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Abstract Background Child sexual abuse is a universal social challenge and the victims of childhood sexual abuse suffer a range of short and long term psychological, social, behavioral and physical problems that vary in different cultures. The study was carried out to explore the perceived impacts of childhood sexual abuse in Pakistan, because no such study was conducted in Pakistan earlier. Methods Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the data. A snowball sampling technique was used to approach the sample of current study. The sample of the study comprised ten female survivors of childhood sexual abuse of age ranged between 18 and 22 years (M age = 20.10 years) with the education ranging from matric to BSc. Out of these participants, four were married and six were unmarried and belonged to different cities of Punjab, Pakistan. Data were collected via a semi-structured interview schedule and all interviews were verbatim transcribed. Results A rigorous iterative process of data analysis resulted in three super-ordinate themes and ten sub-ordinate themes: Experiencing Abuse (emotional trauma, and physical distress), Psycho-social Distress (low self-esteem, negative self-concept, psychological pain, social suffering, and retaliation vs. forgiveness), and Sexual Difficulties (passive role, emotionally aloof, aversion from hetero-sexuality and avoidance). Conclusion It was concluded that childhood sexual abuse is an intense experience that has short- and long-term negative impacts on the lives of female survivors and engulfs their lives as a whole. The study has implications for psychiatrists, psychologists, family counselors, social scientists, educationists, and parents.

In this paper, the MPI-based parallel library Free Molecular Dynamics (FMD) is introduced. The general structure of a typical program utilizing FMD to perform classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is described. Much of the paper is devoted to one of the advanced features of FMD: its ability to compute physical fields defined on distributed grids (a.k.a. “turies”). Each cell of a distributed grid may be shared among any number of MPI processes. Distributed grids can be used to combine MD with continuum models or to obtain macroscopic quantities, e.g. density, as functions of time and space. The library is designed to provide an easy to use interface for its users, as well as equip its developers with reusable tools required for expanding the code.

As pediatric providers we are united together with our shared dedication to the health, wellbeing and happiness of children. We have been entrusted to care for those without a voice, a commitment that transcends race, religion, and borders. The pediatric community has long been at the forefront of protecting children from their transgressors. Yet, over the past weeks more than 12,000 Palestinian children (and counting) have died in reprehensible fashion. Not by disease or famine, but rather as result of a collective punishment by the apartheid State of Israel following the Hamas attack. Israel press has reported cases of Far-right Israeli settlers celebrating the murder of Palestinian children. At the time of writing, daily dozens of children corpses continue enduring unrest, mutilation and death. The remains of children trapped under the rubble will indubitably never receive the dignity of burial. Meanwhile, anguish persists for families of children buried in their native soil as the onslaught of carpet bombing campaigns continue in the midst of an ongoing genocide.

Beny Rilianto,1,2,&ast; Bambang Tri Prasetyo,1,2,&ast; Ricky Gusanto Kurniawan,1,2,&ast; Kelvin Theandro Gotama,1 Pratiwi Raissa Windiani,1 Abrar Arham,2,3 Muhammad Kusdiansah2,3 1Neurointervention Division, National Brain Center Hospital Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Mardjono, East Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Neurosurgery Department, National Brain Center Hospital Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Mardjono, East Jakarta, Indonesia&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Beny Rilianto, Neurointervention Division, National Brain Center Hospital Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Mardjono, MT Haryono St No. Kav.11, Cawang, Kramat Jati, East Jakarta, Jakarta, 13630, Indonesia, Tel +62 21 29373377, Email beny.rilianto@gmail.comIntroduction: The anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm, the most frequent cerebral aneurysm to rupture, carries a significant clinical burden, yet the factors influencing its rupture are limited in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the clinical and morphological features associated with ruptured ACoA compared to non-AcoA aneurysms among Indonesians.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our center’s aneurysm patient registry from January 2019 to December 2022, and compared the clinical and morphological features between ruptured ACoA aneurysms and ruptured aneurysms elsewhere with univariate and multivariate analyses.Results: Of the 292 patients with 325 ruptured aneurysms, 89 were from ACoA. The mean age of patients was 54.99 years, with female preponderance in the non-ACoA group (non-ACoA: 73.31%, ACoA: 46.07%). On univariate analysis, ages ≥ 60 [ages 60– 69: OR = 0.311 (0.111– 0.869), p= 0.026; ages ≥ 70: OR = 0.215 (0.056– 0.819), p= 0.024], female gender [OR = 0.311 (0.182– 0.533), p< 0.001], and smoking [OR=2.069 (1.036– 4.057), p= 0.022] exhibited significant association with ruptured ACoA aneurysm. On multivariate analysis, only the female gender was independently associated with ruptured ACoA aneurysm (aOR 0.355 [0.436– 1.961], p=0.001).Conclusion: In our study, ruptured ACoA aneurysm was inversely associated with advanced age, female gender, presence of daughter aneurysm, and directly associated with smoking. After multivariate adjustment, the female gender showed an independent association with ruptured ACoA aneurysm.Keywords: ACoA aneurysm, ruptured, morphology, risk factor, Indonesian population

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health concern. One of the main reasons contributing to it is the inappropriate use of antibiotics. As medical students will soon be responsible for prescribing antimicrobials tomorrow, it is important to know their understanding of this issue today.Objective: This questionnaire-based study aims to judge the awareness among medical students regarding antibiotic resistance.Study type,settings& duration:A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan from November to December 2021.Methodology:This study was conducted amongfourth and final year students of MBBS. The questionnaire was shared in Google docs and disseminated to students via social media. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.Results:Most students (97.3%) were aware of antibiotic resistance and knew that skipping antibiotic doses affects the treatment outcome. Students of 5thyear (43%) were more aware that taking antibiotics will not speed up the recovery process of a sore throat or cough (p=0.002). However, students of 4thyear were more aware that antibiotics are to be used solely for bacterial infections than their counterparts in 5thyear (p

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of four different herbicides, namely Glyphosate, Paraquat, Dicamba, and S-metolachlor, in controlling post-emergence weeds in cotton fields. The experiment was conducted in Layyah, and the selected weed species included Pigweed, Canada thistle, barnyardgrass, Field bindweed, Purslane, Bermuda grass, Green amaranth, and Puncture vine. A randomized complete block design was employed, with four treatments and four replications within each treatment. One-meter quadrates were randomly placed within each replication to collect data on weed abundance. The recommended herbicide doses were applied, including 3 liters per hectare of Glyphosate, 1 liter per hectare of Paraquat, 1 liter per hectare of Dicamba, and 1.5 liters per hectare of S-metolachlor. The effectiveness of the herbicides was observed at regular intervals, noting the time taken for visible weed control and weed mortality. Data were collected for three time points to assess the herbicides' long-term efficacy. Data analysis revealed variations in the effectiveness of the herbicides on different weed species. Treatment T3 (Dicamba) consistently exhibited the highest control, while T4 (S-metolachlor) showed the lowest effectiveness. Mean weed densities across the treatments indicated significant reductions in pigweed, Canada thistle, barnyardgrass, and field bindweed. However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the treatments for purslane, Bermuda grass, green amaranth, and puncture vine. These findings provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of different herbicides in controlling post-emergence weeds in cotton fields. The results can inform farmers and agricultural professionals in selecting appropriate herbicides for effective weed management. Further research is warranted to evaluate the long-term effects and environmental considerations associated with the herbicides. The study highlights the importance of multiple data collection time points to assess the sustained effectiveness of herbicide treatments.

To know the results of the face mask detection system, one must be near a computer. This problem makes it difficult to reprimand and provide face masks to violators. One of the ways to prevent the spread of the virus is to wear a mask. This study focuses on making a face mask detection system connected to a cellular device. This study aims to make obtaining information more effortless, and monitoring officers can find out from a smartphone. As a medium of communication, we use the telegram application. Smartphone users widely use this application compared to existing messaging media applications. This study uses the YoloV4 algorithm to detect face mask and JSON to send information to the telegram application. The test consists of two stages, the first stage is to determine the accuracy of the face mask detection system and the second stage is to determine the average time required until the information is sent. The two tests performed obtained 97.57% and 0.255 seconds, respectively. The test results show that the system created can solve the existing problems. The researcher can do further research by increasing the number of datasets to increase the accuracy of face mask detection. Keywords: Face Mask Detection, JSON, Telegram Application, YoloV4 Algorithm.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah panduan aktivitas gerak berupa kalender gerak dapat digunakan sebagai panduan peserta didik untuk senantiasa melakukan aktivitas gerak selama belajar dari rumah pada masa pandemic covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey menggunakan aplikasi google form. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN 060 Raya Barat dan SDN 023 Pajagalan Kota Bandung dengan jumlah sampel pada siswa kelas 5 SDN 060 Raya Barat dan siswa kelas 1-6 SDN 023 Pajagalan Kota Bandung berjumlah 3.780 peserta didik. Analisis data menggunakan tools analisis data yaitu google data studio. Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebesar 60% peserta didik (sebanyak 2.271 peserta didik) dapat melakukan aktivitas gerak dengan memanfaatkan kalender gerak sebagai panduan melakukan aktivitas gerak selama belajar dari rumah sebagai upaya pembiasaan untuk senantiasa bergerak dimasa pandemi covid-19.

Kampus Mengajar Angkatan 1 adalah salah satu program kampus merdeka yang mewadahi mahasiswa untuk belajar mengembangkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman melalui aktivitas diluar kelas perkuliahaan, serta melibatkan mahasiswa di setiap kampus dari berbagai disiplin ilmu untuk terjun langsung membantu di satuan pendidikan Sekolah Dasar khususnya yang berada di daerah 3T dan sekolah yang memiliki akreditasi C. Tujuan dari kampus mengajar adalah membantu proses belajar mengajar yang berfokus pada peningkatan literasi, numerasi, motivasi siswa, dan pembelajaran yang menarik di sekolah dasar. Fokus kegiatan Kampus Mengajar Angkatan 1 yaitu: 1) pembelajaran di kelas, 2) membantu manajemen administrasi sekolah dan 3) membantu adaptasi teknologi untuk pembelajaran yang lebih efektif di masa terbatas dan kritis selama pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan Kampus Mengajar Angkatan 1, yaitu: 1) pembekalan peserta kampus mengajar, 2) pelepasan, 3) observasi awal di sekolah tujuan, 4) pelaksanaan program dan 5) evaluasi dan tindaklanjut. Berdasarkan nilai pretest dan posttest, maka didapatkan adanya peningkatan literasi dan numerasi siswa sebesar 12% yang dilihat dari perolehan nilai kuesioner setelah kegiatan yang berlandaskan pada indikator peningkatan literasi dan numerasi siswa. kegiatan Kampus Mengajar Angkatan 1 didesain agar mampu meningkatkan semangat belajar siswa, motivasi belajar, kemampuan soft skiil dan hard skiil mahasiswa dan mewujudkan cita-cita dari Program Merdeka Belajar yang melibatkan berbagai pihak baik dari perguruan tinggi, satuan pendidikan, pemerintah dan masyarakat untuk berkolaborasi meningkatkan mutu pendidikan untuk menciptakan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) unggul dan berdaya saing.

Abstract Colorectal cancer is a common cancer in Indonesia, yet it has been understudied in this resource-constrained setting. We conducted a genome-wide association study focused on evaluation and preliminary discovery of colorectal cancer risk factors in Indonesians. We administered detailed questionnaires and collecting blood samples from 162 colorectal cancer cases throughout Makassar, Indonesia. We also established a control set of 193 healthy individuals frequency matched by age, sex, and ethnicity. A genome-wide association analysis was performed on 84 cases and 89 controls passing quality control. We evaluated known colorectal cancer genetic variants using logistic regression and established a genome-wide polygenic risk model using a Bayesian variable selection technique. We replicate associations for rs9497673, rs6936461 and rs7758229 on chromosome 6; rs11255841 on chromosome 10; and rs4779584, rs11632715, and rs73376930 on chromosome 15. Polygenic modeling identified 10 SNP associated with colorectal cancer risk. This work helps characterize the relationship between variants in the SCL22A3, SCG5, GREM1, and STXBP5-AS1 genes and colorectal cancer in a diverse Indonesian population. With further biobanking and international research collaborations, variants specific to colorectal cancer risk in Indonesians will be identified.

ABSTRACT: A physical mechanism by which nose bluntness suppresses second-mode instability is proposed. Considered are 7 degree half-angle straight cones with nose bluntness radii of 0.15 mm, 3.556 mm, 5 mm, 9.525 mm, 12.7 mm and 25.4 mm at tunnel conditions relevant to the AFOSR-Notre Dame Large Mach 6 Quiet Tunnel. It is shown that second-mode suppression is achieved via entropy layer modulation of the basic state density gradient. A weakening of the density gradient disrupts the acoustic resonance necessary to sustain second-mode growth. These results are consistent with the thermoacoustic interpretation which posits that second-mode instability can be modeled as thermoacoustic resonance of acoustic energy trapped within an acoustic impedance well. Furthermore, the generalized inflection point criterion of Lees and Lin is applied to develop a criterion for the existence of second-mode instability based on the strength of the basic state density gradient.

Although Bochdalek hernias are uncommon in adults and difficult to diagnose, such congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDHs) are some of the most serious malformations among newborns. In particular, CDHs are accompanied by high mortality and marked disability later in life due to concomitant morbidity (i.e., caused by pulmonary lung hypoplasia and persisting pulmonary hypertension of neonates) and require long-lasting neonatal treatment in an intensive care unit. Late-diagnosed CDHs are extremely rare and always show small defects that justify a better prognosis than CDHs with large defects. In most cases, such CDHs go undiagnosed due to their mild, delayed symptoms. In the case described here, an 18-year-old Asian male presented with abdominal pain and a bowel contour in the epigastric region and left upper quadrant. A chest X-ray and thoracoabdominal computerized tomography scan confirmed the diagnosis of bowel obstruction due to a left diaphragmatic hernia. Moreover, a defect was revealed in the posterolateral left diaphragm, and the transverse colon, spleen, and half of the stomach had herniated through it. A segmentectomy was performed on the transverse colon, followed by an end-to-end anastomosis, a diaphragmatic plasty, and the placement of an intrapleural catheter. In conclusion, diagnosing a diaphragmatic hernia before surgery can be difficult due to its rarity and wide range of symptoms. Although prenatal diagnosis using ultrasonography is possible in up to 80% of fetuses, that method may not be available in all regions in Indonesia or in all countries, where doctors thus continue to face a diagnostic challenge when dealing with CDHs.

The constant issues related to the environment degradation faced by the world are thought to be reflected in the buying and consumption behavior of the consumers. The study of green consumer behavior is one of the vital present-day researches. The purpose of the present study is to explore the lifestyles of Indian consumers and their influence on the ecologically conscious behavior. For this purpose the researchers have employed the lifestyle scale along with the actual commitment subscale. The study results are based on researcher controlled student sample of 150 respondents. The data was analyzed using tools like SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0. The results suggest that аchievers and аdventuresome are significant predictors of the ecological conscious behavior.

We identify and quantify a seemingly overlook mechanism for energy transfer between adjacent frequency disturbances in the Nonlinear Parabolized Stability Equations method. Physically, this energy transfer results from the finite-bandwidth nature of actual disturbance spectrums versus the common numerical assumption of a discrete spectrum representation. Both quiet wind tunnel and flight conditions are considered and it is found that, for Mack’s second-mode instability, the mechanism is most significant in the 0.1–1% disturbance amplitude range (based on normalized pressure) and is responsible for a 15–30% increase in predicted disturbance amplitude.

A common interpretation is presented for four powerful modal decomposition techniques: “proper orthogonal decomposition,” “smooth orthogonal decomposition,” “state-variable decomposition,” and “dynamic mode decomposition.” It is shown that, in certain cases, each technique can be interpreted as an optimization problem and similarities between methods are highlighted. By interpreting each technique as an optimization problem, significant insight is gained toward the physical properties of the identified modes. This insight is strengthened by being consistent with cross-multiple decomposition techniques. To illustrate this, an inter-method comparison of synthetic hypersonic boundary layer stability data is presented.

The presence of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and histamine in foodstuffs indicate the level of deterioration in the quality of food and cause poisoning. Sie Balu is the Acehnese dried meat preserved by the addition of salt, acid and dried, but the long processing and drying it under the sun can cause microbial contamination in meat products. Irradiation can eliminate bacteria in foodstuffs. This study aimed to determine the amount of LAB and histamine levels of Sie Balu after irradiation doses of 5, 7 and 9 kGy and stored 2 to 4 months. Sie Balu was made of fresh beef 5 kg, dried in the sun to dry, vacuumed and irradiated with gamma rays. The samples for LAB determination cultured in MRS agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The number of colonies was counted using Total Plate Count. The histamine level of Sie Balu conducted by ELISA. Irradiation did not significantly (P0.05) affect the amount of LAB, but the shelf life significantly (P0.05) affected the amount of LAB in Sie Balu. Extending the shelf life up to 4 months can increase the amount of LAB. Irradiation dose and shelf life had no effect on histamine levels of Sie Balu (P0.05). This study concluded that irradiated Sie Balu cannot be stored for more than two months.

With the pandemics still an ongoing issue and the sudden shift to full distance learning, English language learning in Indonesia has been severely impacted. The current study sheds light on the current teaching practices within Academic writing Classes of Full-time online learning in Indonesian Higher Education Context during the pandemics. The aim of the study focuses on (1) the impact of the change in learning process during the pandemics in terms of EFL students' second language acquisition within academic writing environment and (2) lecturers' perception on the shift in the approaches they used to accommodate safety protocols during the pandemics (3) how lecturers cope with the technological changes made to provide a successful SLA input in a hybrid learning setting. This study was carried out through a qualitative approach with a case study design in mind. The study analyzed the current teaching process based on Westhoff's effective second language acquisition which served as the framework of the study. The study employed a qualitative approach using observation and interview as the instrument and analyzed based on Miles & Huberman's qualitative data analysis technique. The present study found that there were three approaches that the lecturers preferred, they are (1) Hybrid-led second language Acquisition, (2) Synchronous-led second language acquisition, and (3) Asynchronous-led second language acquisition. These approaches were influenced by the lecturers' views which was categorized into three namely; (1) hybrid-led which focuses both on theoretical and practical, (2) theoretical-led which leans solely on writing and reading skills, and (3) practical-led which emphasized on oral output production. The study presents a finding on how Indonesian lecturers current teaching practices during the pandemics within academic writing setting by looking into the teaching performance and how their views shape the learning process for students to learn the target language.

Colchicine, extracted from the colchicum autumnale plant, used by the ancient Greeks more than 20 centuries ago, is one of the most ancient drugs still prescribed even today. The major mechanism of action is binding to microtubules thereby interfering with mitosis and subsequent modulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. Colchicine has long been of interest in the treatment of cardiovascular disease; however, its efficacy and safety profile for specific conditions have been variably established in the literature. In the subset of pericardial diseases, colchicine has been shown to be effective in recurrent pericarditis and post-pericardiotomy syndrome (PPS). The future course of treatment and management will therefore highly depend on the results of the ongoing large randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of colchicine for the primary prevention of several postoperative complications and in the perioperative period. Also, given the positive preliminary outcomes of colchicine usage in pericardial effusions, the future therapeutical use of colchicine looks promising. Further study is needed to clarify its role in these disease states, as well as explore other its role in other cardiovascular conditions.

One of the significant characteristic material needed to consider is durability. Sulphate ion contained in soil is one of aggressive agents that could cause degradation of concrete members which led to loss of compressive strength. The current research is to elaborate the effect of activator to binder ratio on the compressive strength of the fly ash based geopolymer mortar in the sulphate environment. Two different types of geopolymer mortar were casted i. e. mortar made of 100% fly ash and mortar contained 95% fly ash + 5% slaked lime. The fly ash used in this research is classified as F fly ash from the Mpanau power plant the variation of activator to binder ratio of 0. 40; 0. 50; and 0. 60, and water/solid ratio variations of 0. 32, 0. 34 and 0. 36. The composition of sulfuric acid was by 5% of the sample volume. Geopolymers mortar compressive strength test is conducted on the immersed samples in a solution of 5% sulfuric acid with age of 0, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 84 days, respectively. The compressive strength test results showed that the highest compressive strength of geopolymers mortar (resistant to sulfuric acid attack) was geopolymers mortar made from fly ash with activator to binder ratio 0. 60, water / solid ratio 0. 32, and percentage of lime to binder 5% at the age of 84 days.

Peak particle velocity (PPV) is a critical parameter for the evaluation of the impact of blasting operations on nearby structures and buildings. Accurate estimation of the amount of PPV resulting from a blasting operation and its comparison with the allowable ranges is an integral part of blasting design. In this study, four quarry sites in Malaysia were considered, and the PPV was simulated using gene expression programming (GEP) and Monte Carlo simulation techniques. Data from 149 blasting operations were gathered, and as a result of this study, a PPV predictive model was developed using GEP to be used in the simulation. In order to ensure that all of the combinations of input variables were considered, 10,000 iterations were performed, considering the correlations among the input variables. The simulation results demonstrate that the minimum and maximum PPV amounts were 1.13 mm/s and 34.58 mm/s, respectively. Two types of sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the sensitivity of the PPV results based on the effective variables. In addition, this study proposes a method specific to the four case studies, and presents an approach which could be readily applied to similar applications with different conditions.

This research paper aims to explore a potential model for speaking through which consists of: (a) strategies of using art as a medium for learning English; (b) challenges to use art as a medium for learning English. This qualitative case study uses semi-structured interviews and observation in three schools of South Sulawesi. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis approach. The findings show that there were four strategies of using art as a medium for learning English, namely: (a) using art to learn vocabulary; (b) using art to learn grammar; (c) employing art as a medium for learning process simple writing and; (d) using art as a medium for speaking. In addition, the challenges they face include linguistic and practical challenges. The findings of this study extend the debates of learning English through art media. The implication of this study is that using art as a medium for learning English can be a model for EFL in similar contexts.