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The theoretical hypotheses of absorptive capacity (AC) are relatively simple; validation and measurement are more complicated. There are still discussions about AC's best proxy or measurement because archival or survey methods may not provide dependable results. Additionally, absorption theories have not researched the effectiveness of a spatial or geographically relevant bounding as a cluster. Exterior factors define absorptive capacities, but their contingent effects on variables and forms are unclear. Limited studies on the external networks and business environment and change in theory versus execution remain essential research subjects. This research aims to explore the effects of clusters and the business environment on absorptive capacity from the perspective of contingency theory. Based on a sample of 38 nations, World Bank, and Global Innovation Index within the 2013-2018 period data, panel analysis shows that cluster inclusion and business environment relative to the nation can strengthen the absorptive capacity. The results also show that the proxy variable of absorptive capacity is significantly related to results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the COVID-19 Pandemia, there have been many challenges and negative impacts on social, and economic life, including xenophobia. So, this paper strives to describe the contents of the presented xenophobia concepts through the identified subconcepts and open codes-gathered from media by content analysis method. The paper also provides authentic citations that connect the results and raw data from the media. The performed analysis demonstrated that xenophobia is relative to a country or group of countries' context of a threat to their physical, social, and cultural beliefs. Xenophobia included various aspects, e.g., filtered information, economic threat, and emotional reactions. These can be exemplified through media news and incidents occurring in each country or region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological resilience has been, to a certain extent, explained by Western individualistic, and static factors. However, dynamic factors that affect the resilience through the process are proofed to be more important, i.e. culture. In some collectivist nations, like Afghanistan, the meaning of work embedded in what their own culture taught them. Afghan cultural context may provide the foundation for different ways of knowing, including resilience, by people in that nation. So, the main aim of this research is to find out the impact of psychological resilience on work engagement from the Afghan national cultural perspective. In a study of 713 staffs from 27 universities in Afghanistan show that work engagement dimensions are more related to the social and family factor of resilience than individual ones, supporting the cultural cohesion theory of individuals of Afghan people. Resiliency and energy are also one of the critical components of work engagement, vitality as a more individualistic work engagement factor lost its importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of five economic indicators -clusters, FDI, R&D, and GDP per capitaon innovation. Using a unique panel dataset obtained from eight upper/middle-income countries with similar innovation levels that are in and out of economic clusters from 2001-2014. Being in a cluster has static (countable) and dynamic (uncountable) effects. We demonstrated that from the dynamic effect variables GDP per capita, FDI, a dummy variable for being EMU member and R&D expenditure only FDI is significant. On the other hand, export numbers are correlated with innovation negatively by 1.3. The empirical support shows that the dynamic effects of clusters are not statistically significant on innovation, but static effects are. Therefore, clusters are useful for countries on trade but not innovation directly. In a nutshell, an upper middle-income country should increase trade for innovation spillover by moderation effect of being in economic unions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive efforts to rebuild a society's security and peace-enforcing have become an increasingly frequent activity of the NATO as KFOR (Kosovo Force), which is formed of many countries that its image results from these countries collateral relations. KFOR's image has come to the fore because it affects the mission success and decisions about its existence in Kosovo. The image has two components, functional and emotional: Military symbols and uniforms of NATO (KFOR) are functional and emotional relations of countries with Kosovo Security Forces (KSF) members are emotional part. In this research; the main objective is finding out the effects that shape KFOR image. Sublevel objectives are the effects of Kosovo's "connections", KSF "personal links" and "perceived mission success" with KFOR member states in KFOR image. To study these effect 3 hypothesis are formed and empirical research is done with KSF members to get a foundation of emotional relationship which affects country image. Evaluating of questionnaires with linear regression, correlation and factor analysis, besides the important effects of ethnocentrism and patriotism, military personnel relations formed by countries military involvement and activities found as predictor factors in KFOR image. As a matter of course these base components of emotions about the image will enlighten future literature about building an organizational image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The information generated by people who have doubled every 4000 years, the last day of knowledge doubling rate has dropped to 50 years. With this increase in knowledge and technology their new invention at increasing rates accelerated integral part of our lives has made. As with all developments, the technological developments hasn't only individual sizes, they enter in the administrative level that are also more intertwined. As a result of this investigation, previously unexplored technology on management roles and new technologies to determine the relationship of mutual necessity has arisen. To study the concept of new technologies effect and the determination of the relationship between management roles are important issues on "leadership" that still has been gaining different meanings through historical development and continuing development that the subject of each period from Socrates to Alexander the Great, to Plato and Odysseus and subject of literature from Homer's "Iliad" to the Odyssey. In order to determine this relationship survey conducted in Tekirdag City Police Department and the results are statistically evaluated. The primary aim of this work is to put forward the impact of new technologies, on Mintzberg's (1973) managerial roles. In this respect, technology, leadership, management concepts, having the impact of technology on management roles were determined by analysis. All the managers, occupying administrative roles will be capable to take more effective leadership process according to the importance of technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic feature which makes mankind superior to other creatures is communication. Because owing to communication mankind has been sharing information, emotions and ideas; pursuing a goal; and by means of it corporation could be produced between individuals, groups and generations. In which way or how communication is made, individuals reflect their emotions, experiences, mementos, effects of culture and environment in which he or she rose and considerations to communication. As for, Transactional Analysis is a communication model emphasizes that individuals are in certain ego states when communicating and actually, communication between people consisting of individuals' ego states. This model can be used by employee and managers for making organizational communication continuous and preventing conflicts or directing communication to positive by learning it. At research, a positive relation between ego states and active communication levels in a particular organization's employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study investigates the effects of ethical climate and innovative culture on the hospital nurses' job performance and innovative behaviour with the mediating factor of psychological empowerment. Background: Hospital nurses have an opportunity to embrace innovative behaviours and increase their performance through a positive ethical climate and innovative culture. Understanding nurses' psychological empowerment in the workspace context that impacts innovation has not been a focus for hospital leadership. Methods: A cross‐sectional study based on a questionnaire design was used for data collection and analysis. The data are collected through a voluntary survey—selected by a convenience sampling method—of 393 nurses from University Hospital. The Structural Equation Model and Bootstrap method test the study's hypotheses. A STROBE checklist was used for reporting. Results: Ethical climate and innovative culture predict job performance and innovative behaviour with the mediating role of psychological empowerment. Moreover, psychological empowerment decreases the predictive power of ethical climate and innovative culture separately but increases the nurses' job performance and innovative culture. Conclusions: Ethical climate and innovative culture significantly positively affect job performance and innovative behaviour. Additionally, the mediating effect of psychological empowerment increases job performance and innovative behaviour more than the effects of ethical climate and innovative culture. Implications for Nursing Management: Nurses need to be prepared to practice safely, accurately and compassionately by translating moral values into rules of the nursing profession, where innovation increases at an astonishing rate. Nurse leaders and hospital managers should establish ethical norms as the consensus of ultimate criteria of validity of the rational analysis of tasks or particular nursing practice concepts, with an innovative culture by empowering nurses exceedingly in their workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated relationships between hospice nurses' emotional labor, life satisfaction, and affective commitment (moderator). We started with the assumption that displaying real emotions rather than faking them may increase life satisfaction. Design and Methods: The study utilized a cross‐sectional survey data analysis. A total of 322 nurses participated in the study. Hayes' process examined the moderation relationship predicting emotional labor and life satisfaction. Findings: The results showed that emotional labor partially affected life satisfaction. However, those effects varied at different levels of affective commitment and interestingly diminished at a high level. Practice Implications: Nurse leaders should understand and transform the surface emotional setting of nurses to more profound acting emotions and then to natural emotional responses, which otherwise can generate emotional conflict causing unsatisfactory life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]