Search

A Palma forrageira (Opuntia ficus-indica e Nopalea cochenillifera) é muito cultivada em diversas regiões do Brasil, principalmente nas semiáridas. Os frutos podem ser consumidos in natura ou processados, pois além saborosos, são ricos em nutrientes. Objetivou-se caracterizar frutos de diferentes clones de Opuntia (IPA 100412 e IPA 200023) e Nopalea (IPA 200021 e IPA 200205). Foram determinadas a coloração da casca e da polpa, comprimento, diâmetro, massa fresca média, teor de sólidos solúveis e firmeza dos frutos. Em média os frutos dos dois clones de Opuntia fícus-indica caracterizaram-se com maior massa fresca, comprimento e largura, coloração alaranjada e maior teor de sólidos solúveis (entre 18 a 20 °Brix). Em relação aos de Nopalea cochenillifera, caracterizaram-se com frutos menores e de com coloração da casca e da polpa vermelha.

Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. or "coquinho azedo" is a native palm species of the Brazilian savannah, bears fruits which are sold fresh or as frozen pulp. This study examined postharvest changes in "coquinho azedo" harvested at a commercially immature stage and later evaluated the quality of these fruits by comparing them with those harvested fully ripe. Fruits purchased in the 2020 harvest in Santo Antônio do Retiro, MG (Brazil), were harvested at different degrees of maturity, namely, commercially immature and ripe, according to the point of harvest adopted in the region. For 7 d, weight loss, skin color and respiratory activity were evaluated in the commercially immature-harvested fruits. At 7 d postharvest, physical and chemical evaluations of the pulp were performed. The ripe-harvested fruits were subjected to the same evaluations, but only at 1 d postharvest. The skin color of commercially immature-harvested fruits tended to yellow over the days. Respiration postharvest increased in the immature-harvested fruits. Fresh weight loss exceeded 10% but without compromising appearance. The commercially immature-harvested fruits had 55% more total phenols, whereas the ripe-harvested fruits had higher soluble solids and ascorbic acid contents. Pulp color, soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio and total carotenoid contents were similar regardless of the degree of maturity at harvest. During the days after the harvest of the commercially immature "coquinho azedo", changes take place which cause them to resemble the fruit harvested ripe. Based on the evaluated traits, the early harvest did not compromise the ripening of the fruits. RESUMEN Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. o "coquinho azedo" es una especie de palma nativa de la flora brasilefla, produce frutos que se venden frescos o como pulpa congelada. Este estudio examino los cambios poscosecha en los frutos de "coquinho azedo" recolectados en su etapa comercialmente inmaduros y evaluó su calidad comparándola con los cosechados completamente maduros. Los frutos adquiridos en la cosecha de 2020 en Santo Antonio do Retiro, MG (Brasil), fueron cosechados en diferentes grados de madurez: inmaduros o maduros según el punto de cosecha adoptado en la región. Durante 7 d, se evaluó la pérdida de peso, el color de la epidermis y la actividad respiratoria en los frutos inmaduros recolectados. A los 7 d poscosecha, se realizaron evaluaciones físicas y químicas de la pulpa. Los frutos cosechados maduros fueron sometidos a las mismas evaluaciones, pero 1 d después de recolectados. El color de la epidermis de los frutos inmaduros tendió a amarillearse con el paso de los días. La respiración poscosecha aumentó en los frutos inmaduros. La pérdida de peso fresco superó el 10%, pero sin comprometer la apariencia. Los frutos cosechados inmaduros tuvieron un 55% más de fenoles totales, mientras que los maduros tuvieron mayores niveles de sólidos solubles y ácido ascòrbico. El color de la pulpa, la relación solidos solubles/ acidez titulable y el contenido de carotenoides totales fueron similares independiente del estado de madurez en la cosecha. Durante los días posteriores a la cosecha del "coquinho azedo" comercialmente inmaduro, ocurren cambios que los hacen similares a los cosechados maduros. Con base en las características evaluadas, la anticipación de la cosecha no comprometió la maduración de los frutos.

SECAMENTO PARCIAL DA ZONA RADICULAR NA BANANEIRA ‘GRAND NAINE’ NO SEMIÁRIDO DO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS EUGÊNIO FERREIRA COELHO1; DIONEI LIMA SANTOS2; ARIANE CASTRICINI3; JOSÉ CARLOS LOPES DE LIMA4; JOÃO BATISTA RIBEIRO DA SILVA REIS3 1Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Rua Embrapa s/n, Caixa Postal 007, CEP 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil, eugenio.coelho@embrapa.br . 2Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Conceição do Araguaia, Avenida Couto Magalhães, Nº 1649, Setor Universitário, 68540-000, Conceição do Araguaia, PA, Brasil, dionei.santos@ifpa.edu.br. 3Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Rod. MGT 122, km 155, CEP: 39525-000 – Nova Porteirinha, MG, Brasil, castriciniariane08@gmail.com, jbrsreis@epamig.br. 4Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Campus Cruz das Almas, CEP 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil, josecarlosdude@hotmail.com. 1 RESUMO A irrigação com déficit que permite a redução de até 50% do dispêndio de água é uma alternativa cuja viabilidade deve ser uma meta de alcance nas pesquisas. Portanto, este trabalho objetivou definir a viabilidade do uso do método do secamento parcial da zona radicular para a bananeira cultivar ‘Grand Naine’ nas condições edafoclimáticas do Norte de Minas Gerais. O estudo avaliou três frequências de alternância do lado irrigado da fileira de plantas somadas à condição de irrigação de um só lado, todos com redução de 50% da lâmina de irrigação calculada e com ambos os lados da fileira de plantas irrigados com 100% da lâmina calculada. Foram avaliados os indicadores de manejo de água do solo e a condutância estomática das folhas dos tratamentos, além das variáveis de produção e de qualidade de frutos. Os resultados indicaram a viabilidade do uso do secamento parcial da zona radicular para a bananeira cultivar ‘Grand Naine’ com redução da lâmina de irrigação de 50% e frequência de alternância do lado irrigado da fileira de plantas de 7 e 14 dias. A qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos não foi influenciada pelos estresses hídricos temporários do solo resultantes dos tratamentos. Palavras-chave: Musa spp., déficit hídrico, manejo da irrigação. COELHO, E. F.; SANTOS, D. L.; CASTRICINI, A.; DE LIMA, J. C. L.; REIS, J. B. R. DA S. PARTIAL ROOT-ZONE DRYING FOR BANANA ‘GRAND NAINE’ IN THE SEMI-ARID OF THE NORTHERN OF MINAS GERAIS 2 ABSTRACT The deficit irrigation allows the reduction of about 50% of the water use and is an alternative whose feasibility should be a goal for research. Thus, this work aimed to define the feasibility of using of the partial root-zone drying for banana cv Grand Naine under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Northern of Minas Gerais. The study evaluated three frequencies of irrigated-side shifting of plant row, added up to one-sided irrigation condition, all sides with reduction of 50% of the irrigation blade calculated and with both sides of the plants row irrigated with 100% of the irrigation blade calculated. Soil and water management indicators and leaf stomatal conductance of the treatments were evaluated and variables of production and post-harvest fruit quality, as well. Results indicated the feasibility of the use of partial root-zone drying for banana cv grand Naine with 50% reduction of irrigation blade and frequencies of 7 and 14 days for irrigated-side shifting of plant row. The post-harvest fruit quality was not influenced by the transient water stress provided by treatments. Keywords: Musa spp., water deficit, irrigation management.

despite the high social and economic importance of Spondias tuberosa Arruda, to the best of our knowledge there are very few detailed studies on the volatile compounds of this fruit popularly named umbu. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find the best extraction conditions by solid-phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) to determine the volatile compounds from umbu fruit pulp by gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimal conditions were obtained using 4 g of pulp and 0.2 NaCl/pulp (w/w), maintained for 10 min in incubation at 40 °C. The SPME-fiber was exposed for 20 min for extraction and then for 40 min for desorption. Thus, a total of 25 volatile compounds were detected and 16 were identified under these conditions, with 9 compounds being identified for the first time in the volatile fraction of umbu fruit pulp and two compounds were identified for the first time in the Spondias genus. The major chemical class was terpenes and esters, which together represent more than 90% of total chromatographic area. Resumo Apesar da alta importância social da Spondias tuberosa Arruda, têm sido raros os estudos sobre as substâncias voláteis de frutos do umbuzeiro conhecido como umbu. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as melhores condições de extração destas substâncias por microextração em fase-sólida no modo headspace (MEFS-HS) para caracterizar o perfil de voláteis na polpa dos frutos de umbu por cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CC-EM). As condições ótimas de extração foram obtidas usando 4 g da polpa da fruta e 0,2 NaCl/polpa (m/m), mantidos por 10 min em incubação a 40 °C. A fibra de MEFS foi exposta por 20 min para a extração dos compostos e, em seguida, por 40 min para dessorção no injetor do cromatógrafo. Nestas condições, um total de 25 substâncias voláteis foram detectadas, sendo 11 delas identificadas pela primeira vez na fração volátil de polpa de umbu e 3 compostos pela primeira vez no gênero Spondias. As principais classes químicas foram os terpenos e os ésteres, os quais, juntos, representam mais de 90 % da área cromatográfica total.

PRODUÇÃO E EFICIÊNCIA DE USO DA ÁGUA EM CULTIVARES DE BANANEIRA SOB IRRIGAÇÃO COM DÉFICIT CONTROLADO EUGÊNIO FERREIRA COELHO1; MARCELO ROCHA DOS SANTOS2; SÉRGIO LUIZ RODRIGUES DONATO2; JOÃO BATISTA RIBEIRO DA SILVA REIS3 E ARIANE CASTRICINI3 1 Pesquisador, PhD, Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, R. Embrapa, s/n – CEP: 44380-000 – Cruz das Almas, BA – Brasil, E-mail: eugenio.coelho@embrapa,br 2 Professor, Doutor, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano Campus Guanambi, Zona Rural, Distrito de Ceraíma, CEP: 46.430-000 – Guanambi, BA – Brasil, E-mail: marcelo.rocha@ifbaiano.edu.br, sergio.donato@ifbaiano.edu.br 3 Pesquisador, Doutor, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Rod. MGT 122, km 155 – CEP: 39525-000 – Nova Porteirinha, MG – Brasil, E-mail: jbrsreis@epamig.br, ariane@epamig.br 1 RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a produtividade, a eficiência de uso da água e o tamanho dos frutos de diferentes cultivares de bananeira sob irrigação com déficit controlado no norte de Minas Gerais. O experimento foi conduzido no quarto ciclo de produção de bananeiras ‘Grande Naine’, ‘Galil-18’ (FHIA-18), ‘BRS Platina’, ‘Prata-Anã’ e ‘BRS Princesa’. A irrigação com déficit controlado (RDI) de 70 e 50% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) foi realizada em um, dois ou três períodos de julho de 2016 a julho de 2017. Independentemente das cultivares, a altura da planta foi reduzida quando aplicado dois déficits de 50% da ETc, já a área foliar aumentou quando aplicados RDI em um período, RDI com 70% da ETc em dois períodos e RDI com 50% da ETc em três períodos. A RDI de até 50% da ETc em três períodos durante o ciclo da cultura não causa redução na produtividade em nenhuma cultivar avaliada, comparada à irrigação plena. A RDI com 70% da ETc em apenas um período, entre novembro e fevereiro, período chuvoso, possibilitou maior produtividade e maior eficiência de uso da água na ‘Grande Naine’, formando mesmo agrupamento com a ‘BRS Princesa’ e a ‘Prata-Anã’. Palavras-chave: Musa spp., manejo da irrigação, semiárido. COELHO, E. F.; SANTOS, M. R.; DONATO, S. L. R.; REIS, J. B. R. S.; CASTRICINI, A. PRODUCTION AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN BANANA CULTIVARS UNDER REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION 2 ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the productivity, water use efficiency and fruit size of different banana cultivars under regulated deficit irrigation in the north of Minas Gerais. The experiment was conducted in the fourth cycle of banana production ‘Great Naine’, ‘Galil-18’ (FHIA-18), ‘BRS Platinum’, ‘Prata-Anã’ and ‘BRS Princesa’. Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) of 70 and 50% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was conducted in one, two or three periods from July 2016 to July 2017. Regardless of cultivars, plant height was reduced when two 50% ETc deficits were applied, whereas leaf area increased when RDI was applied in one period, RDI with 70% ETc in two periods and RDI with 50% ETc in three periods. RDI of up to 50% of ETc in three periods during the crop cycle does not reduce yield in any evaluated cultivar compared to full irrigation. The RDI with 70% of ETc in only one period, between November and February, rainy season, enabled higher productivity and greater water use efficiency in ‘Grande Naine’, forming even grouping with ‘BRS Princesa’ and ‘Prata- Anã’. Keywords: Musa spp., irrigation management, semi-arid.

The chemical composition of volatile compounds from Spondias tuberosa fruits were investigated at four days of maturity and from two accessions. These days were characterized through the compounds’ profiles obtained by extracting volatiles using solid-phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) and analyzed by gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 27 and 22 compounds were identified from the EPAMIG-C02 and EPAMIG-C10 accessions, respectively. The main chemical class in both accessions were the esters, aldehyde, alcohols and terpenes. The study revealed a tendency to increase the ester content and decrease the aldehyde and terpene content during four days of post-harvest ripening for the two accessions. This behavior may be monitored by five key compounds such as two esters (ethyl butanoate and ethyl hexanoate) and three aldehydes (hex-2-enal, nonanal and dec-2-enal). These compounds may be used as markers for the maturity stage for the two accessions. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) accumulated 73.85% of the total variance in principal components 1 and 2 and showed that it is possible to differentiate the fruit ripening stages through these compounds.

In this study, the volatile organic compounds from Spondias tuberosa fruits of 16 accessions with different origins were extracted by solid-phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) and analyzed by gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The volatile compounds present in the fruit from the 16 accessions were identified and submitted to multivariate analysis, with the main volatile compounds identified (from a total of 25) being: ethyl butanoate, α-pinene, myrcene/ethyl caproate, limonene, ocimene isomers, linalool/nonanal and p-menth-1-en-4-ol. The major chemical classes were terpenes (about 7-72%) and esters (about 14-72%). The relative chromatographic areas of the volatile compounds were used in Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), which accumulated 67.69% of the explained variance. The compounds classified as esters and terpenes were the main compounds responsible for forming distinct groups. The PC1 and PC2 enabled distinguishing the percentage of compounds responsible for grouping in the PCA quadrants and the HCA shows the grouping of these compounds.

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different levels of irrigation on the quality parameters involved in the dried-bananas production from 3 different cultivars. The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial 3 x 3, with three genotypes of bananas (Prata-Anã, FHIA-18 and BRS Platina) produced in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais.) and three irrigation levels (50, 75 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration - ETC), with three replications. For the processing purpose, the fruits were selected at the maturity stage 6. Then they sanitized in hypochlorite of sodium solution at 100 mg L-1, peeled and dehydrated through the drying convective method with hot air, in dryer with forced air, in dryer with forced air circulation at 65ºC for 24 hours. The dried bananas were evaluated according to the following physical and chemical aspects: moisture, length, diameter, firmness, color (brightness, chroma and ºHue), soluble solids and titratable acidity, and sensory characteristics: purchase intention and acceptance. The humidity, length, diameter, firmness, color and acidity of dried bananas were influenced by the different studied irrigation levels. In the sensory evaluation, the best result regarding appearance, color, texture and flavor requirements was observed in banana processed from 'Prata-Anã' irrigated with the total level of water (100%). The dried banana processed from 'BRS Platina' was the least accepted in the sensory tests.

Resumo Na bananicultura, o uso de sacos impregnados por inseticida e a lavagem das pencas são técnicas que visam à qualidade dos frutos. Objetivou-se monitorar, por cromatografia em fase gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas, resíduo de bifentrina em bananas lavadas e não lavadas em tanques, assim como na água de lavagem dos frutos. Desde a emissão até a colheita, os cachos foram protegidos com sacos impregnados por bifentrina a 1,0 g kg-1, os quais foram retirados após a colheita, para despencamento e lavagem ou não das pencas em tanques com água, detergente e sulfato de alumínio. Os métodos Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe Method - QuEChERS e Extração Líquido – Líquido com Partição a Baixa Temperatura - ELL – PBT foram utilizados para extrair resíduo de bifentrina dos frutos no ponto de colheita e maduros, e da água, respectivamente. As porcentagens de recuperação de bifentrina foram 88,16%, 103,4% e 89,32%, na casca, na polpa e em casca + polpa, respectivamente, atendendo à legislação brasileira. No ponto de colheita, na casca e na casca + polpa dos frutos lavados, detectou-se 0,060 mg kg-1 e 0,010 mg kg-1, respectivamente. Quando não lavados, a concentração de bifentrina, na casca, foi de 0,31 mg kg-1 e de 0,16 mg kg-1, na casca + polpa. Não foi detectado resíduo de bifentrina na polpa, independente do estádio de maturação e lavagem, tampouco na água de lavagem. Em frutos maduros não lavados, foram quantificado 0,10 mg kg-1 e 0,040 mg kg1 de bifentrina na casca e em casca + polpa, respectivamente. A lavagem não elimina, mas reduz o resíduo de bifentrina na casca dos frutos no ponto de colheita e, quando maduros, somente os não lavados apresentam resíduo. Abstract In banana farming, the use of bags impregnated by insecticides and the washing of bunches are techniques that aim at maintaining the quality of fruits. This study aimed to monitor, by Gas Chromatography (GC) coupled with Mass Spectrometry (MS), bifenthrin residue in washed and unwashed bananas, as well as in the fruit washing water. From the emission until the harvest, the bunches were protected with bags impregnated with bifenthrin at 1.0 g kg-1, which were removed after harvest for fruit dropping and washing or not bunches in tanks with water, detergent and aluminum sulfate. The Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe Method - QuEChERS and liquid-liquid extraction with the low temperature partition method were used to extract bifenthrin residue from fruits at harvest point and ripe, and from water, respectively. Bifenthrin recovery percentages were 88.16%, 103.4% and 89.32% in peel, pulp and in peel + pulp, respectively, in compliance with Brazilian legislation. At the harvest point, 0.060 mg kg-1 and 0.010 mg kg-1 were detected in peel and in peel + pulp of washed fruits, respectively. When unwashed, bifenthrin concentration in peel was 0.31 mg kg-1 and 0.16 mg kg-1 in peel + pulp. No bifenthrin residue was detected in pulp, regardless of maturation stage and washing, as well as in the washing water. In mature unwashed fruits, 0.10 mg kg-1 and 0.040 mg kg-1 of bifenthrin were detected in peel and in peel + pulp, respectively. Washing does not eliminate the residues, but reduces bifenthrin residue in fruit peel at the harvest point; when ripe, only unwashed fruits showed presence of bifenthrin residue.

Red fleshed pitaya is an attractive fruit not due only to the color of its flesh and skin, but also the scaly shape of its skin. In addition to being a source of vitamins and minerals, it has high commercial value and represents an alternative for cultivation in semiarid regions. Information about the post-harvest physiology of pitaya, which interferes with its ripening, allows the adoption of preservation and quality-maintenance practices. This study examines the respiratory activity and post harvest alterations of pitaya picked in the commercially immature stage of ripeness, by comparing them with fruits picked fully ripe. Physical and chemical aspects of the fruits were evaluated in two harvests, in 2019 and 2020. Six days after harvest, there was an increase in respiratory activity and a change in color in both ripe and commercially immature fruits. Therefore, pitayas picked commercially immature in both harvests had an increase in respiratory activity post-harvest, with a change in skin color during storage; and six days after harvest, in the 2019 harvest, the fruits resembled those that ripened on the plant, without having their quality compromised. However, in the 2020 harvest, six days after harvest, the fruits picked fully ripe showed soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio, betacyanins and ascorbic acid contents similar to those measured in the commercially immature fruits. A pitaya de polpa vermelha é uma fruta atrativa, não somente pela coloração da polpa e casca, mas também pelo formato escamoso da casca. É fonte de vitaminas e minerais, tem alto valor comercial, sendo uma alternativa de cultivo para regiões semiáridas. O conhecimento sobre a fisiologia pós-colheita da pitaya, que interfere na maturação, permite a adoção de práticas de conservação e manutenção da qualidade. Objetivou-se avaliar a atividade respiratória e as modificações pós-colheita de pitaya colhida em estágio de maturação comercialmente imaturas, comparando-as com os frutos colhidos completamente maduros. Em duas safras, 2019 e 2020, foram avaliados os aspectos físicos e químicos dos frutos e verificou-se que seis dias após a colheita ocorre aumento da atividade respiratória e mudança na coloração em frutos em maturação ou comercialmente imaturos. Portanto, pitayas colhidas comercialmente imaturas nas duas safras tiveram aumento da atividade respiratória após a colheita, com mudança na coloração da casca no decorrer do armazenamento, sendo que seis dias após a colheita, na safra 2019, os frutos se assemelharam àqueles amadurecidos na planta, não prejudicando a qualidade. Porém, na safra 2020, seis dias após a colheita, frutos colhidos completamente maduros apresentaram relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável, teor de betacianinas e ácido ascórbico semelhantes aos frutos colhidos comercialmente imaturos.

Resumo A significant portion of papaya production in the state of Minas Gerais originates from irrigated crops, and irrigation management using the partial root zone drying technique (PRD) is a fundamental alternative to reduce water waste. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of ‘Tainung 1’ papaya produced under PRD in semi-arid conditions of northern state of Minas Gerais. PRD treatments were composed of reduction of the calculated irrigation water (CIW) by 50%, applied on one side of the irrigation line, with alternation of 7, 14 and 21 days or without alternation and full irrigation, applying 100 % CIW in both lateral plant rows. Each experimental plot consisted of ten plants, and from six plants, fruits were harvested for evaluations at harvest point and when ripe. At harvest point, fruits had peel color, titratable acidity, ratio, pulp size and thickness similar to those produced without water deficit. Firmness, soluble solids content, fresh mass and central cavity diameter are distinct as a function of PRD condition. When ripe, only firmness varied according to PRD treatments. The quality of ‘Tainung 1’ papaya produced by partial root zone drying in semi-arid conditions was not compromised. Resumo Importante parcela da produção de mamão de Minas Gerais origina-se de cultivos irrigados, sendo o manejo da irrigação com uso da técnica de secamento parcial radicular (SPR) uma alternativa fundamental para redução de desperdício da água. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de mamão ‘Tainung 1’ produzido sob SPR em condições semiáridas do norte Minas Gerais. Os tratamentos por SPR foram constituídos pela redução da lâmina calculada de irrigação (lci) em 50%, aplicada em um dos lados da linha de irrigação, com alternância de 7; 14 e 21 dias ou sem alternância e irrigação plena, aplicando-se 100% da lci. Cada parcela experimental foi constituída por dez plantas, sendo que das seis centrais se colheram os frutos para as avaliações no ponto de colheita e quando maduros. No ponto de colheita, os frutos têm cor da casca, acidez titulável, ratio, tamanho e espessura da polpa semelhantes àqueles produzidos sem déficit hídrico. A firmeza, o teor de sólidos solúveis, a massa fresca e o diâmetro da cavidade central são distintos em função da condição de SPR. Quando maduros, somente a firmeza varia em função dos tratamentos por SPR. A qualidade do mamão ‘Tainung 1’, produzido por secamento parcial do sistema radicular, em condições semiáridas, não foi comprometida.

The consumer market has been demanding quality plant products, without any contamination or chemical residues, restricting their use in postharvest. As a result, is necessary increase the development of research seeking more sustainable and economic alternatives. The objective was to identify the ideal concentration of eucalyptus essential oil to maintain postharvest quality of ‘Carola’ roses. At laboratory, stems of the ‘Carola’ roses were standardized at 35 cm, labeled and subjected to the following doses of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) essential oil: 0.25%; 0.5%; 0.75%; 1.0% and 1.25%. Spraying with distilled water was used as a control. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme consisting of two factors: six postharvest treatments and seven evaluation dates (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days). Four replications were used, with two flowers each. Stems fresh mass and color of the petals were analyzed daily. In addition, the visual quality was also evaluated. The total anthocyanin content in the petals was evaluated every three days at the beginning, middle and end of the experimental period. Eucalyptus essential oil in all doses tested provided better maintenance on the postharvest quality of roses: 0.25% and 0.5% (better grades), 1.0% and 1.25% (lower hue angle) and 0.25% (higher anthocyanin content). On the 5th day, the flower stems lost 16% of fresh mass, without signs of wilting and the assigned scores also indicated that the stems remained fit for commercialization until the fifth day (total vase life). In conclusion, eucalyptus essential oil at doses 0.25%, 0.50%, 1.0% and 1.25% is effective in maintaining the quality of ‘Carola’ roses for up to five days at 25 °C. Resumo O mercado consumidor vem exigindo qualidade dos produtos vegetais, sem qualquer contaminação ou resíduos químicos, restringindo o uso dos mesmos na pós-colheita. Em decorrência disso, é necessário aumentar o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que busquem alternativas, mais sustentáveis e econômicas. O objetivo foi identificar a concentração ideal de óleo essencial de eucalipto para a manutenção da qualidade pós-colheita de rosas ‘Carola’. Foram utilizadas rosas cultivar Carola, em que, no laboratório, tiveram suas hastes padronizadas em 35 cm, etiquetadas e submetidas às seguintes doses de óleo essencial de eucalipto (Eucalyptus globulus): 0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75%; 1,0% e 1,25%. Como controle foi realizado a pulverização com água destilada. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial composto por dois fatores: seis tratamentos pós-colheita e sete datas de avaliação (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 e 7 dias). Foram utilizadas quatro repetições, com duas flores cada uma. As avaliações foram realizadas diariamente, analisando-se os parâmetros de massa fresca das hastes florais e coloração das pétalas. Além disso, avaliou-se a qualidade visual, determinada de acordo com uma escala de notas. O teor de antocianinas totais nas pétalas foi avaliado a cada três dias, no início, meio e fim do período experimental. O óleo essencial de eucalipto em todas as doses testadas proporcionou melhor manutenção da qualidade pós-colheita de rosas: 0,25% e 0,5% (melhores notas), 1,0% e 1,25% (menor ângulo hue) e 0,25% (maior teor de antocianina). Ao 5° dia as hastes florais perderam 16% de massa fresca sem que houvesse sinais de murchamento e as notas atribuídas também indicaram que as hastes permaneceram aptas para a comercialização até o quinto dia (vida de vaso total). Como conclusão, o óleo essencial de eucalipto nas doses 0,25%, 0,50%, 1,0% e 1,25% é eficiente na manutenção da qualidade de rosas ‘Carola’ por até cinco dias a 25 °C.

This study aimed to evaluate respiratory activity, color changes and fresh weight variation of ‘Carola’ (red), ‘Avalanche’ (white) and ‘Avalanche Chá’ (tea) roses for seven days after harvest. Respiratory activity, coloration of petals and fresh weight loss were evaluated. Treatments were composed of three rose cultivars and seven days of evaluation, in a 3 x 7 factorial and a completely randomized design with four replicates of two flowers per plot. To determine the respiratory activity, in addition to the four replicates, an “experimental control” was used as a fifth replicate without roses. ‘Avalanche’ and ‘Avalanche Chá’ roses with petals of similar luminosity showed no browning during days after harvest, but are distinct in terms of chromaticity. ‘Carola’ rose has less shiny petals. On harvest day, the respiratory activity is elevated and reduces later until the fourth day, in which there is elevation of this parameter again coinciding with high fresh weight loss. During days after harvest, small changes in the color of petals were observed; however, the main changes were observed in respiratory activity and fresh weight loss.

Climatic uncertainties have compromised water resources, which influences irrigated agriculture. Irrigation is an important alternative to mitigate the effects of water scarcity. Partial root-zone drying (PRD) is a rational use of irrigation water. This study aimed to evaluate PRD for irrigation management of banana crop, cv BRS Princesa, under semi-arid conditions in Brazil. A field experiment was carried out with five treatments: one control (full irrigation) and four with 50 % reduction of water irrigation depth (WID) and frequencies alternating the side to be irrigated of the plant row of 0, 7, 14 and 21 days. Stomatal conductance, growth, yield and soil water status were evaluated. Results indicated that banana crop cv. BRS Princesa shows shoot physiological regulation for 50 % reduction of soil water and vapor pressure deficit between 1.92 and 2.25 kPa. Decrease in yields of treatments with WID reduction compared to full irrigation is due to the reduction of root uptake rate, which is related to vapor pressure deficit and soil water availability. Partial root-zone drying saves 50 % of irrigation water and increases water use efficiency of banana cv. BRS Princesa crop by 78 %.

No Brasil é comum a comercialização de bananas em penca, contribuindo com as perdas pós-colheita. No entanto, buquês reduzidos e dedos individuais podem ser alternativos, desde que a qualidade e a aceitação pelo consumidor não sejam comprometidas. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência da forma de apresentação (dedos e buquês) e do genótipo de banana (BRS Princesa e Grande Naine) na qualidade dos frutos e na preferência do consumidor. A qualidade de bananas Grande Naine e BRS Princesa foi avaliada durante dez dias após a colheita (dac). As três formas de apresentação, no ponto de colheita, dedos, buquê de três (b3) ou seis frutos (b6) e a aparência dos genótipos apresentados em penca, foram avaliadas por 110 consumidores de banana em relação à aceitação e à intenção de compra. Bananas BRS Princesa e Grande Naine apresentadas em b6 tiveram menor atividade respiratória a partir do sexto e do quarto dia após a colheita, respectivamente. A mesma apresentação proporcionou menor perda de massa fresca para BRS Princesa, e Grande Naine aumentou independente da forma de apresentação. Os consumidores gostaram da aparência de bananas Grande Naine e BRS Princesa em penca, indicando que comprariam tais frutos. Para os frutos pequenos, como de BRS Princesa os consumidores declararam maior intenção de compra para as formas b3 e b6. Entretanto, os consumidores comprariam bananas maiores, como são as Grande Naine, independente da forma de apresentação. A qualidade e os aspectos sensoriais são distintos em função da forma de apresentação da banana Grande Naine e BRS Princesa.Palavras-chave: Análise sensorial. Formas de apresentação. Musa sp. Pós-colheita. Qualidade.

The banana is a highly perishable fruit in which storage and transport for a long period is limited due to the lack of post-harvest technologies that aim to retard fruit ripening. In this regard, the objective of this study was to evaluate the postharvest conservation period of the ‘Prata-Anã’ clone Gorutuba banana using different concentrations of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), associated with the modified atmosphere and refrigerated storage. Banana bunches (Musa spp. AAB) ‘Prata-Anã’ Gorutuba clone were obtained from Belém farm, located in Janaúba-MG. The pieces were decomposed in bouquets of 4 fruits and submitted to 1-MCP application at concentrations of 0.0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8 and 1.0 ppm for 24 hours and stored refrigerated at room temperature to 13±1 °C. Every 5 days physical and chemical evaluations were performed. There was a delay in the ripening of fruits subjected to refrigeration and treated with 0.6 ppm of 1-MCP and increase in shelf life, due to probable inhibition of ethylene, which showed firmer fruits. Respiratory activity decreased with increasing concentration of 1-MCP. In refrigerated storage, fruits treated with 1-MCP were kept longer than 30 days. For the fruits kept at room temperature shelf life was 21 days for fruit subjected to concentrations of 0.4 to 1.0 ppm. However, the use of 1-MCP associated with the modified atmosphere under refrigeration directly influenced the postharvest conservation of bananas, allowing a longer period of commercialization.

Araticum ( Annona crassiflora ) is a native plant of the Brazilian Cerrado. Its fruits have high nutritional value and very typical aroma and taste. Notwithstanding, the crop has rapid postharvest loss and production is concentrated over a short period. Drying is a conservation alternative that can allow offseason consumption. This study evaluated the influence of different drying times of araticum pulp on its quality and consumer acceptance. Mature araticum pulps commercialized in Janauba (MG) were dehydrated in a forced-air circulation dryer at 60 °C for 0 ( in natura ), 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours. After drying, pulps were conditioned in plastic pots and analyzed for physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics. Prolonged drying altered pulp color. The product became less acid at drying times longer than 6 hours. Consumers liked the color and were undecided about the texture and taste, regardless of drying time. However, they preferred the appearance of araticum dehydrated for 6 hours compared to 10 hours. This fruit can be dried at 60 °C for 6 hours to reduce energy costs without affecting the final quality of the product. Keywords: Annona crassiflora . Conservation. Cerrado fruit. Drying.

In banana farming, the bagging of bunches with bags impregnated by pyrethroid insecticide is a practice that prevents damage to fruits caused by insect pests. The aim of this study was to monitor the presence and permanence of bifenthrin residue during the maturation of ‘Grande Naine’ banana by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer in the selective ion mode (GC-MS-SIM). Fruits were from bagged and non-bagged bunches and the extraction of bifenthrin residue from peel and pulp was performed with QuEChERS and LSE-LTP (Liquid-Solid Extraction - Low Temperature Partitioning) methods. The maturation stages were characterized as 1; 3 and 7 depending on the fruit peel color. The bifenthrin recovery percentages in banana peel and pulp obtained by QuEChERS and LSE-LTP methods are between 97% and 117%, and therefore, within the criteria of acceptability for residues of agrochemicals according to the Brazilian legislation and vary according to the matrix. The mean bifenthrin concentrations in the peel of fruits from bagged bunches were 0.34 mg kg -1, 0.29 mg kg -1 and 0.10 mg kg -1 at stage 1 (harvest point); 3 and 7, respectively. No bifenthrin residue was detected in fruit pulp at any maturation stage.

Resumo No semiárido, a viticultura vem se destacando de maneira expressiva, devido à sua capacidade de possibilitar que as plantas produzam significativamente durante todo o ano. A desidratação é uma alternativa eficiente para conservação de frutos, sendo um processo de fácil aplicação, que estende a vida de prateleira e agrega valor. Desta forma, estudar as cultivares de uvas produzidas nessa região para a produção de uvas-passas faz-se necessário, para verificar a possibilidade de se obter um produto de boa aceitação no mercado. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar as características físicas, químicas e sensoriais de uvas ‘Vitória’, ‘Niágara Branca’ e ‘Benitaka’ desidratadas, produzidas no semiárido. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Tecnologia de Processamento de Produtos de Origem Vegetal (TPOV) da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Janaúba ‒ MG. O Delineamento experimental aplicado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos (três cultivares de uvas: Vitória, Niágara Branca e Benitaka) e sete repetições (cada repetição foi composta por três cachos). As passas foram avaliadas quanto aos seguintes parâmetros: grau de umidade, rendimento, pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável e aceitação sensorial. O produto processado a partir da ‘Niágara’ apresentou maior rendimento de processamento, enquanto ‘Vitória’ apresentou maior pH. A cultivar Benitaka se destacou por apresentar um produto com menor umidade e maiores teores de sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável. Quanto aos aspectos sensoriais, as uvas-passas provenientes das cultivares Vitória e Benitaka foram aceitas pelos consumidores em todos os atributos estudados. O produto obtido pela cultivar Niágara Branca foi rejeitado pelos consumidores. Abstract In the semiarid region of Brazil, viticulture has been expressively highlighted due to its capacity to allow the plants to produce significantly throughout the year. Dehydration is an efficient alternative for fruit preservation, the process being easy to apply, extending the shelf life and aggregating value to the product. It is therefore necessary to study the grape cultivars produced in the region for the production of raisins, observing the possibility of obtaining a product acceptable on the market. Thus the objective of this work was to evaluate the physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of raisins produced from ‘Vitória’, ‘Niágara Branca’ and ‘Benitaka’ grapes in the semiarid region of Brazil. The experiment was carried out in the Technology Laboratory for the Processing of Vegetable Origin Products of the State University of Montes Claros, Campus Janaúba-MG, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments (three grape cultivars: Vitória, Benitaka and Niágara Branca) and seven replicates (each replicate composed of three bunches of grapes). The raisins were evaluated for their moisture contents, yield, pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity and sensory acceptance. The product processed from 'Niagara Branca' presented the highest processing yield, while that from 'Vitoria' showed the highest pH value. The Benitaka cultivar stood out for presenting a product with a lower moisture content, higher soluble solids content and higher titratable acidity. As for the sensory aspects, the raisins from the Vitória and Benitaka cultivars were accepted by consumers for all the attributes studied. The product obtained from the Niágara Branca cultivar was rejected by the consumers.

RESUMOO norte de Minas Gerais é grande produtor de banana ‘Prata-Anã’ irrigada, cultura altamente suscetível ao Mal-do-Panamá. O uso de genótipos resistentes é uma alternativa, mas os frutos devem apresentar características pós-colheita o mais próximo possível da ‘Prata-Anã’, para melhor aceitação pelos consumidores. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar frutos em pós-colheita, identificar a preferência e a intenção de compra de diferentes genótipos de bananeira tipo Prata. Os genótipos Prata-Anã, BRS Platina e Fhia-18. foram caracterizados no ponto de colheita (verdes) e maduros (estádio seis de maturação), por avaliações químicas, físicas e sensoriais. Quando verde, ‘BRS Platina’ apresentou maior massa fresca e tamanho que ‘Fhia-18’ e ‘Prata-Anã’. ‘Fhia-18.’ teve a tonalidade verde da casca mais intensa que a dos demais genótipos. Madura, ‘BRS Platina’ foi mais firme, mas com a mesma resistência ao despencamento que ‘Fhia-18’ e superior à ‘Prata-Anã’. ‘Fhia-18’ apresentou cor da casca com amarelo mais clara e tão brilhante quanto da ‘Prata-Anã’, mas ‘BRS Platina’ teve a tonalidade de amarelo mais intensa. Bananas ‘Fhia-18’ foram mais ácidas, ‘BRS Platina’, com menor acidez titulável, e ‘Prata-Anã’, o maior teor de sólidos solúveis. Os genótipos Prata-Anã e BRS Platina tiveram maior preferência e intenção de compra pelos consumidores, sendo as bananas ‘Prata-Anã’ em dedos e ‘BRS Platina’ e ‘Fhia-18’ em dedos, buquê e penca, as mais preferidas. Entretanto, a maioria compraria bananas ‘Prata-Anã’ em buquê e ‘BRS Platina’ e ‘Fhia-18’ em penca. Enquanto verdes, os genótipos foram semelhantes à ‘Prata-Anã’, e maiores diferenças químicas e físicas ocorreram quando maduros.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a conservação pós-colheita de mangas 'Palmer' e o desenvolvimento de fungos fitopatogênicos nos frutos, após o revestimento por fécula de mandioca, preparada com águas de cravo e de canela. Para execução do trabalho, foram utilizados cinco tratamentos: T1= testemunha (sem revestimento), T2= imersão em solução de fécula a 3%, preparada com água de cravo, por 12 horas, T3= imersão em solução de fécula a 3%, preparada com água de canela, por 12 horas, T4= imersão em solução de fécula a 3%, preparada com água destilada, T5= imersão em solução de fécula a 3%, preparada com água de canela, por 24 horas e T6= imersão em solução de fécula a 3%, preparada com água de cravo, por 24 horas. Esses frutos foram armazenados em câmara a 25 ºC, por dez dias. Foram avaliados perda de matéria fresca, firmeza, cores interna e externa, pH, sólidos solúveis, ácido ascórbico, acidez titulável e identificação de patógenos presentes nas lesões. O revestimento de mangas 'Palmer' por fécula de mandioca, preparada com águas de cravo ou de canela, não influenciou na maioria das características de pós-colheita avaliadas. Entretanto, o revestimento assim preparado reduz a percentagem de fitopatógenos durante o armazenamento, sendo o extrato de cravo mais eficiente que o extrato de canela. The objective of this study was to evaluate the postharvest conservation of 'Palmer' mangos and the development of pathogenic fungi in fruits, after cassava starch coating prepared with cloves and cinnamon water. Five treatments were used in the experiment: T1 = control (uncoated); T2 = immersion in 3% starch solution prepared with water clove for 12 hours; T3 = immersion in 3% starch solution prepared with cinnamon water for 12 hours; T4 = immersion in 3% starch solution prepared with distilled water; T5 = immersion in 3% starch solution prepared with cinnamon water and T6 = immersion in 3% starch solution prepared with clove water for 24 hour. These fruits were stored in a chamber at 25 ºC for 10 days. The following were evaluated in the experiment: loss of fresh mass, firmness, external and internal color, pH, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, and identification of pathogens present in the wounds. The coating of mangoes 'Palmer' by cassava starch prepared with clove or cinnamon water did not affect the majority of postharvest characteristics evaluated. However, the coating prepared in such manners reduces the percentage of pathogens during storage. Moreover, the clove extract was more efficient then cinnamon extracts.

Resumo O congelamento de morangos inteiros ou em polpa pode fornecer matéria-prima para sua utilização em iogurtes, recheios, coberturas, sorvetes e sucos, fora da safra. Entretanto, ainda que o consumo não seja in natura, a qualidade do produto final deve ser satisfatória. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de morangos produzidos no Semiárido de Minas Gerais, congelados inteiros e em polpa, durante o armazenamento. Frutos das cultivares Tudla, Oso Grande, Albion e Portola foram produzidos em Mocambinho, distrito de Jaíba-MG, após a colheita, foram lavados, embalados (inteiros ou polpa) a vácuo e congelados por até 180 dias. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por cultivares (c) e dias de armazenamento (d), constituindo fatorial duplo c × d, em que se utilizaram três repetições de 10 frutos por parcela ou três polpas embaladas, para as avaliações de frutos congelados inteiros e em polpa, respectivamente. A intensidade da cor vermelha dos morangos inteiros ou em polpa reduziu-se durante o armazenamento (redução de °hue); quando inteiros, ‘Tudla’, ‘Oso Grande’ e ‘Portola’ foram vermelhos mais claros que ‘Albion’, mas, em polpa, não ocorreu diferença entre ‘Tudla’ e ‘Albion’. Morangos ‘Oso Grande’ armazenados inteiros ou em polpa tiveram maior teor de sólidos solúveis em relação àqueles das demais cultivares, e ‘Portola’, o menor teor e a menor acidez titulável (quando inteiros). ‘Tudla’ apresentou frutos e polpa mais ácidos. Durante o armazenamento de morangos congelados inteiros ou em polpa, produzidos no Semiárido de Minas Gerais, ocorreram modificações nos parâmetros cor, sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável. Abstract The freezing of whole strawberries or pulp can provide raw material for the out of season use of strawberries in yogurts, fillings, toppings, ice cream and juices. However, although the consumption is not in natura, the quality of the final product should be satisfactory. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of strawberries produced in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais, Brazil, frozen either whole or in the form of pulp, during storage. Fruits of the cultivars Tudla, Oso Grande, Albion and Portola were produced in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais, and after harvesting, were washed, vacuum packed (whole or pulp) and frozen for up to 180 days. The treatments consisted of cultivars (c) and days of storage (d), constituting a double factorial c × d design, using three repetitions of 10 fruits per batch or three pulp-packs, respectively, for the frozen whole fruit assessments. The intensity of the red colour of the whole strawberries or strawberry pulp reduced during storage (reduction of hue). When whole, the cultivars 'Tudla', 'Oso Grande' and 'Portola’ were a lighter red than' Albion ', but in the form of pulp, there was no difference between 'Tudla' and 'Albion'. The 'Oso Grande' strawberries, stored whole or in pulp, showed higher soluble solids contents than those of the other cultivars, and 'Portola' showed the lowest content and also the lowest titratable acidity (when whole). The fruits and pulp of the ‘Tudla’ cultivar were more acidic. During the storage of frozen whole or pulped strawberries produced in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais, changes occurred in the colour, soluble solids and titratable acidity.

This study aimed to evaluate external characteristics and juice obtained from ‘Tahiti’ acid lime produced under nitrogen and potassium fertilization. This study had a completely randomized design with three replicates of four fruits of the two central plants, 4 x 5 factorial and four N doses (0, 25, 50 and 100 Kg ha-1 year- 1) and five K2O doses (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 Kg ha-1 year- 1), totaling 20 treatments. In the postharvest period, external characteristics (size, color and skin thickness, firmness and fresh mass) and juice (content, percentage, soluble solids, technological index, pH, titratable acidity, ratio and ascorbic acid) of fruits were evaluated. Size, skin color, soluble solids content and pH of ‘Tahiti’ acid lime juice were not affected by N and K2O fertilization. Skin thickness, juice percentage and technological index increased with the N and K2O doses applied to the soil. Juice content and fruit firmness decreased with application of K2O doses. Titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content increased with K2O doses. The different nitrogen and potassium doses influenced more the juice quality than the external characteristics of ‘Tahiti’ acid lime in the postharvest period.

The umbuzeiro is a native Brazilian semi-arid plant with great agroindustrial potential. The characterization of the fruit, as well as the development or improvement of technologies for value aggregation are fundamental for its conservation, dissemination and culinary expansion. The objective was to characterize physically and chemically fruits of umbu and to define the access with greater commercial potential. A completely randomized design was used, with 10 replications, in a total of 4 accessions of umbuzeiro. The fruits were selected prioritizing uniformity of fruit size and maturation stage. Fruit peel color was analyzed; diameter and length; mass of the fruit, the bark, the pulp and the seed; firmness of the fruit, soluble solids contents; pH; titratable acidity and solids/acidity ratio. The values of the pulp yield and the technological index were determined. Significance was verified for all variables, except for soluble solids and pH. The average value of the titratable acidity was 1.3 mg of citric acid 100 mL-1 of juice. The diameter of the fruits varied between 4.0 and 4.5 cm. Fruit mass varied from 33.00 to 43.62 g and access to EPAMIG-C06 was the heaviest. The accesses EPAMIG-C06 and EPAMIG-C18 presented the highest technological index. Based on the results, it was concluded that the accesses present potential to the pulp industry due to the size and characteristics of the fruits. The umbu accesses under study presented small variation for solubility and pH. For in natura consumption and/or processing, the access EPAMIG-C06 stands out due to attributes of commercial interest.

The coating of papayas with Cassava Starch (CS) and carboxymethyl starch (CMS) is an alternative to extend the shelf life of these fruits. This study evaluated the effect of the three different levels of CS and CMS (1, 3, and 5%) on sensory characteristics of papayas during storage. Nine selected and trained assessors evaluated 13 sensory attributes using the Multiple Comparison Test. The appearance and flavor attributes of the papayas treated with CS and CMS were compared to the control or reference sample (R - fruit without coating) using a nine-point scale, which varied from 1: less intense than R; 5: equal to R; 9: more intense than R. The samples were coded with three digit numbers and evaluated with repetition by a panel of assessors. In general, appearance was more affected by the coatings than flavor. Fruits coated with 3 and 5% of both coatings kept the green color longer than the other coating’s concentrations, and at 5% the color of the fruits was less uniform on the last evaluation day. The 3 and 5% CS coating gave greater brightness to the fruits. 5% CMS favored the presence of fungi and damaged the fruit surface at the 14th day of storage. The CS coating at 5% presented peeled surface during all experimental time. Changes in fruits’ flavor were perceived at the 12th and 14th days of storage. A less characteristic flavor and a bitter taste were noticed in the fruits coated with CS and CMS at 5% at the 12th day of storage.O revestimento de mamões por Fécula de Mandioca (FM) e carboximetilamido (CMA) é uma alternativa que visa prolongar a vida de prateleira dos frutos. Este estudo avaliou o efeito de três diferentes níveis de FM e CMA (1, 3 e 5%) nas características sensoriais de mamão papaia durante o armazenamento. Nove provadores selecionados e treinados avaliaram 13 atributos sensoriais através do teste de comparação múltipla. Os atributos de aparência e sabor dos mamões tratados com FM e CMA foram comparados com a referência (R - sem revestimento)usando escalas de nove pontos, as quais variaram de 1: menos intenso que R; 5: igual a R; 9: mais intenso que R. As amostras foram codificadas com número de três dígitos e avaliadas com repetição pelos provadores. Em geral, a aparência dos frutos foi mais afetada que o sabor pelos revestimentos utilizados. Frutos revestidos a 3 e 5% de FM e CMA apresentaram coloração verde por mais tempo, mas a 5% a cor foi menos uniforme no último dia de avaliação. Os revestimentos de FM a 3 e 5% conferiram maior brilho aos frutos. O CMA a 5% favoreceu a presença de fungos e injúrias na superfície no 14º dia de armazenamento. O revestimento de FM a 5% apresentou descascamento durante todo o período experimental. Alterações no sabor dos frutos foram percebidas aos 12º e 14º dias de armazenamento. Sabor menos característico e gosto amargo foram identificados nos frutos revestidos por FM e CMA a 5% no 12º dia de armazenamento.

Cultivation of ’Prata-Ana’ banana is an important agricultural activity in the North of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, generating jobs and income. Refrigeration and controlled atmosphere are post-harvest conservation methods that provide increased useful life and allow for transport over long distances. However, storage in these condi­tions should contribute to quality maintenance, useful life extension and loss reduction. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of refrigeration associated with controlled atmosphere in ‘Prata-Ana’ banana post-harvest conservation. Fruits were stored at 12 °C and 14 °C, and packed in sealed plastic boxes with gas injection at a concentration of 2% O 2 + 4% CO 2 , forming the controlled atmosphere. Post-harvest assessments were made every seven and five days after removal from refrigeration. Peel color was assessed by L, C, °hue, weight loss, soluble solids, titratable acidity and firmness. A completely randomized design was used with three repetitions consisting of four fruits per plot. Variation causes used in the study were tempera­tures and days of storage, as well as the interaction between these factors and Tukey’s test, in order to study significant differences. At 35 days, fruits stored at both temperatures showed the same firmness and peel color. However, there was higher weight loss and lower titratable acidity at 14 °C. Storage under controlled atmos­phere associated with refrigeration at 12 °C provided better fruit conservation, even after five days at room temperature.

The northern semiarid region of Minas Gerais is an important producer of irrigated Prata-Anã banana variety, which is highly susceptible to fusarium wilt. The organic cultivation of resistant varieties may be an phytosanitary alternative, also adding value to fruits. This study aimed to characterize banana varieties produced in organic system based on chemical and physical assessments at post-harvest. Prata-Anã, BRS Platina, Fhia-18, BRS Conquista and BRS Tropical varieties were characterized at the point of harvest (green) and mature (stage six of maturation), by chemical and physical assessments. At the point of harvest, BRS Conquista and BRS Tropical banana varieties had more intense green skin color. ‘BRS Conquista’ presented lower fresh weight, shorter length and diameter than the other varieties. BRS Platinum variety had more fruit fresh mass, length and diameter. Mature Prata-Anã, BRS Platina, Fhia-18, BRS Conquista and BRS Tropical banana varieties showed no difference in soluble solids, pH, titrable acidity and ratio; BRS Platina variety had more intense yellow skin color and lower pulp/skin ratio. Greater dropping resistance occurred in BRS Conquista variety and BRS Tropical was less resistant. Prata-Anã banana variety showed higher firmness. Banana varieties differed more by the physical characteristics (skin color, size, dropping resistance, firmness and pulp/skin ratio) in relation to chemical characteristics. RESUMO A região norte de Minas Gerais, semiárida, é importante produtora de banana ‘Prata-Anã’ irrigada, cultura altamente suscetível ao mal-do-panamá. O cultivo orgânico de variedades resistentes pode ser uma alternativa fitossanitária, além de agregar valor aos frutos. Objetivou-se caracterizar, em póscolheita, variedades de banana produzidas em sistema orgânico, com base em avaliações químicas e físicas. As variedades Prata-Anã, BRS Platina, Fhia-18, BRS Conquista e BRS Tropical foram caracterizadas no ponto de colheita (verdes) e maduras (estádio seis de maturação), por avaliações químicas e físicas. No ponto de colheita, bananas ‘BRS Conquista’ e ‘BRS Tropical’ tiveram a cor da casca verde mais intensa. A ‘BRS Conquista’ apresentou menor massa fresca, menor comprimento e diâmetro do fruto em relação às demais variedades. A ‘BRS Platina’ produziu frutos com maior massa fresca, comprimento e diâmetro. Bananas ‘Prata-Anã’, ‘BRS Platina’, ‘Fhia-18’, ‘BRS Conquista’, e ‘BRS Tropical’, maduras, não apresentaram diferença no teor de sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez titulável e ratio; a ‘BRS Platina’ obteve a casca com tonalidade amarela mais intensa e menor relação polpa/casca. Maior resistência ao despencamento ocorreu em ‘BRS Conquista’, e a ‘BRS Tropical’ foi menos resistente. A banana ‘Prata-Anã’ apresentou maior firmeza. As variedades diferiram mais pelas características físicas (cor da casca, tamanho, resistência ao despencamento, firmeza e relação polpa/casca) em relação às químicas.

A colheita e a comercialização do umbu para consumo in natura estão concentradas na área geográfica e de ocorrência natural das plantas, o Semiárido brasileiro. Nesta área, a exploração extrativista tem como uma de suas características a variabilidade dentro da espécie, gerando frutos com tamanho, sabor e coloração diferentes. Porém, o sabor peculiar do fruto, que é apreciado pela população da Região Nordeste do Brasil e de parte do estado de Minas Gerais, representa oportunidade de mercados. Esta oportunidade se ampliaria a partir de avanços científicos e tecnológico focados no reconhecimento dos componentes diferenciais de qualidade dos frutos e na sua preservação, bem como na melhoria das condições de acondicionamento e comercialização. A fisiologia do fruto; os componentes da qualidade que representam potencial para distinção comercial e alcance de mercados com perfis de consumo variado; a identificação correta do ponto de colheita; a adoção de práticas e manejo; as técnicas de colheita e pós-colheita embasadas na redução de perdas e extensão de vida útil são informações importantes para avanços na exploração racional do umbu. Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-10T00:35:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Qualidadeeposcoheitadoumbu2019.pdf: 15195208 bytes, checksum: 96105ec5f9fee27c91285b4d8465d66f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019