Search

Hibernomas are uncommon, benign, lipomatous tumours of brown fat. Although hibernomas may arise from any region where brown fat exists, common locations include thigh, shoulder, back and neck. We report a rare finding of a breast hibernoma in a 43-year-old male. The patient was managed surgically with an excision of the breast mass. This report will outline the pathology and clinical findings of breast hibernomas and review of the literature. more...

We report the case of a 53-year-old nulliparous female presenting with a 9-month history of recurrent mastitis and a retro-areolar lesion. Histological assessment showed an inflammatory infiltrate predominantly composed of eosinophils without evidence of malignant changes. The patient was diagnosed with eosinophilic mastitis and commenced on a course of oral steroids with good effect. This case will outline the pathology, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of eosinophilic mastitis alongside a review of the literature. more...

Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant widely prescribed for a variety of thromboembolic indications including venous thromboembolism (VTE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and the prevention of stroke associated for atrial fibrillation (AF) 1. Warfarin requires ongoing monitoring of Internationalised Normalised Ratio (INR) due to a narrow therapeutic index and interactions with numerous drugs 2. The time in therapeutic range (TTR) is often used to indicate the quality of warfarin therapy due to the established correlation between higher mean TTR and reduced complications such as bleeding and thromboembolism 3. TTR is strongly associated with bleed risk, but increased bleeding with warfarin has also been associated with patient comorbidities and concurrent administration of other medication linked to bleeding including antiplatelet agents and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatories (NSAIDs) 4. more...

This review demonstrates the importance of uncovering the mechanisms that underlie chemotherapy-induced neuroinflammation. It builds upon the well-established connection between chemotherapeutic-agents and neurotoxicity along with widespread peripheral toxicities. This article summarises the major studies which have linked chemotherapy-induced neurodegeneration with direct evidence of neuroinflammation. Cancer and chemotherapy-related adverse effects impact a large proportion of the population. A better understanding of the link between chemotherapy, neurotoxicity and specifically the mechanisms of neuroinflammation, will allow the development of strategies to improve the management of side effects, and overall to reduce the burden on cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. This review has developed a summary schematic of the relationship between different chemotherapeutic agents and inflammatory markers within the central nervous system and links this correlation with some major ailments associated with chemotherapy use. more...