23 results on '"Arnaud Adam"'
Search Results
2. Cartography of interaction fields in and around Brussels: commuting, moves and telephone calls
- Author
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Arnaud Adam, Jean-Charles Delvenne, and Isabelle Thomas
- Subjects
metropolitan area ,territorial development ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Using conventional relational data (residential migrations, commutes to and from the workplace) and less conventional relational data (mobile telephony calls), the space in and around the Brussels-Capital Region is partitioned into groups of closely inter-related places using a mathematical community detection method. The partitions obtained lead to strong spatial structures, while neither the distance nor the characteristics of the places are taken into account in this method. This article illustrates how large databases (big data) and their specific methods provide new opportunities for urban analyses (delimitation of urban borders, formalisation of intra-urban structures), and remind us here that no structure may be interpreted without a thorough understanding of data, the tools used and regional and urban theories.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Cartografie van de interactiegebieden in en rond Brussel: pendelverkeer, verhuizingen en telefoongesprekken
- Author
-
Arnaud Adam, Jean-Charles Delvenne, and Isabelle Thomas
- Subjects
metropolitan area ,territorial development ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Using conventional relational data (residential migrations, commutes to and from the workplace) and less conventional relational data (mobile telephony calls), the space in and around the Brussels-Capital Region is partitioned into groups of closely inter-related places using a mathematical community detection method. The partitions obtained lead to strong spatial structures, while neither the distance nor the characteristics of the places are taken into account in this method. This article illustrates how large databases (big data) and their specific methods provide new opportunities for urban analyses (delimitation of urban borders, formalisation of intra-urban structures), and remind us here that no structure may be interpreted without a thorough understanding of data, the tools used and regional and urban theories.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Migration and commuting interactions fields: a new geography with community detection algorithm?
- Author
-
Isabelle Thomas, Arnaud Adam, and Ann Verhetsel
- Subjects
community detection ,interaction fields ,migration ,commuting ,provinces ,Belgium ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
The objective is to refresh the geography of Belgium using interactions between places by means of a community detection algorithm (Louvain Method) inspired by Complex theory and Data Sciences. Places that are tightly related are optimally clustered into communities, leading to a new and optimal partition of Belgium. Migrations and commuting movements (Census11) are here analysed. We obtain a mosaic of “interaction fields” that are here interpreted in terms of methodological choices, human and urban geography as well as Belgian political dilemmas. They give the opportunity to remind that researchers have to control the impact of their methodological choices and that each type of data leads to a different geographical partitioning, with one major unexpected common spatial feature in Belgium: the pre-eminence of the provincial borders. This perfectly fits with current political questioning.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Belgium through the Lens of Rail Travel Requests: Does Geography Still Matter?
- Author
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Jonathan Jones, Christophe Cloquet, Arnaud Adam, Adeline Decuyper, and Isabelle Thomas
- Subjects
big data ,railway transport ,Belgium ,Louvain method ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
This paper uses on-line railway travel requests from the iRail schedule-finder application for assessing the suitability of that kind of big data for transportation planning and to examine the temporal and regional variations of the travel demand by train in Belgium. Travel requests are collected over a two-month period and consist of origin-destination flows between stations operated by the Belgian national railway company in 2016. The Louvain method is applied to detect communities of tightly-connected stations. Results show the influence of both the urban and network structures on the spatial organization of the clusters. We also further discuss the implications of the observed temporal and regional variations of these clusters for transportation travel demand and planning.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. atlas.brussels, un outil de géovisualisation de l’extension et de la fragmentation métropolitaine bruxelloise
- Author
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Olivier Finance, Arnaud Adam, and Isabelle Thomas
- Subjects
Brussels ,geovisualisation ,interactive cartography ,community detection ,d3.js ,Mathematical geography. Cartography ,GA1-1776 - Abstract
atlas.brussels is an interactive online geovisualization tool that questions the spatial extension and the internal fragmentation of the Brussels metropolitan area. To do this, the tool focuses in an original way on spatial interaction networks considered at both the national and the metropolitan scales. Among these networks appear movements of people (as home-to-work commuting), communications (as phone calls) and economic interactions (through the road freight interactions). Therefore, atlas.brussels combines, supplements, expands and promotes researches made on the metropolitan area of Brussels, and remains open to the integration of other datasets.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Detecting communities with the multi-scale Louvain method: robustness test on the metropolitan area of Brussels.
- Author
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Arnaud Adam, Jean-Charles Delvenne, and Isabelle Thomas
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Does Tolling Per Kilometre Compensate for the External Costs of Trucks? A Geographical Approach for Belgium
- Author
-
Arnaud Adam, Stef Proost, Isabelle Thomas, and UCL - SSH/LIDAM/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics
- Subjects
transportation ,external costs ,Truck ,General Social Sciences ,toll ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Using detailed Global Navigation Satellite System tracing data emitted by all trucks having a gross vehicle weight of over 3.5 tons in Belgium, this paper assesses the efficiency of the current Belgian distance tax system by analyzing its spatial coverage and the matching of the distance taxes with the external costs, globally and locally. Specifically, three research questions are addressed. First, how well do the present charge rates match with external costs? Second, the operationalization of the system requires a good spatial coverage of truck movements. Does the present system guarantee an almost universal coverage? Third, do the distance charges match the external costs? We find that if the distance tax scheme differentiates regionally, it still misses large variations in noise costs. The current tracing infrastructure also captures only part of the truck operations on the territory. If distance tolls for trucks remain the backbone of the taxation of truck operations, it then needs further refinement in time and space if one wants it to be the major tool to correct for the external costs.
- Published
- 2022
9. atlas.brussels, un outil de géovisualisation de l’extension et de la fragmentation métropolitaine bruxelloise
- Author
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Olivier Finance, Isabelle Thomas, Arnaud Adam, Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Brussels ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,détection de communautés ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,cartographie interactive ,Bruxelles ,021107 urban & regional planning ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,02 engineering and technology ,interactive cartography ,geovisualisation ,Political science ,community detection ,d3.js ,050703 geography ,Humanities ,géovisualisation - Abstract
atlas.brussels est un outil de géovisualisation interactive en ligne qui permet de questionner l’extension spatiale et la fragmentation interne de l’aire métropolitaine bruxelloise. Pour ce faire, l’outil se focalise de manière originale sur des réseaux d’interaction spatiale appréhendés à la fois à l’échelle nationale et métropolitaine. Parmi les diverses composantes considérées figurent les déplacements de personnes (notamment domicile-travail), les communications (notamment les appels téléphoniques) ou encore les échanges économiques (notamment par le fret routier). atlas.brussels permet pour cela de rassembler, compléter, étendre et valoriser des travaux de recherche sur l’aire métropolitaine bruxelloise, et reste ouvert à l’intégration d’autres jeux de données. atlas.brussels is an interactive online geovisualization tool that questions the spatial extension and the internal fragmentation of the Brussels metropolitan area. To do this, the tool focuses in an original way on spatial interaction networks considered at both the national and the metropolitan scales. Among these networks appear movements of people (as home-to-work commuting), communications (as phone calls) and economic interactions (through the road freight interactions). Therefore, atlas.brussels combines, supplements, expands and promotes researches made on the metropolitan area of Brussels, and remains open to the integration of other datasets.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Detecting communities with the multi-scale Louvain method: robustness test on the metropolitan area of Brussels
- Author
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Isabelle Thomas, Arnaud Adam, Jean-Charles Delvenne, UCL - SSH/IMMAQ/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics, and UCL - SST/ICTM/INMA - Pôle en ingénierie mathématique
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,Data science ,Metropolitan area ,urban planning ,Urban geography ,Urban economics ,sensitivity analysis ,Urban planning ,Large networks ,Robustness (computer science) ,community detection ,050703 geography ,Sensitivity analyses ,commuting movements - Abstract
Detecting communities in large networks has become a common practice in socio-spatial analyses and has led to the development of numerous dedicated mathematical algorithms. Nowadays, however, researchers face a deluge of data and algorithms, and great care must be taken regarding methodological questions such as the values of the parameters and the geographical characteristics of the data. We aim here at testing the sensitivity of multi-scale modularity optimized by the Louvain method to the value of the resolution parameter (introduced by Reichardt and Bornholdt (Phys Rev Lett 93(21):218701, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.218701 ) and controlling the size of the communities) and to a number of spatial issues such as the inclusion of internal loops and the delineation of the study area. We compare the community structures with those found by another well-known community detection algorithm (Infomap), and we further interpret the final results in terms of urban geography. Sensitivity analyses are conducted for commuting movements in and around Brussels. Results reveal slight effects of spatial issues (inclusion of the internal loops, definition of the study area) on the partition into job basins, while the resolution parameter plays a major role in the final results and their interpretation in terms of urban geography. Community detection methods seem to reveal a surprisingly strong spatial effect of commuting patterns: Similar partitions are obtained with different methods. This paper highlights the advantages and sensitivities of the multi-scale Louvain method and more particularly of defining communities of places. Despite these sensitivities, the method proves to be a valuable tool for geographers and planners.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Bassins résidentiels en Belgique : deux méthodes, une réalité ?
- Author
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Arnaud Adam, Jean-Paul Duprez, Julien Charlier, Marc Debuisson, Isabelle Reginster, and Isabelle Thomas
- Subjects
Geography, Planning and Development ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
Les flux migratoires sont souvent privilegies pour apprehender l’organisation spatiale des territoires. Avec l’explosion des grandes bases de donnees et des technologies de l’information, de nouveaux outils (methodes et donnees) sont mis a disposition des chercheurs. Deux methodes de partitionnement spatial sont eprouvees sur la meme base de donnees relationnelles : Anabel (developpee par l’Insee) et la methode de Louvain (issue des sciences des donnees). L’objectif est de comparer leurs avantages et inconvenients, tout en apportant une lecture geographique critique des resultats obtenus a partir d’un jeu de donnees theoriques, et d’un jeu de donnees reelles (migrations inter-communales en Belgique, sans tenir compte des migrations intra-communales). Les resultats rappellent que partitionner un espace n’est pas un exercice anodin, que les resultats dependent fortement des methodes et seuils utilises, et que la prise de decision liee au partitionnement du territoire devrait toujours etre prudente et avisee.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Revisiting urban models with information and communication technology data? Some examples from Brussels
- Author
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Isabelle Thomas, Ann Verhetsel, Gaetan Montero, Arnaud Adam, Olivier Finance, and UCL - SSH/LIDAM/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics
- Subjects
Economics ,Information and Communications Technology ,Computer science ,Data science - Abstract
n/a
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Exploring new geographies of interactions in and around the metropolitan area of Brussels
- Author
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Arnaud Adam, UCL - SSH/LIDAM - Louvain Institute of Data Analysis and Modeling in economics and statistics, UCL - Faculté des Sciences, Thomas, Isabelle, Delvenne, Jean-Charles, Chevalier, Philippe, Verhetsel, Ann, Cottineau, Clémentine, Cloquet, Christophe, Dehaibe, Xavier, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Université catholique de Louvain, and Isabelle Thomas
- Subjects
Big data ,Community detection ,Geography ,Interaction ,big data ,transport ,network ,community detection ,réseaux ,détection de communautés ,Transport ,Network ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography - Abstract
In a global effort to achieve sustainable land management, regional and urban planning call for new adaptive datasets and methods to better grasp interactions between people and places. Understanding the moves of people, freight and information, and the relationships with the geographies of places are necessary knowledge for land use policies.Big-data currently offer a huge amount of information at very fine scales and in real-time. Analysing these data requires new techniques to obtain quick robust results. When dealing with origin and destination matrices resulting from big-data, community detection methods are useful to find how places are connected. The Louvain Method was applied on census or sensors datasets to define ‘interaction fields’. Analyses are performed on Belgium and Brussels.After a theoretical background, the second Part performs sensitivity analyses of the Louvain Method. The third part analyses moves of people. Results show that communities of commuting moves are much larger than those obtained by residential changes, and that administrative borders are serious constraints, confirmed by the study of train schedules requests. The fourth part uses GPS traces left by trucks as proxy of freight transportation. Diverting a dataset from its original fiscal objective requires pre-processing and conceptualisation that are time consuming. However, outcomes show that this dataset is a real opportunity to model goods transportation. Finally, the fifth part deals with mobile phone as proxy of moves of information. The very fine scale of the data and their variation in time lead to urban pulses but also to partitions varying in time and space. Big-data are a real opportunity to measure and understand space, but they need to be clearly understood and theoretically conceptualised.; Dans l’effort global d’atteindre une gestion durable du territoire, l’aménagement du territoire urbain et régional requièrent de nouvelles données et méthodes afin de mieux évaluer les interactions entre les personnes et les lieux. Comprendre les déplacements des personnes, du fret et de l’information, ainsi que leurs relations avec la géographie des lieux sont des connaissances nécessaires aux politiques d’aménagement du territoire.Les big-data offrent actuellement un déluge d’information en temps-réel à une échelle très fine, et l’analyse de celles-ci nécessite de nouvelles techniques pour obtenir rapidement des résultats robustes. Lorsque l’on manipule des matrices d’origines et de destinations résultant des big-data, les méthodes de détections de communautés sont efficaces pour mettre en évidence comment les lieux sont connectés. La Méthode de Louvain a été appliquée de nombreuses fois sur des données du census mais également sur des données provenant de senseurs afin de définir des ‘champs d’interactions’. Les analyses ont été appliquées à l’échelle de la Belgique et de Bruxelles.Après le développement du cadre théorique, la deuxième partie de cette thèse se concentre sur les analyses de sensibilité de la Méthode de Louvain. La troisième partie analyse quant à elle les mouvements des personnes. Les résultats montrent que les communautés de navettes ont une empreinte spatiale plus large que celles détectées dans les mouvements de changements de résidence, et que les frontières administratives sont de sérieuses contraintes, comme confirmé par l’étude des données portant sur les recherches des horaires de trains effectuées depuis internet. La quatrième partie utilise les traces GPS émises par la circulation des camions comme un proxy du transport de fret. Détourner un tel jeu de données de son objectif fiscal initial demande des traitements et des conceptualisations qui sont consommatrice de temps. Cependant, les résultats font de ces données une réelle opportunité de modélisation du transport de marchandise. Finalement, la cinquième partie se concentre sur les appels téléphoniques mobiles comme proxy des mouvements d’informations dans l’espace. L’échelle très fine des données, ainsi que leurs variations dans le temps mènent aux pulsations des villes mais également à des partitions spatiales qui varient dans le temps et l’espace. Les big-data sont donc une réelle opportunité de mesurer et de comprendre l’espace mais elles ont besoin d’être clairement comprises et théoriquement conceptualisées.
- Published
- 2019
14. Monitoring trucks to reveal Belgian geographical structures and dynamics: From GPS traces to spatial interactions
- Author
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Arnaud Adam, Olivier Finance, Isabelle Thomas, Center of Operation Research and Econometrics [Louvain] (CORE), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and UCL - SSH/LIDAM/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics
- Subjects
Truck ,Interaction ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Big data ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Transportation ,02 engineering and technology ,Interconnectivity ,Belgium ,Originality ,0502 economics and business ,Regional science ,Spatial analysis ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,050210 logistics & transportation ,Measure (data warehouse) ,Geography ,Spatial traces ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,021107 urban & regional planning ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,GNSS applications ,Freight ,Global Positioning System ,business - Abstract
Despite the fact that freight transport has a huge impact on the economy and the environment, Belgian datasets have always been scarce or restricted to very small a-spatial samples. Spatial data collected in Belgium for toll-paying trucks are here examined, and geographical structures and dynamics are extracted from this massive dataset. The originality of this dataset is its exhaustivity and its real-time approach: the location of all the trucks circulating in Belgium is collected every 30 s. The paper first relates to the methodology applied when using and transforming big data generated by On Board Units GNSS (cleaning, transforming and pre-processing). Second, it maps and comments on the movements (traffic) and stops of trucks within the whole country, providing a clear picture of the Belgian situation, useful for regional planners and logistics companies. Finally, the flows of trucks observed between Belgian locations enable the country to be divided into mathematical communities of places that interact the most. Analyses are performed for sub-categories based on the country of registration, underlining the spatial specificities of freight transit in Belgium. This exploratory spatial data analysis enables to reveal not only multi-level spatial structures associated with urban hierarchies and the transport infrastructure, but also firm locations or political organizations and to consider the complexity and interconnectivity of any measure taken for a more sustainable future. With a clear methodological framework to cope with the data pre-processing, this paper opens the way to various potential applications linked with freight transportation in Belgium.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Cartografie van de interactiegebieden in en rond Brussel: pendelverkeer, verhuizingen en telefoongesprekken
- Author
-
Jean-Charles Delvenne, Arnaud Adam, and Isabelle Thomas
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,développement territorial ,territorial development ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,grootstedelijk gebied ,aire métropolitaine ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,Urban Studies ,metropolitan area ,territoriale ontwikkeling ,050703 geography - Abstract
Aan de hand van conventionele (woonmigraties en woon-werkverplaatsingen) en minder conventionele (mobiele telefoongesprekken) relationele gegevens wordt de ruimte in en rond het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest opgedeeld in groepen van plaatsen, die nauw met elkaar verbonden zijn, op basis van een wiskundige methode voor de detectie van gemeenschappen. De verkregen indelingen (partities) leiden tot sterke ruimtelijke structuren, hoewel de methode geen rekening houdt met de afstand en de karakteristieken van de plaatsen. Dit artikel licht toe dat de grote databanken (big data) en hun speciaal daarvoor bestemde methodes nieuwe mogelijkheden voor stadsanalyses (afbakening van de stadsranden en formalisering van de intrastedelijke structuren) aanreiken en een kans bieden om eraan te herinneren dat geen enkele structuur geïnterpreteerd kan worden zonder de gegevens, gebruikte instrumenten maar ook de regionale en stedelijke theorieën te kennen. A l’aide de données relationnelles conventionnelles (migrations résidentielles, navettes de travail) et moins conventionnelles (appels de téléphonie mobile), l’espace dans et autour de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale est partitionné en groupes de lieux fortement inter-reliés à l’aide d’une méthode mathématique de détection de communautés. Les partitions obtenues conduisent à des structures spatiales fortes alors que ni la distance ni les caractéristiques des lieux ne sont prises en compte par la méthode. Cet article illustre comme les grandes bases de données (big data) et leurs méthodes spécialement dédiées offrent de nouvelles opportunités pour les analyses urbaines (délimitation des bordures urbaines, formalisation des structures intra-urbaines) et donnent ici l’occasion de rappeler qu’aucune structure ne peut s’interpréter sans la maîtrise des données, des outils utilisés mais aussi des théories régionales et urbaines. Using conventional relational data (residential migrations, commutes to and from the workplace) and less conventional relational data (mobile telephony calls), the space in and around the Brussels-Capital Region is partitioned into groups of closely inter-related places using a mathematical community detection method. The partitions obtained lead to strong spatial structures, while neither the distance nor the characteristics of the places are taken into account in this method. This article illustrates how large databases (big data) and their specific methods provide new opportunities for urban analyses (delimitation of urban borders, formalisation of intra-urban structures), and remind us here that no structure may be interpreted without a thorough understanding of data, the tools used and regional and urban theories.
- Published
- 2017
16. Migration and commuting interactions fields: a new geography with community detection algorithm?
- Author
-
Ann Verhetsel, Arnaud Adam, Isabelle Thomas, UCL - SSH/LIDAM/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics, and UCL - SSH/IMMAQ/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics
- Subjects
Economics ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,lcsh:G1-922 ,navettes ,Mosaic (geodemography) ,02 engineering and technology ,migration ,provinces ,Urban geography ,Politics ,champs d’interactions ,Belgium ,commuting ,Feature (machine learning) ,community detection ,interaction fields ,Belgique ,05 social sciences ,détection de communautés ,021107 urban & regional planning ,General Medicine ,interation fields ,Geography ,Partition (politics) ,Census11 ,050703 geography ,Algorithm ,lcsh:Geography (General) - Abstract
The objective is to refresh the geography of Belgium using interactions between places by means of a community detection algorithm (Louvain Method) inspired by Complex theory and Data Sciences. Places that are tightly related are optimally clustered into communities, leading to a new and optimal partition of Belgium. Migrations and commuting movements (Census11) are here analysed. We obtain a mosaic of “interaction fields” that are here interpreted in terms of methodological choices, human and urban geography as well as Belgian political dilemmas. They give the opportunity to remind that researchers have to control the impact of their methodological choices and that each type of data leads to a different geographical partitioning, with one major unexpected common spatial feature in Belgium: the pre-eminence of the provincial borders. This perfectly fits with current political questioning. L’objectif est d’apporter un regard neuf sur la géographie de la Belgique à l’aide de données relationnelles et d’un algorithme de détection de communautés (Méthode de Louvain) inspiré de l’ingénierie mathématique et des sciences de données. Les lieux qui sont fortement liés en termes d’échanges sont ici classés de façon optimale en « communautés », conduisant à une partition innovante de la Belgique. Nous nous limitons ici aux mouvements de navettes et aux déménagements (migrations) issus du dernier recensement (Census11).Les différentes partitions de la Belgique sont discutées et interprétées d’un point de vue géographique et méthodologique. Ces résultats nous donnent l’occasion de rappeler qu’il importe de maîtriser les choix méthodologiques et que chaque type de données conduit à une partition différente qu’il convient d’interpréter en fonction de la théorie. De manière surprenante, une tendance spatiale inattendue apparaît à travers les résultats obtenus : la prééminence des frontières provinciales. Ce résultat interpelle au vu des questionnements politiques actuels en Belgique.
- Published
- 2017
17. Identifying Cognate Sets Across Dictionaries of Related Languages
- Author
-
St Arnaud, Adam
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Belgium through the Lens of Rail Travel Requests: Does Geography Still Matter?
- Author
-
Arnaud Adam, Jonathan Jones, Isabelle Thomas, Adeline Decuyper, Christophe Cloquet, and UCL - SSH/IMMAQ/CORE - Center for operations research and econometrics
- Subjects
Louvain method ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Big data ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,lcsh:G1-922 ,Network structure ,02 engineering and technology ,Through-the-lens metering ,Transport engineering ,Belgium ,big data ,0502 economics and business ,railway transport ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Computers in Earth Sciences ,Spatial organization ,050210 logistics & transportation ,Transportation planning ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,021107 urban & regional planning ,Travel behavior ,Geography ,business ,lcsh:Geography (General) - Abstract
This paper uses on-line railway travel requests from the iRail schedule-finder application for assessing the suitability of that kind of big data for transportation planning and to examine the temporal and regional variations of the travel demand by train in Belgium. Travel requests are collected over a two-month period and consist of origin-destination flows between stations operated by the Belgian national railway company in 2016. The Louvain method is applied to detect communities of tightly-connected stations. Results show the influence of both the urban and network structures on the spatial organization of the clusters. We also further discuss the implications of the observed temporal and regional variations of these clusters for transportation travel demand and planning.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Identifying Cognate Sets Across Dictionaries of Related Languages
- Author
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St Arnaud, Adam, primary, Beck, David, additional, and Kondrak, Grzegorz, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Morphological Reinflection via Discriminative String Transduction
- Author
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Nicolai, Garrett, primary, Hauer, Bradley, additional, St Arnaud, Adam, additional, and Kondrak, Grzegorz, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Multiple System Combination for Transliteration
- Author
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Nicolai, Garrett, primary, Hauer, Bradley, additional, Salameh, Mohammad, additional, St Arnaud, Adam, additional, Xu, Ying, additional, Yao, Lei, additional, and Kondrak, Grzegorz, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Some Properties of the Sorgenfrey Line and the Sorgenfrey Plane
- Author
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Arnaud, Adam St., primary and Rudnicki, Piotr, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Identifying Cognate Sets Across Dictionaries of Related Languages
- Author
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St Arnaud, Adam, J.J.
- Subjects
- Machine learning, Natural language processing, Computational diachronic linguistics, Cognates, Computational linguistics
- Abstract
Abstract: Cognates are words in related languages that have originated from the same word in an ancestor language, such as the English/German word pair father/Vater. Cognate information is critical in the field of historical linguistics, where it is used to determine the relationships between languages and to construct the ancestor languages they originated from. Most recent work in cognate identification focuses on the task of clustering cognates within lists of words each having an identical definition. In that task, only orthographic or phonetic information about a word is utilized when making cognate judgments. We present a system for the more challenging task of identifying cognate sets across dictionaries of related languages. The likelihood of a cognate relationship is calculated on the basis of a rich set of features that capture both phonetic and semantic similarity, as well as the presence of regular sound correspondences. The pairwise similarity scores are combined with an average-score clustering algorithm to create sets of words from different languages that may originate from a common proto-word. When tested on the Algonquian language family, our system detects 63% of cognate sets while maintaining cluster purity of 70%.
- Published
- 2017
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