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The sources of anxiety for a sample of 132 young males with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) were investigated from standardised scales and verbal responses to a series of open-ended questions asked to them and their mothers. As well as using parametric statistics to test for effects on standardised scales, verbal responses were analysed via NVivo to identify nine themes, of which five were most often cited by participants. There were no major age-related differences in the responses from young (aged 6 to 11yr) "vs" older (aged 12 to 18yr) sons or their mothers, but there were differences between mothers' and sons' data. These differences were related to elevated tension and inability to relax by the sons, and were largest for the theme of "unexpected changes" (rated as more anxiety-provoking by the mothers than by their sons) and "specific fears" (rated more anxiety-provoking by the sons than by their mothers). One particular aspect of the sons' Auditory Processing was identified as the sole significant contributor to mother-son disagreement. Implications for clinical processes are discussed.

To investigate possible correlates of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) in young males with ASD, a test of the mediation effects of sensory features (SF) upon the association between ASD symptoms and GAD was conducted with 150 males aged 6 to 18 years. GAD data were obtained from parents of the boys and from the boys themselves; SF and ASD data were obtained from parents. Symptoms of ASD were found to influence elevated levels of parent-rated GAD indirectly through greater levels of sensory avoiding, and auditory-specific sensory behaviours correlated with parent-rated anxiety more strongly than other sensory modalities. There were no significant effects for the boys' self-rated GAD.

To investigate possible correlates of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) in young males with ASD, a test of the mediation effects of sensory features (SF) upon the association between ASD symptoms and GAD was conducted with 150 males aged 6 to 18 years. GAD data were obtained from parents of the boys and from the boys themselves; SF and ASD data were obtained from parents. Symptoms of ASD were found to influence elevated levels of parent-rated GAD indirectly through greater levels of sensory avoiding, and auditory-specific sensory behaviours correlated with parent-rated anxiety more strongly than other sensory modalities. There were no significant effects for the boys' self-rated GAD., Author(s): Vicki Bitsika [sup.1] , Wayne A. Arnold [sup.1] , Christopher F. Sharpley [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.1033.1, 0000 0004 0405 3820, Centre for Autism Spectrum Disorder, Bond University, , [...]

Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) patients often experience depression. One possible buffer against stress‐related depression is psychological resilience (PR), which has been described as heterogeneous in structure, like major depressive disorder (MDD). Although both of these constructs are central to understanding and assisting distressed PCa patients, no data have been reported on how they connect via network arrays at a component and symptom level. Such information has the potential to inform clinical practice with depressed PCa patients. Methods: Using a cross‐sectional design, 555 PCa patients completed the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) and the Connor–Davison Resilience Scale (CDRISC). Data were analysed via network analysis. Results: Network analysis indicated that various CDRISC factors interacted with different PHQ‐9 symptoms. For example, trust in one's instincts, tolerance of negative affect, and strengthening effects of stress (CDRISC) was associated with concentration problems and suicidal ideation (PHQ‐9); positive acceptance of change, and secure relationships (CDRISC) was linked to low self‐worth, anhedonia, fatigue/lethargy, motor problems, depressed mood, and concentration and appetite problems (PHQ‐9). Similarly heterogeneous associations were found between individual CDRISC items and PHQ‐9 symptoms. Network analytic figures depict both these sets of associations. Conclusions: As well as confirming the heterogeneous nature of PR and MDD in PCa patients, these findings argue for the further development of 'individualised' medicine approaches when working with PCa patients and their experiences of depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is a book review of "Playing the percentages: How film distribution made the Hollywood studio system" by Derek Long. The book explores the early evolution of film distribution from 1896 to 1930, focusing on the package, space, time, and pricing aspects of distribution. Long argues that the distribution industry fused differentiated features and programmatic fare into a single, flexible system. The review notes that the book lacks engaging storytelling and is dense with information, but acknowledges its value in understanding the historical development of distribution systems. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: Many prostate cancer patients also suffer from depression, which can decrease their life satisfaction and also impede recovery from their cancer. This study described the network structure of depressive symptomatology in prostate cancer patients, with a view to providing suggestions for clinical interventions for depressed patients. Methods: Using a cross‐sectional design, 555 prostate cancer patients completed the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9). Results: Network analysis and multidimensional scaling indicated that anhedonia was the most central symptom for these men, and that several sets of depression symptoms were closely associated with each other. These included anhedonia‐depressed mood; sleeping problems‐fatigue/lethargy; and suicidal ideation‐low self‐worth‐depressed mood. Other depression symptoms such as appetite problems, concentration problems, and motor problems, were less well‐related with the remainder of the network. Patients receiving treatment for reocurring prostate cancer (PCa) had significantly higher PHQ9 scores than patients undergoing their initial treatment, but no major differences in their network structures. Implications for clinical practice were derived from the relationships between individual depression symptoms and the overall depression network by examining node predictability. Conclusions: The use of total depression scores on an inventory does not reflect the underlying network structure of depression in PCa patients. Identification and treatment of the central symptom of anhedonia in PCa patients suggests the need to adopt specific therapies that are focussed upon this symptom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]