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Background: Infertility is one of the most stressful situations a couple can face.Anxiety, despair, tension, loss of self-esteem, guilt, and grief may be exacerbated by medical procedures in these couples. However, most occurrences of infertility may be related to a physiological cause in the male or woman, according to various research. Previous research has revealed that poor fertility period awareness among couples seeking help at infertility clinics may be a contributing cause of infertility.The real practises and attitudes regarding reproductive awareness in this group of patients are unknown, and they must be investigated. Aim: The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of a study on fertile period awareness, as well as their knowledge, attitude, and practise among infertile couples seeking fertility treatment. Design: This is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. The study lasted six months, from June to December 2017, and involved couples who visited the infertility clinic at Smt Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital in Pune. Results: A total of 246 out of 280 surveys were administered (response rate =87.8%). In their attempts at conception, 60% of individuals (n=147) believed they had timed intercourse within the fertile window of the menstrual cycle, but only 36% (n=52) could precisely identify this window. Although 23 percent of the participants in this trial (n=56) had previously received therapy, 50 percent were unaware of the fertile window. Due to various factors, only 15% (n=38) of the 246 couples were actually practising fertile period, and the majority of them were unaware of or did not rely on the notion of fertile period. Almost 94 % of them believed that they should receive fertility-awareness education when they first report trouble in conceiving to their doctor. Conclusion: Most couples seeking help at infertility clinics were unaware of the fertile window of the menstrual cycle, and only a few were able to precisely identify it, suggesting that a lack of fertility knowledge could be a contributing factor in infertility.

Background: COVID-19 disease is the pandemic caused by a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the coronavirus family known as 2019-nCoV (SARS-Co V). The disease is highly contagious and transmitted mainly by droplets or close contact. In this time of pandemic it is need of the hour to prevent more and more unwanted pregnancies. This study was to evaluate the contraceptive methods of choice which are easily available, cost effective and suitable to most of the patients during this terrible period of pandemic.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done from April 2020 to December 2020. Women coming to the OPD for contraceptive advice after medical termination of pregnancy and patients desiring postpartum contraception were included in the study. All data were collected from the OPD and IPD of our hospital. Different contraceptive methods available, their costs, hospital visits, complications, failure rate and reason for its discontinuation was analysed.Results: In this study 76.5% patients (n-459) accepted Inj. DMPA as compared to 10 % used Cu T and 13% used OC pills as a method of contraception. Inj DMPA is easily available, cost effective, has lesser side effects and need less hospital visits.Conclusions: DMPA should be made available as a first line method to all those who wishes to opt for reversible method of contraception. This study concludes, during the period of pandemic Inj DMPA was most preferred method of contraception.

Background: Antepartum haemorrhages are defined as bleeding from or into the genital tract after the period of viability untill delivery of the fetus. APH complicates 3-5% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of perinatal and maternal mortality worldwide. Objective of this study is to quantitate maternal morbidity, mortality and perinatal outcome in patients with APH at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Smt. Kashibai Navale medical college and general hospital, Pune. Patient information was obtained from the delivery records of 2018, 2019 and 2020. Patients presenting after the gestational age of 28 weeks with antepartum haemorrhage were included in the study.Results: Out of 100 cases of APH, abruptio placenta contributes to 60%, placenta previa to 37% and 3 cases were due to unknown cause. Overall maternal mortality was 3% and perinatal mortality was 23% in abruptio placentas compared to 13% in cases with placenta previa. Main cause of perinatal mortality was prematurity69%.Conclusions: Antepartum haemorrhage is one of the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. These cases should be deliverd at a centre with transfusion facility, NICU facility and by the obstetrician skilled in controlling intraoperative haemorrhage by stepwise devascularising sutures. Timely decision of uterine tamponade can also save few ceaserean hysterectomies.

Background: Infertility is one of the most distressful condition for a couple. Medical interventions may exacerbate anxiety, depression, stress, loss of self-esteem, guilt and grief in these couples. But many studies indicate that most cases of infertility can be attributed to a physiological cause in the man or woman. Previous research has suggested that poor fertility period awareness may be a contributing cause of infertility among couples seeking assistance at infertility clinics. The actual practices and attitudes towards fertility-awareness in this particular group of patients are unknown and need to be explored. The aim of the present study was to report the study of fertile period awareness and their knowledge, attitude and practice in the infertile couples seeking fertility assistanceMethods: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months from June to December 2017 in the couples attending the infertility clinic at Smt Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune.Results: Total 246 of 280 distributed questionnaires were completed (response rate =87.8%). Out of these 60% (n=147) believed they had timed intercourse within the fertile window of the menstrual cycle in their attempts at conception, but surprisingly only 36%(n=52) could accurately identify this window. In this study 23% (n=56) participants had already taken prior treatment but still 50% were ignorant about fertile window. It was shocking that among 246 only 15% (n=38) couples were actually practising fertile period due to some reasons and most of them did not know or rely upon the concept of fertile period. Almost 94% of them believed that they should receive fertility-awareness education when they first report trouble in conceiving to their doctor.Conclusions: Most couples seeking assistance at infertility clinics were unaware of the fertile window of the menstrual cycle and only few could accurately identify this window, suggesting that poor fertility awareness may be a contributing cause of infertility.

Background: Anaemia is the commonest medical disorder that contributes significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality, preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to anaemia because they have dual iron requirements both for their growth and growth of foetus. A high proportion of women in both industrialized and developing countries become anaemic during pregnancy. Intravenous iron therapy is safe convenient and effective than oral iron therapy in prevention of iron deficiency anaemia when compliance is the problem. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy, safety and acceptability of intravenous iron Vs oral iron in prevention of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy. The objective of the present research was to study the efficacy, safety and acceptability of oral iron (ferrous fumarate) versus intravenous iron (iron sucrose) for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy.Methods: It was a prospective comparative case control study without blinding including 400 registered antenatal women in SKNMC and GH, Narhe, Pune. Results were based on collection and analysis of data from samples within study population.Results: There was no significant difference in mean haemoglobin rise between oral group and IV group but there is significant difference between mean ferritin levels between oral group and IV group. In IV group ferritin levels at 36 weeks were almost 1.8 times more than oral group. Acceptability and convenience of IV iron was significantly more than oral iron.Conclusions: Intravenous iron therapy in the form of three divided doses, one in each trimester can be safely used in the antenatal woman as an alternative to prophylactic iron tablets for prevention of iron deficiency anaemia especially in women who are non-compliant or does not tolerate oral iron tablets.