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4. Supply chain collaboration of Ghana's gold mining industry

Author

Arhin, Francis Kow

Abstract

The gold mining industry contributes about 41% of Ghana's export earnings, generating about 14% as tax revenue and a total of 5.5% gross domestic product (GDP). It is essential to salvage the industry's image. Employees of the industry can be laid off and made redundant because the industry's financial position is almost always affected during critical moments. This in most cases result in the holding up of suppliers' payments and operations grinding to a halt due to procurement, logistics and inventory issues. In light of this, an empirical study is being conducted with the aim of identifying the factors of supply chain collaboration in Ghana's mining industry. Mixed methods were used including a purposive sampling method which was used with survey questionnaires administered on eleven operational mining companies in Ghana. SPSS tool was used in the analysis of data. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at the mines site (company premises) in September 2019 in Ghana. The results identified some factors that affect the collaborative supply chain. These are the pricing of products and service, variable payment systems, open book, the share of company values, and consolidation of orders. Identifying these factors contribute to existing literature which makes this study unique as they have not been discovered in any of the supply chain literature in the context of gold mining. A framework in supply chain collaboration was developed, which is unique to the gold mining sector in Ghana. The result will have managerial implications to drive the gold mining industry's performance forward. Mining organisations will benefit from this study as this can be replicated in other gold mining sectors in Africa and across the globe's mining industry.

Published
2021

7. In vitro Activity of Ceftaroline Against Isolates of Gram-Positive Bacteria from Patients with Bloodstream Infections Collected as a Part of ATLAS Between 2017 and 2020

Author

Kempf,Marie, Arhin,Francis, Kuraieva,Alona, Utt,Eric, Kempf,Marie, Arhin,Francis, Kuraieva,Alona, and Utt,Eric

Abstract

Marie Kempf,1,2 Francis F Arhin,3 Alona Kuraieva,4 Eric Utt5 1Laboratory of Bacteriology, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France; 2INCIT, Inserm, CHU Angers, Univ Angers, Nantes Université, Angers, F-49000, France; 3Pfizer Inc, Kirkland, Quebec, Canada; 4Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA; 5Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USACorrespondence: Eric Utt, Pfizer Inc, Gorton, CT, 06340, USA, Tel +1 860 9174808, Email eric.a.utt@pfizer.comPurpose: To assess the in vitro activity of ceftaroline and a panel of comparator agents against isolates of Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, β-hemolytic streptococci, and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) from blood collected in Africa and Middle East (AfME), Asia Pacific (APAC), Europe, Latin America (LATAM), and North America from 2017 to 2020 as a part of the Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance (ATLAS) program.Methods: Susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration were determined using broth microdilution for all antimicrobial agents by a central reference laboratory according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines.Results: Ceftaroline showed good activity (susceptibility ≥ 89.8%, MIC90 0.008– 2 mg/L) against all Gram-positive isolates tested. All isolates of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae, and S. pyogenes were susceptible to ceftaroline (MIC90 0.008– 0.25 mg/L). Ceftaroline susceptibility for MRSA isolates was 89.8% globally (MIC90 2 mg/L). Among the comparator agents, all isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, except S. epidermis (susceptibility, 99.9%). Among other agents, daptomycin, linezolid, and tigecycline showed potent activity (susceptibility ≥ 97.9%, MIC90 0.03– 2 mg/L) against all isolates tested.Conclusion: Ceftaroline showed potent in vitro activity against global blood

Published
2024

15. Pooled analysis of single-dose oritavancin in the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens, including a large patient subset with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Corey, G. Ralph, Arhin, Francis F., Wikler, Matthew A., Sahm, Daniel F., Kreiswirth, Barry N., Mediavilla, José R., Good, Samantha, Fiset, Claude, Jiang, Hai, Moeck, Greg, Kabler, Heidi, Green, Sinikka, and O'Riordan, William

Published
2016
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17. Critical Factors of Digital Supply Chains for Organizational Performance Improvement

Author

Khan, Sharfuddin Ahmed, Kusi-Sarpong, Simonov, Gupta, Himanshu, Arhin, Francis Kow, Lawal, Jennifer Nguseer, and Hassan, Syed Mehmood

Abstract

Technological advancement is redefining supply chains (SCs) processes and soon traditional ways of managing SCs will no more be feasible and effective. Due to recent advancement in technology, digitalization has become an emerging topic among decision-makers and researchers. To cope-up with this emerging trend in customer behavior and remain competitive, organizations must move from their traditional ways of managing their SCs to digital supply chains (DSCs) for improved organizational performance. Therefore, the purpose of this article is in two folds: First, to identify critical factors of DSCs that are essential for transitioning traditional SCs to DSCs to improve organizational performance. Second, interpretive structural modeling is used to establish the relationship among critical factors and (matriced’ impacts croise´s multiplication applique´e a´un classement used to identify the driving and dependency power of the critical factors. Thus, this article identified fifteen DSC critical factors and established their direct and indirect effect on DSCs. The results show that “SC resilience”, and “proactive prevention” have the highest dependency power factors whilst “integration” and “advanced operational models” have the highest driving power factors. This article can help SC managers and decision-makers to understand the critical factors essential in adopting DSCs for improving organizational performance.

Published
2024
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33. Inhibition of transcription in Staphylococcus aureus by a primary sigma factor-binding polypeptide from phage G1

Author

Dehbi, Mohammed, Moeck, Gregory, Arhin, Francis F., Bauda, Pascale, Bergeron, Dominique, Kwan, Tony, Liu, Jing, McCarty, John, DuBow, Michael, and Pelletier, Jerry

Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus -- Genetic aspects, Staphylococcus aureus -- Research, Genetic transcription -- Research, Polypeptides -- Physiological aspects, Polypeptides -- Genetic aspects, Polypeptides -- Research, RNA polymerases -- Research, Bacteriophages -- Genetic aspects, Bacteriophages -- Research, Bacterial genetics -- Reports, Biological sciences
Abstract

The primary sigma factor of Staphylococcus aureus, [[sigma].sup.SA], regulates the transcription of many genes, including several essential genes, in this bacterium via specific recognition of exponential growth phase promoters. In this study, we report the existence of a novel staphylococcal phage G1-derived growth inhibitory polypeptide, referred to as G1ORF67, that interacts with [[sigma].sup.SA] both in vivo and in vitro and regulates its activity. Delineation of the minimal domain of [[sigma].sup.SA] that is required for its interaction with G1ORF67 as amino acids 294 to 360 near the carboxy terminus suggests that the G1 phage-encoded anti-[sigma] factor may occlude the -35 element recognition domain of [[sigma].sup.SA]. AS would be predicted by this hypothesis, the G1ORF67 polypeptide abolished both RNA polymerase core-dependent binding of [[sigma].sup.SA] to DNA and [[sigma].sup.SA]-dependent transcription in vitro. While G1ORF67 profoundly inhibits transcription when expressed in S. aureus cells in mode of action studies, our finding that G1ORF67 was unable to inhibit transcription when expressed in Escherichia coli concurs with its inability to inhibit transcription by the E. coli holoenzyme in vitro. These features demonstrate the selectivity of G1ORF67 for S. aureus RNA polymerase. We predict that G1ORF67 is one of the central polypeptides in the phage G1 strategy to appropriate host RNA polymerase and redirect it to phage reproduction.

Published
2009

35. A new class of small molecule RNA polymerase inhibitors with activity against Rifampicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Arhin, Francis, Bélanger, Odette, Ciblat, Stéphane, Dehbi, Mohammed, Delorme, Daniel, Dietrich, Evelyne, Dixit, Dilip, Lafontaine, Yanick, Lehoux, Dario, Liu, Jing, McKay, Geoffrey A., Moeck, Greg, Reddy, Ranga, Rose, Yannick, Srikumar, Ramakrishnan, Tanaka, Kelly S.E., Williams, Daniel M., Gros, Philippe, Pelletier, Jerry, Parr, Thomas R., Jr., and Far, Adel Rafai

Published
2006
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41. Effects of disruption of xylanase-encoding genes on the xylanolytic system of Streptomyces lividans

Author

Arhin, Francis F., Shareck, Francois, Kluepfel, Dieter, and Morosoli, Rolf

Subjects
Streptomyces -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Disruption of xylanase-encoding genes on the xylanolytic system of wild-type Streptomyces lividans using vectors that integrate into respective genes shows that it decreases the growth rate and xylanase activities. Disruption of xlnA did not affect xlnB and xlnC expression while xlnB and xlnC disruptions did not affect xlnA expression but affected the expressions of each other. XlnB or xlnC hydrolytic product fractions influence xlnB and xlnC expressions in the disrupted strain while the small xylo-oligosaccharides do not affect the expressions.

Published
1994

42. Cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression in Streptomyces lividans and Escherichia coli of pabB from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis NCDO 496

Author

Arhin, Francis F. and Vining, Leo C.

Subjects
Streptomyces -- Research, Escherichia coli -- Research, Nucleotide sequence -- Analysis, Cloning -- Analysis, Biological sciences
Abstract

The cloning of the gene pabB encoding the aminase activity of p-aminobenzoate (PABA) synthase in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis in pIJ41 was undertaken. These genes are usually expressed in Streptomyces lividans strains, which are inefficient in PABA biosynthesis. The 1.2 kb deletion in the region between the aph promoter and the cloning site in the PIJ41 was associated with the expression of the gene. The localization of the pabB complementing gene in the 1.9 kb segment was induced by the subcloning of the pBR322 and the expression of the cloned L. lactis DNA fragment in Escherichia Coli AB3295.

Published
1993

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