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Clustering can be defined as a method commonly applied in data mining to group objects into clusters. Clusters consist of data objects that are similar to each other in a group but different from objects in other clusters. In this study, the data used is the data of KIP scholarship recipients for the 2016-2023 period. Various clustering metric measurement techniques have been frequently used by researchers, especially those focusing on distance and similarity metrics, such as Euclidean Distance, Manhattan, and Minkowski. In general, K-Means is an unsupervised learning method used in the clustering process to group data based on similarity. The elbow method is used to determine the optimal number of clusters, so that the clustering results obtained can be maximized to achieve better results. This study aims to analyze the use of Manhattan technique in K-Means clustering for data grouping. The research problem is how to analyze the Manhattan metric technique in K-Means clustering for effective data grouping. Applying the K-Means method shows that the existing data is successfully divided into four specified clusters. After determining the correct number of clusters, the K-Means method is used to sort the data in the dataset. From 3172 data, the final results obtained cluster 0 as many as 774 data, cluster 1 as many as 417 data, cluster 2 as many as 1244 data, and cluster 3 as many as 737 data. The results of the clustering process obtained a davies-bouldin index value of 1.4568.

The Nagari Manggopoh is a central area for agricultural product corn, mainly corn for livestock, in Lubuk Basung District, Agam Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The corn kernels produced are sold to animal feed processing factories. However, the corn stalk waste left after harvest is typically burned, leading to land biota damage and air pollution. This community service project aims to raise awareness and demonstrate the process of converting corn plant waste into compost. The project involved socializing, training, and practical demonstrations on composting corn crop waste. These activities have been conducted through counseling sessions, focus group discussions, and hands-on training from June to August 2022. Following the activities, an evaluation was conducted through discussions with the participants. The project's initial result was that ten stakeholders participated in the socialization of using corn crop waste for composting. Additionally, 15 Batang Piarau Jorong Sago farmer group members in Kenagarian Manggopoh have received training and successfully produced compost from corn stalk waste generated from animal feed crops.

Urban farming has been associated with sustainable living in urbanized areas. However, the interconnection between the two need further studies. Alternatives for promoting sustainable living is especially in important in Indonesia because urbanization in the country is expanding, while the area of productive agricultural land is decreasing. The limited spaces become a challenge for urban residents that need land for settlements, planting, green open spaces, spaces for interaction and socializing, and recreation. Therefore, urban farming presents an alternative in answering the problems caused by urbanization. This research aims to explore the interconnection of urban farming and urbanization in an effort to realize sustainable urban development. This research is the initial part of an effort to create an integrated model of urban farming for urbanization for food security for urban residents (2023-2025) in the Innovation Research for Advanced Indonesia (RIIM) scheme. This study uses qualitative methods with informants as a sample data source. Informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique, totaling 30 urban farming actors, with details of 10 informants from Palembang City, 10 from Bandung City, and 10 from Denpasar City. Collection through the stages of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis uses the Miles and Hubberman Model with three stages, namely data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The data validity test technique uses triangulation with the cross-check method. The results of the analysis found an interrelation between urban farming and urbanization in nine dimensions, namely; economy,social, environment, health, culture, food, education, tourism, and technology. The interrelationship between urban farming and urbanization is positive, which means that the positive impact of urban farming has an indication of minimizing the negative impact of urbanization. In addition, this interrelation is also relevant to the three principles of sustainable development, namely having the function of controlling environmental impacts to a minimum, economic and social functions.

The village of Sungai Nanam, Lembah Gumanti, is an area in Solok Regency, West Sumatra, that produces significant organic waste from horticultural agriculture. If not managed properly, this waste can cause environmental and aesthetic issues. However, this waste can be converted into an eco-enzyme. An eco-enzyme is a liquid enzyme produced by fermenting organic waste. Eco-enzyme has many benefits, including being used as a liquid organic fertilizer, cleaner, and pest repellent. This community service aims to educate and train the community, especially the women farmers group, named Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Rimbo Data Sejahtera, on converting organic waste into eco-enzymes. The program used three methods: socialization, demonstration, and mentoring. It has been proven to be an effective way to educate and train the community, particularly KWT Rimbo Data Sejahtera, on proper waste management. This program is a perfect fit for their needs and is very useful in reducing the impact of pollution.

The article aims to explore the governance, social, and economic dynamics resulting from the division into Nagari Lubuk Gadang Barat Daya and Nagari Lubuk Gadang Barat. The research scope spans from 2007 when Nagari Lubuk Gadang was formed until 2021 when it was divided. The study employs a historical research method comprising topic selection, source collection, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Nagari Lubuk Gadang Selatan, located in Sangir Subdistrict, South Solok Regency, West Sumatra Province, comprises 15 jorongs. It was established in 2007 to meet the community's demands for independent fund management. Due to population growth and the increasing number of jorongs, Nagari Lubuk Gadang Selatan was divided into two new nagaris from 2017 onwards. The expansion aims to ensure equitable development and access to village funds for the community's prosperity.

Cocoa is a plantation commodity that is essential to the Indonesian economy. There are still many problems in cocoa cultivation found in the field, such as using poor-quality seedlings. One of the ways to do this is by taking preventive action by providing immunity induction from the seedling stage. Immunity induction can be done by utilizing Rhizobacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Entomopathogenic fungi, and vegetable pesticides. The Faculty of Agriculture of Universitas Andalas collaborated with the entrepreneurs through a Ministry of Education and Culture program, Matching Fund 2022, to make an innovation, namely the Teaching Farm for superior cocoa nurseries. This activity aims to socialize the cocoa nursery teaching farm in the hope of helping farmers prepare high-quality and sustainable cocoa seeds. This community service activity has been carried out at the Padang City Agriculture Office. The conclusions of this activity include: a) The community service program made by the Teaching Farm Team of Universitas Andalas is by the needs of the farmer group; the farmer group is satisfied and feels this service activity was helpful for the development of the Cocoa farmer group in the future, b) enrichment of understanding of farmer group members regarding biofertilizers and vegetable pesticides.

Abstract Objectives To assess the cost-effectiveness of cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and leucovorin (FOLFOX) or fluorouracil, irinotecan and leucovorin (FOLFIRI) compared to standard chemotherapy alone as a first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with positive KRAS wild type patients in Indonesia. Methods A cost-utility analysis applying Markov model was constructed, with a societal perspective. Clinical evidence was derived from published clinical trials. Direct medical costs were gathered from hospital billings. Meanwhile, direct non-medical costs, indirect costs, and utility data were collected by directly interviewing patients. We applied 3% discount rate for both costs and outcomes. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the model’s uncertainty. Additionally, using payer perspective, budget impact analysis was estimated to project the financial impact of treatment coverage. Results There was no significant difference in life years gained (LYG) between cetuximab plus FOLFOX/FOLFIRI and chemotherapy alone. The incremental QALY was only one month, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was approximately IDR 3 billion/QALY for cetuximab plus chemotherapy. Using 1–3 GDP per capita (IDR 215 million or USD 14,350) as the current threshold, the cetuximab plus chemotherapy was not cost-effective. The budget impact analysis resulted that if cetuximab plus chemotherapy remain included in the benefits package under the Indonesian national health insurance (NHI) system, the payer would need more than IDR 1 trillion for five years. Conclusions The combination of cetuximab and chemotherapy for mCRC is unlikely cost-effective and has a substantial financial impact on the system.

Nagari Sungai Abang merupakan salah satu wilayah di Kecamatan Lubuk Alung yang menjadi salah satu sentra produksi padi di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Salah satu kelompok tani yang menanam padi secara intensif adalah kelompok Usaha Tani. Permasalahan pada kelompok tani adalah ketidaktahuan mereka terhadap manfaat jerami sebagai sumber bahan organik dalam tanah. Proses pembuatan kompos yang lama, sehingga petani selalu membakar jerami padi setelah panen sebagai persiapan untuk penanaman musim berikutnya. Jika pembakaran jerami dilakukan terus menerus, dikhawatirkan akan terjadi defisiensi unsur hara dalam tanah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan memperdayakan kelompok Usaha Tani di Nagari Sungai Abang Kecamatan Lubuk Alung untuk memanfaatkan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) sebagai bioaktivator dalam pembuatan kompos jerami sebagai pupuk organik dan salah satu alternatif mengatasi persoalan limbah jerami di Nagari Sungai Abang, Lubuk Alung. Kegiatan ini telah dilaksanakan di Kelompok Tani Usaha Tani di Sungai Abang Dalam Nagari Sungai Abang Kecamatan Lubuk Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Metode yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi, penyuluhan dan pelatihan dalam bentuk demonstrasi pembuatan suspensi PGPR, dan pembuatan kompos dari jerami. Dari kegiatan yang telah di lakukan diperoleh PGPR siap pakai sebagai bioaktivator yang diperbanyak dalam media air kelapa, dan dijadikan sebagai bioaktivator untuk mempercepat proses pembuatan kompos. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan pemahaman petani terhadap manfaat jerami sebagai bahan baku kompos dan pemanfaatan PGPR sebagai bioaktivator dalam pembuatan kompos jerami.

This study aims to examine the effect of permanent and temporary differences as well as book-tax differences on profit growth in property and real estate firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Permanent differences refer to the differences between taxable income and accounting income that cannot be reversed in the future, while temporary differences are the differences that will reverse over time. The study focused on the sub-sector of property and real estate, which was selected because these companies are considered high-risk and often adopt strategies to legally minimize their tax burden in order to maximize profits.. Purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 12 property and real estate firms that consistently published audited financial statements in Indonesian Rupiah from 2018 to 2021 and did not undergo delisting from the IDX during that period. The results of the analysis reveal that profit growth is positively and significantly influenced by both permanent and temporary differences. However, there was no significant impact observed from book-tax differences. These findings may provide insights for policymakers and investors in the property and real estate sector.

Solar panels are an alternative power generation system sourced from the absorption of solar energy. The solar energy absorbed will convert into a source of electricity. The solar panel's power drives an alternating current (AC) water pump. This study aims to determine the performance of the AC water pump by utilizing electrical energy sourced from solar panels. The parameters measured are voltage, current, and power generated by the AC water pump at varying times. The solar panels used with a capacity of 100 WP were connected to a solar charge controller (SCC), which was connected to a battery, and an inverter functions as a tool to convert DC to AC. The results were obtained from solar panels that can optimally drive the AC water pump. At 10.00 WIB, the electric voltage was 17.68 volts, the electric current was 4.98 amperes, and the electric power was 88.04 Watts. At 15.00 WIB, with clear weather conditions, an electric voltage of 18.90 volts, an electric current of 6.22 amperes, and an electric power of 117.55 Watts were obtained.

This study aims to create a student worksheet based on the Problem-based Learning (PBL) model in science learning, test its feasibility, and identify student and teacher responses to the implementation of the student worksheet. The instruments were validation sheets and student and teacher response questionnaires. The research data were descriptively and qualitatively analyzed based on the criteria score. Material expert validation obtained an average of 0.8409 with "high" criteria. An average of 0.8036 with "high" criteria was obtained for language expert validation. Media expert validation obtained an average of 0.7522 with "moderately high" criteria. According to the findings of the field trial, the average response of teachers was 86% with the criteria "excellent," and the average response of students was 85% with the criteria "excellent and highly suitable." Furthermore, the n-gain value obtained was 0.7 in the "moderate" category. As a result, the developed student worksheet can be used to improve students' critical thinking skills. Thus, teachers are advised to create student worksheets based on other materials.

Maninjau Village, including the tourist destination of Buya Hamka in Sungai Batang, is susceptible to natural disasters, such as landslides. It happens due to the sloping and high rainfall (> 3000 mm per year) area. The soil is prone to landslides if the sloping land is intensively cultivated for crop growth. This community engagement activity socialised and practised alley cropping techniques to manage farming in the sloping area. This method for introducing the alley cropping technique was through presentation and discussion as well as practice in the field with a farming group “Sehati”, a member of KPGH (Hamka generation youth community), and community leaders of the Nagari Sungai Batang in November 2021. A farmer cultivating red onion adopted the alley cropping method for the farm having a 19o39’ (36%) slope level with an alley width was 5 m. Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia, known as green manure crops, were placed perpendicular to the slope of the alley fence. Gliricidia was planted every 5 m, and Tithonia between the Gliricidia at a 0.2 m distance in the alley fence.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are a group of fungi that can be symbiotic with many types of plants. Soil factors and plant species, affect the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Likewise, differences in location and rhizosphere cause differences in the diversity of species and populations of AMF. In addition, not all AMF have the same morphological and physiological characteristics, therefore it is very important to know their identity. Coffee is a plant that has economic value and the potential for symbiosis with AMF. This study aimed to identify AMF in the rhizosphere of four varieties of Solok Radjo coffee plants in the Aia Cold area of ​​the Gumanti Valley, Solok, West Sumatra. Meanwhile, the stages of this research include: collecting and collecting data in the field, determining the location of the soil sample, analyzing soil properties in the laboratory, isolating AMF spores, and identifying AMF spores morphologically. The results showed that the diversity of AMF spores was found in 3 genera, namely Glomus sp., Acaulospora sp., and Gigaspora sp. The Kartika coffee variety has a higher AMF spore population than Sigararutang, Andongsari and Gayo.

Pemerintah Indonesia melalui 4 kementerian yaitu Menteri Kesehatan, Menteri Dalam Negeri, Menteri Agama serta Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, menerbitkan surat keputusan bersama mangenai Panduan Penyelenggaraan Pembelajaran Di Masa Pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019. Berdasarkan SKB, pemerintah memfasilitasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh dan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas disemua tingkatan pendidikan. Keputusan pemerintah tersebut ditanggapi beragam oleh masyarakat, termasuk mahasiswa yang terlibat langsung dalam penerapan kebijakan ini. Banyak mahasiswa yang menyampaikan pendapat terkait kebijakan ini, baik pendapat positif ataupun negatif. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan analisis sentimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui sentimen yang diberikan mahasiswa terkait penerapan pembelajaran tatap muka tahun ajaran 2021/2022 diperoleh melalui kuisioner (angket) serta menerapkan metode Nave Bayes Classifier. Menggunakan dataset sebanyak 5350 opini yang berasal dari 1070 responden. Berdasarkan proses analisis sentimen yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa/i dari Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Medan mendukung penerapan pembelajaran tatap muka (PTM) dilingkungan UIN-SU Medan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Akurasi yang dihasilkan oleh metode Nave Bayes Classifier saat melakukan klasifikasi sentimen (opini) dapat dikatakan baik, yaitu sebesar 84%. Setelah melakukan proses validasi sistem dengan menerapkan K-Fold Cross Validation, nilai K=10 ternyata metode Nave Bayes Classifier berhasil memperoleh akurasi yang baik, dengan rata – rata akurasinya sebesar 83%. Kata kunci: analisis sentimen, nave bayes classifier, k-fold cross validation, pembelajaran tatap muka

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui respon mahasiswa terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring yang dilakukan pada Program Studi Manajemen STIE Pembangunan Tanjungpinang Tahun Akademik 2020-2021. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini melibatkan mahasiswa lintas angkatan yang pernah mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran daring. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa angket pertanyaan atau kuesioner yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa melalui Google Form. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring yang dilaksanakan pada Program Studi Manajemen STIE Pembangunan Tanjungpinang mampu mengarahkan untuk belajar mandiri dan terampil menggunakan perangkat teknologi. Pembelajaran daring dapat membantu mahasiswa dan dosen untuk berinteraksi dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran secara efektif dan efisien.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya serta besarnya pengaruh metode pembelajaran daring terhadap minat belajar mahasiswa di masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa STIE Pembangunan Tanjungpinang yang terdiri dari 2 angkatan yaitu angkatan 2019 dan 2020. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 150 mahasiswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Analisis Regresi Linier Sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pembelajaran daring memiliki pengaruh positif dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,0000 terhadap minat belajar mahasiswa STIE Pembangunan Tanjungpinang di masa pandemi Covid-19. Artinya semakin baik kualitas pembelajaran daring maka semakin tinggi minat belajar mahasiswa. Besarnya pengaruh metode pembelajaran daring terhadap minat belajar mahasiswa hanya sebesar 29,6%. Itu artinya meskipun signifikan akan tetapi kemampuan dosen dalam melaksanakan metode belajar daring tetap memiliki pengaruh terhadap minat mahasiswa untuk belajar.

Land-use change from the forest to others will affect the soil’s physicochemical properties. The research was conducted to identify soil physicochemical properties affected by land-use change in Sungai Batang, the east-south part of Maninjau caldera. The research used a survey method from which soil was sampled at four different types of land use (forest, bushland, mixed garden, and paddy soil) at 0-30 cm depth with three replicates. The results show that the soil in Sungai Batang was still developing. It was indicated by coarse soil texture (clay loam to sandy clay loam). Land-use change from the forest to other uses has altered some soil physicochemical properties. It increased soil bulk density and decreased total soil porosity, permeability rate, SOM content, and total-N. However, there was an increase in soil characteristics, especially soil P-availability, CEC, Ca- and Na-exchangeable . While the soil pH (H2O), K-and Mg-exchangeable stayed the same. In general, land use changed from forest to other use, mostly farming land degraded physicochemical characteristics of the soil derived from volcanic materials in Sungai Batang. That was mainly due to the decrease in SOM content.

Amplifier is used as an input waveform amplifier by increasing the voltage using an IC power supply. TDA2030 is an amplifier IC with an Output Transformer Less (OTL) type. The amplifier can operate with a voltage of 12 Volt, 1.5 Ampere. The circuit design process uses Proteus software with a universal reference to the TDA2030 datasheet. Proteus experimental results can be seen by simulating the frequency response. Frequency response tests were carried out to obtain filter used for assemble the circuit to produce an ideal Band-pass filter. Then using Digital Oscilloscope, we can observe difference between waves getting emphasis and those they are not. The objective of this study is to determine the value of capacitor C3 with a good (frequency cut low). Changing value of C3 can produce the desired BPF output. In the experiment, capacitor C3 0.1uf obtained emphasizes low frequencies between 0-250 Hz. Values of C3 with good BPF 47uf and 100uf because the output produced good bass frequency and is suitable for use because the emphasis occurs between 0-5 Hz. On the amplifier IC TDA2030 has made, capacitor C3 with values 47uf and 100uf ideal to be used as BPF because the filter works in a balanced way.

Abstract Background Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) has been used to treat patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) under National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme in Indonesia. This study aims to estimate its cost-effectiveness and budget impact. Methods We conducted a cost utility analysis using Markov model over a lifetime horizon, from a societal perspective. Clinical evidence was derived from published clinical trials. Direct medical costs were gathered from hospital data. Direct non-medical costs, indirect costs, and utility data were primarily gathered by interviewing the patients. We applied 3% discount rate for both costs and effect. All monetary data are converted into USD (1 USD = IDR 14,000, 2019). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed. In addition, from a payer perspective, budget impact analysis was estimated using price reduction scenarios. Results The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of R-CHOP was USD 4674/LYG and 9280/QALY. If we refer to the threshold three times the GDP per capita (USD 11,538), R-CHOP could thus be determined as a cost-effective therapy. Its significant health benefit has contributed to the considerable ICER result. Although the R-CHOP has been considered a cost-effective intervention, the financial consequence of R-CHOP if remain in benefit package under National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Indonesia is considerably substantial, approximately USD 35.00 million with 75% price reduction scenario. Conclusions As a favorable treatment for DLBCL, R-CHOP ensures value for money in Indonesia. Budget impact analysis provides results which can be used as further consideration for decision-makers in matters related to benefit packages.

The people of Lambung Bukik Village, Pauh Subdistrict, Padang City, mostly work on horticultural crops, secondary crops, raising cattle, and chickens. Agriculture in this area uses mostly inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers. This results in the high need for farmers for inorganic fertilizers. The activity's objectives are 1. to obtain an organic production module by utilizing horticultural agricultural waste, secondary crops, and cow dung, 2. analyzing the organic fertilizer content, 3). obtain organic fertilizer containing high nutrient elements and 4. obtain organic fertilizer derived from organic fertilized waste material with EM4, MOL, and Trichoderma sp. Activities were carried out in the UPPO Sungkai Permai farming community through organic fertilizer processing technology. Participants in this activity are members of farmer groups, community leaders, and accompanied by Andalas University students. The activity methods applied are 1. training and demonstration on the manufacture of organic fertilizers from agricultural waste and cow dung using EM-4, Mol, Trichoderma sp, 2. demonstration of making local microorganisms (MOL), 3. analyzing nutrient elements of organic fertilizers, and 4. a demonstration plot of organic spinach and water spinach using organic fertilizers from three different organizer depupuk, namely: EM4, fruit mole, and a mixture of both. The results achieved were: organic fertilizer processing methods, and quality organic fertilizers with the highest average nutrient content of fruit mole samples (N = 1,823%, P = 1,717%, K = 0.757%, Mg = 0.742, C. organic 27,400 , Organic matter = 47.237, and the highest C / N = 39.645%. The demonstration plot of organic fertilizer from three organic fertilizer samples obtained that the use of fruit moles as organizer depupuk resulted in the best growth and yield of spinach and kale wet weight.

Masyarakat Kelurahan Lambung Bukik Kecamatan Pauh Kota Padang mayoritas bermata pencaharian bertani tanaman hortikultura, palawija, tanaman hutan (Sungkai dan gaharu) dan beternak sapi dan ayam. Kelompok Tani Sungkai Permai memiliki pohon gaharu yang telah berumur 2-5 tahun yang mana bibitnya diperoleh melalui kegiatan Elok Nagari CSR PT Semen Padang. Saat ini pohon gaharu tersebut sudah dapat berpotensi baik melalui inokulasi pathogen jamur pada pohon gaharu guna membentuk gubal gaharu yang bernilai ekonomi, maupun pemanfaatan daun menjadi minuman kesehatan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan: 1). masyarakat mengetahui cara budidaya tanaman gaharu, dan mengetahui manfaat dari tanaman ini serta tahu cara mengolah bagian dari pohon gaharu seperti gubal dan daun menjadi bahan baku minuman teh, 2). memberikan keterampilan khusus bagi anggota kelompok tani sehingga diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu usaha mandiri; 3). memberdayakan masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan lahan kosong melalui pola tanam agroforestri tanaman gaharu dengan tanaman perkebunan, 4). sebagai bentuk kegiatan kemasyarakatan dari Universitas Andalas, khususnya Fakultas Pertanian. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di kelompok Tani Sungkai Permai Kelurahan Lambung Bukik Kota Padang. Kelompok tani Sungkai Permai telah memperoleh pengetahuan tentang budidaya tanaman gaharu serta pemanfaatan teh melalui metode partisipatif dan pelatihan berupa demonstrasi dan demplot melalui penanaman lebih kurang 150 batang bibit gaharu sebagai bahan baku teh melalui pola agroforestri. Kelompok tani Sungkai Permai telah memperoleh pengetahuan pemanfaatan bagian gaharu menjadi teh gaharu sebagai minuman dan obat kesehatan dari daun dan gubal gaharu. Bahan baku daun dan gubal gaharu yang berasal dari pohon gaharu sekitar lahan petani di kelurahan Limau Manis atau daerah lain dapat dikelola oleh kelompok Tani Sungkai Permai dapat menjadi peluang usaha produktif sebagai teh dan obat dalam bentuk minuman kesehatan untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat.

Saat ini karena banyak komunitas literasi yang sudah terbentuk, kita harus memilah komunitas literasi mana yang baik untuk diikuti, ada beberapa komunitas literasi yang hanya berdiri dan sistem dan jadwalnya tidak teratur dan jadwalnya lebih dominan. tidak sesuai dengan konsep literasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan atau menentukan komunitas mana yang merupakan tempat terbaik untuk belajar menulis oleh penulis pemula. Dengan menggunakan metode SMART (Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique) yang fleksibel dan sederhana dalam merespon pengambilan keputusan dan respon analitis yang cepat, dimungkinkan untuk menentukan komunitas mana yang terbaik. Dengan bobot dan kriteria yang digunakan yaitu Anggota Aktif (20%), Anggota Tidak Aktif (5%), Aktif Komunitas (15%), Kegiatan Komunitas Eksternal (15%), Kegiatan Internal Komunitas (20%), Kreativitas Komunitas (25% ). Alternatif yang digunakan adalah komunitas yang ada. Dari 25 alternatif yang digunakan, hasil yang didapat adalah komunitas Freedom Literacy dengan rangking tertinggi 0,94. Dari penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode SMART telah dipilih komunitas terbaik untuk dijadikan tempat belajar menulis oleh penulis pemula yaitu komunitas Feedom Literacy.

According to Act No. 23 of 2004, marital rape is mentioned as a variant of domestic violence. However, it still considered by some people as a reasonable action and often legitimized by religious arguments. In turn, this diversity of perception generates the contradiction between the implemented positive law and Islamic law. Through a comparative approach, this paper attempts to find the perspective of Islamic law on this critical issue by way of collecting as many Qur’ānic verses and prophetic hadith as possible, as well as the developed argumentations around it, and analyzing them accordingly in light of maqāṣid al-syarī’ah. At the end, this paper discovers that the practice of marital rape is unlawful according to Islamic law. Therefore, it can serve as a reason for divorce. Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (PKDRT) mengategorikan marital rape sebagai salah satu varian tindak kejahatan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Namun dalam tataran tertentu, marital rape masih dinilai sebagai tindakan wajar dan tak jarang dilegitimasi dengan dalil-dalil agama. Perbedaan persepsi ini telah menimbulkan kontradiksi antara hukum positif yang berlaku dengan hukum Islam yang dipahami masyarakat. Secara komparatif, tulisan ini berusaha menemukan perpektif hukum Islam dalam memandang persoalan marital rape dengan cara menghimpun sebanyak mungkin ayat Alqurān dan hadis serta argumen-argumen di sekitarnya, dan menganalisisnya dalam konteks maqāṣid al-syarī’ah. Di akhir penelitian ditemukan bahwa marital rape merupakan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan syariat Islam. Oleh karena itu dapat dijadikan sebagai alasan perceraian.

Partisipasi perempuan dalam lapangan kerja terus meningkat. Mereka rela melakukan migrasi ke tempat yang jauh dari keluarga untuk mencari pekerjaan. Dulu perempuan bermigrasi pada jarak yang dekat, tetapi saat ini mereka dapat bermigrasi sampai lintas negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan representasi perempuan pekerja migran menurut laki-laki di Kota Palembang. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data diperoleh dari wawancara terhadap informan yang dipiilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan reduction,display, dan conclusion, sedangkan keabsahan data menggunakan derajat credibility melalui tahapan perpanjangan pengamatan, peningkatan ketekunan, dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan representasi laki-laki di Kota Palembang terhadap perempuan pekerja migran adalah baik. Budaya perempuan bermigrasi dan bekerja dianggap hal yang biasa dan baik pada era modern sekarang ini. Secara umum, perempuan dianggap lebih baik jika bekerja dekat dengan lingkungan keluarga. Namun, jika harus bermigrasi, disarankan keluarga (suami dan anak) hendaknya ikut serta. Sebagian besar informan mendukung pasangannya bekerja dan bermigrasi, serta bentuk dukungan yang diberikan, seperti membantu pekerjaan rumah, mencuci, menyapu, dan mengurus anak.

Perkampungan adat salah objek wisata di Kabupaten Sijunjung yang bertempat pada Kenagarian Sijunjung Jorong Tanah Bato dan Padang Ranah. Keaslian dari perkampungan adat terlihat masih kokohnya pola pemukiman dengan ciri khas rumah yaitu memiliki gonjong. Rumah rumah ini disebut dengan Rumah Gadang. Rumah gadang umumnya dibangun di pinggir jalan dengan bentuk atap bergonjong dan dinding yang memiliki ukiran bernilai tradisional. Daya tarik lain dari rumah gadang terlihat dari pekarangan yang ditanami dengan beranekaragam jenis puring. Puring difungsikan sebagai pagar atau batas antara rumah dengan rumah lainnya. Keanekaragaman warna daun dan bunga dari puring dapat menyejukkan pandangan mata dari para pengunjung atau wisatawan. Sebagian besar puring pagar rumah gadang perlu untuk diremajakan, hal ini disebabkan karena sudah banyak tanaman ini yang mati, tumbuh merimbun dan umurnya sudah lama. Masyarakat membutuhkan bimbingan dan keterampilan agar mampu untuk memperbanyakkan, memupuk, dan memangkas puring. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi keanekaragaman puring dan bagaimana teknik memperbanyak, memupuk dan memangkas tanaman puring. Kegiatan ini menggunakan metode penyuluhan dalam bentuk ceramah, diskusi kelompok dan demonstrasi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat di perkampungan adat Tanah Bato dan Koto Ranah, telah termotivasi untuk menganekaragamkan puring sebagai pagar rumah gadang. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat telah mengetahui keanekaragaman puring dan mampu untuk memperbanyak puring secara setek yang bisa digunakan sebagai bahan perbanyakan.

The objective of this reaserch was to produce physics learning materials with learning cycles (5E) model which focuced on the validity, practically, and effectiveness to facilitate student’s critical thinking ability in calor matter. The learning tools development using 4D (define, design, develop, and disseminate) development model and have been tested on second semester students of physics education, The Science Teacher Training Institute of Mataram. This trial development of research using one group Pre-test Post-test Design. Data collection methods used were validation paper questionnaires, tests and observation, whereas data analysis techniques using qualitative and quantitative descriptive method. Based on the assessment the validator has a valid criteria, showing several findings, namely, 1) the devices at the implementation stage, devices are developed have practical criteria, which are measured by the implementation of the criteria learning “well done” and the response of students are “strong” 2) the effective developed to train critical thinking ability, where there is an increase in students, critical thinking ability from the initial test on 62 to 90 in the final test. The result of the study generally show that physics learning devices use a valid, practical, and effective, and 5E learning cycle model to train students critical thingking ability.

Optimization of the process was still the issue in manufacturing. Investigation on the process parameters that effects to the property of welded structure were necessary. In this study, the AA5052-H32 sheets of 2 mm thick were welded using friction stir spot welding (FSSW) and tested via tensile shear load test to investigate the influence of spindle speed, tool depth, and dwell time to the tensile shear load of the joints. The result shows that in every set of parameter combination, exhibit interesting influence to the tensile shear load. The effect of spindle speed of 1000 rpm shown the good property in average 18.33 KN especially at tool depth of 3.5 mm. Furthermore, the effect of tool depth brought significant effect to the tensile shear load especially at 3.5 mm for each set of spindle speed and dwell time. The set of dwell time to parameter combination had no significant effect to the tensile shear load. The good tensile shear load could be achieved in the range of 17.7-19.3 KN at 3.5 mm of plunge depth and 1000 rpm of spindle speed, where the best one was 19.3 KN at 7s of dwell time.

Sektor informal merupakan kegiatan ekonomi alternatif bagi pekerja wanita di Kota Palembang. Selama ini potret sektor informal identik dengan rendahnya upah, pendidikan,kualitas, produktivitas, dan daya saing serta tidak ada keterampilan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas karakteristik demografi pekerja wanita sektor informal di Kota Palembang pada era Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA). Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan indepth interview. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan tahapan reduction, display dan conclution. Keabsahan data diuji dengan derajat credibility yang meliputi; perpanjangan pengamatan, peningkatan ketekunan, dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pekerja wanita sektor informal berada pada kelompok usia produktif dan pendidikan setaran SMA ke bawah. Mayoritas mereka memiliki keterampilan tetapi tidak digunakan sebagai modal usaha karena keterbatasan dana, kebanyakan dari mereka juga tidak pernah mengikuti pelatihan, bekerja sebagai pedagang dan tidak memiliki pengetahuan tentang MEA.

This study focuses on urban farming practices in Bandung, West Java, known as Buruan SAE, a programme initiated by the Department of Food Security and Agriculture, Bandung. The objectives of this study are to analyse the effects of urbanisation on urban farming and to explore the potential of urban farming in supporting food security. This study uses a qualitative approach. The results of the study show 3 important issues: the diverse production of urban farming is able to meet the food needs of community members and some have already become independent farmers; there has been a change in the attitude of the people of Bandung city, through urban farming they have become ‘farmers’ a completely new activity for them; urban farming provides a source of income for the urban community. These findings suggest that urban farming can enhance the sustainability of the Buruan SAE community.

Saat ini, kemajuan teknologi telah banyak memberian pengaruh dalam proses pekerjaan manusia dalam berbagai bidang misalnya dalam bidang pertanian, dimana banyak peralatan pertanian yang dikembangkan melalui teknologi internet sehingga proses pekerjaan pertanian dapat diselesaikan dengan baik, salah satu tanaman pertanian yang termasuk komiditi tanaman pangan yaitu tanaman jagung. Tanaman jagung sering di serang berbagai hama dan penyakit yang dapat dilihat dari kerusakan-kerusakan secara fisik yang terlihat pada tanaman jagung tetapi untuk mengetahui jenis hama dan penyakit tanaman tersebut memerlukan pengetahuan sedangkan pengetahuan yang dimiliki para petani masih sangat terbatas. Sehingga diperlukan sebuah sistem untuk memberikan pengetahuan seperti seorang pakar, dimana dalam sistem ini berisi pengetahuan keahlian seorang pakar dibidang penyakit dan hama tanaman jagung. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah sistem pakar menggunakan basis aturan dengan metode forward chaining dalam membantu untuk identifikasi hama dan penyakit tanaman jagung berbasis web. Keyword: Tanaman Jagung, Petani, Sistem Pakar, Hama Dan Penyakit

This study focuses on urban farming practices in Bandung, West Java, known as Buruan SAE, a programme initiated by the Department of Food Security and Agriculture, Bandung. The objectives of this study are to analyse the effects of urbanisation on urban farming and to explore the potential of urban farming in supporting food security. This study uses a qualitative approach. The results of the study show 3 important issues: the diverse production of urban farming is able to meet the food needs of community members and some have already become independent farmers; there has been a change in the attitude of the people of Bandung city, through urban farming they have become 'farmers' a completely new activity for them; urban farming provides a source of income for the urban community. These findings suggest that urban farming can enhance the sustainability of the Buruan SAE community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]