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Night shift work has been classified as a probable human carcinogen based on experimental studies and limited human evidence on breast cancer. Evidence on other common cancers, such as prostate cancer, is scarce. Chronotype is an individual characteristic that may relate to night work adaptation. We evaluated night shift work with relation to prostate cancer, taking into account chronotype and disease severity in a population based case-control study in Spain. We included 1,095 prostate cancer cases and 1,388 randomly selected population controls. We collected detailed information on shift schedules (permanent vs. rotating, time schedules, duration, frequency), using lifetime occupational history. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were assessed by face-to-face interviews and chronotype through a validated questionnaire. We used unconditional logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders. Subjects who had worked at least for one year in night shift work had a slightly higher prostate cancer risk [Odds Ratio (OR) 1.14; 95%CI 0.94, 1.37] compared with never night workers; this risk increased with longer duration of exposure (28 years: OR 1.37; 95%CI 1.05, 1.81; p-trend=0.047). Risks were more pronounced for high risk tumors [D'Amico classification, Relative Risk Ratio (RRR) 1.40; 95%CI 1.05, 1.86], particularly among subjects with longer duration of exposure (28 years: RRR 1.63; 95%CI 1.08, 2.45; p-trend=0.027). Overall risk was higher among subjects with an evening chronotype, but also increased in morning chronotypes after long-term night work. In this large population based study, we found an association between night shift work and prostate cancer particularly for tumors with worse prognosis. What's new? Up to 20% of workers do night-shift work, which may increase the risk of some cancers. In this study, the authors found that long-term night-shift work was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and decreased survival. Overall risk was higher among workers with an evening chronotype (i.e., a preference for working in the evening vs. in the morning), but risk also increased for morning chronotypes if the duration of night-shift work increased. These results may improve our understanding of prostate cancer etiology and potential prevention strategies.

El presente artículo busca argumentar cómo las virtudes relacionales favorecen el diálogo en una organización. El concepto de virtud se analiza a partir de su perspectiva aristotélica, profundizando en la vertiente personal y relacional de las virtudes. Se entiende que la virtud se encuentra estrechamente vinculada a la idea de comunidad en la vida empresarial y el diálogo es el espacio en donde convergen las virtudes relacionales con los principios empresariales. A partir de las anteriores afirmaciones se plantean estas preguntas de investigación: ¿cuáles son las virtudes que deben dar forma al ethos de la empresa bajo las cuáles encuentra sustento el diálogo? ¿Qué virtudes pueden ser catalizadoras de los principios guía de una ética empresarial sustentada en el diálogo? Se propone un modelo que intenta articular principios guía y virtudes relacionales para favorecer la ética del diálogo en las empresas.

Not availableSe describe el sistema empleado para la construcción del nuevo edificio del Instituto, presentando gráficos de la marcha de la obra. Se incluye relación de suministradores, así como los principales materiales empleados.

Symbionts, both pathogenic and beneficial, must integrate their physiology with that of their host in order to achieve a successful colonization. Effector proteins that enter the cytoplasm of host cells are widely utilized for this purpose by bacterial, fungal, oomycete, protistan, nematode, and insect symbionts. The soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae, one of the best characterized oomycete pathogens, encodes in its genome nearly 400 potential effector proteins with the cell-entry motif RXLR. We have recently identified the mechanism by which effector proteins from pathogens and mutualists from two different kingdoms of life, Fungi and Oomycetes, enter the cells of their plant hosts. The mechanism involves the previously undetected presence of the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI-3-P) on the outer surface of the plasma membrane of plant cells. The virulence proteins utilize PI-3-P as a receptor to gain entry via lipid-raft mediated endocytosis. More recently, we have discovered that two diverse insect pests of plants (hessian flies and aphids) also produce proteins that can bind PI-3-P via RXLR motifs in order to enter plant cells, where they suppress host defenses while the insects feed. We are current exploring methodologies for disrupting PI-3-P-mediated effector entry in order to create new means for managing oomycete and fungal diseases and insect pests.

Objetivo: Los rabdomiomas son tumores benignos del músculo esquelético cuya localización extracardiaca es rara. Métodos/Resultados: Presentamos un caso de rabdomioma de cordón espermático en un varón de 28 años de edad. Conclusiones: Los rabdomiomas genitales son tumores benignos poco frecuentes, y deben ser considerados en el diagnóstico diferencial de tumores del tracto genital masculino. Objective: Rhabdomyomas are benign tumors of the skeletal muscle and extracardiac rhabdomyomas are very rare. Methods/Results: We report one case of spermatic cord rhabdomyoma in a 28-year-old male. Conclusions: Genital rhabdomyomas are rare benign tumors. Rhabdomyomas should be considered in the clinicopathological differential diagnosis of tumors of the male genital tract.

Outlines the history of ATEP, - the Spanish Technical Association of Prestressed (Materials), throughout its almost forty years, and its close ties with the Eduardo Torroja Institute., En este artículo se relata la historia de la Asociación Técnica Española del Pretensado (ATEP), durante sus casi cuarenta años de edad, y su estrecha vinculación con el Instituto Eduardo Torroja.