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Background Insufficient awareness of foot self-care among diabetic individuals results in diabetic foot ulcers. The management of diabetes and diabetic foot ulcers demands a well-coordinated approach that involves multiple healthcare providers (HCPs). The present study aims to develop and validate an interprofessional collaborative (IPC) educational program involving HCPs to efficiently oversee and instruct the public on appropriate strategies for self-managing diabetic foot health. Methods The research group worked on creating an educational module titled ‘An Interprofessional Collaborative Educational Module on Self-Management of Foot for Individuals with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.’ The objective of this module was to promote the adoption of proper practices in self-managing foot health for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A panel of 13 experts participated in a two-stage validation process using the Delphi method to assess the module and its educational resources. Subsequently, the module was tested on a group of 30 participants, i.e., individuals with diabetes, with its efficacy evaluated through conversation analysis and in-depth interviews. Results The three-month-long module included three sessions • 1: Diabetes and its health implications • 2: Diabetic foot and self-management • 3: Interprofessional education in diabetic foot care The mode of content delivery was via Whatsapp, and the educational resources, in the form of pamphlets, flowcharts, handouts, case-based cartoons, and videos on diabetes, including diabetic foot, its risks, and self-management, were shared regularly. All participating experts consensually validated the module and educational resources. Analysis of in-depth interviews revealed that the module immensely benefitted the participants and helped them improve their knowledge and practices of foot care in diabetes. Conclusions The study concludes that IPC educational modules can enhance adherence to proper diabetic foot care practices, potentially reducing the occurrence of foot ulcers and amputations, and ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.

Background Insufficient awareness of foot self-care among diabetic individuals results in diabetic foot ulcers. The management of diabetes and diabetic foot ulcers demands a well-coordinated approach that involves multiple healthcare providers (HCPs). The present study aims to develop and validate an interprofessional collaborative (IPC) educational program involving HCPs to efficiently oversee and instruct the public on appropriate strategies for self-managing diabetic foot health. Methods The research group worked on creating an educational module titled ‘An Interprofessional Collaborative Educational Module on Self-Management of Foot for Individuals with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.’ The objective of this module was to promote the adoption of proper practices in self-managing foot health for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A panel of 13 experts participated in a two-stage validation process using the Delphi method to assess the module and its educational resources. Subsequently, the module was tested on a group of 30 participants, i.e., individuals with diabetes, with its efficacy evaluated through conversation analysis and in-depth interviews. Results The three-month-long module included three sessions • 1: Diabetes and its health implications • 2: Diabetic foot and self-management • 3: Interprofessional education in diabetic foot care The mode of content delivery was via Whatsapp, and the educational resources, in the form of pamphlets, flowcharts, handouts, case-based cartoons, and videos on diabetes, including diabetic foot, its risks, and self-management, were shared regularly. All participating experts consensually validated the module and educational resources. Analysis of in-depth interviews revealed that the module immensely benefitted the participants and helped them improve their knowledge and practices of foot care in diabetes. Conclusions The study concludes that IPC educational modules can enhance adherence to proper diabetic foot care practices, potentially reducing the occurrence of foot ulcers and amputations, and ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the major causes of morbidity, which affect particularly the upper quadrant in industrial settings and so upset the quality of life (QoL). The influence of the protocol of exercise-based programs at the workplace on the well-being of the worker is contradictory. The objective of the study was to find the effect of the structured exercise-based intervention on upper quadrant dysfunction among fish processing workers with work-related MSDs. Methods: The intervention group (n = 91) participated in an individually tailored structured exercise-based intervention (SEBI) program for three months, which consisted of stretching, strengthening, and active exercises. The control group (n = 93) was instructed to continue routine daily activities. The outcome measures of the cluster-randomized controlled trial were Neck Disability Index (NDI), Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Short Form-36, used to evaluate at baseline, eighth, and twelfth week. The data were analyzed by repeated analysis of variance and Student’s t-tests. Results: The results for the overall perception of upper quadrant dysfunction showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.0001) for NDI, DASH, and VAS. Further, we obtained a significant difference in QoL between the intervention and control groups for physical and psychological health sub-domains. Conclusion: SEBI effectively enhanced the general health of fish processing workers by showing improvements in the measures of NDI, DASH, VAS, and QoL. Hence, SEBI can be recommended in the fish processing industries to achieve potential impact on upper quadrant dysfunction and improve the QoL.

Pristine and dysprosium-doped ZnO thin films, highly c-axis oriented, were grown on a c-Al2O3 substrate using the pulsed laser deposition technique. During the deposition process, the growth was impacted by changes in the oxygen partial pressure. The structural, optical, and compositional properties of the pristine and dysprosium-doped ZnO thin films were systematically characterized using various state-of-the-art experimental techniques. The crystallinity associated with these films was observed to be highly dependent on the oxygen partial pressure maintained during the growth process. An average optical transparency of more than ∼90% in the visible spectral range (i.e., 400–800 nm) was observed for all specimens. For doped specimens, expected intra-4fn emissions of (dysprosium) Dy3+ ions that emanated from the 4F9/2 energy state were observed in room-temperature photoluminescence spectra under direct excitation. The Jacobian-transformed wavelength-to-energy plot for Dy-doped ZnO thin films in the UV-Visible region revealed intriguing findings. Specifically, it depicted a prominent peak at 2.82 eV, indicative of the energy state of Dy3+ ions, alongside intense band-edge emission and various defect-related emissions. The intensity of these transitions was observed to depend on the oxygen partial pressure kept during deposition. An x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the doped specimen confirmed the +3 oxidation state of dysprosium into the ZnO matrix. These results provide a promising approach for controlling the doping and growth strategy of Dy-doped ZnO thin films, thereby opening up a wide range of applications and enhancement for next-generation optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Insufficient awareness of foot self-care among diabetic individuals results in diabetic foot ulcers. The management of diabetes and diabetic foot ulcers demands a well-coordinated approach that involves multiple healthcare providers (HCPs). The present study aims to develop and validate an interprofessional collaborative (IPC) educational program involving HCPs to efficiently oversee and instruct the public on appropriate strategies for self-managing diabetic foot health. Methods The research group worked on creating an educational module titled ‘An Interprofessional Collaborative Educational Module on Self-Management of Foot for Individuals with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.’ The objective of this module was to promote the adoption of proper practices in self-managing foot health for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A panel of 13 experts participated in a two-stage validation process using the Delphi method to assess the module and its educational resources. Subsequently, the module was tested on a group of 30 participants, i.e., individuals with diabetes, with its efficacy evaluated through conversation analysis and in-depth interviews. Results The three-month-long module included three sessions • 1: Diabetes and its health implications • 2: Diabetic foot and self-management • 3: Interprofessional education in diabetic foot care The mode of content delivery was via Whatsapp, and the educational resources, in the form of pamphlets, flowcharts, handouts, case-based cartoons, and videos on diabetes, including diabetic foot, its risks, and self-management, were shared regularly. All participating experts consensually validated the module and educational resources. Analysis of in-depth interviews revealed that the module immensely benefitted the participants and helped them improve their knowledge and practices of foot care in diabetes. Conclusions The study concludes that IPC educational modules can enhance adherence to proper diabetic foot care practices, potentially reducing the occurrence of foot ulcers and amputations, and ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals with diabetes.

Purpose: Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients often face difficulties with swallowing, which can be due to the cancer itself or the treatment modalities like radiation therapy. The presentation of HNC can vary between developing and developed countries due to socioeconomic factors. The current study aimed to profile the swallowing function of HNC patients before starting radiation therapy in a tertiary hospital in India. Method: This cross-sectional observational study examined patients with HNC who were scheduled for radiation therapy. The Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and Karnofsky Performance Status Scale were used to assess the patients’ swallowing status and functional abilities, respectively. The study also evaluated the relationship between swallowing function and clinical-demographic factors. Results: Our assessment of 162 HNC patients found that the cancer site significantly affects swallowing. Although 92% of patients had an oral diet, 64% made dietary modifications. Patients with non-oral intake had either oral or pharyngeal cancer, and over 80% of oral cancer patients and 60% of those with pharyngeal cancer had already made changes to their diet. Patients with laryngeal cancer had a better oral intake, with 58% reporting no swallowing issues. Conclusion: Patients with HNC scheduled for radiation therapy may experience varying degrees of swallowing difficulty. Early intervention and teaching of safe swallowing strategies are crucial to prepare for the potential worsening of swallowing difficulties resulting from the treatment. Advanced tumor stages and oral/pharyngeal cancers increase the risk of significant swallowing issues.

Introduction: Kodagu district in India had catastrophic landslides in 2018, the rarest occurrence known to people until 2018. It has become an annual affair radiated to other districts of the Western Ghats range. Aim: To explore landslide survivors' experiences, conventional knowledge, and responses during the emergency relief response. Methods: In the emergency relief response phase, a qualitative study was conducted using the purposive sampling technique of landslide survivors in the Kodagu District. Ninety-nine participants were interviewed in 10 Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The FGDs were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Results: In this study, 35 males and 64 females participated. All have endured horrifying experiences, and fear of life and social triggers have played an essential role in self-evacuation. The effective group work among the survivors was perceptible. The issues include improper communication of situational information, disruption of road and cellular connectivity, physical and mental health problems, direct and indirect losses, and other cross-cutting themes. Themes have been recognised as Experiencing the Darkness in Life; Disputed Communication; community-managed Immediate Disaster Response; Health Concerns of the Landslide Survivors; and Cross-Cutting Themes. Conclusion: The study concludes that community-driven community-managed evacuation minimised the causalities. The response from the government in the immediate disaster response phase was satisfactory; fear of life and social trigger played a vital role in the self-evacuation, subsequently reducing the casualties. With community participation, disaster planning at the village/ward level would be the way forward for the well-coordinated emergency relief response.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex, chronic condition that can cause multiple complications due to poor glycemic control. Self-management plays a crucial role in the management of T2DM. Lifestyle modifications, including physical activity (PA), are fundamental for self-management. This study explored the knowledge, perception, practice, enablers, and barriers of PA among individuals with T2DM. Methods: A mixed-method study was conducted among individuals with T2DM in Udupi taluk, India. A cross-sectional survey (n = 467) followed by an in-depth interview (n = 35) was performed. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis, respectively. Results: About half (48.8%) of the participants engaged in PA of which 28.3% had an adequate score in the practice of PA. Walking was the most preferred mode. Self-realization, Comprehension, perception, and source of information, PA training, Current PA practices, enablers and barriers for PA were 6 themes derived under knowledge, perception, and practice of PA. Conclusion: Despite knowing the importance of PA, compliance with PA was poor. The personal/internal, societal, and external factors constituted the trinity of barriers and enablers in compliance with PA. Behavioral changes, societal changes, policy initiatives, and PA training in health care settings may enhance PA practice among individuals with T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

الملخص: أهداف البحث: يسبب اعتلال الكلية السكري مضاعفات في القلب والأوعية الدموية لدى الأفراد المصابين بداء السكري، مما يؤدي إلى انخفاض وظائف الكلى والتدهور الجسدي العام. كان الهدف من هذه المراجعة المنهجية هو تحديد تأثير التمرين على متغيرات وظائف الكلى المختلفة بين الأفراد المصابين بداء السكري من النوع الثاني واعتلال الكلية. طرق البحث: تم تسجيل المراجعة المنهجية في قاعدة بيانات ''بروسبيرو''، وتم البحث في قواعد البيانات التالية: ميدلاين، وسكوبس، وشبكة العلوم، وسيناهل، وبروكويست، وكوكران. من بين 1734 سجل وجدت فقط أربع تجارب معشاة ذات شواهد، وتم تضمينها في التوليف النوعي والكمي بعد فحص أهلية الدراسة في مرحلة العنوان والملخص والنص الكامل. النتائج: تضمنت المراجعة ما مجموعه 203 شخصا (103 في مجموعة التدخل و 100 في المجموعة الضابطة / القياسية) مصابين باعتلال الكلية السكري من النوع 2 أو مرض الكلى المزمن في المراحل 2 و 3 و 4. استخدمت ثلاث من الدراسات الأربع مبدأ ''فيت'' (التكرار، والشدة، والوقت، والنوع) في تدريب التمرينات والوصفات الطبية. تلقت مجموعة التدخل تمارين هوائية ومقاومة، منزلية، خاضعة للإشراف، ومنظمة. أظهر التحليل التلوي عدم وجود تأثير للتمرين على كرياتينين المصل، وسيستاتين المصل، ومعادلة الكرياتينين، ومعادلة سيستاتين، ومعادلة الكرياتينين-سيستاتين. ومع ذلك ، فقد أدت التمارين الرياضية إلى خفض نسبة الألبومين البولي إلى نسبة الكرياتينين، ونسبة البروتين البولي إلى نسبة الكرياتينين، ونتروجين اليوريا في الدم، وإزالة الكرياتينين، وإفراز البروتين في البول مع زيادة تصفية اليوريا. الاستنتاجات: هناك دليل محدودة على دور التمارين في وقاية الكلى وتغيير معايير وظائف الكلى بين مرضى السكري من النوع الثاني المصابين باعتلال الكلية. Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy causes cardiovascular complications among individuals with diabetes which results in decreased kidney function and overall physical decline. The objective of this systematic review was to determine effects of exercise on various renal function parameters amond individuals with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. It was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020198754). Total 6 databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Cochrane) were searched. Among 1734 records, only four randomized controlled trials were included. The review included a total of 203 participants (103 in the intervention group and 100 in the control/standard group) with type 2 diabetic nephropathy or stage 2,3, or 4 of chronic kidney disease. The meta-analysis showed no effects of exercise on serum creatinine, serum cystatin c and varied eGFR equations. However, exercise decreased urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, urinary protein to creatinine ratio, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine clearance, and urinary protein excretion while increasing urea clearance. Limited evidence on the reno-protective role of exercise demands future research in this direction.