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The purpose of this research is to describe the influence of mathematics anxiety on students' mathematical critical thinking abilities. The research method used in this study was meta-synthesis, a qualitative systematic review that analyzed four relevant articles with the research title. The steps involved formulating the research problem, followed by searching for previous relevant research with the same title and then analyzing it in depth. The data collection technique used non-tests by examining previous research with similar problems to obtain results and conclusions. The study surveyed 4 articles, consisting of 3 national journal articles and one international journal article. The analysis of the four related articles resulted in the conclusion that math anxiety has a negative impact on students' mathematical critical thinking abilities.

The ability to think creatively in a mathematical context is essential for students in the 21st century. In a global creativity survey carried out in 2015 by the Martins Prosperity Index, Indonesia was positioned 115th among 139 countries, with a score of 0.202, included in low category. One strategy to address this issue is by nurturing students' creative thinking skills in mathematics education. One exciting option for teaching is Problem-based Learning. This study aims to reevaluate how the Problem-based Learning approach can improve students' creative thinking skills in mathematics, building on existing research findings. The research method employed is meta-analysis, which involves the following steps; (1) formulate the topic; (2) overall study design; (3) sampling; (4) data collection; and (5) data analysis. Based on the results of the study, an average effect size of 1,057 was obtained in the high category. Meanwhile, based on the t-test enhancement test, obtained t_value=17,020≥t_table=1,648. In conclusion, the average performance of classes utilizing Problem-based Learning is higher than that of classes using other models. The further research is needed regarding the application of Problem-based Learning to cube and cuboid material at junior high school level because the related research is the only research reviewed that has a medium effect size value

Problem solving skills must be familiar to students in any condition. However, during the pandemic, students have not optimally mastered this ability. At the end of the pandemic, case study-based hybrid learning is highly recommended in higher education. The objective of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of case study-based hybrid learning on problem solving skills which are detailed: (1) analyzing the completeness of students' problem solving ability of case study-based hybrid learning classically, (2) analyzing the completeness of students' problem solving ability of case study-based hybrid learning based on Mathematics Initial Ability (MIA), (3) analyzing the difference in the completeness of students' problem solving ability of case study-based hybrid learning with problem-based hybrid learning, (4) analyzing the difference in students' problem solving ability of case study-based hybrid learning with problem-based hybrid learning based on MIA. This quantitative research took 6th-semester students of the Mathematics Education Study Program of Universitas Negeri Semarang who took the Statistics of Education course in the 2021/2022 academic year as the population. Of the 6 class, 2 class were selected as samples, by random sampling. The research design used a post-only control design. How to collect data with a problem solving ability test. Data were analyzed using the z-test, and independent t-test. From the research obtained the results (1) the problem solving ability of students of Hybrid learning based on case study problems is classically complete both by mean and proportion, (2) students with high MIA, and medium, are complete by mean and proportion, while students with low MIA have not completed by mean and proportion, (3) there is no difference in the completeness of the problem solving ability of students of hybrid learning based on case study problems with hybrid learning based on problems, (4) there is a difference in the problem solving ability of medium MIA, there is no difference in low and high MIA in both learning models. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah harus dibiasakan bagi mahasiswa dalam kondisi apapun. Namun pada masa pandemi, mahasiswa belum secara maksimal menguasai kemampuan tersebut. Di masa pandemi berakhir, pembelajaran hybrid berbasis studi kasus sangat dianjurkan di perguruan tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas pembelajaran hybrid berbasis studi kasus terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah yang dirinci: (1) menganalisis ketuntasan kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa pada pembelajaran hybrid berbasis studi kasus secara klasikal, (2) menganalisis ketuntasan kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa pada pembelajaran hybrid berbasis studi kasus berdasarkan Kemampuan Awal Matematika (KAM), (3) menganalisis perbedaan ketuntasan kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa pada pembelajaran hybrid berbasis studi kasus dengan pembelajaran hybrid berbasis masalah, (4) menganalisis perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa pada pembelajaran hybrid berbasis studi kasus dengan pembelajaran hybrid berbasis masalah berdasar KAM. Penelitian kuantitatif ini mengambil mahasiswa semester 6 Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Negeri Semarang yang mengambil mata kuliah Statistika Pendidikan tahun ajaran 2021/2022 sebagai populasinya. Dari 6 kelas dipilih 2 kelas sebagai sampel, dengan cara random sampling. Desain penelitian menggunakan post-only control design. Cara pengambilan data dengan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji z, dan uji t independen. Dari penelitian diperoleh hasil (1) kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa pada pembelajaran Hybrid berbasis permasalahan studi kasus tuntas secara klasikal baik mean maupun proporsinya, (2) mahasiswa dengan KAM tinggi dan sedang tuntas secara mean dan proporsinya, sedangkan mahasiswa dengan KAM rendah belum tuntas secara mean dan proporsi, (3) tidak terdapat perbedaan ketuntasan kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa yang pembelajaran hybrid berbasis masalah studi kasus dengan pembelajaran hybrid berbasis masalah, (4) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah KAM sedang, tidak terdapat perbedaan KAM rendah dan tinggi pada kedua model pembelajaran.

One of the causes of low proficiency among high school students in mathematical critical thinking is their lack of willingness to learn independently. This study investigated the mathematical critical thinking skills and self-regulated learning of high school students through the Flipped Classroom STEM approach. The research employed a sequential explanatory design, beginning with quasi-experimental pre-tests and post-tests for quantitative assessment of the learning process, followed by qualitative methods such as questionnaires, interviews, and observations for deeper analysis. Data analysis utilized quantitative techniques, including normality and homogeneity tests and hypothesis testing in SPSS, alongside qualitative methods for data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The findings revealed that flipped classroom learning significantly improved students' abilities in critical mathematical thinking, particularly highlighting the importance of self-regulated learning. There was a notable difference in post-test scores compared to those from traditional learning methods. Moreover, the study found that students with higher self-regulated learning skills were more effective in critical thinking, underscoring the effectiveness of the flipped classroom approach in fostering independent learning and enhancing essential thinking abilities in mathematics education.

The aim of this research was to produce problem-based learning mathematical modules with STEM approach with a valid, practical and effective in improving problem-solving ability and self efficacy. This study used a Research and Development (RnD) with a 4-D development model. The 4-D development process stage consists of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. This research did not reach the disseminate stage due to time constraints. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the problem-based learning mathematical modules with STEM approach that was developed met the criteria, namely, (1) validity with a percentage of 88% with very valid criteria, (2) practicality with a percentage of 91.5% with very strong criteria. practical, (3) effective in increasing problem-solving ability with an n-gain result of 0.64 with medium criteria, (4) effective in increasing self-efficacy with an n-gain result of 0.575 with medium criteria.

The research objective is to develop statistical teaching materials containing STEM nuanced numeracy literacy questions to improve appropriate, practical and effective critical thinking skills used in learning. The type of research is research and development (RnD) using a 4D development model including define, design, develop, and disseminate. This research instrument uses a questionnaire to determine the feasibility and practicality as well as a critical thinking ability test to test the effectiveness of the teaching materials developed. This research uses the PBL model to determine the practicality and effectiveness of teaching materials. The research subjects were students of class VIII A at SMP Negeri 40 Semarang. The results showed that the feasibility of the developed teaching materials obtained very feasible criteria, and was very practical to use. The results of the effectiveness through the pretest-posttest, the proportion of students who complete learning is more than 74.5%, the posttest average is more than the pretest, and there is an increase in students' critical thinking skills after using the developed teaching materials, so it can be concluded that the developed teaching materials have feasible, practical, and effective to improve students' critical thinking skills in PBL model learning.

Some studies discussed learning outcomes, challenges, and the effect of media learning on flipped classrooms of mathematics creative thinking (MCeT), critical thinking (MCiT), and problem-solving (MPS) skills. None of the studies reviewed the research information. This study aimed to examine trend research by year and the diversity of research methods, quantitative research designs, research subjects, mathematics topics, research variables, data collection tools, test designs, data analysis methods, and learning media in articles published in Scopus, Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC), and Garba Rujukan Digital (Garuda) databases of mathematics educational journals from January 2018 to April 2023. The method of this study was the content analysis method. Twenty-two articles were evaluated in this study. The results showed that the research trend by year was increasing. The most type of research methods, quantitative research design, research subjects, mathematics topic, research variables, data collecting tools, kind of test design, data analysis techniques, and learning media were quasi-experimental design, eighth-grade junior high school students, three-dimensional shape, problem-solving, test sheet, pretest-posttest, t-test, and video, respectively. This study gave insights to other researchers for future decision-making on flipped classrooms of MCeT, MCiT, and MPS skills.

Students are required to have the ability to implement mathematics in solving everyday life problems. A good solving process will produce an excellent solving ability. The existing problem-solving stages cannot be used in solving problems with the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) category. The aims of this research are 1) to know students' problem-solving process in solving HOTS category questions; 2) to design the stages of problem-solving that can be used to solve HOTS category questions. Twenty-four students who took the differential calculus course in mathematics education at one of Indonesia's private universities made up the study group. The solving process is divided into high, medium, and low. The descriptive and qualitative research method describes the Polya stages' problem-solving approach. Researchers used four sets of problem-solving by making nine indicators. Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that several indicators of the problem-solving stages have not been appropriately implemented, including I4, I8, and I9. In addition, the steps at the Polya problem-solving stage of devising a plan and looking back must be improved. Based on the findings above, research recommendations design the stages of problem-solving consisting of 6 steps. Future research will develop steps of problem-solving with the characteristics of the HOTS category questions.

Critical thinking is an embodiment of high level thinking. The purposes of this research were to know that the critical thinking ability of class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Wangon on Problem Posing passes the learning completeness grade, the critical thinking ability of class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Wangon on Problem Posing is better than Direct Instruction, and to describe the students’ critical thinking ability through Problem Posing seen from the students’ curiosity. The results showed that: 1) critical thinking ability of class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Wangon on Problem Posing pass the learning completeness grade; 2) critical thinking ability of class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Wangon on Problem Posing is better than Direct Instruction; 3) subject with high curiosity are able to accomplish 6 indikators, while the subject with medium curiosity are able to accomplish 5 indikators, and subject with low curiosity are able to accomplish 3 indikators.

The objective of this study is to determine does the AIR learning is effective towards students’ mathematical reasoning ability grade XI SMA 2 Pati on the sequence and the series material. The population in this study is all students grade XI SMA 2 Pati Academic Year 2016/2017. The method used in this study is quantitative method. While the data collection includes test methods, questionnaires, and observations. The results showed that: (1) the mathematical reasoning ability of students grade XI SMA 2 Pati who learn with AIR learning model is reaching the mastery learning; (2) the mathematical reasoning ability of students grade XI SMA 2 Pati who learn with AIR learning model aided by Questions Box is reaching the mastery learning; (3) the mathematical reasoning ability of students grade XI SMA 2 Pati who learn with AIR model aided by Questions Box is better than the mathematical reasoning ability of students who learn with AIR learning model and expository learning model; (4) the mathematical reasoning ability of students grade XI SMA 2 Pati who learn with AIR model aided by Questions Box is better than the mathematical reasoning ability of students who learn with AIR learning model and expository learning model for each group, either low, medium or high. Based on the four results of the above research, it can be concluded that the AIR learning aided by Questions Box is effective towards students’ mathematical reasoning ability grade XI SMA 2 Pati on the sequence and series material.

The accurate understanding of critical thinking and mathematical creativity in solving the current problem is still difficult to standardize. These two thinking skills are indispensable to anyone who is studying mathematics, especially for Undergraduate Mathematics students who are studying Linear Algebra. However, the difficulties in critical thinking discourage students to think creatively and mathematically. In linear algebraic subject matter, many problems require critical reasoning. It goes without saying that the difficulties in various reasoning aspects critically cause other difficulties in developing creative thinking aspects. Further, mathematical critical thinking skills in solving problems require a background in understanding the concepts related to the problem faced. In addition, the failure to understand and connect between concepts in solving linear algebra problems makes it worst and difficult to critically and creatively think.

The purpose of this research is to know the improvement of lecturer professionalism through the approach of lesson study, to see the increase of student interaction (with the students, teaching materials, lecturer), and to know whether the student learning result of the lesson study approach reaches the completeness. This research is a research of mixed method based on lesson study. Activities performed for each cycle consists of three stages: planning, execution, and reflection. The qualitative data is the description of the lectures professionality improvement with the quantitative is the increase of student interaction (with students, teaching materials, lecturers), and the result of studying Curriculum Review of Mathematics 1. The subject of this research was the students of Curriculum Review of Mathematics 1 in Mathematics Department UNNES year academic 2016/2017. The research instruments are a test, observation sheet, and questionnaire. The result of the research is the improvement of professionalism of lecturers of KBK Mathematics Education through lesson study approach for Mathematics Curriculum Mathematics 1 course, student interaction (with students, teaching materials, lecturers) increases, and learning achieves mastery.

The aim of research to test students' mathematical communication used themed of PBL with scaffolding, themed of PBL and PBL achieve mastery learning;to test students' mathematical communication that used the themed of PBL with scaffolding, themed of PBL and PBL; and to test students' mathematical communication for the low, medium group, and a high-group themed of PBL with scaffolding, themed of PBL and PBL. This type of research is quantitative research. The Population is seventh grade students of SMPN 22 Semarang and the sample class VII E, F and VII VII G. Used normality test, homogenity test, equality test on average, the proportion of one-party test, one way anova test, and scheffe test. The results showed that (1) Student’s mathematical communication ability using themed of PBLwith Scaffolding strategy,themed of PBL, and PBL achieve the completeness of learning, (2) there is a difference in the classroom using the themed of PBL with scaffolding, themed of PBL, as well as PBL, (3) For the low, medium, high and there is a difference in the classroom using the themed of PBL with scaffolding, themed of PBL and PBL.

The purpose of this research was described critical thinking stage of students grade VIII in setting PBL and scaffolding to solve mathematics problems. Critical thinking stage consists of clarification, assesment, inference, and strategy/tactics. The subject were teo students in the level of capacity to think critical (uncritical, less critical, quite critical, and critical). So that this research subject was 8 students in VIII A One State Junior High School of Temanggung. The result showed a description (1) critical thinking stage of students in setting PBL, in clarification the higher level of capacity to think critical students, students can identification information from question fully, can identificatio problem became detailed, and can explored the relationship among the information; (2) a strategy of scaffolding were given by critical thinking stage and TKBK, in assesment, scaffolding had given was given hint/key classically; and (3) transformation characteristic of the critical thinking stage of students after given scaffolding, it because of habituation in setting PBL and scaffolding.

Berpikir aljabar merupakan representasi dari aktivitas maupun kemampuan dalam mempelajari aljabar sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa SMP Kelas VIII. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan tes kemampuan berpikir aljabar pada siswa. Selanjutnya berdasarkan hasil tes, siswa dikelompokkan berdasarkan kemampuan berpikir aljabar mereka yang terdiri dari kelompok tingkat tinggi, kelompok tingkat sedang, dan kelompok tingkat rendah. Dari masing-masing kelompok tersebut dipilih dua subjek sebagai perwakilan untuk diwawancara lebih lanjut terkait kemampuan berpikir aljabar mereka. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan generasional, transformasional, dan level-meta global sudah terlihat pada sebagian siswa kelas VIII. Siswa yang termasuk dalam kelompok tingkat tinggi mempunyai kemampuan generasional, transformasional, dan level-meta global yang cenderung tinggi. Sedangkan siswa dalam kelompok rendah mempunyai kemampuan transformasional yang cenderung rendah, kemampuan generasional yang rendah sampai sedang, dan kemampuan level-meta global yang rendah sampai sedang. Algebraic thinking is a representation of activities and abilities to learn school algebraic. The aim of this research was to determine the ability of eighth grade junior high school students in algebraic thinking. The method used in this research was the qualitative descriptive approach. This research was conducted with giving a test of algebraic thinking skills to the students. Furthermore, based on test results, students are grouped according to their algebraic thinking skills which consists of a high­level group, moderate­level group and low­level group. From each group, two subjects were selected to be interviewed more related their algebraic thinking skills, as a representative for their each group. Analytical results from this research indicated that the ability in generational, transformational, and global meta­level activities is already visible in some eighth grade students. Students were included in the high­level group tend to have high skill in generational, transformational, and global meta­level activities. While students were included in the low­level group tend to have low skill in transformational ability, low to medium skill in generational ability, and low to medium skill in global meta­level ability.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui grafik time-line dalam diskusi untuk pemecahan masalah opened-ended dalam pembelajaran kooperatif resiprokal, mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah kegiatan pemecahan masalah open-ended dalam diskusi kelompok pada pembelajaran kooperatif resiprokal, dan mendeskripsikan karakteristik berpikir kritis siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah open-ended. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Kegiatan pada penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran resiprokal 2 kali untuk mendapatkan data time-line tahap berpikir kritis dan time-line aktivitas pemecahan masalah matematika, tes berpikir kritis 2 kali, analisis karakteristik berpikir kritis berdasarkan tes 1 dan 2. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Ngadirejo Temanggung. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 4 kelompok diskusi melakukan tahap strategi pada berpikir kritis lebih lama dibandingkan tahap berpikir kritis lainnya (klarifikasi, simpulan, dan strategi. Untuk memecahkan masalah matematika, pada langkah pertama yaitu memahami masalah. Pada langkah ini siswa dominan melakukan aktivitas bertanya dan memprediksi. Pada langkah kedua yaitu merencanakan penyelesaian, siswa dominan melakukan kegiatan bertanya dan menjelaskan. Pada langkah ketiga yaitu melaksanakan penyelesaian, siswa dominan melakukan kegiatan menjelaskan dan bertanya. Sedangkan pada langkah keempat yaitu mengecek kembali, siswa dominan melakukan kegiatan menjelaskan.The purpose of this research is to know the time-line graph in the discussion for the solving of opened-ended problem in cooperative reciprocal learning, to describe the steps of open-ended problem solving activity in group discussion on reciprocal cooperative learning, and to describe the critical thinking characteristics of students in solving the open problem -ended. This research is a qualitative research. Activity in this research is reciprocal learning 2 times to get time-line data of critical thinking stage and time-line activity of problem solving of mathematics, critical thinking test 2 times, analysis of critical thinking characteristic based on test 1 and 2. Source of data in this research is student Class VIII in SMP Negeri 1 Ngadirejo Temanggung. The result of this research is 4 group discussion to do strategy phase on critical thinking longer than other critical thinking stage (clarification, conclusion, and strategy To solve mathematical problem, in step one that is understanding problem In this step student dominant doing activity of ask and predict In the second step is to plan the settlement, the dominant students do the activities of asking and explaining.In the third step is to carry out the settlement, the dominant students do activities explain and ask.While in the fourth step is to check again, the dominant students do explaining activities.

Partners of this community service wereMadrasah Aliyah Negeri Parakan and SMK 17 Parakan Temanggung, Temanggung. This community serviceactivity was aimed atovercoming some of the problems faced by the teachers in both partners related to improving the quality of teaching in the class and writing scientific papers. The problems were low quantity and quality of the scientific work of the teachers. This community service included: the workshopof developinginnovative and creative learning media based on curriculum 2013; workshopaction research proposal writing; facilitationduring the implementation and writingthe report of action research; mentoring during the writing of scientific articles based on the results of the action research; and facilitation of scientific articles publication in scientific journals. The product expected in this community service was a collection of learning methods using the scientific approach based on the curriculum of 2013.

Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan tahap berpikir kritis siswa yang dikenai pembelajaran PBL dalam tugas pengajuan masalah. Prosedur pengumpulan datanya yaitu (1) validasi, (2) pembelajaran PBL, (3) tes TPM, (4) analisis tes TPM, (5) wawancara berbasis tugas, dan (6) catatan lapangan. Penelitian ini akhirnya menghasilkan identifikasi tahap berpikir kritis sebagai berikut. Pada tahap klarifikasi, untuk kelompok kritis, cukup kritis, dan kurang kritis, siswa mampu mengidentifikasi masalah secara utuh dan menggunakan pengetahuan yang dimiliki untuk menambahkan informasi. Pada tahap asesmen, untuk kelompok kritis mampu memunculkan pertanyaan dan ide penyelesaian yang berasal dari diri sendiri. Pada tahap penyimpulan, pada kelompok tidak kritis, siswa belum mampu bernalar untuk penambahan informasi yang relevan. Pada tahap strate-gi/taktik, untuk kelompok tidak kritis, siswa belum dapat memunculkan strategi, sedangkan pada kelompok yang lain, siswa menjadikan pertanyaan awal sebagai acuan untuk mengga-li pertanyaan selanjutnya. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman guru dalam mengidentifikasi kelemahan dan kekuatan siswa dalam berpikir kritis.The purpose of this research is description of student’s critical thinking stage whith PBL in problem posing activities. The procedure of data collection are (1) validation, (2) PBL learning, (3) TPM test, (4) analysis of TPM test, (5) interview based on the test, and (6) field notes. This research finally leads to the identification of critical thinking stage as follows. In clarification stage, for the critical group, critical enough, and less critical, students were able to identify the problem as a whole and use their knowledge to add information. In assessment stage, for the critical group, student were able to make questions and solution ideas by theirself. In the inference stage, the not critical group, student have not be able to make a reasoning for the the addition of relevant information. In the strategies stage, for the not critical group, student have not be able to make a strategy that can be used. While in the other group, the students create the initial inquiries as a reference to find and explore the question further. The results of the research can be used by teachers as a guide in identifying weaknesses and strengths in students critical thinking.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa SMP kelas VII ditinjau dari tipe kepribadian dengan model PBL. Dalam penelitian ini, dipilih 8 siswa kelas VII B SMP Negeri 1 Demak yang berasal dari tipe kepribadian artisan, idealist, guardian, dan rational sebagai subjek penelitian. Metode pada penelitian ini adalah tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Tes penggolongan tipe kepribadian dan wawancara untuk mengetahui tipe kepribadian masing-masing siswa. Tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis dan wawancara dianalisis untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa berdasarkan aspek kelancaran, keluwesan, keaslian dan elaborasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek pada tipe kepribadian (1) artisan teridentifikasi pada aspek kelancaran, keluwesan, keaslian dan elaborasi cenderung cukup baik, cukup baik, baik dan tidak baik; (2) guardian teridentifikasi pada aspek kelancaran, keluwesan, keaslian dan elaborasi cenderung cukup baik, kurang baik, kurang baik dan tidak baik; (3) idealist teridentifikasi pada aspek kelancaran, keluwesan, keaslian dan elaborasi cenderung baik, cukup baik, cukup baik dan tidak baik; dan (4) rational pada aspek kelancaran, keluwesan, keaslian dan elaborasi cenderung sangat baik. Serta secara umum rational memenuhi ke empat aspek kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis, sedangkan tipe artisan, guardian dan idealist tidak memenuhi keempat aspek kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis.

The quality of introduction to probability lectures that were held haven’t maximized yet. It is indicated by results of student learning that only 20% got A value, the lack of interaction between students and lectures, students with students, and students with lecture. One of the efforts to improve the quality of learning is through lesson study with team reciprocal teaching. The problem in this research are as follows: (1) is the lecturers’ professionalism of Statistics Expertise Group can be improved by Lesson Study approach in the introduction to probability lectures, and (2) is interaction between students and students, students with lecture note, and students with lecturers of introduction to probability lesson can be improved by apply lesson study method with team reciprocal teaching. This research use research model based on lesson study by three steps. They are plan, do, and see which are done in three cycles. The research was conducted on odd semester in academic year 2010/2011 for 6 months in Mathematics department, Semarang State University. The results of research are (1) the increasing of lecturers’ professionalism of Statistics Expertise Group for Introduction to Probability lectures, and (2) increase student interaction with students, students with lecture note, and students with lecturers of Introduction to Probability lectures.

This classroom action research applied personality based learning which increase students' condition as subject of progressing their personality. The aims of the research were involving personality based learning model for students as mathematics teacher candidate, increasing students' affection, study result based personality, dynamics of students' activities and students' learning process were followed multi directions interactions among students. The main finding of this study, the average of first cycle test was 50,2 and the post-test was 57, difference between them was 6,8. The average of activities and competence performance during first cycle was 6,8 this value was more than success standard i.e. 6,5. The habits of study based personality was not enough planted in themselves, but this was decreased in next cycles. The average of teaching lecturer's performance during first cycle was good enough i.e. 7,1 so that was more thansuccess indicator i.e. 6,5. The average of second cycle was good enough i.e. 72,94 and the difference between them was 5,02 it was more than 5 so standard of success was attained. The average of individual score in team work was 66,67 it was more than minimum success indicator i.e. 6,5. The average of teaching lecturer's performance in second cycle was 8,07 more than first one i.e. 7,33 maybe caused the lecturer was more familiar with this method.Keywords: personality based learning, mathematics teacher candidate

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) apakah kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan disposisi matematis pada pembelajaran MEA lebih baik dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan disposisi matematis siswa pada pembelajaran PBL, dan (2) apakah terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang mempunyai disposisi matematis rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP N 1 Donorojo. Melalui teknik Random Sampling terpilih kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Metode analisis data menggunakan uji kesamaan dua rata-rata, uji ANAVA, dan uji lanjut Tukey-Kramer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan disposisi matematis siswa pada pembelajaran MEA lebih baik dari pembelajaran PBL. Kemudian terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang mempunyai disposisi matematis rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Hasil uji lanjut menyatakan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah antara siswa dengan disposisi matematis sedang dan tinggi. Selanjutnya dapat dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait penyebab tidak ada perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah antara siswa dengan disposisi matematis sedang dan tinggi.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran model AIR dengan pendekatan RME efektif terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematik peserta didik daripada pembelajaran ekspositori, serta untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran model AIR dengan pendekatan RME efektif terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematik terkait dengan tingkat kemampuan awal rendah, sedang maupun tinggi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas VII SMP Negeri 5 Blora tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling dan terpilih 37 peserta didik sebagai kelas eksperimen, dan 37 peserta didik sebagai kelas kontrol. Data diperoleh melalui metode dokumentasi, tes, dan observasi. Analisis data kemampuan komunikasi matematik meliputi uji normalitas dengan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov, uji homogenitas dengan uji Levene, dan uji kesamaan dua rata-rata menggunakan pihak kanan dengan Independent Samples T-test. Simpulan yang diperoleh adalah penerapan model pembelajaran AIR dengan pendekatan RME efektif terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematik peserta didik daripada pembelajaran ekspositori, serta penerapan model pembelajaran AIR dengan pendekatan RME efektif terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematik pada peserta didik berkemampuan awal tinggi daripada pembelajaran ekspositori namun kurang efektif penerapannya pada peserta didik berkemampuan awal rendah dan sedang.

Salah satu kemampuan yang harus dimiliki peserta didik adalah berpikir kreatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tahap berpikir kreatif menggunakan model PBL dengan tugas pengajuan masalah matematika. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X-5 di SMA Negeri 2 Semarang. Prosedur pengumpulan data meliputi validasi, pembelajaran di kelas, tes TPM, analisis tes TPM, wawancara, analisis hasil wawancara, dan catatan lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini sebagai berikut, pada tahap mensintesis ide, peserta didik TKBK 3 sampai TKBK 1 mendapatkan ide dari pengetahuan yang dimiliki. TKBK 0 mendapatkan ide dari pemikiran sendiri. Tahap membangun ide, peserta didik TKBK 3 dan TKBK 2 mengalami kesulitan saat membentuk ide menjadi soal. Peserta didik pada TKBK 1 dan TKBK 0 tidak kesulitan. Tahap merencanakan penerapan ide, peserta didik TKBK 3 sampai TKBK 1 lancar dalam memunculkan ide. Peserta didik pada TKBK 3 produktif dalam memunculkan ide, ada peserta didik TKBK 2 produktif memunculkan ide. TKBK 1 dan TKBK 0 tidak produktif memunculkan ide. Peserta didik pada TKBK 2 dan TKBK 1 sudah cukup lancar, tetapi tidak produktif dalam memunculkan ide. Peserta didik pada TKBK 0 tidak lancar dan tidak produktif memunculkan ide. Pada tahap menerapkan ide, ada peserta didik TKBK 3 menerapkan ide berdasarkan cara, konsep atau prosedur yang baru. Peserta didik pada TKBK 2 sampai TKBK 0 menerapkan ide berdasarkan cara, konsep atau prosedur yang sudah ada. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik yang masih rendah berdasarkan karakteristik tahap berpikir peserta didik pada penelitian ini.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan pembelajaran matematika mengacu pada MMP tuntas secara klasikal, rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan pembelajaran matematika mengacu pada MMP lebih tinggi dari rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan pembelajaran ekspositori, serta rata-rata aktivitas siswa dengan pembelajaran matematika mengacu pada MMP lebih tinggi dari rata-rata aktivitas siswa dengan pembelajaran ekspositori. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP N 21 Semarang tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Dengan teknik cluster random sampling terpilih sampel siswa kelas VII-A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII-B sebagai kelas kontrol. Data penelitian berupa data kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan metode tes dan data aktivitas siswa dengan metode observasi. Data tersebut diuji dengan uji proporsi dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan pembelajaran matematika mengacu pada MMP tuntas secara klasikal, rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas kontrol, dan rata-rata aktivitas siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari rata-rata aktivitas siswa kelas kontrol. Jadi, pembelajaran matematika mengacu pada MMP efektif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ketuntasan belajar siswa, perbedaan hasil belajar antara model pembelajaran Think-Pair-Share dan ekpsositori serta menganalisis pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian eksperimen dilakukan di kelas IX SMP Bilingual Boarding School Semesta dengan variabel hasil belajar dan motivasi belajar yang diperoleh dari test dan angket. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar kedua kelompok mencapai ketuntasan belajar, namun rata-rata hasil belajar dengan model pembelajaran Think-Pair-Share lebih baik dari pada pembelajaran ekpsositori. Motivasi belajar berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model Resource Based Learning dan Problem Based Learning efektif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik pada materi lingkaran sub pokok bahasan persamaan garis singgung lingkaran dan mengetahui apakah penerapan model Resource Based Learning lebih baik dari Problem Based Learning. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 3 Semarang tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive random sampling. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh dengan metode tes yang dianalisis dengan uji proporsi dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik kelas eksperimen dan kontrol telah mencapai ketuntasan klasikal. Keaktifan peserta didik kelas eksperimen dan kontrol dalam pembelajaran mencapai kriteria sangat aktif. Kinerja guru selama pembelajaran mencapai kriteria sangat baik. Kelas eksperimen memiliki rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah lebih tinggi dari kelas kontrol. Simpulan yang diperoleh adalah penerapan Resource Based Learning dan Problem Based Learning efektif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik dan penerapan Resource Based Learning lebih baik dari Problem Based Learning.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan asesmen kinerja maupun pembelajaran berbasis masalah tuntas; untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan asesmen kinerja, menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah, dan menggunakan pembelajaran ekspositori; untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa melalui pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan asesmen kinerja lebih baik dari pembelajaran berbasis masalah; dan untuk mengetahui apakah kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa melalui pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih baik pembelajaran ekspositori. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas VIII SMP N 2 Subah tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil secara cluster random sampling. Data diperoleh dengan metode tes dan data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji proporsi dan Anova. Dari hasil penelitian dan pembahasan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan asesmen kinerja maupun menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah tuntas, serta kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan asesmen kinerja paling baik dibanding dengan menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan ekspositori.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of recreational learning CD-assisted model TGT toward motivation and learning outcomes for student. The population of this study was the students of grade VIII SMP N 1 Muntilan school year 2011/2012. By using cluster random sampling technique we were obtain two groups. The groups were experiment group and control group. Questionnaire was used to obtain motivation of learning data; observation was used to obtain activity of teacher and student data; and a test was used to obtain learning outcomes for student. The results of the proportion test students learning outcomes data indicate that the experiment group had reached the mastery of learning. Test similarity of two average scores on the motivation to learn the data showed that score of motivation to study experiment group higher than the control group. Test similarity of two average of learning outcomes data show that the results of experimental study of students grade higher than the control group. Test similarity of two proportions in the learning outcome data showed that the percentage of the study of students who achieved at individual KKM of experiment group over the control group. Based on this study, it can be said that the recreational learning CD-assisted learning model TGT was effective toward learning motivation and learning outcomes of students in subject matter prism and pyramid.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) apakah hasil belajar peserta didik yang dikenai model peer tutoring dengan pendekatan inquiry berbantuan CD pembelajaran pada materi garis singgung lingkaran mencapai ketuntasan belajar, (2) apakah hasil belajar peserta didik yang dikenai model peer tutoring dengan pendekatan inquiry berbantuan CD pembelajaran lebih baik dari hasil belajar peserta didik yang dikenai model ekspositori, dan (3) Apakah ada pengaruh aktivitas peserta didik pada pembelajaran peer tutoring dengan pendekatan inquiry berbantuan CD pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Boja tahun pelajaran 2011/2012. Melalui teknik cluster random sampling, diperoleh kelas VIIIE sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIIID sebagai kelas kontrol. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi metode tes dan metode observasi. Analisis yang digunakan meliputi uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji ketuntasan klasikal, uji perbedaan rata-rata dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 93% dari hasil belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran peer tutoring mencapai ketuntasan, rata-rata nilai hasil belajar peserta didik yang dikenai model peer tutoring dengan pendekatan inquiry berbantuan CD pembelajaran lebih baik dari rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik yang dikenai model ekspositori, dan ada pengaruh aktivitas peserta didik terhadap pencapaian hasil belajar sebesar sebesar 81,72%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, disarankan kepada guru matematika agar menerapkan model pembelajaran peer tutoring dengan pendekatan inquiry berbantuan CD Pembelajaran dalam menyampaikan materi garis singgung lingkaran untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik.

The purpose of this research was to describe the positions and causes of students' errors in algebraic thinking based on the cognitive style. This study was qualitative research with subject consisting of twelve students. The results showed that (1) students with Field Independent type tended to make errors at the stage of comprehension, transformation, and process skills while students with Field Dependent type tended to make errors at the stage of comprehension, transformation, process skills, and encoding; and (2) the causes of errors were the students' incomprehension that related to the purpose of the problem, the lack of understanding that related to mathematical modelling, the lack of students' accuracy, the students' inaccuracy of using knowledge to convert an equations to the equivalent equation, student's inability to calculate the solution of an equations, students deviated from the formula that they used before and the students' incomprehension that related to the unit of measurement in mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]