dilakukan ini untuk menjawab permintaan masyarakat terutama warga persarikatan Muhammadiyah, khususnya masyarakat Cabang Muhammadiyah Medan Denai untuk melakukan pelatihan pengakurasian arah kiblat. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan mengadakan penyuluhan, tanya jawab, diskusi, penugasan dan praktik langsung. Kemudian metode pendekatan lain yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pendekatan partisipatif ( partisipatory approach ) . Kegiatan pelatiahan pengakurasian arah kiblat dilakukan dalam bentuk kegiatan yang bersifat dialogis dimana tim menyampaikan pemaparan tentang bagaimana melakukan pengakurasian arah kiblat baik secara teori maupun secara praktik, menggunakan alat-alat yang telah disediakan. Tahap pelaksanaan program ini dimulai dari persiapan program, pelaksanaan program, dan evaluasi program. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pelatihan pengakurasian arah kiblat adalah para peserta dapat mengetahui pentingnya menghadap kiblat ketika salat, dan peserta pelatihan telah mampu dalam menggunakan sebagian alat, seperti kompas kiblat, mizwalah dan theodolite dalam melakukan pengakurasian arah kiblat. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil praktek langsung di lapangan yang dilakukan setelah proses pelatihan berakhir. Keyword: Pengakurasian, Kiblat, Masjid

The τ Scorpii (τ Sco) star, was known as Al-Niyat in medieval Islamic period, is a B0V single star with mass of 15 solar mass (M⊙). It means that τ Sco is a massive star that has properties like B-type star such as has 31,440 K temperature effective and so on. The evolution simulation using MESA simulation software was conducted from pre-main sequence phase to red supergiant phase for τ Sco. We obtain that the age of τ Sco currently is 5.22 million years and it’s in main sequence phase. The τ Sco will reach the red supergiant phase at the age of 11.6 million years after formation.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengukur secara tidak langsung diameter dan kedalaman kawah bulan yang diperoleh saat pengamatan Bulan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Observatorium Ilmu falak Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara dengan menggunakan teleskop William Optics Gt 102, Mounting iEQ45 Pro Kamera CCD QHY 5-II dan Canoon 600D. Penelitian ini fokus pada pengamatan kawah di Bulan, menentukan ukuran diameter dan kedalamannya pada basis foto dan perhitungan sederhana dengan beberapa penyederhanaan matematis. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian, didapat nilai untuk diameter ( d ) dan kedalaman ( h ) untuk kawah bernama Tycho yaitu d=102,95 ; h=6,6 . Copernicus d=110,14 ; h=5,4 . Schiller d=28,98 ; h=8,6 . Kepler d=178,82 ; h=3,8 dengan tingkat kesalahan pengukuran 2%.

تعتبر الحضارة الإسلامية العديد من العلوم الطبيعة منها العلوم الفلكية التي تدرس الأجرام السماوية.¬ إن مكانة علم¬ الفلك في العصور¬ الوسطى تتجه في الأساس إلى خدمة العبادة في الإسلام، لاسيما الصلاة والصوم. فمن أجل ذلك نشأ العديد من الفلكيين المسلمين بحثوا في هذا المجال واعترفوا بالموقت. شغل معظم الفلكيّين في هذا العصر، خاصة العصر المملوكي، وظيفة موقّت وهو فلكي محترف ملحق بأحد المساجد بالأجرة من السلطان، وكان مهمته تحديد أوقات الصلاة والصوم. ففي العصور الوسطى يعترف هذا الشغل بمؤسسة الموقت، وهي المجتمع تدرس الأجرام السماوية لخدمة العبادة.

Fajar adalah fenomena alami yang terjadi disebabkan rotasi Bumi pada porosnya. Permasalahan awal waktu fajar senantiasa menjadi kajian baik di kalangan fukaha maupun ilmuwan Muslim. Di Indonesia, sejak lama berlaku ketetapan dip-20 derajat di bawah ufuk dalam penentuan waktu Subuh. Ketentuan ini berasal dari pendapat Syaikh Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin (w. 1376/1956) dalam karyanya Nukhbah al-Taqrîrât fi Hisâb al-Auqât. Makalah ini akan menelusuri pemikiran Syaikh Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin tentang hal ini melalui karyanya tersebut dalam merumuskan konsepsi 20 derajat ini. Melalui analisis dan penelusuran sejumlah literatur, ditemukan bahwa dip -20 derajat ini ternyata dihasilkan hanya berdasarkan nukilan dari karya dan atau pemikiran tokoh-tokoh sebelumnya baik tokoh Nusantara maupun tokoh yang bermukim di Haramain, khususnya melalui kitab al-Mathla‘ al-Sa‘îd karya Husain Zaid Mesir.Abstract: Shaykh Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin’s Contribution in Islamic Astronomy. This article studies on the early dawn time and its influence on the determination dawn in Indonesia. Dawn is a natural phenomenon that can be seen while the earth rotates on its axis. The issue of the beginning of dawn has become a heated debate both within the Indonesian Muslim scholars (fuqaha) and scientists alike. In Indonesia, to determine dawn prayer’s time has been set up dip -20 degree below the horizon. This determination was adopted from Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin’s idea in his work Nukhbah al-Taqrîrât fi Hisâb al-Auqât. This paper is trying to explore Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin’s thought concerning the issue through his work which formulated this conception of 20 degree. In this article, the author found that after a thorough and critical analysis of some important literature and references, it is concluded that this conception was strictly quoted from other works and other previous Muslim scholars idea who lived in Haramain, especially in the book al-Mathla‘ al-Sa‘îd which was written out by Husain Zaid Mishr.Kata Kunci: Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin, waktu fajar, Nusantara, astronomi