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Uno de los temas de mayor interés del Dr. Ernesto Jáuregui fue el de la interacción entre los usos del cambio de suelo derivados de los procesos de urbanización y los fenómenos atmosféricos. Sus trabajos en estos temas fueron pioneros en ciudades tropicales. Si bien temas como la observación objetiva de la Isla de Calor Urbana, así como cambios en los regímenes de lluvias y temperatura urbanos ocuparon la mayor parte de su trabajo, su interés de colaborar con grupos de modelación computacional del clima, tiempo y contaminación atmosférica fue también importante. Reconoció la gran valía de estos métodos para ampliar el conocimiento, y su gran experiencia ayudó a proponer temas como el efecto en la atmósfera por la desaparición de zonas lacustres en el Valle de México. A partir de esta experiencia, varios trabajos han seguido este camino que él promovió. Así tenemos estudios que aquí se presentan con cada vez con mayor resolución espacial y temporal, y con mejores parametrizaciones físicas, que describen los fenómenos de convergencias e interacciones valle-montaña que se dan en el Valle de México. También se presentan trabajos que retoman el tema de las zonas lacustres, y la investigación de lo que sucede en la atmósfera cuando se les recupera, tema que llamó la atención de Ernesto. En este trabajo incorporamos nuestras últimas investigaciones usando modelos altamente especializados en usos de suelo urbano para seguir el camino trazado por el Dr. Ernesto Jáuregui, y dilucidar el efecto del cambio de coberturas superficiales en la atmósfera. Así mismo, se incluyen otros trabajos acerca de estas interacciones como el caso del transporte de partículas del suelo de zonas agrícolas, así como por la introducción masiva de techos naturados en una zona de la CDMX. Me atreví a incorporar trabajos de mis alumnos en temas como el del efecto de emisiones vehiculares en microambientes. Como Ernesto fue un citadino usuario del automóvil, nos hubiera gustado conocer su opinión de estos aportes.

Abstract Background The CytoSorb hemoadsorption device has been demonstrated to be capable of clearing inflammatory cytokines, but has not yet been shown to attenuate plasma cytokine concentrations. We investigated the effects of CytoSorb hemoperfusion on plasma levels of various cytokines using the repeated human experimental endotoxemia model, a highly standardized and reproducible human in vivo model of systemic inflammation and immunological tolerance induced by administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Twenty-four healthy male volunteers (age 18–35) were intravenously challenged with LPS (a bolus of 1 ng/kg followed by continuous infusion of 0.5 ng/kg/hr for three hours) twice: on day 0 to quantify the initial cytokine response and on day 7 to quantify the degree of endotoxin tolerance. Subjects either received CytoSorb hemoperfusion during the first LPS challenge (CytoSorb group), or no intervention (control group). Plasma cytokine concentrations and clearance rates were determined serially. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04643639, date of registration November 24th 2020). Results LPS administration led to a profound increase in plasma cytokine concentrations during both LPS challenge days. Compared to the control group, significantly lower plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF, − 58%, p

Abstract Cosmological phase transitions can proceed via the nucleation of bubbles that subsequently expand and collide. The resulting gravitational wave spectrum depends crucially on the properties of these bubbles. We extend our previous holographic work on planar bubbles to cylindrical bubbles in a strongly-coupled, non-Abelian, four-dimensional gauge theory. This extension brings about two new physical properties. First, the existence of a critical bubble, which we determine. Second, the bubble profile at late times exhibits a richer self-similar structure, which we verify. These results require a new 3+1 evolution code called Jecco that solves the Einstein equations in the characteristic formulation in asymptotically AdS spaces. Jecco is written in the Julia programming language and is freely available. We present an outline of the code and the tests performed to assess its robustness and performance.

Abstract Background A greater understanding of disease heterogeneity may facilitate precision medicine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Previous work identified four distinct clinical phenotypes associated with outcome and treatment responses in non-COVID-19 sepsis patients, but it is unknown if and how these phenotypes are recapitulated in COVID-19 sepsis patients. Methods We applied the four non-COVID-19 sepsis phenotypes to a total of 52,274 critically ill patients, comprising two cohorts of COVID-19 sepsis patients (admitted before and after the introduction of dexamethasone as standard treatment) and three non-COVID-19 sepsis cohorts (non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia sepsis, bacterial pneumonia sepsis, and bacterial sepsis of non-pulmonary origin). Differences in proportions of phenotypes and their associated mortality were determined across these cohorts. Results Phenotype distribution was highly similar between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia sepsis cohorts, whereas the proportion of patients with the δ-phenotype was greater in both bacterial sepsis cohorts compared to the viral sepsis cohorts. The introduction of dexamethasone treatment was associated with an increased proportion of patients with the δ-phenotype (6% vs. 11% in the pre- and post-dexamethasone COVID-19 cohorts, respectively, p

Cytokine production by ex vivo (EV)-stimulated leukocytes is commonly used to gauge immune function and frequently proposed to guide immunomodulatory therapy. However, whether EV cytokine production capacity accurately reflects the in vivo (IV) immune status is largely unknown. We investigated relationships between EV monocyte cytokine responses and IV cytokine responses in a large cohort of healthy volunteers using a highly standardized IV model of short-lived LPS-induced systemic inflammation, which captures hallmarks of both hyperinflammation and immunological tolerance. Therefore, 110 healthy volunteers were intravenously challenged with 1 ng/kg LPS twice: on day 0 to determine the extent of the IV (hyper)inflammatory response and on day 7 to determine the degree of IV endotoxin tolerance. Baseline EV monocyte cytokine production capacity was assessed prior to LPS administration. Short-term and long-term EV tolerance was assessed in monocytes isolated 4 h and 7 days after LPS administration, respectively. No robust correlations were observed between baseline EV cytokine production capacity and IV cytokine responses following LPS administration. However, highly robust inverse correlations were observed between IV cytokine responses and EV cytokine responses of monocytes isolated 4 h after IV LPS administration. No correlations between IV and EV tolerance were found. In conclusion, attenuated EV cytokine production capacity reflects ongoing IV inflammation rather than immune suppression. Results of EV assays should be interpreted with caution at the risk of improper use of immuno­stimulatory drugs.

Abstract A system to obtain vehicular energy‐use and emissions in transient traffic is proposed. It operates at a microscopic 1‐s time scale, capturing critical stop‐and‐go dynamics in a controlled and repeatable computational environment. This allowed the definition of a sensitivity function linking energy‐use to traffic flow, providing an additional comparison parameter. To obtain the dynamics data, crucial for transient traffic modeling implementation and validation, a video‐tracking technique is used to overcome velocimeter and GPS data shortcomings. This approach allowed to observe and reproduce a traffic scene and agreed with a M/D/n queuing traffic model. Once the system contains precise dynamics, it can be implemented for traffic scenarios such as intersections, school areas, or future road projects. Any simulated vehicular technology can be incorporated into the analysis. A case study was implemented using 1000 electric (EV) and combustion engine vehicles (CV) interacting with trucks, buses, and motorcycles, while monitoring individual vehicular systems. These included the powertrain and regenerative braking to obtain energy‐use and emissions. EVs proved to be not only more efficient, but less sensitive to traffic buildup than CVs. The techniques presented here, lend themselves to technological design and evaluation and allows testing real‐life vehicular systems for sustainable traffic and energy planning.

Cucumis callosus dry fruits are traditionally used as folk remedy to treat conditions like urethral irritations, urine stoppage or dribbling and other urinary ailments of man in north-west India. But no study is reported to validate this ethnic practice of using Cucumis fruit in urolithiasis. To evaluate anti-urolithiatic potential of Cucumis, hyperoxaluria was induced in rats by supplying 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) + 1% ammonium chloride (AC) in drinking water for 14 days. Anti-urolithiatic activity of Cucumis callosus hydro-ethanolic extract (CCHEE) was assessed by measuring blood and urine biochemical parameters, oxidative stress indices, histopathology and osteopontin (OPN) expression. Administration of EG-AC to rats caused hyperoxaluria, crystalluria, azotaemia, oxidant/antioxidant imbalance (increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), and decrease in glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT)), up-regulation of OPN and calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal deposition in kidney. Treatment of afflicted rats with Cucumis fruits extract restored renal function to a great extent (CCHEE group), testified by improvement of stated parameters. Findings demonstrate curative efficacy of Cucumis fruit extract in EG induced urolithiasis of rats. The restoration of renal function was possibly by regulating renal stone formation via reducing urinary oxalate excretion, correcting oxidant/antioxidant imbalances, and reduced expression of OPN. Hence, results of this study validate the ethnic practice of using Cucumis fruit and conclude that fruit extracts have beneficial effects on CaOx urolithiasis and renal function.

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) are terms that refer to individuals whose gender identity differs from sex assigned at birth. TGD individuals may choose any variety of modifications to their gender expression including, but not limited to changing their name, clothing, or hairstyle, starting hormones, or undergoing surgery. Starting in the 1950s, surgeons and endocrinologists began treating what was then known as transsexualism with cross sex hormones and a variety of surgical procedures collectively known as sex reassignment surgery (SRS). Soon after, Harry Benjamin began work to develop standards of care that could be applied to these patients with some uniformity. These guidelines, published by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), are in their 8th iteration. Through each iteration there has been a requirement that patients requesting gender-affirming hormones (GAH) or gender-affirming surgery (GAS) undergo one or more detailed evaluations by a mental health provider through which they must obtain a “letter of readiness,” placing mental health providers in the role of gatekeeper. WPATH specifies eligibility criteria for gender-affirming treatments and general guidelines for the content of letters, but does not include specific details about what must be included, leading to a lack of uniformity in how mental health providers approach performing evaluations and writing letters. This manuscript aims to review practices related to evaluations and letters of readiness for GAS in adults over time as the standards of care have evolved via a scoping review of the literature. We will place a particular emphasis on changing ethical considerations over time and the evolution of the model of care from gatekeeping to informed consent. To this end, we did an extensive review of the literature. We identified a trend across successive iterations of the guidelines in both reducing stigma against TGD individuals and shift in ethical considerations from “do no harm” to the core principle of patient autonomy. This has helped reduce barriers to care and connect more people who desire it to gender affirming care (GAC), but in these authors’ opinions does not go far enough in reducing barriers.

Abstract We investigate the convergence of relativistic hydrodynamics in charged fluids, within the framework of holography. On the one hand, we consider the analyticity properties of the dispersion relations of the hydrodynamic modes on the complex frequency and momentum plane and on the other hand, we perform a perturbative expansion of the dispersion relations in small momenta to a very high order. We see that the locations of the branch points extracted using the first approach are in good quantitative agreement with the radius of convergence extracted perturbatively. We see that for different values of the charge, different types of pole collisions set the radius of convergence. The latter turns out to be finite in the neutral case for all hydrodynamic modes, while it goes to zero at extremality for the shear and sound modes. Furthermore, we also establish the phenomenon of pole-skipping for the Reissner-Nordström black hole, and we find that the value of the momentum for which this phenomenon occurs need not be within the radius of convergence of hydrodynamics.

Abstract We study how black hole entropy is generated and the role it plays in several highly dynamical processes: the decay of unstable black strings and ultraspinning black holes; the fusion of two rotating black holes; and the subsequent fission of the merged system into two black holes that fly apart (which can occur in dimension D ≥ 6, with a mild violation of cosmic censorship). Our approach uses the effective theory of black holes at D → ∞, but we expect our main conclusions to hold at finite D. Black hole fusion is highly irreversible, while fission, which follows the pattern of the decay of black strings, generates comparatively less entropy. In 2 → 1 → 2 black hole collisions an intermediate, quasi-thermalized state forms that then fissions. This intermediate state erases much of the memory of the initial states and acts as an attractor funneling the evolution of the collision towards a small subset of outgoing parameters, which is narrower the closer the total angular momentum is to the critical value for fission. Entropy maximization provides a very good guide for predicting the final outgoing states. Along our study, we clarify how entropy production and irreversibility appear in the large D effective theory. We also extend the study of the stability of new black hole phases (black bars and dumbbells). Finally, we discuss entropy production through charge diffusion in collisions of charged black holes.

Abstract We derive master equations for linear perturbations in Einstein-Maxwell scalar theory, for any spacetime dimension D and any background with a maximally symmetric n = (D - 2)-dimensional spatial component. This is done by expressing all fluctuations analytically in terms of several master scalars. The resulting master equations are Klein­ Gordon equations, with non-derivative couplings given by a potential matrix of size 3, 2 and 1 for the scalar, vector and tensor sectors respectively. Furthermore, these potential matrices turn out to be symmetric, and positivity of the eigenvalues is sufficient (though not necessary) for linear stability of the background under consideration. In general these equations cannot be fully decoupled, only in specific cases such as Reissner-Nordstrom, where we reproduce the Kodama-Ishibashi master equations. Finally we use this to prove stability in the vector sector of the GMGHS black hole and of Einstein-scalar theories in general.

Land use land cover (LULC) significantly impacts local circulation in the Mexico Basin, particularly wind field circulations such as gap winds, convergence lines, and thermally induced upslope/downslope wind. A case study with a high-pressure system over the Mexico Basin isolates the influence of large-scale synoptic forcing. Numerical simulations reveal a wind system composed of meridional circulation and a zonal component. Thermal pressure gradients between the Mexico basin and its colder surroundings create near-surface convergence lines as part of the meridional circulation. Experiments show that the intensity and organization of meridional circulations and downslope winds increase when LULC changes from natural and cultivated land to urban. Zonal circulation exhibits a typical circulation pattern with the upslope flow and descending motion in the middle of the basin. Large values of moist static energy are near the surface where air parcels pick up energy from the surface either as fluxes of enthalpy or latent heat. Surface heat fluxes and stored energy in the ground are drivers of local circulation, which is more evident in zonal circulation patterns.

Recurrent personal exposure to ambient PM2.5 is associated with adverse human health effects, in particular on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Here, we present an assessment of personal exposure and inhalation of PM2.5 for five modes of transport (walking, cycling, public bus (trolleybus and diesel bus), conventional car (CC) and hybrid-electric car (HEC)) and two routes of similar distance, along a major road in the Mexico City metropolitan area (MCMA). Arithmetic average exposure concentrations ranged from 16.5 ± 6.5 µg m−3 for walking to 81.7 ± 9.1 µg m−3 for cycling (henceforth shown as average ±1 SD), with no significant differences with geometric averages. The maximum exposure concentration of 110.9 µg m−3 was observed for the conventional car. The highest exposure concentrations depended on route and the mode of transport, being observed for cycling and walking. The PM2.5 measurements showed large spatial heterogeneity in the exposure levels for walking and cycling, while public buses and private transport showed less spatial heterogeneity. The greatest peaks in PM2.5 coincided with 4-way intersections for all modes of transport, being positively influenced by traffic density. The mass of PM2.5 inhaled depended mostly on the mode of transport, and ranged between 1.0 ± 0.3 and 30.1 ± 14.2 µg km−1 for the HEC and bicycle, respectively. Local area PM2.5 increments identified as ‘residuals’ after subtraction of data recorded at the closest fixed monitoring site from exposure concentrations along the studied road suggested that inhalation for bicycle and diesel buses is strongly influenced by vehicular emissions. Residuals estimated for the trolleybus, CC and HEC confirmed a lower inhalation than for the other modes of transport evaluated due to protection by the cabin.

Context: Retrospective study of 36 individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) certified for medical cannabis. Objective: We sought to examine whether medical cannabis certification was associated with a change in utilization of acute care medical services for patients with SCD. Methods: We identified patients with SCD certified for medical cannabis use between July 2014 and December 2021 using the New York State Prescription Monitoring Program (NYS PMP) and cross-matching to our electronic medical record. We estimated the mean incidences of Emergency Department (ED) visits, hospital admissions, inpatient days, and total acute encounters for SCD-related pain per month pre- and post-medical cannabis certification and used paired t -tests to assess the statistical significance of changes in hospital use. We stratified incidence based on whether patients had received a bone marrow transplant (BMT) at any point before or during the research period, since BMT is potentially an important covariate. Recertification rates and patients' reasons for choosing to recertify were qualitatively investigated through retrospective chart review. Results: The incidence of ED visits, hospital admissions, and total acute encounters per month for SCD-related pain decreased pre- to post-certification ( p =0.02; p =0.02; p =0.01). These decreases lost statistical significance after stratifying patients based on BMT history. There was no statistically significant change in the number of days per month patients spent hospitalized in either the primary analysis or after stratification by BMT status. Forty-four percent of patients chose to be recertified. Thirty-six percent of patients cited concerns regarding the cost of medical cannabis. Conclusion: Our study did not show a statistically significant relationship between certification for medical cannabis and hospital use after addressing BMT history as a potentially important covariate. However, we were likely underpowered to detect any existing difference after patient data were stratified due to our small sample size. Regardless, 44% of patients chose to be recertified, indicating a perceived benefit and utility in further investigation of medical cannabis for this population with a larger analytic sample. Patient-reported benefits were improvement of pain and other symptoms, decreased opiate requirements, and decreased side effects compared to opiates.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of different mHealth interventions in increasing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates., Methods: A literature search for eligible studies was done in ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, and Scopus in October 2020. Included studies were randomized controlled trials done on adults due for CRC screening, who received either an mHealth intervention to promote screening or usual care. The primary outcome from these studies was completion of CRC screening. Two reviewers independently worked on selecting studies, collecting data, and determining risk of bias. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for CRC screening rates were summarized into a Forest plot., Results: A total of ten trials from three continents were included in the qualitative analysis. Risk of bias is low in terms of randomization, but high in terms of participant blinding, due to the nature of the interventions. Meta-analysis of four trials showed low clinical and statistical heterogeneity (I2=0%). Overall, the use of mHealth interventions is associated with higher CRC screening uptake when compared to usual care (AOR 1.33; 95% CI, 1.20-1.46). This effect was seen across different types of mHealth interventions, which included automated and non-automated telephone education and text-message reminders., Conclusion: This study showed that mHealth is associated with increased CRC screening participation regardless of the type of intervention used.

Background: There are data on the safety of cancer surgery and the efficacy of preventive strategies on the prevention of postoperative symptomatic COVID-19 in these patients. But there is little such data for any elective surgery. The main objectives of this study were to examine the safety of bariatric surgery (BS) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to determine the efficacy of perioperative COVID-19 protective strategies on postoperative symptomatic COVID-19 rates., Methods: We conducted an international cohort study to determine all-cause and COVID-19-specific 30-day morbidity and mortality of BS performed between 01/05/2020 and 31/10/2020., Results: Four hundred ninety-nine surgeons from 185 centres in 42 countries provided data on 7704 patients. Elective primary BS (n = 7084) was associated with a 30-day morbidity of 6.76% (n = 479) and a 30-day mortality of 0.14% (n = 10). Emergency BS, revisional BS, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, and untreated obstructive sleep apnoea were associated with increased complications on multivariable analysis. Forty-three patients developed symptomatic COVID-19 postoperatively, with a higher risk in non-whites. Preoperative self-isolation, preoperative testing for SARS-CoV-2, and surgery in institutions not concurrently treating COVID-19 patients did not reduce the incidence of postoperative COVID-19. Postoperative symptomatic COVID-19 was more likely if the surgery was performed during a COVID-19 peak in that country., Conclusions: BS can be performed safely during the COVID-19 pandemic with appropriate perioperative protocols. There was no relationship between preoperative testing for COVID-19 and self-isolation with symptomatic postoperative COVID-19. The risk of postoperative COVID-19 risk was greater in non-whites or if BS was performed during a local peak., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Research and media reports about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have largely focused on urban areas due to their high caseloads. However, the COVID-19 pandemic presents distinct and under-recognized challenges to rural areas. This report describes the challenges faced by Bassett Healthcare Network (BHN), a health network in rural upstate New York, and the strategies BHN devised in response. The response to COVID-19 at BHN focused on 4 strategies: (1) Expansion of intensive-care capacity. (2) Redeployment and retraining of workforce. (3) Provision of COVID-19 information, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral testing, and appropriate follow-up for a geographically dispersed population. (4) Coordination of the response to the pandemic across a large, diverse organization. Rural health systems and hospitals can take steps to address the specific challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in their communities. We believe that the strategies BHN employed to adapt to COVID-19 may be useful to other rural health systems. More research is needed to determine which strategies have been most effective in responding to the pandemic in other rural settings., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

In this report, syntheses and subsequent electropolymerization of a series of five rigid tricarbazole monomers are described. The monomers involve three planar triphenylene-cored tricarbazole-benzenes (with the carbazole units connected via their a - or b -planes) and two triptycene-cored derivatives. Oxidative electropolymerization of these monomers leads to a continuous growth of smooth and freestanding thin films. Moreover, one type of polymer film, based on a poly- a -tricarbazole network (paTC), shows the occurrence of intrinsic microporosity properties, with a specific BET surface area of 260 m 2 g -1 ., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common peripheral neuropathy affecting patients at productive age and has an important economical impact on those who suffer it. This study assessed the diagnostic performance of carpal tunnel syndrome´s signs and described the epidemiology at a tertiary care center in Mexico City., Methods: All patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome during a five-year period were included. Demographic data, electromyography results, positive clinical signs and the severity score according to the Italian scale were recorded. Diagnostic accuracy of Tinel and Phalen´s signs were calculated via odds ratio., Results: Totally, 650 patients were diagnosed and treated during a five-year period, 84% were female and 16% male, and the mean age was 55.8 years. The associated comorbidities were trigger finger (36.1%), thyroid disease (25.6%) and diabetes (20%). Diagnosis yielded for Phalen and Tinel signs were variable in each of the study groups (males and females) and showed to be beneficial in diagnosis of the disease., Conclusion: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a complex disease in which clinical signs remain the cornerstone of diagnosis. Extension studies are useful to assess the severity of the disease.

Objective: To present the initial experience of 12 patients with burns treated with cutaneous grafts and to analyse the variables that influence their integration., Materials and Methods: We analysed data from 12 patients seen in a year in the regional hospital of high speciality of Oaxaca. Quantified variables: Age, sex, burned body surface, depth of burn, airway injury, nutritional status by CONUT index, type of graft, development of local infection and days of hospital stay., Results: We included 10 men (83%) and 2 women (17%) with median age of 28 years, median burned body surface area of 19%, depth: 75% were mixed burns and 25% were third degree; with median time between injury and application of grafts of 13 days, 1 patient presented airway injury and 50% concomitant trauma., Regarding Nutritional Status: Fifty percent had severe malnutrition, 33% moderate and 16% mild. About 67% of the grafts were meshed and 33% intact, the mean integration percentage was 80%, 25% developed local infection and the average length of hospital stay was 21 days., Conclusions: Cutaneous grafts are the definitive treatment of burns, in their integration process influence different factors, including nutritional status. The CONUT index seems to be a useful, safe and widely available tooling in the nutritional assessment of the burned patient and can be related to the percentage of integration of the grafts and the days of hospital stay., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.

Background: The history of laparoscopic surgery in gynaecological diseases progressed with the advances of Semm, as well as with the development of tools, equipment, and energy that led to its development in all surgical areas, including oncology., Objective: To present the initial experience in the laparoscopic treatment of benign and malignant gynaecological disease in the Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad in Oaxaca., Material and Methods: An analysis was performed on a total of 44 cases, distributed into: type III radical hysterectomy for invasive cervical cancer, hysterectomy type I cervical cancer in situ, extrafascial hysterectomy for benign disease, routine endometrium, ovary and routine salpingo-oophorectomy. The variables included age, BMI, surgical time, bleeding, intraoperative and postoperative complications, conversion, hospital stay, and pathology report., Results: Hysterectomy type III; age 40.2 years, BMI 25.8kg/m 2 , 238ml bleeding, operative time 228min, 2.6-day hospital stay, intraoperative or postoperative complications, tumour size 1.1cm, 14 lymph nodes dissected, vaginal and negative parametrical edge. Type I hysterectomy cervical cancer in situ: 51 years, BMI 23.8kg/m 2 , 80ml bleeding, operative time 127minutes, uterus of 9cm, length of stay of 2 days, a conversion by external iliac artery injury, with bleeding of 1500ml. Routine endometrium: 50.3 years, BMI 30.3kg/m 2 , 83ml bleeding, operative time 180minutes, uterus 12.6cm, length of stay 2.3 days, no complications., Conclusion: The management of benign and malignant pelvic diseases using laparoscopy is feasible and safe, with shorter hospital stays and a prompt recovery to daily activities., (Copyright © 2016 Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.)

Phenyllactic acids are found in numerous natural products as well as in active substances used in medicine or plant protection. Enantiomerically pure phenyllactic acids are available by transition-metal-catalyzed hydrogenations or chemoenzymatic reductions of the corresponding 3-aryl-2-oxopropanoic acids. We show here that d-lactate dehydrogenase from Staphylococcus epidermidis reduces a broad spectrum of 2-oxo acids, which are difficult substrates for transition-metal-catalyzed reactions, with excellent enantioselectivities in a simple experimental setup.