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Initialement publie en allemand, l’article de Patrick Buhler traduit et publie ci-apres porte sur l’histoire de la « pedagogie psychanalytique » entre 1910 et 1945. C’est l’occasion de lire en francais une recherche menee dans un autre espace linguistique que le notre.

Compilation of the the prerequisites and preliminary requirements for a user-centred, inclusive approach to develop technology and experiences for the Cultural Heritage Contexts, specifically focussed on the representation, presentation and preservation of Heritage Crafts (HC).

Reports on the three Mingei Pilots which regard the digitalization, preservation and presentation of the crafts of silk weaving, mastic cultivation and glass blowing respectively.

A partir d’une analyse des sources iconographiques et textuelles documentant l’organisation du travail de la couleur qui se met en place au xvie siecle entre les populations Tupinambas et les marins Normands, cet article etudie les conditions de production du colorant de bois-Bresil a la Renaissance et les rapports de production qui les determinent au sein des societes tupi et francaise.

Foreword - Who is this handbook for? This handbook is addressed to persons, social groups, or organisations, interested in the documentation, preservation, and safeguarding of crafts. The targeted audiences of the protocol are: CH professionals, scholars, and the public for comprehensive documentation of CH. CRAFT practitioner, community, student and master for documentation of own craft, promotion of craft, educational material, interactive and educational experience, and online courses. CRAFT friend, enthusiasts for documentation of personal work, collection of works of interest. CH industry: revenue stimulation for the safeguarding of crafts, through (a) sustainable thematic tourism services and (b) utilisation of traditional crafts in modern contexts. Local authorities, businesses, and public bodies are interested in a comprehensive presentation of a craft, its relation to local tradition and thematic tourism. Mingei is committed to the provision of service to the CH professionals the outcomes of the Mingei technical tools strive to adhere to international standards of CH documentation and representation. The Mingei protocol encompasses a wide range of representation methods. These methods fall into the topics of artefact digitisation, semantic representation, and curation of content. The Mingei approach strives to simplify technical topics, by providing tailored technical tools that specialise in the tasks required for craft documentation in a human-comprehensible fashion. Nevertheless, as the representation of a craft includes representation of socio-historic context the scientific experience of the curator, historian, or anthropologist, is relevant to the quality and accuracy of the authored descriptions. The curation of heritage items and practices is a multi-disciplinary subject, which for in-depth study requires a pertinent scientific background. The Mingei protocol avails the possibility of exploiting advanced technologies in the domains of artefact digitisation, motion capture, and knowledge representation. Nevertheless, a baseline craft representation can be achieved even with modest technological resources and expertise, namely a camera, a computer, and an Internet connection and the capacity to operate them.

Foreword - Who is this handbook for? This handbook is addressed to persons, social groups, or organisations, interested in the documentation, preservation, and safeguarding of crafts. The targeted audiences of the protocol are: CH professionals, scholars, and the public for comprehensive documentation of CH. CRAFT practitioner, community, student and master for documentation of own craft, promotion of craft, educational material, interactive and educational experience, and online courses. CRAFT friend, enthusiasts for documentation of personal work, collection of works of interest. CH industry: revenue stimulation for the safeguarding of crafts, through (a) sustainable thematic tourism services and (b) utilisation of traditional crafts in modern contexts. Local authorities, businesses, and public bodies are interested in a comprehensive presentation of a craft, its relation to local tradition and thematic tourism. Mingei is committed to the provision of service to the CH professionals the outcomes of the Mingei technical tools strive to adhere to international standards of CH documentation and representation. The Mingei protocol encompasses a wide range of representation methods. These methods fall into the topics of artefact digitisation, semantic representation, and curation of content. The Mingei approach strives to simplify technical topics, by providing tailored technical tools that specialise in the tasks required for craft documentation in a human-comprehensible fashion. Nevertheless, as the representation of a craft includes representation of socio-historic context the scientific experience of the curator, historian, or anthropologist, is relevant to the quality and accuracy of the authored descriptions. The curation of heritage items and practices is a multi-disciplinary subject, which for in-depth study requires a pertinent scientific background. The Mingei protocol avails the possibility of exploiting advanced technologies in the domains of artefact digitisation, motion capture, and knowledge representation. Nevertheless, a baseline craft representation can be achieved even with modest technological resources and expertise, namely a camera, a computer, and an Internet connection and the capacity to operate them.

This paper reports on the latest advances in line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT), a recently invented imaging technology that now allows the generation of either horizontal (x × y) section images at an adjustable depth or vertical (x × z) section images at an adjustable lateral position, as well as three-dimensional images. For both two-dimensional imaging modes, images are acquired in real-time, with real-time control of the depth and lateral positions. Three-dimensional (x × y × z) images are acquired from a stack of horizontal section images. The device is in the form of a portable probe. The handle of the probe has a button and a scroll wheel allowing the user to control the imaging modes. Using a supercontinuum laser as a broadband light source and a high numerical microscope objective, an isotropic spatial resolution of ∼1 µm is achieved. The field of view of the three-dimensional images is 1.2 mm × 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm (x × y × z). Images of skin tissues are presented to demonstrate the potential of the technology in dermatology. [Image: see text]

Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a recently introduced high-resolution imaging modality based on a combination of low-coherence optical interferometry and reflectance confocal optical microscopy with line illumination and line detection. Capable of producing three-dimensional (3D) images of the skin with cellular resolution, in vivo, LC-OCT has been mainly applied in dermatology and dermo-cosmetology. The LC-OCT devices capable of acquiring 3D images reported so far are based on a Linnik interferometer using two identical microscope objectives. In this configuration, LC-OCT cannot be designed to be a very compact and light device, and the image acquisition speed is limited.The objective of this work was to develop a more compact and lighter LC-OCT device that is capable of acquiring images faster without significant degradation of the resolution and with optimized detection sensitivity.We developed an LC-OCT device based on a Mirau interferometer using a single objective. Dynamic adjustment of the camera frequency during the depth scan is implemented, using a faster camera and a more powerful light source. The reflectivity of the beam-splitter in the Mirau interferometer was optimized to maximize the detection sensitivity. A galvanometer scanner was incorporated into the device for scanning the illumination line laterally. A stack of adjacent B-scans, constituting a 3D image, can thus be acquired.The device is able to acquire and display B-scans at 17 fps. 3D images with a quasi-isotropic resolution of ∼1.5 μm (1.3, 1.9, and 1.1 μm in the x , y, and z directions, respectively) over a field of 940 μm × 600 μm × 350 μm (x × y × z) can be obtained. 3D imaging of human skin at cellular resolution, in vivo, is reported.The acquisition rate of the B-scans, at 17 fps, is unprecedented in LC-OCT. Compared with the conventional LC-OCT devices based on a Linnik interferometer, the reported Mirau-based LC-OCT device can acquire B-scans ∼2 times faster. With potential advantages in terms of compactness and weight, a Mirau-based device could easily be integrated into a smaller and lighter handheld probe for use by dermatologists in their daily medical practice.

Although numerous pathologies are associated with abnormal skin deposits, these remain poorly described, as accurate characterization continues to present a challenge for dermatologists. Their submicrometer size as well as their diverse chemistry require various characterization tools. We aim to exemplify characterization of endogenous and exogenous skin deposits in some selected skin diseases using different physico-chemical techniques. We begin with a presentation of selected dis-eases associated with skin deposits. We then present those of our results which show their variety of structure, location and chemical composition, obtained with various tools: Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, vibra-tional spectroscopies, as well as techniques specific to synchrotron radiation. Our results constitute a real opportunity to improve diagnosis, and to understand the pathogenesis of many skin diseases, and opportunities for therapeutic intervention.

Epidermal three-dimensional (3D) topography/quantification has not been completely characterized yet. The recently developed line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) provides real-time, high-resolution, in-vivo 3D imaging of the skin. This pilot study aimed at quantifying epidermal metrics (epidermal thicknesses, dermal-epidermal junction [DEJ] undulation and keratinocyte number/shape/size) using 3D LC-OCT. For each study participant (8 female, skin-type-II, younger/older volunteers), seven body sites were imaged with LC-OCT. Epidermal metrics were calculated by segmentations and measurements assisted by artificial intelligence (AI) when appropriate. Thicknesses of epidermis/SC, DEJ undulation and keratinocyte nuclei volume varied across body sites. Evidence of keratinocyte maturation was observed in vivo: keratinocyte nuclei being small/spherical near the DEJ and flatter/elliptical near the skin surface. Skin microanatomy can be quantified by combining LC-OCT and AI. This technology could be highly relevant to understand aging processes and conditions linked to epidermal disorders. Future clinical/research applications are to be expected in this scenario.

L’auteur presente une recherche qu’il a menee dans le cadre de son Habilitation a diriger des recherches en sciences de l’education. Considerant son dispositif d’analyse de pratiques professionnelles comme un dispositif a mediation, il cherche a situer cette proposition dans le courant de recherche articulant education et psychanalyse en France. Pour cela, il fait un travail de reperage et d’analyse des usages de la notion de mediation dans la revue Cliopsy entre 2009 et 2017. Il rappelle d’abord que la notion de mediation a fait l’objet de nombreux travaux dans la discipline « sciences de l’education » depuis les annees 1980, notamment dans le champ de la pedagogie institutionnelle. Il identifie ensuite cinq acceptions de la notion de mediation telle qu’elle est mobilisee dans les dixsept premiers numeros de la revue Cliopsy. Il repere ainsi des evolutions et des inflexions theoriques concernant les usages de la notion de mediation dans le courant de recherche clinique d’orientation psychanalytique en education et formation.

La tomographie par cohérence optique, plus communément appelée par son acronyme anglais OCT (optical coherence tomography), est une technique d’imagerie non invasive des milieux biologiques, à résolution micrométrique, dont l’impact le plus remarquable concerne l’ophtalmologie. L’OCT « plein champ » est une approche originale de l’OCT, inventée par les auteurs de cet article, qui est désormais disponible commercialement. Après avoir exposé le principe de l’OCT plein champ, nous détaillerons ses performances en soulignant les avantages et les inconvénients par rapport à l’OCT classique. Les potentialités de cette technique seront illustrées par quelques exemples d’applications dans les domaines de l’embryologie, la biologie du développement, l’ophtalmologie et la cancérologie. Enfin, nous présenterons différentes extensions de l'OCT plein champ, exploitant la biréfringence des tissus ainsi que leurs propriétés spectroscopiques et élastiques.Les mouvements des structures intracellulaires dans les tissus fraîchement prélevés peuvent également constituer une source de contraste complémentaire pour l'imagerie par OCT plein champ.

An approach to the representation and presentation of spatial and geographical context of cultural heritage sites is proposed. The goal is to combine semantic representations of social and historical context with 3D representations of cultural heritage sites acquired through 3D reconstruction and 3D modeling technologies, to support their interpretation and presentation in education and tourism. Several use cases support and demonstrate the application of the proposed approach including immersive craft and context demonstration environment and interactive games.

Background Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a non-invasive optical technique recently developed for skin examination in vivo. It provides real-time, high-resolution vertical images with an isotropic resolution of similar to 1 mu m and a penetration depth of similar to 500 mu m. Objectives Study goals were to qualitatively/quantitatively characterize healthy skin at different body sites using LC-OCT. Methods The skin of young healthy volunteers was imaged with a handheld LC-OCT imaging device. Seven body sites (back of the hand, forehead, cheek, nose, chest, forearm and back) were investigated. An independent qualitative [cutaneous structures' description; visibility of keratinocytes' nuclei and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ)] and quantitative [stratum corneum (SC)/epidermal thicknesses; height of dermal papillae] assessment of the LC-OCT images was performed. Results A total of 88 LC-OCT images were collected from 29 participants (20 females; nine males; mean age 25.9 years). Keratinocytes' nuclei and DEJ were visible in the totality of images. The different layers of the epidermis and the remaining cutaneous structures/findings were visualized. Body sites-related variability was detected for SC/epidermal thicknesses and height of dermal papillae. Inter-observer agreement was excellent (SC thickness), good-to-excellent (epidermal thickness) and moderate-to-good (papillae). Conclusions Line-field confocal-OCT provides non-invasive, real-time imaging of the skin in vivo with deep penetration and high resolution, enabling the visualization of single cells. The histology-like vertical view provides an easy way to recognize/measure different cutaneous structures/findings. LC-OCT appears as a promising technique for the examination of physiological/pathological skin.

This paper reports on line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT), a recently invented imaging technology now capable of generating either a horizontal (en face) section image at an adjustable depth, or a vertical section image (B-scan) at an adjustable lateral position. For both operating modes, images are acquired in real-time (10 frames/second), with real-time control of the depth and lateral positions. Using a supercontinuum laser as a broadband light source and a high numerical microscope objective, an isotropic spatial resolution of ∼ 1 μm is achieved. The imaging fields of view are 1.2×0.5 mm² (x×y, horizontal) and 1.2×0.5 mm² (x×z, vertical). LC-OCT has been used in dermatology for skin imaging.

Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is an imaging technique based on time-domain OCT with line illumination and line detection. The focus is adjusted during the scan of the sample depth to image with high lateral resolution (~ 1 μm), similar to the axial resolution, at a central wavelength of ~ 800 nm. The LC-OCT prototypes reported so far were all based on a Linnik-type interferometer. We present in this paper a LC-OCT device based on a Mirau interferometer. This Mirau-based LC-OCT device has the advantage of being more compact and lighter. In vivo imaging of human skin with a resolution of 1.3 μm × 1.1 μm (lateral × axial) is demonstrated at 12 frames per second over a field of 0.9 mm × 0.4 mm (lateral × axial).