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Background and Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of the ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block (II/IH) with local wound infiltration in children undergoing herniotomy surgeries. Methods: After ethics committee approval and informed consent, 100 children aged 6 months–7 years posted for herniotomy surgeries were randomly divided into Group B and Group W. Local wound infiltration was performed in Group W by the surgeon at the time of port placement and the end of the surgery with 0.2 mL.kg−1 of 0.25% bupivacaine. Ipsilateral II/IH was performed in Group B at the end of the surgery, under ultrasonographic guidance with a Sonosite portable ultrasound unit and a linear 5–10 MHz probe with a 22G hypodermic needle, and 0.2 mL.kg−1 of 0.25% bupivacaine was used on each side. The parameters recorded were postoperative hemodynamics, paracetamol and opioid requirements, postoperative pain scores, postoperative nausea vomiting, and the need for rescue analgesia in the first 6 h postoperatively. Results: The median pain scores were significantly lower in the II/IH group than the local wound infiltration group at 10 min (2 [0–2.5] compared to 2 [3–4]; P& #61; 0.011), 30 min (1.5 [0–3] compared to 3 [2–5]; P < 0.001), 1 h (1.5 [0–2] compared to 2 [2–3]; P < 0.001) and 2 h (2 [0–2] compared to 2 [1.5–2.5]; P = 0.010) postoperatively. The need for postoperative opioids and rescue analgesia was also significantly lower in the II/IH group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: II/IH is superior to local wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia in pediatric herniotomy surgeries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Sachin. Gupta, Deepak. Govil, Prem. Kakar, Om. Prakash, Deep. Arora, Shibani. Das, Pradeep. Govil, Ashima. Malhotra One of the greatest achievements of modern medicine is the development of antibiotics [...]

Byline: Pradeep. Govil, P. Kakar, Deep. Arora, Shibani. Das, Nishkarsh. Gupta, Deepak. Govil, Sachin. Gupta, Ashima. Malohtra Cardiovascular collapse following use of methylmethacrylate for lower limb surgeries has been reported. [...]

Byline: Pradeep. Govil, P.. Kakar, Atul. Kapoor, Ankit. Sharma, Deepak. Govil, Deep. Arora Treatment of intraoperative hypotension in a patient on chronic tricyclic antidepressant therapy(TCA) is contro-versial. Evidence based guidelines [...]

Aims: Establishment of a protocol for routine single-molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) imaging on formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue using medical renal disease including minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)., Methods: Protocol for normal and diseased renal FFPE tissue was developed to investigate the clinical diagnostic potential of SMLM. Antibody concentrations were determined for confocal microscopy and transferred to SMLM. Different fixatives and lengths of fixation were studied. To reduce autofluorescence, additional quenching and UV bleaching steps were compared. Optimal SMLM acquisition settings were established. SMLM data were imaged, digitally captured, stored, visually inspected and analysed quantitatively., Results: Protocol was established on normal renal FFPE tissue and then applied to clinical diseased tissue with single and multiple markers. Antibodies against key diagnostic proteins including podocin, nephrin, collagen, laminin, synaptopodin, CD31, IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies were established for MCD, FSGS and immune-mediated renal disease. We found important characteristic differences in the renal diseases listed above., Conclusions: We established a routine super-resolution microscopy protocol for clinical FFPE material on medical renal biopsies, which could visualise fluorescently labelled proteins in all glomeruli present with a precision of approximately 10-20 nm, with a turnaround under 48 hours. We visualised and quantitated specific protein distributions in different conditions. SMLM opens subcellular microscopy in FFPE to histopathologists on routine FFPE tissue, which can in the future be an adjunct and, in some aspects, a rapid superior alternative to electron microscopy., Competing Interests: Competing interests: AGM and JHF are employees of ONI Ltd., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group.)