33 results on '"Ariangela J Kozik"'
Search Results
2. A survey-based analysis of the academic job market
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Jason D Fernandes, Sarvenaz Sarabipour, Christopher T Smith, Natalie M Niemi, Nafisa M Jadavji, Ariangela J Kozik, Alex S Holehouse, Vikas Pejaver, Orsolya Symmons, Alexandre W Bisson Filho, and Amanda Haage
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meta-research ,careers in science ,tenure ,scientific publishing ,research culture ,early-career researchers ,Medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Many postdoctoral researchers apply for faculty positions knowing relatively little about the hiring process or what is needed to secure a job offer. To address this lack of knowledge about the hiring process we conducted a survey of applicants for faculty positions: the survey ran between May 2018 and May 2019, and received 317 responses. We analyzed the responses to explore the interplay between various scholarly metrics and hiring outcomes. We concluded that, above a certain threshold, the benchmarks traditionally used to measure research success – including funding, number of publications or journals published in – were unable to completely differentiate applicants with and without job offers. Respondents also reported that the hiring process was unnecessarily stressful, time-consuming, and lacking in feedback, irrespective of outcome. Our findings suggest that there is considerable scope to improve the transparency of the hiring process.
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- 2020
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3. Comparison of the fecal, cecal, and mucus microbiome in male and female mice after TNBS-induced colitis.
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Ariangela J Kozik, Cindy H Nakatsu, Hyonho Chun, and Yava L Jones-Hall
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis are chronic, inflammatory conditions of the digestive tract, collectively known as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The combined influence of lifestyle factors, genetics, and the gut microbiome contribute to IBD pathogenesis. Studies of the gut microbiome have shown significant differences in its composition between healthy individuals and those with IBD. Due to the high inter-individual microbiome variation seen in humans, mouse models of IBD are often used to investigate potential IBD mechanisms and their interplay between host, microbial, and environmental factors. While fecal samples are the predominant material used for microbial community analysis, they may not be the ideal sample to use for analysis of the microbiome of mice with experimental colitis, such as that induced by 2, 4, 6 trinitrobenzesulfonic acid (TNBS). As TNBS is administered intrarectally to induce colitis and inflammation is confined to the colon in this model, we hypothesized that the microbiome of the colonic mucus would most closely correlate with TNBS colitis severity. Based on our previous research, we also hypothesized that sex would be associated with both disease severity and microbial differences in mice with chronic TNBS colitis. We examined and compared the fecal, cecal content, and colonic mucus microbiota of 8-week old male and female C57BL/6J wild-type mice prior to and after the induction of TNBS colitis via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that the colonic mucus microbiome was more closely correlated with disease severity than were alterations in the fecal and cecal microbiomes. We also found that the microbiomes of the feces, cecum, and mucus were distinct, but found no significant differences that were associated with sex in either compartment. Our findings highlight the importance of sampling colonic mucus in TNBS-induced colitis. Moreover, consideration of the differential impact of sex on the microbiome across mouse strains may be critical for the appropriate application of TNBS colitis models and robust comparisons across studies in the future.
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- 2019
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4. Advancing Equity and Inclusion in Microbiome Research and Training
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Alicia J. Foxx, Karla P. Franco Meléndez, Janani Hariharan, Ariangela J. Kozik, Cassandra J. Wattenburger, Filipa Godoy-Vitorino, and Adam R. Rivers
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collaboration ,equity ,inclusion ,international ,mentoring ,microbiome ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT This article proposes ways to improve inclusion and training in microbiome science and advocates for resource expansion to improve scientific capacity across institutions and countries. Specifically, we urge mentors, collaborators, and decision-makers to commit to inclusive and accessible research and training that improves the quality of microbiome science and begins to rectify long-standing inequities imposed by wealth disparities and racism that stall scientific progress.
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- 2021
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- View/download PDF
5. Introducing the Microbes and Social Equity Working Group: Considering the Microbial Components of Social, Environmental, and Health Justice
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Suzanne L. Ishaq, Francisco J. Parada, Patricia G. Wolf, Carla Y. Bonilla, Megan A. Carney, Amber Benezra, Emily Wissel, Michael Friedman, Kristen M. DeAngelis, Jake M. Robinson, Ashkaan K. Fahimipour, Melissa B. Manus, Laura Grieneisen, Leslie G. Dietz, Ashish Pathak, Ashvini Chauhan, Sahana Kuthyar, Justin D. Stewart, Mauna R. Dasari, Emily Nonnamaker, Mallory Choudoir, Patrick F. Horve, Naupaka B. Zimmerman, Ariangela J. Kozik, Katherine Weatherford Darling, Adriana L. Romero-Olivares, Janani Hariharan, Nicole Farmer, Katherine A. Maki, Jackie L. Collier, Kieran C. O’Doherty, Jeffrey Letourneau, Jeff Kline, Peter L. Moses, and Nicolae Morar
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biopolitics ,health disparities ,social determinants of health ,structural determinants of health ,integrated research ,microbiomes ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Humans are inextricably linked to each other and our natural world, and microorganisms lie at the nexus of those interactions. Microorganisms form genetically flexible, taxonomically diverse, and biochemically rich communities, i.e., microbiomes that are integral to the health and development of macroorganisms, societies, and ecosystems. Yet engagement with beneficial microbiomes is dictated by access to public resources, such as nutritious food, clean water and air, safe shelter, social interactions, and effective medicine. In this way, microbiomes have sociopolitical contexts that must be considered. The Microbes and Social Equity (MSE) Working Group connects microbiology with social equity research, education, policy, and practice to understand the interplay of microorganisms, individuals, societies, and ecosystems. Here, we outline opportunities for integrating microbiology and social equity work through broadening education and training; diversifying research topics, methods, and perspectives; and advocating for evidence-based public policy that supports sustainable, equitable, and microbial wealth for all.
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- 2021
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6. Airway microbiota and immune mediator relationships differ in obesity and asthma
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Ariangela J. Kozik, Lesa A. Begley, Njira Lugogo, Alan Baptist, John Erb-Downward, Kristopher Opron, and Yvonne J. Huang
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Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy - Abstract
Asthma and obesity are both complex conditions characterized by chronic inflammation, and obesity-related severe asthma has been associated with differences in the microbiome. However, whether the airway microbiome and microbiota-immune response relationships differ between obese persons with or without non-severe asthma is unestablished.To compare the airway microbiome and microbiota-immune mediator relationships between obese and non-obese subjects, with and without mild-moderate asthma.We performed cross-sectional analyses of the airway (induced sputum) microbiome and cytokine profiles from blood and sputum, employing 16S rRNA gene and ITS region sequencing to profile bacteria and fungi, and multiplex immunoassays. Analysis tools included QIIME2, linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), Piphillin, and SParse InversE Covariance Estimation for Ecological Association Inference (SPIEC-EASI).Obesity, irrespective of asthma status, was associated with significant differences in sputum bacterial community structure and composition (unweighted Unifrac PERMANOVA, p=0.02), including a higher relative abundance of Prevotella, Gemella, and Streptococcus species. Among asthmatic subjects, additional differences in sputum bacterial composition and fungal richness were identified between obese and non-obese individuals. Correlation network analyses demonstrated differences between obese and non-obese asthma in relationships between cytokine mediators, and these together with specific airway bacteria, involving blood PAI-1, sputum IL1-β, GM-CSF, IL-8, TNF-α, and several Prevotella species.Obesity itself is associated with an altered sputum microbiome, which further differs in those with mild-moderate asthma. The distinct differences in airway microbiota and immune marker relationships in obese asthma suggest potential involvement of airway microbes that may impact mechanisms or outcomes of obese asthma.
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- 2023
7. mSphere of Influence: Frameshift—a Vision for Human Microbiome Research
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Ariangela J. Kozik
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asthma ,disparities ,microbiome ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Ariangela J. Kozik studies the respiratory microbiome as it relates to asthma. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how two papers, “Time’s up to adopt a biopsychosocial model to address racial and ethnic disparities in asthma outcomes” (E. C. Matsui, A. S. Adamson, and R. D. Peng, Allergy Clin Immunol 143:2024–2025, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2019.03.015) and “Health disparities and the microbiome” (K. Findley, D. R. Williams, E. A. Grice, and V. L. Bonham, Trends Microbiol 24:847–850, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2016.08.001), shape her approach to human microbiome research.
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- 2020
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8. The ASM Journals Committee Values the Contributions of Black Microbiologists
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Patrick D. Schloss, Melissa Junior, Rebecca Alvania, Cesar A. Arias, Andreas Baumler, Arturo Casadevall, Corrella Detweiler, Harold Drake, Jack Gilbert, Michael J. Imperiale, Susan Lovett, Stanley Maloy, Alexander J. McAdam, Irene L. G. Newton, Michael J. Sadowsky, Rozanne M. Sandri-Goldin, Thomas J. Silhavy, Peter Tontonoz, Jo-Anne H. Young, Craig E. Cameron, Isaac Cann, A. Oveta Fuller, and Ariangela J. Kozik
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Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Published
- 2020
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9. Microbiome–Immune Interactions in Allergy and Asthma
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Yvonne J. Huang, Cara Porsche, Ariangela J. Kozik, and Susan V. Lynch
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Adult ,Microbiota ,Hypersensitivity ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Environmental Exposure ,Asthma ,Aged - Abstract
The human microbiota has been established as a key regulator of host health, in large part owing to its constant interaction with and impact on host immunity. A range of environmental exposures spanning from the prenatal period through adulthood are known to affect the composition and molecular productivity of microbiomes across mucosal and dermal tissues with short- and long-term consequences for host immune function. Here we review recent findings in the field that provide insights into how microbial-immune interactions promote and sustain immune dysfunction associated with allergy and asthma. We consider both early life microbiome perturbation and the molecular underpinnings of immune dysfunction associated with subsequent allergy and asthma development in childhood, as well as microbiome features that relate to phenotypic attributes of allergy and asthma in older patients with established disease.
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- 2022
10. Microbiome, Metabolism, and Immunoregulation of Asthma: An American Thoracic Society and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Workshop Report
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Ariangela J. Kozik, Fernando Holguin, Leopoldo N. Segal, Talal A. Chatila, Anne E. Dixon, James E. Gern, Catherine Lozupone, Nicholas Lukacs, Carey Lumeng, Philip L. Molyneaux, Nichole Reisdorph, Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin, Alkis Togias, and Yvonne J. Huang
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Microbiota ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Immunity ,Cell Biology ,Asthma ,United States ,Mice ,National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) ,Hypersensitivity ,Animals ,Humans ,Child ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
This report presents the proceedings from a workshop titled "Microbiome, Metabolism and Immunoregulation of Asthma" that was held virtually May 13 and 14, 2021. The workshop was jointly sponsored by the American Thoracic Society (Assembly on Allergy, Immunology, and Inflammation) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. It convened an interdisciplinary group of experts with backgrounds in asthma immunology, microbiome science, metabolomics, computational biology, and translational pulmonary research. The main purpose was to identify key scientific gaps and needs to further advance research on microbial and metabolic mechanisms that may contribute to variable immune responses and disease heterogeneity in asthma. Discussions were structured around several topics, including 1) immune and microbial mechanisms of asthma pathogenesis in murine models, 2) the role of microbes in pediatric asthma exacerbations, 3) dysregulated metabolic pathways in asthma associated with obesity, 4) metabolism effects on macrophage function in adipose tissue and the lungs, 5) computational approaches to dissect microbiome-metabolite links, and 6) potential confounders of microbiome-disease associations in human studies. This report summarizes the major points of discussion, which included identification of specific knowledge gaps, challenges, and suggested directions for future research. These include questions surrounding mechanisms by which microbiota and metabolites shape host health versus an allergic or asthmatic state; direct and indirect influences of other biological factors, exposures, and comorbidities on these interactions; and ongoing technical and analytical gaps for clinical translation.
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- 2022
11. Effects of Fluticasone Propionate on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Gram-Negative Bacteria Associated with Chronic Airway Disease
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Lesa A. Begley, Kristopher Opron, Guowu Bian, Ariangela J. Kozik, Cai Liu, Jeremy Felton, Bo Wen, Duxin Sun, and Yvonne J. Huang
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Molecular Biology ,Microbiology - Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroids are widely prescribed for many respiratory diseases, including asthma and COPD. While they benefit many patients, corticosteroids can also have negative effects.
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- 2022
12. The U.S. academic job market survives the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic
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Ariangela J Kozik, Ada Hagan, Nafisa M Jadavji, Christopher T Smith, and Amanda Haage
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Many speculated that the faculty job market would be severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially for years. Our examination of faculty job postings from 2018 to 2021 found that while they decreased in 2020, the market recovered in 2021. We also surveyed how the pandemic affected the perceptions, behaviors, and outcomes of individuals on the faculty job market in 2019–20 and 2020–21. Approximately 10% of the faculty job offers made to 2019–20 survey respondents were reported as rescinded. Respondents also reported altering their application documents in response to the pandemic as well as delaying or even abandoning their faculty job search. Thus, while the faculty job market may have recovered, the effect of the pandemic on postdoctoral career choices may have future implications.One-Sentence SummaryThe COVID-19 pandemic resulted in changes of perceptions and behaviors of individuals on the faculty job market.
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- 2022
13. Vitamin E alpha- and gamma-tocopherol mitigate colitis, protect intestinal barrier function and modulate the gut microbiota in mice
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Kilia Y. Liu, Cindy H. Nakatsu, Qing Jiang, Ariangela J. Kozik, and Yava L. Jones-Hall
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,gamma-Tocopherol ,Gut flora ,Occludin ,digestive system ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Vitamin E ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Colitis ,Barrier function ,biology ,Chemistry ,Dextran Sulfate ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Caco-2 Cells ,Intestinal Disorder ,Dysbiosis ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) including colitis are intestinal disorders characterized by chronic inflammation, barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis. Specific forms of vitamin E have been shown to attenuate colitis, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of α-tocopherol (αT) and γ-tocopherol-rich tocopherols (γTmT) on gut inflammation, barrier integrity and microbiota in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. We observe that αT and γTmT mitigated DSS-caused fecal bleeding, diarrhea and elevation of IL-6. These vitamin E forms inhibited colitis-induced loss of the tight junction protein occludin, and attenuated colitis-caused elevation of LPS-binding protein in the plasma, a surrogate marker of intestinal barrier dysfunction, suggesting protection of gut barrier integrity. Consistently, αT and γT mitigated TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced impairment of trans-epithelial electrical resistance in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayer. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal DNA, we observe that DSS reduced gut microbial evenness and separated microbial composition from healthy controls. In colitis-induced mice, γTmT but not αT separated gut microbial composition from controls, and attenuated DSS-caused depletion of Roseburia, which contains butyrate producing bacteria and is decreased in IBD patients. Canonical correspondence analysis also supports that γTmT favorably altered gut microbial community. In contrast, neither αT nor γTmT affected gut microbes in healthy animals. These results provide evidence supporting protective effects of αT and γT on intestinal barrier function and that γTmT caused favorable changes of the gut microbiota in colitis-induced mice.
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- 2021
14. Building a community for Black microbiologists
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Ariangela J. Kozik
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Microbiology (medical) ,Immunology ,Genetics ,Cell Biology ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology - Published
- 2022
15. A talent network of Black microbiologists
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Chelsey C, Spriggs, Nikea, Pittman, Ninecia R, Scott, Kishana, Taylor, and Ariangela J, Kozik
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Aptitude ,Sports - Published
- 2022
16. Ecological interactions in asthma
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Yvonne J. Huang and Ariangela J. Kozik
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pathophysiology of asthma ,Extramural ,Ecology ,business.industry ,Microbiota ,Immunity ,Human microbiome ,Ecological and Environmental Phenomena ,Context (language use) ,medicine.disease ,Article ,Asthma ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,030228 respiratory system ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Microbiome ,business - Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asthma is a heterogeneous condition shaped not only by genetics but also host conditioning by environmental factors. Recognizing the ecological context of microbe-immune interactions across environments and body sites is a necessary step towards better understanding how human microbiota influence or drive the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of asthma in its various presentations. RECENT FINDINGS: There is increasing evidence of a critical role for microbiota in asthma pathogenesis and outcomes across various body compartments, including the upper and lower airways and gut. We discuss recent studies from this area including: 1) development of a method to quantify microbial farm-effect in non-farm environments, 2) relationships between environmental microbial exposures and asthma prevalence across different geographies, 3) microbiome-mediated responses to ozone, and 4) microbiome-immune interactions within and across body compartments. Beyond bacteria, recent reports of asthma-associated differences in archaea and fungal organisms also are highlighted. SUMMARY: Collective evidence warrants application of an ecological framework to advance mechanistic insights into microbiota-immune interactions in asthma. This is necessary to achieve goals of developing successful therapeutic interventions targeting modification of microbiomes.
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- 2020
17. Advancing Equity and Inclusion in Microbiome Research and Training
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Adam R. Rivers, Cassandra J. Wattenburger, Filipa Godoy-Vitorino, Karla P. Franco Meléndez, Ariangela J. Kozik, Alicia J. Foxx, and Janani Hariharan
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Physiology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,mentoring ,microbiome ,Commit ,Biochemistry ,Racism ,Microbiology ,equity ,Resource (project management) ,Political science ,Genetics ,Quality (business) ,Microbiome ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,media_common ,Equity (economics) ,training ,business.industry ,Scientific progress ,Public relations ,collaboration ,QR1-502 ,Computer Science Applications ,inclusion ,Modeling and Simulation ,international ,Perspective ,business ,Inclusion (education) - Abstract
This article proposes ways to improve inclusion and training in microbiome science and advocates for resource expansion to improve scientific capacity across institutions and countries. Specifically, we urge mentors, collaborators, and decision-makers to commit to inclusive and accessible research and training that improves the quality of microbiome science and begins to rectify long-standing inequities imposed by wealth disparities and racism that stall scientific progress.
- Published
- 2021
18. Introducing the Microbes and Social Equity Working Group : considering the microbial components of social, environmental, and health justice
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Sahana Kuthyar, Melissa B. Manus, Ashkaan K. Fahimipour, Jake M. Robinson, Justin D. Stewart, Mallory J. Choudoir, Jeff Kline, Jeffrey Letourneau, Ashish Pathak, Emily Nonnamaker, Patrick F. Horve, Kieran C. O’Doherty, Suzanne L. Ishaq, Ashvini Chauhan, Adriana L. Romero-Olivares, Ariangela J. Kozik, Nicolae Morar, Katherine A. Maki, Nicole Farmer, Naupaka Zimmerman, Leslie Dietz, Kristen M. DeAngelis, Mauna Dasari, Amber Benezra, Jackie L. Collier, Patricia G. Wolf, Emily F. Wissel, Francisco J. Parada, Peter L. Moses, Carla Y Bonilla, Megan A. Carney, Michael Friedman, Katherine Weatherford Darling, Laura E. Grieneisen, and Janani Hariharan
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0301 basic medicine ,Physiology ,Public policy ,Biochemistry ,Microbiology ,Nutritious food ,Economic Justice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,microbiomes ,structural determinants of health ,Genetics ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Social determinants of health ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,health disparities ,Environmental ethics ,integrated research ,Editor's Pick ,biopolitics ,QR1-502 ,Health equity ,Computer Science Applications ,030104 developmental biology ,social determinants of health ,Modeling and Simulation ,Perspective ,Business ,Nexus (standard) ,Biopower ,Social equality - Abstract
Humans are inextricably linked to each other and our natural world, and microorganisms lie at the nexus of those interactions. Microorganisms form genetically flexible, taxonomically diverse, and biochemically rich communities, i.e., microbiomes that are integral to the health and development of macroorganisms, societies, and ecosystems. Yet engagement with beneficial microbiomes is dictated by access to public resources, such as nutritious food, clean water and air, safe shelter, social interactions, and effective medicine. In this way, microbiomes have sociopolitical contexts that must be considered. The Microbes and Social Equity (MSE) Working Group connects microbiology with social equity research, education, policy, and practice to understand the interplay of microorganisms, individuals, societies, and ecosystems. Here, we outline opportunities for integrating microbiology and social equity work through broadening education and training; diversifying research topics, methods, and perspectives; and advocating for evidence-based public policy that supports sustainable, equitable, and microbial wealth for all.
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- 2021
19. The microbiome in asthma
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Yvonne J. Huang and Ariangela J. Kozik
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Childhood asthma ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Human microbiome ,medicine.disease ,Bioinformatics ,Response to treatment ,Phenotype ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Lifestyle factors ,030228 respiratory system ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Microbiome ,business ,Asthma - Abstract
Objective To synthesize evidence on the role of microbiota in asthma pathogenesis, phenotype, and treatment outcomes, and to provide perspective on future research directions and challenges. Data Sources Studies identified from a PubMed search, including all or some of the terms “asthma,” “microbiome,” “microbiota,” “gut,” “airway,” “respiratory,” “lung,” “viral,” and “fungal”. Study Selections Studies included and referenced based on the authors' opinion of the study design and methods, value of the research questions, and the relevance of the results to the objective of the article. Results Many studies have demonstrated an important role for intestinal or upper airway microbiota in mediating the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. Fewer but robust studies have implicated a role for lower respiratory tract microbiota in adult asthma phenotype, including effects of treatments. Bacterial and fungal members of the respiratory microbiota are associated with and may drive specific molecular phenotypes of asthma in adults. Conclusion Current evidence supports the role of human microbiota changes in shaping asthma risk, pathogenesis, and clinical presentation. Further understanding of how microbiota functionally mediate these aspects in clinically relevant contexts will require better integration of advanced scientific tools, analytic methods, and well-designed clinical studies. These efforts should be pursued with a systems-level perspective of the complex interactions between human hosts and their microbiomes, and the impact on these interactions of changes in environmental and lifestyle factors across the lifespan.
- Published
- 2019
20. Designing the Microbes and Social Equity Symposium: A Novel Interdisciplinary Virtual Research Conference Based on Achieving Group-Directed Outputs
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Suzanne L. Ishaq, Emily F. Wissel, Patricia G. Wolf, Laura Grieneisen, Erin M. Eggleston, Gwynne Mhuireach, Michael Friedman, Anne Lichtenwalner, Jessica Otero Machuca, Katherine Weatherford Darling, Amber L. Pearson, Frank S. Wertheim, Abigail J. Johnson, Leslie Hodges, Sabrina K. Young, Charlene C. Nielsen, Anita L. Kozyrskyj, Jean D. MacRae, Elise McKenna Myers, Ariangela J. Kozik, Lisa Marie Tussing-Humphreys, Monica Trujillo, Gaea A. Daniel, Michael R. Kramer, Sharon M. Donovan, Myra Arshad, Joe Balkan, and Sarah Hosler
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Management of Technology and Innovation - Abstract
The Microbes and Social Equity working group was formed in 2020 to foster conversations on research, education, and policy related to how microorganisms connect to personal, societal, and environmental health, and to provide space and guidance for action. In 2021, we designed our first virtual symposium to convene researchers already working in these areas for more guided discussions. The symposium organizing team had never planned a research event of this scale or style, and this perspective piece details that process and our reflections. The goals were to (1) convene interdisciplinary audiences around topics involving microbiomes and health, (2) stimulate conversation around a selected list of paramount research topics, and (3) leverage the disciplinary and professional diversity of the group to create meaningful agendas and actionable items for attendees to continue to engage with after the meeting. Sixteen co-written documents were created during the symposium which contained ideas and resources, or identified barriers and solutions to creating equity in ways which would promote beneficial microbial interactions. The most remarked-upon aspect was the working time in the breakout rooms built into the schedule. MSE members agreed that in future symposia, providing interactive workshops, training, or collaborative working time would provide useful content, a novel conference activity, and allow attendees to accomplish other work-oriented goals simultaneously.
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- 2022
21. Introducing the Black Microbiologists Association
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Chelsey C. Spriggs, Ninecia R. Scott, Ariangela J. Kozik, Nikea Pittman, and Kishana Taylor
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Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Infectious Diseases ,Virology ,Family medicine ,Association (object-oriented programming) ,medicine ,Business ,Microbiology - Published
- 2021
22. Ten simple rules to increase computational skills among biologists with Code Clubs
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William L. Close, Kathryn McBride, Matthew L. Jenior, Marc A. Sze, Begüm D. Topçuoğlu, Geoffrey D. Hannigan, Ada K. Hagan, Amanda G. Elmore, Kaitlin J. Flynn, Nicholas A. Lesniak, Sarah Tomkovich, Patrick D. Schloss, Lucas Bishop, Ariangela J. Kozik, Marcy J. Balunas, Kelly Sovacool, Matthew D. Doherty, Charlie C. Koumpouras, Samara Rifkin, and Joshua M. A. Stough
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0301 basic medicine ,Science and Technology Workforce ,Molecular biology ,Social Sciences ,Biologists ,Careers in Research ,Respect ,0302 clinical medicine ,Learning and Memory ,Sequencing techniques ,Sociology ,Psychology ,Biology (General) ,Repeated practice ,Grammar ,Ecology ,Software Engineering ,RNA sequencing ,Research Assessment ,Reproducibility ,Schedule (workplace) ,Professions ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Modeling and Simulation ,Engineering and Technology ,Workshops ,Club ,Goals ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Computer and Information Sciences ,QH301-705.5 ,Science Policy ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Library science ,Logo ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Genetics ,Humans ,Learning ,Syntax ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Data Science ,Cognitive Psychology ,Computational Biology ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Linguistics ,030104 developmental biology ,Molecular biology techniques ,Critical thinking ,Coursework ,People and Places ,Scientists ,Cognitive Science ,Population Groupings ,Programming Languages ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co , Inc , Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America Affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America ORCID logo http://orcid org/0000-0003-3140-537X Patrick D Schloss * E-mail: pschloss@umich edu Affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America ORCID logo http://orcid org/0000-0002-6935-4275 Introduction For most biologists, the ability to generate data has outpaced the ability to analyze those data In addition to building upon material from traditional coursework and staying current on the literature, Journal Clubs help strengthen skills in critical thinking, communication, and integrating the literature [11] Because most Journal Clubs occur on a regular schedule, they are effective by virtue of repeated practice With this model in mind, over the past four years we have experimented with creating a Code Club model with the goal of improving reproducible data analysis skills in a laboratory environment [ ]presenters were reluctant to offer to present again
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- 2020
23. The ASM Journals Committee Values the Contributions of Black Microbiologists
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Alexander J. McAdam, Irene L. G. Newton, Rozanne M. Sandri-Goldin, Craig E. Cameron, Peter Tontonoz, Andreas J. Bäumler, A. Oveta Fuller, Susan T. Lovett, Michael J. Sadowsky, Patrick D. Schloss, Thomas J. Silhavy, Cesar A. Arias, Michael J. Imperiale, Harold L. Drake, Arturo Casadevall, Rebecca Alvania, Jack A. Gilbert, Ariangela J. Kozik, Corrella S. Detweiler, Jo Anne H. Young, Melissa Junior, Stanley Maloy, and Isaac Cann
- Subjects
Male ,Epidemiology ,MathematicsofComputing_GENERAL ,Criminology ,Biochemistry ,Racism ,lcsh:Microbiology ,InformationSystems_GENERAL ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Sociology ,Biology (General) ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,media_common ,African Americans ,education.field_of_study ,0303 health sciences ,Oscillation ,Philosophy ,Pseudoscience ,Art ,Alvania ,Editorial ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Modeling and Simulation ,Periodicals as Topic ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Biological system ,Editorial Policies ,Microbiology (medical) ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,QH301-705.5 ,media_common.quotation_subject ,030106 microbiology ,Immunology ,Communicable Diseases ,Microbiology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,Police brutality ,Political science ,Genetics ,Humans ,education ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Social Darwinism ,Pharmacology ,030306 microbiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Black or African American ,Laboratory Personnel ,030104 developmental biology ,Neuromorphic engineering ,George (robot) ,Insect Science ,Parasitology ,0503 education ,Curriculum and Pedagogy ,0301 basic medicine ,History ,Biomedical Research ,Physiology ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Gating ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) ,GEORGE (programming language) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Obligation ,Latent Syphilis ,Prefrontal cortex ,Letter to the Editor ,Physics ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,Ecology ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Biological Sciences ,Special aspects of education ,humanities ,QR1-502 ,Computer Science Applications ,Infectious Diseases ,Excitatory postsynaptic potential ,Female ,Ideology ,Always true ,Biotechnology ,Disparidades en la salud ,Societies, Scientific ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Population ,Black People ,Biology ,GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS ,Bias ,Virology ,medicine ,Waveform ,Healthcare Disparities ,030304 developmental biology ,Publishing ,LC8-6691 ,Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,Research ,Resonance ,Microbiólogos negros ,COVID-19 ,Cell Biology ,Health Status Disparities ,biology.organism_classification ,Black Microbiologists ,Comité de Revistas ASM ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Syphilis ,Humanities ,Food Science - Abstract
Oscillations are ubiquitous features of brain dynamics that undergo task-related changes in synchrony, power, and frequency. The impact of those changes on target networks is poorly understood. In this work, we used a biophysically detailed model of prefrontal cortex (PFC) to explore the effects of varying the spike rate, synchrony, and waveform of strong oscillatory inputs on the behavior of cortical networks driven by them. Interacting populations of excitatory and inhibitory neurons with strong feedback inhibition are inhibition-based network oscillators that exhibit resonance (i.e., larger responses to preferred input frequencies). We quantified network responses in terms of mean firing rates and the population frequency of network oscillation; and characterized their behavior in terms of the natural response to asynchronous input and the resonant response to oscillatory inputs. We show that strong feedback inhibition causes the PFC to generate internal (natural) oscillations in the beta/gamma frequency range (>15 Hz) and to maximize principal cell spiking in response to external oscillations at slightly higher frequencies. Importantly, we found that the fastest oscillation frequency that can be relayed by the network maximizes local inhibition and is equal to a frequency even higher than that which maximizes the firing rate of excitatory cells; we call this phenomenon population frequency resonance. This form of resonance is shown to determine the optimal driving frequency for suppressing responses to asynchronous activity. Lastly, we demonstrate that the natural and resonant frequencies can be tuned by changes in neuronal excitability, the duration of feedback inhibition, and dynamic properties of the input. Our results predict that PFC networks are tuned for generating and selectively responding to beta- and gamma-rhythmic signals due to the natural and resonant properties of inhibition-based oscillators. They also suggest strategies for optimizing transcranial stimulation and using oscillatory networks in neuromorphic engineering. Author Summary The prefrontal cortex (PFC) flexibly encodes task-relevant representations and outputs biases to mediate higher cognitive functions. The relevant neural ensembles undergo task-related changes in oscillatory dynamics at beta- and gamma frequencies. Using a computational model of the PFC network, we show that strong feedback inhibition causes the PFC to generate internal oscillations and to prefer external oscillations at similar frequencies. The precise frequencies that are generated and preferred can be flexibly tuned by varying the synchrony and strength of input network activity, the level of background excitation, and neuromodulation of intrinsic ion currents. We also show that the peak output frequency in response to external oscillations, which depends on the synchrony and strength of the input as well as the strong inhibitory feedback, is faster than the internally generated frequency, and that this difference enables exclusive response to oscillatory inputs. These properties enable changes in oscillatory dynamics to govern the selective processing and gating of task-relevant signals in service of cognitive control.
- Published
- 2020
24. Obesity Is Associated with an Altered Airway Microbiome and Distinct Airway Microbiota-Immune Relationships in Asthma
- Author
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M. Coffey, Lesa Begley, N. Lugogo, Siddharth Madapoosi, Kristopher Opron, John R. Erb-Downward, Ariangela J. Kozik, Nicole Schafer, Alan P. Baptist, and Yvonne J. Huang
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Immune system ,business.industry ,Immunology ,medicine ,Microbiome ,medicine.disease ,business ,Airway ,Obesity ,Asthma - Published
- 2020
25. Author response: A survey-based analysis of the academic job market
- Author
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Nafisa M. Jadavji, Orsolya Symmons, Christopher T. Smith, Natalie M. Niemi, Amanda Haage, Ariangela J. Kozik, Alex S. Holehouse, Sarvenaz Sarabipour, Jason D Fernandes, Alexandre W. Bisson Filho, and Vikas Pejaver
- Subjects
Sociology ,Marketing ,Job market - Published
- 2020
26. A survey-based analysis of the academic job market
- Author
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Orsolya Symmons, Vikas Pejaver, Nafisa M. Jadavji, Natalie M. Niemi, Christopher T. Smith, Ariangela J. Kozik, Amanda Haage, Sarvenaz Sarabipour, Alex S. Holehouse, Jason D Fernandes, and Alexandre W. Bisson Filho
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Computer science ,Outcome (game theory) ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Lack of knowledge ,Marketing ,Biology (General) ,Multidisciplinary ,Career Choice ,Scope (project management) ,General Neuroscience ,General Medicine ,scientific publishing ,Faculty ,Research Personnel ,Knowledge ,Publishing ,Transparency (graphic) ,careers in science ,Medicine ,Female ,Psychology ,Human ,Universities ,Process (engineering) ,QH301-705.5 ,Science ,MEDLINE ,meta-research ,Job market ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Meta research ,Humans ,early-career researchers ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,business.industry ,Research ,Feature Article ,Achievement ,Data science ,Career Mobility ,030104 developmental biology ,Job Application ,tenure ,research culture ,Scientific publishing ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Many postdoctoral researchers apply for faculty positions knowing relatively little about the hiring process or what is needed to secure a job offer. To address this lack of knowledge about the hiring process we conducted a survey of applicants for faculty positions: the survey ran between May 2018 and May 2019, and received 317 responses. We analyzed the responses to explore the interplay between various scholarly metrics and hiring outcomes. We concluded that, above a certain threshold, the benchmarks traditionally used to measure research success – including funding, number of publications or journals published in – were unable to completely differentiate applicants with and without job offers. Respondents also reported that the hiring process was unnecessarily stressful, time-consuming, and lacking in feedback, irrespective of outcome. Our findings suggest that there is considerable scope to improve the transparency of the hiring process.
- Published
- 2019
27. Insights from a survey-based analysis of the academic job market
- Author
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Christopher T. Smith, Natalie M. Niemi, Jason D Fernandes, Sarvenaz Sarabipour, Bisson Filho Aw, Pejaver, Ariangela J. Kozik, Orsolya Symmons, Amanda Haage, Alex S. Holehouse, and Nafisa M. Jadavji
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Process (engineering) ,4. Education ,High impact factor ,Outcome (game theory) ,Job market ,Critical phase ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Transparency (graphic) ,8. Economic growth ,Position (finance) ,Marketing ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Applying for a faculty position is a critical phase of many postdoctoral careers, but most postdoctoral researchers in STEM fields enter the academic job market with little knowledge of the process and expectations. A lack of data has made it difficult for applicants to assess their qualifications relative to the general applicant pool and for institutions to develop effective hiring policies. We analyzed responses to a survey of faculty job applicants between May 2018 and May 2019. We establish various background scholarly metrics for a typical faculty applicant and present an analysis of the interplay between those metrics and hiring outcomes. Traditional benchmarks of a positive research track record above a certain threshold of qualifications were unable to completely differentiate applicants with and without offers. Our findings suggest that there is no single clear path to a faculty job offer and that metrics such as career transition awards and publications in high impact factor journals were neither necessary nor sufficient for landing a faculty position. The applicants perceived the process as unnecessarily stressful, time-consuming, and largely lacking in feedback, irrespective of a successful outcome. Our findings emphasize the need to improve the transparency of the faculty job application process. In addition, we hope these and future data will help empower trainees to enter the academic job market with clearer expectations and improved confidence.
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- 2019
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28. Comparison of the fecal, cecal, and mucus microbiome in male and female mice after TNBS-induced colitis
- Author
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Cindy H. Nakatsu, Yava L. Jones-Hall, Ariangela J. Kozik, and Hyonho Chun
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Physiology ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Cecum ,Feces ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Immune Response ,Multidisciplinary ,Microbiota ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Genomics ,Animal Models ,Colitis ,Ulcerative colitis ,Body Fluids ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Experimental Organism Systems ,Medical Microbiology ,Medicine ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Female ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Colon ,Science ,Immunology ,Mouse Models ,Microbial Genomics ,Gastroenterology and Hepatology ,Biology ,Research and Analysis Methods ,digestive system ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Model Organisms ,Signs and Symptoms ,Diagnostic Medicine ,medicine ,Genetics ,Animals ,Microbiome ,Inflammation ,Mucous Membrane ,Inflammatory Bowel Disease ,Biology and Life Sciences ,medicine.disease ,Mucus ,digestive system diseases ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ,Animal Studies ,Digestive System - Abstract
Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis are chronic, inflammatory conditions of the digestive tract, collectively known as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The combined influence of lifestyle factors, genetics, and the gut microbiome contribute to IBD pathogenesis. Studies of the gut microbiome have shown significant differences in its composition between healthy individuals and those with IBD. Due to the high inter-individual microbiome variation seen in humans, mouse models of IBD are often used to investigate potential IBD mechanisms and their interplay between host, microbial, and environmental factors. While fecal samples are the predominant material used for microbial community analysis, they may not be the ideal sample to use for analysis of the microbiome of mice with experimental colitis, such as that induced by 2, 4, 6 trinitrobenzesulfonic acid (TNBS). As TNBS is administered intrarectally to induce colitis and inflammation is confined to the colon in this model, we hypothesized that the microbiome of the colonic mucus would most closely correlate with TNBS colitis severity. Based on our previous research, we also hypothesized that sex would be associated with both disease severity and microbial differences in mice with chronic TNBS colitis. We examined and compared the fecal, cecal content, and colonic mucus microbiota of 8-week old male and female C57BL/6J wild-type mice prior to and after the induction of TNBS colitis via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that the colonic mucus microbiome was more closely correlated with disease severity than were alterations in the fecal and cecal microbiomes. We also found that the microbiomes of the feces, cecum, and mucus were distinct, but found no significant differences that were associated with sex in either compartment. Our findings highlight the importance of sampling colonic mucus in TNBS-induced colitis. Moreover, consideration of the differential impact of sex on the microbiome across mouse strains may be critical for the appropriate application of TNBS colitis models and robust comparisons across studies in the future.
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- 2019
29. Gut microbiome characteristics associate with clinical and immunologic features of adult asthma phenotype
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Molly Cook, Lesa Begley, Ariangela J. Kozik, Sherry Zhou, and Yvonne J. Huang
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Asthma phenotypes ,Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy ,Biology ,Gut microbiome - Published
- 2020
30. The microbiome in asthma: Role in pathogenesis, phenotype, and response to treatment
- Author
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Ariangela J, Kozik and Yvonne J, Huang
- Subjects
Phenotype ,Microbiota ,Animals ,Humans ,Asthma ,Article - Abstract
To synthesize evidence on the role of microbiota in asthma pathogenesis, phenotype, and treatment outcomes, and to provide perspective on future research directions and challenges.Studies identified from a PubMed search, including all or some of the terms "asthma," "microbiome," "microbiota," "gut," "airway," "respiratory," "lung," "viral," and "fungal".Studies included and referenced based on the authors' opinion of the study design and methods, value of the research questions, and the relevance of the results to the objective of the article.Many studies have demonstrated an important role for intestinal or upper airway microbiota in mediating the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. Fewer but robust studies have implicated a role for lower respiratory tract microbiota in adult asthma phenotype, including effects of treatments. Bacterial and fungal members of the respiratory microbiota are associated with and may drive specific molecular phenotypes of asthma in adults.Current evidence supports the role of human microbiota changes in shaping asthma risk, pathogenesis, and clinical presentation. Further understanding of how microbiota functionally mediate these aspects in clinically relevant contexts will require better integration of advanced scientific tools, analytic methods, and well-designed clinical studies. These efforts should be pursued with a systems-level perspective of the complex interactions between human hosts and their microbiomes, and the impact on these interactions of changes in environmental and lifestyle factors across the lifespan.
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- 2018
31. Age, sex, and TNF associated differences in the gut microbiota of mice and their impact on acute TNBS colitis
- Author
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Ariangela J. Kozik, Hyonho Chun, Cindy H. Nakatsu, and Yava L. Jones-Hall
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Inflammation ,Gut flora ,digestive system ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Feces ,Mice ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Microbiome ,Colitis ,Molecular Biology ,Mice, Knockout ,Sex Characteristics ,biology ,Bacteria ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Age Factors ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ,Immunology ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,medicine.symptom ,Sex characteristics - Abstract
Mouse models are often used to determine the interactions between the microbiota and inflammatory processes and overcome the confounding effect of the naturally high inter-individual variation of the gut microbiota in humans. However, the microbiomes of mice are also variable and data detailing the degree to which factors like mouse sex and age contribute to mouse gut microbiota variation is limited. Our objective was to determine the impact sex and age have on the mouse gut microbiota and the severity of acute 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis. We used Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to characterize the fecal microbiota of B6.129S wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking tumor necrosis factor (Tnf-/-) before and after acute TNBS colitis. There were differences between the fecal microbiota of male and female WT mice as well as Tnf-/- mice, both pre-and post-colitis. Male WT mice had more severe colitis than female WT mice and Tnf-/- mice of both sexes. We also identified microbial taxa differences between 4-5 and 6-7-week old WT and Tnf-/- mice both pre-and post-colitis. Here we provide evidence that the mouse fecal microbiome is shaped, in part, by sex, age and TNF production and that these effects correlate with the degree of animals' colitis.
- Published
- 2017
32. TNF Modulates The Gut Microbiota And Drives Inflammation
- Author
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Cindy H. Nakatsu, Yava L. Jones-Hall, and Ariangela J. Kozik
- Subjects
biology ,business.industry ,Inflammation ,Disease ,Gut flora ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Ulcerative colitis ,digestive system diseases ,Immunology ,Genetics ,Etiology ,Medicine ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) consists of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease (CD). The etiology remains unclear; however tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is known to promote the inflammation seen...
- Published
- 2015
33. Ablation of Tumor Necrosis Factor Is Associated with Decreased Inflammation and Alterations of the Microbiota in a Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Author
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Cindy H. Nakatsu, Yava L. Jones-Hall, and Ariangela J. Kozik
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DNA, Bacterial ,lcsh:Medicine ,Inflammation ,digestive system ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Feces ,Mice ,Refractory ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Microbiome ,Colitis ,lcsh:Science ,Tnbs colitis ,Multidisciplinary ,Bacteria ,business.industry ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,lcsh:R ,Wild type ,Correction ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Disease Models, Animal ,Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ,Immunology ,lcsh:Q ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Colitis, Ulcerative ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with prolonged, excess secretions of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF). Many patients with IBD have successful management of IBD symptoms by blocking TNF secretion or signaling. However, some patients are non-responsive to this therapy, eventually become refractory to therapy, or may develop harmful side-effects [corrected]. Alterations in the microbiota that are associated with the lack of TNF could be a contributing cause of this therapeutic insufficiency seen in some patients. Here we use wildtype (WT) and mice lacking Tnf (Tnf-/-) in an acute TNBS colitis model to investigate the role of TNF in colitis and how its presence or absence affects the colonic microbiota. As expected, Tnf-/- had less severe inflammation than WT mice. Microbiome analysis revealed significant Tnf dependent-differences in alpha and beta diversity. There were also notable differences in many species that were also primarily Tnf dependent. Taken together, our data indicates that TNF contributes significantly to the inflammation and microbiotal alterations in that occur in IBD.
- Published
- 2014
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