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Introduction and objective: Facial trauma is a common reason for consultation and, although the presence of associated fractures is rare, it is sometimes necessary to perform imaging tests to help rule them out. The intimate relationship between the temporomandibular joint and the tympanic portion of the temporal bone explains that certain mandibular traumas are accompanied by fracture of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone. Description: We present the case of a 79-year-old male patient who, after suffering facial trauma, underwent a computed tomography scan that showed a fracture of the tympanic portion of the left temporal bone with ipsilateral parapharyngeal emphysema. Discussion: This type of fracture usually occurs in the context of mandibular trauma, in which the mandibular condyle impacts the anterior wall of the external auditory canal. Performing a computed tomography scan is essential for its diagnosis, and air can be observed around the temporomandibular joint and very rarely parapharyngeal emphysema. In the cases described in the literature, the attitude acquired in this type of situation is expectant. Conclusions: The complication of the fracture of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone in the form of parapharyngeal emphysema is very rare. However, despite its low incidence, in mandibular trauma the possible existence of associated fractures and their complications must be taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective: To carry out a systematic review on the appearance of parapharyngeal emphysema as a complication of the fracture of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone after mandibular trauma. Method: A bibliographic review is carried out on this rare complication in the electronic databases PubMED, Web of Science and Cochrane. Results: The initial search offered a total of 31 results. Eight articles are selected by reading the title and abstract for full-text analysis and 6 of them are discarded according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 2 articles with published cases of parapharyngeal emphysema are included in the review and a new article published in this journal is incorporated. A total of 3 cases with a diagnosis of parapharyngeal emphysema secondary to fracture of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone are reviewed (2 men and 1 woman), aged between 36 and 79 years. The most frequent finding was otorrhagia (100% of cases), and management in all cases was conservative, with no long-term complications reported. Discussion: There are a series of factors that can favor this type of fractures and, therefore, the appearance of the complication in the form of parapharyngeal emphysema. Otorrhagia, hearing loss, stenosis of the external auditory canal or limitation of mouth opening are the most common findings. For its diagnosis, the use of computed tomography is important and its management is usually conservative. Conclusions: The high frequency of mandibular trauma and the little clinical impact that the fracture of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone may have suggests that there is an underdiagnosis of this type of fractures and, therefore, of its complication in the form of parapharyngeal emphysema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Anterior teeth have a predominant function in the stomatognatic system, essential for the aesthetics, phonation and mastication. Objective: To characterize adults with anterior guide of dysfunctional dental occlusion according to clinical and epidemiological variables. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study, was carried out from October, 2021 to April, 2022, in the 3 de Octubre Teaching Stomatological Clinic from Las Tunas. The universe was formed by 825 medical records that contained the diagnosis of patients with bruxism, traumatic occlusion and temporomandibular disorders who presented anterior guide of the dysfunctional dental occlusion. By means of the intentional non probabilistic sampling, a sample of 615 with entire dental formula or class III partial toothlessness of Kennedy and concluded stomatologic care or inactivation of the cavity and acute inflammatory processes was selected. Results: There was a prevalence of the female sex (54.8%) and the 40-49 age group (33.5%). Bruxism prevailed as clinical diagnosis (41.9%) with prevalence of the corresponding to sleep (39.1%), secondary (51.2%), probable (59.7%) and moderate (69.4%); among the most outstanding classifications was the dysfunctional stomatognatic system (84.4%). The predominant dental clinical manifestations were the wear facets (87.5%). Conclusions: The characterization of patients with anterior guide of the dysfunctional dental occlusion allows to establish an up-to-date panoramic of this health problem, for a better follow-up and treatment to these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective. The free fibula flap is currently considered the gold standard for mandibular reconstruction, since it provides an adequate amount of bone tissue which can be modeled through osteotomies, as well as a vascular pedicle of adequate length and caliber; however, long-term side effects are rarely reported. The objective of our work is to describe the radiological findings found in the temporomandibular joint of a series of 5 patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction with a free fibula flap, as well as to analyze the factors that influence these modifications, with the aim of preventing deleterious changes to this structure Methods. Retrospective and descriptive review of clinical records and comparative assessment of pre- and post-operative tomographic studies of patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction with a microvascularized fibula flap between 2014 to 2022. The data review included general characteristics of the patient, assessment of functional results, tomographic changes in the temporomandibular joint and symptoms associated with these changes. Results. A total of 5 patients were included, 4 women and 1 man, 4 of them were in their third years of life at the time of their surgical intervention. All patients showed greater or lesser extent tomographic changes in the temporomandibular joints, and 4 of them occasionally reported one or more of the following symptoms: painful jaw movement, headache, cervical pain or stiffness, clicking or grinding noises within the temporomandibular joint. Conclusions. In our series, the tomographic changes in the temporomandibular joint of patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction with free fibula flaps are evidence of incipient damage that, if left untreated, can progress to generate chronic pain and functional disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temporomandibularjoint dysfunction interferes with the quality of life and activities of daily living among patients. The symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction, including pain and clicking and popping sounds, are worsened during stressful events, and patients report increased pain around the temporomandibular joint. Stress-related behaviors, such as teeth clenching and teeth grinding, are commonly reported as increasing during stress. The prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction and stress-related behaviors is reported differently in the literature. Stress in higher education is common. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and stress-related behaviors among staff members at a local University. The study also sought to explore pain patterns described by people experiencing temporomandibular joint dysfunction and the relationship between stress-related behaviors and pain symptoms experienced. Further, the impact of stress on symptoms experienced by people with temporomandibular dysfunction was investigated in this pilot study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Religación: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades is the property of Religacion: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Anterior teeth have a predominant function in the stomatognatic system, essential for the aesthetics, phonation and mastication. Objective: To characterize adults with anterior guide of dysfunctional dental occlusion according to clinical and epidemiological variables. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study, was carried out from October, 2021 to April, 2022, in the 3 de Octubre Teaching Stomatological Clinic from Las Tunas. The universe was formed by 825 medical records that contained the diagnosis of patients with bruxism, traumatic occlusion and temporomandibular disorders who presented anterior guide of the dysfunctional dental occlusion. By means of the intentional non probabilistic sampling, a sample of 615 with entire dental formula or class III partial toothlessness of Kennedy and concluded stomatologic care or inactivation of the cavity and acute inflammatory processes was selected. Results: There was a prevalence of the female sex (54.8%) and the 40-49 age group (33.5%). Bruxism prevailed as clinical diagnosis (41.9%) with prevalence of the corresponding to sleep (39.1%), secondary (51.2%), probable (59.7%) and moderate (69.4%); among the most outstanding classifications was the dysfunctional stomatognatic system (84.4%). The predominant dental clinical manifestations were the wear facets (87.5%). Conclusions: The characterization of patients with anterior guide of the dysfunctional dental occlusion allows to establish an up-to-date panoramic of this health problem, for a better follow-up and treatment to these patients.

Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has important functions for life; its proper functioning can be altered by temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The symptomatology of TMD is varied, including pain in the masticatory muscles, joint noises and less frequently some patients report auditory symptoms, suggesting the existence of a relationship between the TMJ and the middle ear; however, this relationship is not clear. Consequently, the present study aims to conduct a literature review to identify the known, unknown and controversial aspects of the relationship between TMJ and the middle ear in children and fetuses. A literature search was performed in databases using Boolean operators (AND/ OR) and key terms in English and Spanish. A total of 1080 articles were initially identified; duplicate articles were eliminated and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Finally, a total of 14 articles were selected and reviewed in full text. The studies found focus on the histoembryological development of the TMJ and how that development occurs in conjunction with the middle ear components. Additionally, research on the origin, morphology, and function of the discomalleolar ligament, sphenomandibular ligament, and petrotympanic fissure as structures connecting the TMJ and middle ear was identified, but the results have been controversial. It is concluded that further studies are necessary to determine any anatomical and physiological relationship that may exist between the TMJ and the auditory system in fetuses and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects the center responsible for controlling muscle movement. There is currently no known cure for ALS, however there are two medications available that help slow its progress. To improve the quality of life of patients, multidisciplinary work must be carried out, where the dentist has an essential role in the management of oral health, as well as in the treatment of craniomandibular dysfunction and orofacial pain associated with the disease. A simple and effective action protocol must be established so that caregivers or family members can help in the treatment of the craniocervical region. It is proposed to carry out an action protocol based on massages, exercises and self-care to achieve an improvement in the quality of life of patients. Especially, in reducing pain, and improving masticatory and phonatory function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

One of the most important minimally invasive treatments today in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is the intra-articular exogenous hyaluronic acid (HA) injection, which has yielded good results in pain relief and improves mandibular function with few side effects. However, the effectiveness of HA continues to be controversial, partly due to the heterogeneity in the injection protocols in their molecular weight, viscosity and frequency of infiltration, among other properties. The aim of this review is to identify the differences in the histological and clinical effects of the different types of HA and the frequency of infiltration on TMJ-OA treatment. Materials and methods: A bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The search was limited up to September 2022. Search terms included "osteoarthritis", "hyaluronic acid, "molecular weight", "concentration", "viscosity", "dose" and "temporomandibular", using AND/OR as Boolean terms. Results: Exogenous HA in its different molecular weights offers an improvement in histological and clinical characteristics. Apparently, low and medium molecular weight HA presents better results. No clinical studies related to the degree of HA viscosity were found. Respect to the frequency of infiltration, single injection, weekly injections for 3 weeks, weekly injections for 5 weeks and other protocols are used. However, their comparison is complex. There seems to be differences in the effects of the different HA preparations for the treatment of TMJ-OA, mainly in their molecular weight. However, the evidence remains scant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: incorporar aspectos funcionales y el estudio de las articulaciones temporomandibulares al ámbito ortodóncico exige del examen inicial de las mismas y, a partir de esa posición en relación céntrica, realizar diagnóstico y planificar el tratamiento ortodóncico. Objetivo: determinar la posible asociación entre deslizamientos de relación céntrica a posición de máxima intercuspidación con la edad e identificar cambios de las variables oclusales como consecuencia del deslizamiento. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo y correlacional en el período comprendido de octubre de 2018 a octubre de 2019 en la Clínica “Victoria de Santa Clara”. Se conformó una muestra intencionada, no probabilística, de 30 jóvenes entre 15 y 19 años de edad, con dentición permanente completa y deslizamiento anormal de relación céntrica a posición de máxima intercuspidación. Se examinaron variables oclusales: resaltes, sobrepases, relación de molares y de caninos y líneas medias dentarias. Resultados: la media de la magnitud del deslizamiento anterior entre la relación céntrica y la posición de máxima intercuspidación mostró un valor de 1,53 mm en adolescentes de 15 años de edad, mientras que en el deslizamiento lateral la distribución se comportó de manera homogénea. Con magnitud de 1 mm o más los tres valores medios de resaltes se diferenciaron significativamente, con p

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders in adolescents can be caused by parafunctional habits that probably lead to different manifestations in the stomatognathic system՚ s components. Objective: To characterize the adolescents with temporomandibular disorders and parafunctional habits according to epidemiologic and clinical variables. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 74 adolescents (15- 18 years) from Antonio Alomá Serrano Senior High School, belonging to the health area of José Martí University Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba, was carried out from November, 2021 to March, 2022. Results: It was found that 88.1% of the members in the series presented light alterations, 11.9% presented moderate changes and 20.3% didn't have any changes. Of the 59 patients with temporomandibular disorders, 74.6% were women, with prevalence of the light alterations (76.9%). The habit referred with more frequency was nail biting (50.8%), followed by cheilophagia (47.5%). Of the adolescents that presented bruxism, 71.4% showed a moderate dysfunction; however, in those with light dysfunction the practice of nail biting prevailed (53.8%). Conclusions: Most of the adolescents with more than one parafunctional habit presented temporomandibular disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista del Centro de Investigación Flamenco Telethusa is the property of Centro de Investigacion Flamenco Telethusa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders in adolescents can be caused by parafunctional habits that probably lead to different manifestations in the stomatognathic system՚s components. Objective: To characterize the adolescents with temporomandibular disorders and parafunctional habits according to epidemiologic and clinical variables. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 74 adolescents (15-18 years) from Antonio Alomá Serrano Senior High School, belonging to the health area of José Martí University Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba, was carried out from November, 2021 to March, 2022. Results: It was found that 88.1% of the members in the series presented light alterations, 11.9% presented moderate changes and 20.3% didn't have any changes. Of the 59 patients with temporomandibular disorders, 74.6% were women, with prevalence of the light alterations (76.9%). The habit referred with more frequency was nail biting (50.8%), followed by cheilophagia (47.5%). Of the adolescents that presented bruxism, 71.4% showed a moderate dysfunction; however, in those with light dysfunction the practice of nail biting prevailed (53.8%). Conclusions: Most of the adolescents with more than one parafunctional habit presented temporomandibular disorders.

La articulación temporomandibular es la articulación bisagra que permite la apertura y cierre de la boca. Debido a las exigencias físicas y psíquicas de la ATM en músicos de viento, violinistas, violistas, cantantes y cantaores, estos profesionales sufren trastornos temporomandibulares en un 80% de los casos, muy por encima de la población normal. El objetivo de este artículo es recopilar información sobre esta problemática, para encontrar medidas preventivas y tratamientos que eviten el cese de la actividad profesional de estos músicos. Derivado de su práctica, los músicos de viento metal pueden llegar a sufrir maloclusiones, los violinistas y violistas luxaciones de la ATM y dolor articular, y los cantantes y cantaores disfunción o ruidos en la articulación. Ya que no pueden cesar su actividad musical, existen medidas preventivas para estas lesiones entre las que destacan las técnicas de relajación, la disminución del estrés y el calentamiento de los músculos de la cara, el cuello y la voz. Una vez que se ha producido la patología existen tratamientos, de abordaje multidisciplinar, siendo los más comunes la manipulación de la articulación por un fisioterapeuta, la farmacología antiinflamatoria, el frío local y la férula de descarga, existiendo también la posibilidad de cirugía. Pero lo más importante es crear conciencia en los músicos de tener una buena salud dento-facial.

Background: Sleep bruxism (SB) is an oromandibular activity with teeth grinding and clenching and a masticatory muscle activity. It generates temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD), tooth wear and mobility, as well as other clinical findings. It is important to analyze occlusion and TMJ to determine how it is affected by the biomechanical load generated by bruxism. Purpose: To establish the relationship between the condylar position of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with the dental wear patterns determined with the BruxChecker®, in subjects with a clinical diagnosis of sleep bruxism. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study in 45 patients with clinical diagnosis of sleep bruxism, according to the bruxism diagnostic criteria of the AASM (American Academy of Sleep Medicine), with an average age of 34.9 ± 8.6. The CBCT were analyzed, measuring the spaces of the TMJ in the sagittal plane: anterior, superior and posterior (SA, SS, SP) and in the coronal plane: lateral, superior and medial (Cl, CS, CM). The pattern of dental wear was classified with the BruxChecker® by dividing the subjects into: Group 1, canine pattern (CP) with 19 subjects and Group 2, molar pattern (MP) with 26 subjects. Results: No significant differences were observed between the measurements of the joint spaces of each group nor in the comparison between the PC vs PM patterns. The sagittal position of the condyle posterior/anterior(P/A) was posterior and the coronal medial/lateral (M/L) was medial for the two groups, when evaluating the ratios. Significant difference (P <0.00) was found in right pattern CP and MP, when estimating the difference between averages of medial and lateral spaces. Conclusions: The position of the condyle was found posterior and medial in the articular fossa, in the right CP and in the left MP. A significant right lateral condyle position was evidenced in PC and PM. These findings indicate an altered condylar position in subjects with bruxism, which can be associated with joint distraction, possibly generated by constant eccentric mandibular movements during bruxism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorder is a complex disease requiring multimodal treatment and often a delayed diagnosis. Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of simultaneously recording joint sounds while obtaining 3-tesla cine-magnetic resonance imaging (3T cine-MRI) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A secondary objective pertains to optimization of a dynamic TMJ imaging protocol to maximize image quality and speed while maintaining synchronicity. Methods: Investigators enrolled four subjects (August 2018 to August 2019) eliciting audible joint sounds during continuous open-close jaw movements during clinical evaluation at the New York University College of Dentistry. A contact fiber-optic microphone (OptiRhythm 4130, Optoacoustics, Yehuda Israel) was utilized to record joint sounds elicited with functional movements during MR dynamic imaging at NYU Langone Health and all data was recorded appropriately. Results: Results of this feasibility study demonstrate the successful integration of audio and 3-Tesla MR imaging for the TMJ in all subjects. This protocol was shown to be well-tolerated by the subjects. A precise correlation of the movement of TMJ structures within cine-MRI images and with audible observations was achieved and assessed by an experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon and an experienced radiologist. Conclusion: This protocol for simultaneous audio/cine-MRI is a viable tool for studying TMJ health and disease. In future studies, we anticipate this protocol will ultimately refine our understanding of TMJ sounds and their relation to anatomy, physiology, and pathology. In addition, we hope to establish a diagnostic aid to guide surgical and non-surgical decision-making more precisely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A wide range of functional devices allow stimulating mandibular growth in class II patients, through mandibular advancement; managing to correct this type of skeletal and occlusal disharmony. Fixed repositioning appliances apply constant forces to the TMJ and may cause remodeling of the articular condyle and glenoid fossa. Computed tomography (CT) has been the gold standard for imaging the bone and hard tissues of the TMJ, but today cone beam computed tomography (HCCT) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MRI) are used, because of their low and zero levels, respectively, of radiation. Objective: to measure morphological changes through TMJ imaging evaluation after correction of class II malocclusion with functional treatment with appliances in growing patients Methods: a comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted from January 2015 to May 2023 in the following bibliographic databases PubMed, EBSCO, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Results: 10 studies were selected. The total sample size was 210 patients, and the age range was 10.3 to 14 years. The main imaging method used was HCCT with n = 9. Conclusions: The main change described is condylar remodeling, followed by morphological adaptation of the fossa. Although no significant differences have been reported in morphological changes in the TMJ between fixed versus removable functional appliances, fixed appliances cause a higher incidence of morphological changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universidad Médica Pinareña is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: incorporating functional aspects and the study of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) to the orthodontic field, requires an initial examination of the TMJ, and from that position in centric relation (CR), make a diagnosis and plan the orthodontic treatment. Objective: to determine the possible association between slides from CR to the position of maximum intercuspation (PMI) with age, and to identify changes in occlusal variables as a consequence of the slide. Methods: a descriptive and correlational cross-sectional study was carried out, in the period from October 2018 to October 2019, at the Victoria de Santa Clara Teaching Clinic of Stomatological Specialties. An intentional, non-probabilistic sample of 30 young people between 15 and 19 years of age, with complete permanent dentition and abnormal sliding from RC to PMI, was formed. Occlusal variables were examined: projections, overhangs, relationship of molars and canines, dental midlines. Results: the mean of the magnitude of the anterior slip between CR and PMI showed a value of 1.53mm, highlighting adolescents of 15 years of age; while in the lateral slide the distribution behaved homogeneously. With a magnitude of 1 mm or more, the three mean values of overjets differed significantly, with p<0.05 in incisors and p<0.10 in canines. The right molar ratio changed significantly between CR and PMI, with p=0.046. Conclusions: the discrepancy between CR and PMI was not associated with age. Changes in occlusal variables confirm the importance of performing a correct occlusal examination for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Oral y Maxilofacial (SECOM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: the temporomandibular disorders constitute an important health problem in Cuba. Today, it´s well known that the psychosocial factors play an important role in it, especially, with regard to pain adaptation and recovery. Objective: identification of the relationship between temporomandibular disorders and different levels of anxiety in patients belonging to the Family Medical Clinic No. 10 located at the Northern Area of the Sancti Spíritus province, Cuba, during the period January 2019 to January 2020. Methods: an analytical observational study of case-control type was carried out. The population was comprised of 109 patients. The sample consisted of 80 patients distributed in 40 cases and 40 controls. The variables studied were at following: age, sex, temporomandibular disorders, signs and symptoms, anxiety. Temporomandibular disorders were diagnosed through the Helkimo Index and anxiety through the application of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The Chi-squared statistical association test was applied. Results: female patients were predominant (55%) and 51.25% were in the age range of 40-59 years. The most frequent signs and symptoms in patients with temporomandibular disorders were pain in the temporomandibular joints and in muscles of mastication for 85 % and 80 %, respectively. Most of the cases (52.5 %) presented high levels of anxiety. Conclusions: the different levels of anxiety predisposed to the origin and maintenance of temporomandibular disorders in all the patients studied.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the joint between the mandibular condyles, the mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone. TMJ has been described as a "bicondylar" joint, a term that in current literature is used in multiple and dissimilar contexts. We present a scoping review of the term "bicondylar" as a descriptive term for TMJ in the scientific literature of the last 5 years. After selection according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 24 articles were selected for further analysis. The countries with the most publications were Brazil, India and Turkey with 3 articles each. Seven articles (29.17 %) were published by Spanish-speaking authors, six of these written in Spanish. Regarding the use of the term "bicondylar", 50 % of the articles referred to this term but did not explain it; 25 % cited this term to refer to the location in the left and right mandibular condyles; and 25 % the articles use the term and explain it according to the morphology of the articular surfaces. Discrepancies were also detected regarding as to how to consider TMJ: 54.17 % considered that TMJ is a single joint between a single bone (the jaw) and two bones of the cranium, while 45.83 % considered that TMJ are actually two different TMJs that work at the same time. We suggest discussing the appropriate use of the term "bicondylar" to avoid confusion and to be able to adapt and satisfy the needs of both anatomists and clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: premolar extraction is an alternative for the treatment of class II malocclusion. A change in biomechanics can generate alterations in the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ), which produces greater dental wear and the appearance of joint dysfunctions. The objective was to assess the effort concentration in the TMJ by means of finite element analysis in class II malocclusions treated with premolar extraction and orthodontics. Method: two 3D simulation models each with bone structures of the 2 jaws, complete dentition and disc in the TMJ. One corresponds to the patient without recurrence (WR) treated with extraction of first premolars and orthodontics, where class I dental stability is maintained. The other model with recurrence (R) treated with extraction of first premolars and orthodontics, increased overjet and overbite and canine class II; the load was applied to the mandibular ramus. Results: loads of 900N triplicated on all structures compared to 300N in both models. However, there were considerable differences between the left and right glenoid cavities in the WR model, at 300N of 19.9 MPa and 900N at 59.3 MPa. Most tensions of the disc occur in the lateral part. Conclusions: due to the asymmetry in the TMJ structures, the stresses and stress concentration differ between the right and left sides in the two models.

El síndrome de dolor miofascial en la ATM es uno de los trastornos más comunes, pero a la vez confusos para el paciente ya que en un principio no se manifiesta dolor en el ATM, este síndrome va más allá debido a que involucra a la parte psicológica como uno de sus desencadenantes. Objetivo: Describir las características del síndrome de dolor miofascial en relación a los trastornos temporomandibulares. Este síndrome debe ser diagnosticado para evitar consecuencias que podrían afectar al ser que la padece, no solamente en la parte física, sino que también en la parte psicológica porque el dolor crónico provoca un desequilibrio en la parte emocional de la persona. Materiales y Métodos: La metodología usada para elaborar este artículo fue la recopilación de información de distintas fuentes bibliográficas actualizadas como libros y revistas científicas. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de las prevalencias, etiología, manifestaciones clínicas que provoca este síndrome en relación a los trastornos temporomandibulares. Así también se establecen los distintos tratamientos para este síndrome y lograr la recuperación de la persona. Conclusión: El dolor miofascial provoca dolor en distintas zonas del sistema estomatognático, sin embargo, la más común es a nivel de la ATM, por lo que es recomendable realizar un diagnóstico a tiempo por parte del odontólogo para evitar que el paciente sufra de dolor por medio de los diferentes tratamientos disponibles.

Introduction: Moyers class III syndrome is characterized by discrepancy in arch length, skeletal problems, muscle dysfunction, dental problems, and the patient's facial profile. In the national and international literature there is no evidence of the efficacy of treatment with twin blocks of Moyers class III syndrome.Objective: to evaluate treatment with twin blocks in patients with Moyers class III syndrome.Method: a quasi-experimental intervention study was carried out before and after without a control group, at the Manuel Cedeño University Clinic of Stomatological Specialties, in the period from January 2018 to March 2021. The sample was 93 patients. The variables studied were the occlusion relationship, the skull-mandibular skeletal relationship and the temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Class III twin blocks were placed in all patients.Results: with the use of twin blocks, significant changes were obtained in the molar ratio (-7,030 ± 0,7287 mm) and the overhang (2,213 ± 1,6074 mm); the skull-mandibular skeletal relationship was improved (2,659° ± 1,8696°); the function of the temporomandibular joint was found to be without symptoms and mild in 64,86 % and 57,14 % respectively, after treatment.Conclusions: with the use of twin blocks, the relationship between dental occlusion and cranio-mandibular skeletal class III is corrected, in addition to being an orthopedic-functional option that improves temporomandibular joint dysfunction in patients with Moyers class III syndrome.

Introduction: dental occlusion was accepted as one of the main etiological factors of dysfunctional disorders. Understanding occlusion in its anatomical and functional context allows for more accurate diagnoses and directs therapeutic procedures for alterations caused by occlusal disharmony. Comorbidity between malocclusion and temporomandibular dysfunction in Angolan patients is not recorded in the reviewed literature. Objective: to identify the degree of temporomandibular dysfunction in Angolan patients with malocclusion. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out in 26 patients with malocclusion, treated at the orthodontic consultation of the Meditex-Alvalade Dental Clinic, in Luanda, Angola, between August and December 2021. The following variables were used: degree of temporomandibular dysfunction, age, sex and molar ratio. Maglione index was applied. Results: 73,07 % of the patients showed temporomandibular dysfunction; 50,00 % of the patients aged 19-35 years presented mild temporomandibular dysfunction as well as 41,17 % of the female patients; most of the patients presented class II molar relationship, of which 64,28 % showed mild dysfunction. Conclusions: Angolan patients with malocclusion were characterized by mild temporomandibular dysfunction, mainly in the ages between 19-35 years and female; the class II molar relationship was the most representative.

Introduction: A temporomandibular disorder is a group of musculoskeletal conditions that affect the temporomandibular joint, the mastication muscles and the adjacent anatomical structures. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the physical therapies in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. Methods: A therapeutic intervention was carried out in Mártires del Moncada Teaching Provincial Stomatological Clinic from Santiago de Cuba, from June, 2016 to February, 2020. The sample was formed by 264 patients distributed in 4 groups with 66 members each one, to whom different physical therapies were applied, such as ultrasound, laser therapy, magnetotherapy and technique of transcutaneous electric stimulation, respectively. The following variables were analyzed: age, grade of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint and therapeutic effectiveness. The percentage as summary measure and the chi-squared test were used with a significance level of 0.05. Results: There was a prevalence of the female sex in all the therapies applied with more than 75.0 % and the 40 - 49 age group. When concluding the treatment it was observed that in the groups where ultrasound, laser and magneto was used, the response was effective in more than 90.0 % of the patients, with primacy of the first one (96.6 %); however, in the group where the technique of transcutaneous electric stimulation was used it was just achieved in 89.4 % of the affected patients. Conclusions: The ultrasonotherapy was more effective in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders.

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Copyright of Revista Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Oral y Maxilofacial (SECOM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Oral y Maxilofacial (SECOM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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La infección del cóndilo mandibular, artritis séptica, es una enfermedad caracterizada por dolor, fiebre, edema y disminución funcional de la articulación temporomandibular. Predomina en hombres adultos y su etiología incluye distintos factores: enfermedades sistémicas, autoinmunes, trauma local y diseminación de infecciones en la región de cabeza y cuello. Se presenta un caso clínico de artritis séptica en articulación temporomandibular como complicación de una celulitis facial infecciosa. El tratamiento consistió en antibioterapia y artrocentesis seriadas con el objetivo de realizar un aseo intraarticular, acompañado de la movilización temprana de la articulación, idealmente con el apoyo de un equipo de kinesiología. Además, son muy importantes los controles periódicos y de larga data para poder obtener un mejor resultado clínico en el paciente, controlar en el largo plazo, minimizando los riesgos de presentar disminución en la dinámica mandibular y/o anquilosis de la articulación.

Introducción: Los trastornos temporomandibulares constituyen un conjunto de condiciones musculoesqueléticas que afectan la articulación temporomandibular, los músculos de la masticación y las estructuras anatómicas adyacentes. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la magnetoterapia en pacientes con trastornos de la articulación temporomandibular. Métodos: Se realizó una intervención terapéutica en la Clínica Estomatológica Provincial Docente Mártires del Moncada de Santiago de Cuba, desde junio de 2016 hasta febrero de 2019. La muestra quedó constituida por 132 pacientes distribuidos en 2 grupos: A (de estudio) y B (de control), quienes recibieron tratamientos con magneto (N=66) y convencional, respectivamente. Se analizaron variables, tales como sexo, edad, grado de trastorno de la articulación temporomandibular y efectividad terapéutica. Se empleó el porcentaje como medida de resumen y el estadígrafo de Ji al cuadrado con un nivel de significación de 0,05. Resultados: Predominaron el sexo femenino (69,7 %) y el grupo etario de 40 - 49 años (51,5 %). Al finalizar el tratamiento se observó que en el grupo A la respuesta fue efectiva en más de 90,0 % de los pacientes; sin embargo, en el grupo B solo se logró en un poco más de 70,0 %. Conclusiones: La magnetoterapia resultó efectiva en pacientes con trastornos de la articulación temporomandibular.

Los trastornos mandibulares son alteraciones asociadas al dolor y disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), a los músculos de la masticación, a la limitación del movimiento mandibular y a la presencia de un clic articular. Entre estos trastornos se puede encontrar la hipomovilidad mandibular la cual se caracteriza por la incapacidad del paciente de abrir la boca con una amplitud normal. La hipomovilidad asociada a la contractura muscular tiene como tratamiento de primera opción el estiramiento pasivo, en esta técnica el paciente tiene que abrir la boca hasta el límite máximo, este movimiento debe ser realizado durante 5 o 6 veces al día. Este reporte de caso describe una paciente de 46 años de edad con hipomovilidad mandibular por contractura muscular, se describe la sintomatología, la evaluación clínica y el tratamiento propuesto. La evolución fue favorable; en un seguimiento de 5 semanas se logró el objetivo propuesto.

The temporomandibular joint is a double and symmetrical structure, whit a complex range of movements. Condylar morphology can vary depending on sex, age, among other factors. 100 cone beam computed tomography scans (50 men and 50 women) divided into 4 groups were analyzed. Significant differences were identified between the flattened vs oval forms on the condyle and, in turn a difference was found between the right vs left sides between men and women. Cone beam computed tomography analysis has acceptable accuracy for the diagnosis of TMJ bone abnormalities, articular components, cortical bone integrity and subcortical bone abnormalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Ciencias de la Salud is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: los trastornos temporomandibulares son disfuciones en los músculos masticadores o en la articulación temporomandibular con síntomas y signos complejos y variados que influyen negativamente en la calidad de vida. La evidencia científica es ambigua al querer relacionar la postura corporal con la presencia o ausencia de esta alteración. El objetivo es determinar la relación entre la postura de las cinturas escapular y pelviana y la convergencia ocular con los trastornos temporomandibulares. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una investigación observacional, correlacional, prospectiva, transversal. La población estaba constituida por 146 pacientes de 18 a 47 años que acudieron al servicio de odontología del Hospital Honorio Delgado Espinoza y que cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. Se empleó el índice de Helkimo modificado por Maglione para la evaluación de los trastornos temporomandibulares, y para la postura de las cinturas escapular y pelviana y la convergencia ocular se empleó el protocolo de evaluación clínica del Dr. Dupas de la Universidad de Lille. Resultados: 91.1% presentaron trastornos temporomandibulares; 86.3%, disfunción leve; 4.8 %, disfunción moderada, con un predominio femenino, en un 67.8 %. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron desviación mandibular, ruidos articulares y limitación de movimiento mandibular moderado. La relación entre la no alineación de las cinturas escapular y pelviana con los trastornos temporomandibulares fue altamente significativa y no se encontró relación con la convergencia ocular. Conclusiones: se evidenció una relación estadística altamente significativa entre los trastornos temporomandibulares y la postura alterada de las cinturas señaladas. No se encontró relación con la hipoconvergencia ocular.

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Introducción: la articulación temporomandibular es una de las estructuras craneofaciales más complejas, mantiene una íntima relación con el sistema neuromuscular, tónico postural y la oclusión dentaria. Objetivo: identificar las dimensiones verticales del tercio inferior de la cara y los disturbios temporomandibulares, esbozar las necesidades asistenciales. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y observacional en el período comprendido de enero del 2017 a febrero 2018, en la Clínica Estomatológica Docente “Antonio Briones Montoto”. El universo estuvo constituido por 803 estudiantes de las secundarias básicas del área de salud próxima al centro, quedó constituida por 256 escolares. Se utilizó el método clínico a través del interrogatorio y el examen físico. Resultados: el 14,8 % de los escolares examinados presentó proporción facial, un 33,9 % presentó disminución del tercio inferior y un 51,1 % el tercio inferior aumentado, prevalecieron los adolescentes con disturbios temporomandibulares para un 52,3 % predominando el tercio inferior de la cara aumentado, asociado a esta alteración, el Síndrome de clase I de Moyers se presentó en un 24,2 % y el Síndrome clase II de Moyers en un 18,3 %, relacionado a los disturbios de la articulación temporomandibular, el tratamiento correctivo fue la mayor necesidad para un 47,4 %. Conclusiones: el tercio inferior aumentado fue la mayor alteración determinada, al presentar una relación estadísticamente significativa con los disturbios de la articulación temporomandibular independientemente del sexo, el síndrome de clase I de Moyers predominó y el tratamiento ortodóncico correctivo fue la mayor necesidad asistencial.

Los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) en pacientes pediátricos se han estudiado poco. Realizar un diagnóstico oportuno, hace que exista mayor interés por parte de los investigadores para orientar a los odontólogos. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la presencia de trastornos temporomandibulares registrados en las historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en la clínica de Odontopediatría de la Universidad del Valle. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal para evaluar presencia de trastornos temporomandibulares en pacientes, en edades entre 4 a 14 años, que asistieron a las clínicas de Odontopediatría de la Universidad del Valle (Cali-Colombia), durante 2013 y 2016. Se revisaron, 712 historias; 56% de sexo masculino y 44% de sexo femenino. El 18,11% reportaron la presencia de al menos. Los signos y síntomas asociados con los TTM, los más frecuentes fueron el click bilateral (36,4%), la desviación y deflexión mandibular (27,1%) y dolor a la palpación (24,0%). La subluxación (1,6%) y el chasquido articular en apertura (0,8%) fueron los de menor presencia. Se concluyó que los trastornos de la ATM cada vez son mayores, es importante, realizar investigaciones que involucren los factores de riesgo y/o desencadenantes, la intervención oportuna y el manejo multidisciplinario de esta alteración.

Introducción: los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) son una condición músculo esquelética dolorosa que afecta los músculos de la masticación, la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) y varias estructuras anatómicas del sistema estomatognático.Objetivo: comparar la calidad de vida; determinada con el instrumento OHIP 49-Mx, de adultos mayores con trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) vs. libres de TTM.Método: se realizó un estudio observacional analítico en la población de adultos mayores en una Unidad Gerontológica de Puebla, México. Se estableció el diagnóstico de TTM en las instalaciones; con los criterios diagnósticos para TTM propuesto por Dworkin y mejorados por Schiffman en el 2014 por investigadora previamente capacitada. Adicionalmente, se evaluó la calidad de vida (OHIP 49-Mx) por la misma investigadora. El manejo estadístico fue realizado con U de Mann-Whitney (contraste de medianas) con valor significativo ≤0.05, en el programa SPSSv.21. Resultados: se evaluaron 192 adultos mayores; 131 (68,2 %) con TTM; 84 % mujeres. Los pacientes con TTM, presentaron medianas superiores en la mayoría de las dimensiones del instrumento OHIP 49 Mx: limitación funcional Md=16 vs. 13, p=0,06; dolor Md=8,0 vs. 4,0 p=0.02; incomodidad psicológica Md=3 vs. 3, p=0,31; inhabilidad física Md=11 vs. 3, p≤0,00; inhabilidad psicológica Md=1 vs. 1; p=0,03; inhabilidad social, Md=0 vs. 0; p=0,90 e incapacidad Md=1 vs. 1, p=0,03.Conclusiones: los adultos mayores con TTM, denotaron una menor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal; específicamente en las dimensiones de limitación funcional, inhabilidad física, psicológica y dolor.