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In the past few decades, the prevalence of allergic dermatoses in European countries, including the Russian Federation, has increased two to three times. The skin barrier plays an essential role in preventing the penetration of allergens and microbial agents into the human body. Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common, genetically determined skin diseases. The development of atopic dermatitis involves environmental factors that violate the skin barrier, as well as the genetic, immunological characteristics of the patient. In modern science, the issue of pathogenetic treatment of atopic dermatitis remains not fully resolved. The problem is compounded by the fact that this disease is multifactorial, with a predominance of IgE-mediated allergic reactions, although the level of IgE does not always correlate with the severity of atopic dermatitis. Currently, the development and implementation of genetically engineered drugs for the treatment of this pathology continues, one of these drugs is dupilumab. The article describes the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of severe continuously relapsing atopic dermatitis.

The creation of a dietary food product by growing shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) on a wood substrate enriched with three-chromium is relevant and scientifically substantiated. The antimicrobial activity of chromium citrate is not known from the literature, but it can be assumed that it inhibits the growth of microorganisms and in certain concentrations can be toxic to Lentinula edodes. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to determine the antimicrobial activity of chromium citrate solutions of different concentrations (antibacterial and fungicidal) against test cultures and to study the effect of these solutions on the growth of L. Edodes fungi. Trivalent chromium citrate solution, shiitake mushroom mycelium (Lentinulaedodes 3790, Mycelia, Belgium), museum reference strains of pathogenic staphylococcus (Staphylococcusaureus ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (Esherichiacoli ATCC 25922) and mold fungi (Aspergillusniger ATCC 16404), nutrient medium were used for research When determining the antimicrobial effect of a solution of chromium citrate at a concentration of 9.0 mg/l of chromium on test cultures of E. coli, S. aureus and A. niger, a bactericidal effect was established (100% for all tested strains). The bacteriostatic effect of the tested solutions of chromium citrate at a concentration of 6.0 mg/l was established for E. coli (72%), S.aureus (68%) and A. niger (62%). When studying the effect of chromium citrate solutions on E. coli ATCC 25922 in concentrations of 3.0 and 0.3 mg/l, it was established that the solutions did not exhibit antimicrobial properties, but, on the contrary, enhanced the growth of this culture. Chromium citrate solutions in the same concentrations (3.0 and 0.3 mg/l) did not show antimicrobial properties against the pathogenic strain of staphylococcus S.aureus ATCC 25923, and fungicidal activity against mold fungi A. niger ATCC 16404.Solutions with a high concentration of chromium (more than 9 mg/l) showed fungicidal activity and prevented the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms. Instead, solutions with a low chromium content (up to 3 mg/l) enhanced the growth of L. Edodes, acting as mycopromoters. It can be assumed that chromium in small amounts and in a bioavailable form is necessary for fungi to synthesize biologically active substances that stimulate their development. And chromium citrate in this case acts not as a disinfectant, but as a micro-fertilizer. So, chromium citrate solutions in concentrations up to 3.0 mg/l of chromium can be used in the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms (L. edodes) to increase the yield and enrich the mushrooms with chromium.

The article is devoted to the study of the modern concept of “marketing potential” and the possibility of its use for the development of modern enterprises. Scientific research in recent years has studied the concept of “potential” in detail from the point of view of theory and practice. The marketing potential is a relatively new category and its emergence is dictated by the development of modern market relations. The article analyses various approaches to the study of this concept based on the evolution of marketing concept. It is emphasized that all the main approaches to determining the essence of marketing potential are based on orientation to the market and consumers. The relevance and novelty of the research lies in a integrated approach to the concept of “marketing potential”: from the point of view of various approaches, concepts, classification by functional characteristics. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of the modern category of “marketing potential of the enterprise” and their scientific use in the implementation of long-term development plans. The methodological basis of the research is modern scientific developments in the field of management, enterprise economics, marketing management. The marketing of the enterprise should correspond to two main concepts: consumer orientation and orientation to a cost approach to management.

The article сonsiders an important socio-economic problem of developing a strategic plan for the recovery and further development of machine-building enterprises after the forced crisis. The paper analyses in detail the main stages of the development strategy of the company in the circumstances that require: analysis of the impact of the crisis on the activity of the enterprise; determine the conditions and time for restoration of to the levels before the crisis; the necessity of amending previously adopted development plans accepted prior to the circumstances; establishing the primary and priority directions of the enterprise’s strategy, taking into account all the existing factors and future tasks. The authors emphasize the need for a retrospective analysis of financial and economic activities to determine the state of economic potential, financial situation, changes in market conditions, as well as the macroeconomic characteristics of the external environment. The study focuses attention on the justification of the planning horizon. The paper considers the strategy of choosing the general goal of the enterprise development, as well as a set of local goals that allow you consistently approaching the main goal in the most effective way. The authors note the importance of the stages of checking the compliance of local goals with the overall economic strategy of the enterprise, as well as the use of strategic alternatives and the justification of the strategic choice based on them.

Rationale. Acne vulgaris is a widespread chronic disease with no age, gender, or race restrictions. It does not pose a direct threat to the patient's life, but is reflected in his psycho-emotional status, which requires appropriate medical intervention. Purpose of the study. To study the psychoemotional status of patients aged 2224 years with moderate and severe acne and its changes during monotherapy with isotretinoin (Sotret). Methods. In an open, non-randomized study lasting 12 months, 310 students of the Samara State Medical University were included (52% healthy, 33% with mild acne, 13% with a moderate degree, 2% with a severe degree). All patients in the study before treatment and after 3, 6, 12 months were assessed the severity of the course using the dermatological index of acne (DIA); quality of life assessment using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI scale); assessment of the psychological and social impact of acne using the APSEA questionnaire. All patients received monotherapy using the drug Erase. The median and interquartile distance Me (Q3-Q1) were indicated as descriptive statistics. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare related groups. The comparison was carried out with 95% confidence. Results. An analysis of the assessment of the psychological and social status of patients with moderate and severe acne before treatment, 3, 6, 12 months after the start of treatment with isotretinoin (Erase) is presented. The study included 36 people (20 women and 16 men) aged 22 to 24 years with a disease duration from 1 to 10 years. The results of psychological testing at various intervals gave comparable data: all patients had a pronounced persistent level of social maladjustment. An important indicator of the effectiveness of acne therapy with isotretinoin is the frequency of cases of the formation of a persistent clinical effect from treatment, which is clearly expressed in the restoration of the psycho-emotional background of patients, improving the quality of life of patients. Conclusion. An important indicator of the effectiveness of acne therapy with Erase is the frequency of cases of the formation of a stable clinical effect of treatment, which is clearly expressed in the restoration of the psycho-emotional background of patients, improving the quality of life of patients. The treatment allowed us to change the psychoemotional background of our patients for the better, which increased their motivation to study, communication, and the desire for self-development.

The issues of improving enterprise cost management in modern conditions have been studied. Enterprise costs and product cost are the most important indicators that determine its financial results and the efficiency of economic activity in general. The effectiveness of cost management allows you to determine the reserves of their reduction and the possibility of intensive development. The main directions of analytical procedures for cost management and production cost have been considered. Production cost indicators have been analysed: cost of unit of goods, cost of all realized production, costs per one ruble of realized production and their change in time. The main factors that reduce the cost of production, which are generally divided into external and internal, have been assessed. Separate cost elements and possibilities of their decrease as well as reserves of cost management in perspective have been reviewed. The impact of inflation on the cost and prices of the enterprise’s manufactured products has been estimated, the main measures to improve cost management in order to increase the efficiency of the enterprise work have been given. The presented analysis is recommended for use at the machine-building industry enterprises, as well as at the enterprises that produce a wide range of products.

The importance of improving the efficiency of the system of service activities for the maintenance of machine-building products has been outlined. Individual types of service and their features have been analysed. The indicators that determine the effectiveness of service activities by type, the criteria for their evaluation and the most favorable trends in the process of working out the production of certain types of goods have been considered. It has been noted that the service of machine-building products is quite an expensive item of the production activities of enterprises. To justify the costs of warranty service, it is necessary to have certain statistics of product failures and its individual elements for their additional production in order to ensure timely provision to the consumer. The analysis showed that the costs of all types of goods servicing are an important indicator of its organization by enterprises. Statistics for keeping records of all types of product maintenance allows you to improve its production, plan the production of spare parts and reduce the cost, which is an important element of competitiveness.

The purpose of the article is to describe methodological approaches to the complex concept of reliability of engineering enterprises in a competitive environment. The concept of enterprise reliability is proposed to include the following areas of analysis: sustainability of economic growth, financial stability, industrial mobility and market stability. Each of the areas under consideration has its own aspects of analysis and indicators. The definitions of the proposed directions have been given, the need for their joint use in determining the reliability of the enterprise has been substantiated. The main content of the study is to analyze each component of the reliability of the enterprise, the proposed system of indicators that determine them, as well as the most favorable trends in the last time to improve the status and reliability of the enterprise. According to the results of the conducted research, the conclusion about the necessity of development of methods of reliability evaluation of engineering enterprises through the levels to create the structure of sectoral development opportunities has been made.

The article has devoted to the issues of improving the competitiveness of enterprises in the engineering industry. The factors hindering the development of industry enterprises have been analyzed. The article substantiates the main components of the competitiveness of enterprises, which are of particular relevance: product range – technology; – advanced R & d; – economic, industrial and innovative potential, etc. the Possibilities of improving the competitiveness of enterprises at the level of macroeconomics and at the level of enterprises themselves have been considered. The method of calculation, allowing to draw conclusions about the competitiveness of the product range of the enterprise has been offered.

Skin diseases of non-infectious etiology, such as allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, eczema and chronic actinic dermatitis have a significant impact on the quality of patient’s life, greatly reducing it. The most important place in the therapy of these diseases is found in topical glucocorticosteroids in combination with competent basic therapy.The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety profile, and tolerability of an external corticosteroid drug with a combination composition: methylprednisolone aceponate 0.1 % + urea 2 % (Komfoderm M2) in combination with dextpanthenol, allantoin and Shea butter (Dexpan plus cream) in dermatological practice in the treatment of eczematous process.Materials and methods. 48 patients, from 18 to 58 years old with mild to middle-severe eczematous process, were under observation, including 16 with allergic contact dermatitis, 14 patients with atopic dermatitis and 10 patients with eczema brushes, and 8 people with actinic dermatitis. Cream Komfoderm M2 was applied to the affected skin areas once a day in combination with cream Dexpan plus as standard therapy and emollient cosmetic. We investigated the parameters of the DLQI questionnaire “Dermatological Quality of Life Index” .Results As a result of the conducted observational study, data were obtained on the high effectiveness of therapy with the combined use of the drug Komfoderm M2 and Dexpan plus. An excellent evaluation of the efficacy of the scheme used was found in 37 (77 %) patients, a good one in 9 (18,8 %) and 2 (4.2 %) patients had a satisfactory result.Conclusions. This clinical study proves the high efficacy, safety and tolerability of the drugs — Cream with 0.1 % MPA and urea 2 % (Komfoderm M2) in combination with a cream containing dexpanthenol, allantonoin and Shea butter (Dexpan plus) in the treatment of eczematous process.

The article discusses the actual problem of improving the system of distance learning in higher schools as an important area of training of specialists taking into account time and long-term challenges of the development of the country’s economy. It analyzes in detail all the advantages and disadvantages of modern digitalization of the educational process for training and retraining of specialists of a new formation for all areas of the economy of the Russian Federation and beyond. There are two main approaches to the digital economy: the classic approach, based on digital technologies, and the extended approach, which means economical production using digital technologies. The article gives modern concepts of “distance education”, “distance learning”, “online training”, “e-learning” and others that are often used as synonyms. It reflects features of the educational process based on the wide use of interactive and problematic teaching methods that allow students and specialists of different levels to acquire the skill of analysis of the used arrays of digital information for making effective management decisions. It considers various types of resources that used to improve the quality of educational processes: educational, personnel, functional and technical, the basic requirements for them in modern education are given as well. It describes measures to expand and deepen the use of the digital economy in education and other areas of professional activity.

The article examines in detail the main areas and methodological features of a comprehensive analysis of movement and use of fixed capital of machine building enterprises. The fixed capital of enterprises is particularly important in the process of economic activity and it requires considerable investment for development and improvement. The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive approach to the quantitative assessment of change in the fixed assets of enterprises, their structure, and efficiency of use.

The article is devoted to mutual influence of Russian and Tajik languages: to Russian-speaking loans in the Tajik language and to process of enrichment of Russian by the Tajik words in the territory of Tajikistan. Interference of two cultures finds reflection in informal conversation as the most mobile communicative sphere.

In this article is given the emotional concept happiness according to psycholinguistics and the differential distinctive features of this word are analyzed.