78 results on '"Argillier, O."'
Search Results
2. Inbred Line Evaluation and Breeding for Digestibility-Related Traits in Forage Maize
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Argillier, O., Mechin, V., and Barriere, Y.
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Corn -- Research ,Plant breeding -- Research ,Corn industry -- Research ,Forage -- Research ,Forage plant breeding -- Research ,Forage plants -- Research ,Agricultural industry ,Business ,Research - Abstract
Forage maize digestibility is now a major selection criterion in breeding programs, and in hybrid breeding it is useful to select at the inbred level. This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of doing preliminary selection at the inbred level for digestibility-related traits in forage maize (Zea mays L.). Maize hybrids from a factorial mating design among nine and six maize inbred lines, and the 15 parental inbred lines per se, were evaluated at silage stage at three locations (France) for 2 yr. Whole plant in vitro digestibility of dry matter and of cell walls, and plant biochemical composition traits were investigated by near infra red reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). Biomass dry matter content and productivity were also collected. In hybrid trials, general combining ability (GCA) of lines was the most important source of variation in all digestibility traits, compared with specific combining ability (SCA), GCA x environment, and SCA x environment interactions. Some plant biochemical components were associated with the biomass yield, whereas digestibility of cell walls, particularly, was found independent from biomass productivity. The efficiency of predicting the hybrid performance from midparent value, as well as the good relationship between inbred line per se and GCA values, for digestibility-related traits, and particularly cell wall digestibility, indicated the possibility for maize breeders to improve digestibility of forage maize by selecting inbred lines., FORAGE MAIZE is excellent roughage for ruminants because of its high energy content. Around 3.8 million hectares of silage maize are grown in Europe (Barriere et al., 1997), and in [...]
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- 2000
3. Caractérisation de sources de résistance à la rouille brune chez le blé dur
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Goyeau, Henriette, Berder, Julie, Lacoudre, F., Ammar, K., Loladze, A., Duchalais, L., Goudemand, E., Desmouceaux, N., Andre, C., Blanc, P., Gervais, L., Lonnet, P., Lefevre, T., ARGILLIER, O., Robert, O., Lezie, A., Poupard, B., Ollivier, A., BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Groupe Limagrain, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), R2N, Florimond Desprez, Syngenta France, Groupement d'Intérêt Economique CLUB 5, and Partenaires INRAE
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marqueurs DArT ,QTL ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Puccinia triticina ,cartographie d'association ,phénotypage de la résistance - Abstract
National audience; Une pépinière comprenant 184 variétés et lignées issues des ressources génétiques françaises, Européennes, Nord-Africaines, et CIMMYT/ICARDA a été phénotypée pour sa résistance dans des essais au champ avec inoculation contrôlée (un seul pathotype par essai) de rouille brune, dans 4 lieux en France et deux lieux au Mexique, en 2009 et 2010. De plus, ces 184 lignées et variétés ont été phénotypées pour leur résistance en serre à 9 pathotypes de rouille brune. Les gènes Lr27+31 et Lr3 sont efficaces en France, mais vu qu'ils sont déjà contournés au Mexique, il est peu probable qu'ils constituent une source de résistance durable en France. Les gènes Lr61, LrCamayo, Lr19 et Lr47 sont efficaces en France et au Mexique, et peuvent constituer des sources de résistance intéressantes. Certaines lignées ont montré un niveau très élevé de résistance dans tous les lieux, probablement du à un gène majeur de résistance non identifié. Quatre variétés françaises, ainsi que plusieurs lignées "slow rusting" du CIMMYT ont montré un niveau intéressant de résistance partielle dans tous les environnement testés. Une analyse de génétique d'association, conduite à l'aide de 1300 marqueurs DArT et 34 variables de phénotypage, a mis en évidence deux QTLs et un locus correspondant à un gène majeur : i) un QTL sur le chromosome 2B, associé à wPt-1064, wPt-6477 and wPt-0408 ii) un QTL sur le chromosome 6B, associé à wPt-8059 et wPt-7065 iii) un gène majeur sur le chromosome 7B, associé à wPt-0465, wPt- 3700 et wPt-9515, qui correspond au gène Lr14a. Ce gène est surmonté en France, mais il reste efficace au Mexique.
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- 2014
4. In search of a maize ideotype for cell wall enzymatic degradability using histological and biochemical lignin characterization
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Valérie Méchin, Argillier, O., Florian Rocher, Mila Isabelle, Brigitte Pollet, Yves Barrière, Catherine Lapierre, ProdInra, Migration, Chimie Biologique (UCB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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POLYSACCHARIDE ,NERVURE MEDIANE MARRON 3 ,[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,ACIDE P-HYDROXYCINNAMIQUE ,HISTOLOGIE ,[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2005
5. Potential and limits to unravel the genetic architecture and predict the variation of Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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Jiang, Y, primary, Zhao, Y, additional, Rodemann, B, additional, Plieske, J, additional, Kollers, S, additional, Korzun, V, additional, Ebmeyer, E, additional, Argillier, O, additional, Hinze, M, additional, Ling, J, additional, Röder, M S, additional, Ganal, M W, additional, Mette, M F, additional, and Reif, J C, additional
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- 2014
- Full Text
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6. Genetic analysis in recombinant inbred lines of early dent forage maize. I-QTL mapping for yield, earliness, starch and crude protein contents from per se value and top cross experiments
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Barrière, Yves, Gibelin, C., ARGILLIER, O., Méchin, Valérie, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,AMELIORATION DES PLANTES ,GENETIQUE VEGETALE ,HAUTEUR DE LA PLANTE ,SSR ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2001
7. Genetic analysis and QTL mapping of cell wall digestibility and lignification in silage maize
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Méchin, Valérie, Argillier, O., Guingo, E., Moreau, L., Charcosset, Alain, Barrière, Yves, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Végétale (GV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2001
8. Estimation de la digestibilité de paroi chez des tiges de lignées de maïs
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Méchin, Valérie, ARGILLIER, O., Melin-Decamp, C., ALLERIT, Simone, Barrière, Yves, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,zea mays ,maïs ,digestibilité ,méthode d'estimation ,ensilage ,valeur alimentaire ,Sciences agricoles ,Agricultural sciences - Abstract
La digestibilité de paroi joue un rôle essentiel dans la détermination de la valeur alimentaire des génotypes de maïs ensilage. Les meilleures façons d'apprécier cette digestibilité de paroi sont détaillées dans ce travail, ainsi que les relations entre ces méthodes d'estimation et la teneur en paroi. Quatre méthodes d'estimation de la digestibilité de paroi ont été comparées en analysant pendant deux années les tiges de 22 lignées de maïs (18 lignées normales et 4 lignées brown-midrib3). Deux de ces méthodes sont "directes" (dP.NDF et dP.NS : incubation de résidu NDF ou de la fraction non soluble avec des enzymes digestives) et deux sont "indirectes" (dP.mes et dP.calc : calculs faisant intervenir la teneur en NDF ou la teneur en paroi...). Ces 4 méthodes se sont avérées précises, discriminantes et très corrélées entre elles. La méthode dP.calc offre le meilleur compromis entre facilité de réalisation et discrimination des génotypes. Enfin, toutes ces approches sont négativement reliées à la teneur en paroi, ce qui pourrait en partie être attribué à des différences de maturité de paroi., Twenty-two inbred lines of maize, including 18 normal lines and 4 brown-midrib3 lines, were studied in Lusignan (France) during two years. The stalks were harvested at the silage stage, and 4 methods of cell-wall digestibility assessment in the laboratory, were compared. These included both direct methods (dP.NDF : incubation of the cell-wall residue with digestion enzymes ; dP.NS : incubation of the non-soluble fraction with digestion enzymes) and indirect methods (dP.mes : calculation of the ratio between cell-wall content of the sample and cell-wall content of the enzymatic digestion residue of the stalk sample ; dP.calc : calculation using sample cell-wall content and sample digestibility, assuming a non cell-wall digestibility of 100%). All four were highly correlated and had similar ranges of variation. The methods of cell-wall digestibility assessment were all also significantly negatively correlated to the cell-wall content, which was therefore not biased by the particular method chosen. The fact that NDF content affected NDF digestibility may reflect the influence of wall ageing on fibre degradability. Although the samples of the different genotypes were harvested at the same stage of dry matter content, the maturation stage of the walls was nevertheless not necessarily the same. The dP.NDF method was found to be the most accurate and discriminating, but not the most rapid or simplest. A good compromise between accuracy and rapidity, for routine evaluation, could be the dP.calc method.
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- 2000
9. Relationship of cell wal composition to in vitro cell wall digestibility of maize inbred line stems
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Valérie Méchin, Argillier, O., Véronique Menanteau, Yves Barrière, Mila Isabelle, Brigitte Pollet, Catherine Lapierre, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Chimie Biologique (UCB), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)
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[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2000
10. In vivo silage feeding value of early maize hybrids registered in France between 1958 and 1994
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Barrière, Yves, ARGILLIER, O., ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Published
- 1998
11. In vivo digestibility and biomass yield in normal and BM3 hybrids, made from crossing early and medium late lines of maize
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Barrière, Yves, ARGILLIER, O., Méchin, Valérie, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 1998
12. Variability of digestibility criteria in maize elite hybrids submitted for registration in the french official catalogue
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, Panel, A., Aizac, Bernard, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité expérimentale du GEVES du Magneraud
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Abstract
International audience; Since 1995, a methodological study has been conducted to determine the feasibility and accuracy of various in vitro digestibility criteria used to estimate genotypic variation in silage maize elite hybrids in the framework of French registration official trials. The study dealt with eighteen early hybrids, amongst which seven official control hybrids and eleven new hybrids submitted for French registration in 1995. Experiments were conducted at seven locations in 1995 and ten locations in 1996. The biochemical components and in vitro digestibility of whole-plant and cell-walls were predicted by near infra-red reflectance spectroscopy. Genotypic variation was significant for all criteria studied. In vitro whole-plant and cell-wall digestibility assessments and the predicted net energy value (UFL) were all notably accurate, discriminant and relevant, with some differences according to the method of assessment. Ranges observed between hybrids tested within the official French registration network were similar to those obtained with control genotypes known for their low or high digestibility values, from previous experiments. Data suggested that, in addition to the usual agronomic characteristics, digestibility or net energy value criteria should also be considered in the silage maize registration process. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.); Depuis 1995, une étude méthodologique a été entreprise dans le but d’étudier la faisabilité et la précision de différents critères liés à la digestibilité in vitro pour estimer la variabilité génotypique au sein d’hybrides élites de maïs ensilage testés dans le cadre des essais officiels pour l’inscription au catalogue français. Cette étude porte sur 18 hybrides précoces incluant sept témoins d’inscription et onze nouveaux hybrides proposés à l’inscription en France en 1995, expérimentés dans sept lieux en 1995 et dix lieux en 1996. Par spectroscopie de réflectance dans le proche infrarouge, les composants biochimiques et les digestibilité in vitro de plantes entières et de parois ont été prédits. Tous les critères étudiés étaient variables génotypiquement. Les estimations de digestibilités de plantes entières et de parois, ainsi que la prédiction de la valeur énergétique nette (UFL), étaient précises, discriminantes et pertinentes, avec quelques différences selon les méthodes utilisées. Les écarts de digestibilité et de valeur énergétique nette observés entre ces hybrides élites testés dans le réseau officiel d’inscription sont équivalents à ceux obtenus pour des génotypes témoins déjà connus pour leur faible ou forte digestibilité. L’intérêt d’introduire un critère de digestibilité ou de valeur énergétique nette, en plus des critères agronomiques habituels, pour l’inscription des variétés de maïs ensilage en France a clairement été montrée. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.)
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- 1998
13. Variabilité pour les critères de digestibilité au sein d’hybrides de maïs proposés à l’inscription au catalogue français
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, Panel, A., Aizac, Bernard, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité expérimentale du GEVES du Magneraud
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Abstract
International audience; Since 1995, a methodological study has been conducted to determine the feasibility and accuracy of various in vitro digestibility criteria used to estimate genotypic variation in silage maize elite hybrids in the framework of French registration official trials. The study dealt with eighteen early hybrids, amongst which seven official control hybrids and eleven new hybrids submitted for French registration in 1995. Experiments were conducted at seven locations in 1995 and ten locations in 1996. The biochemical components and in vitro digestibility of whole-plant and cell-walls were predicted by near infra-red reflectance spectroscopy. Genotypic variation was significant for all criteria studied. In vitro whole-plant and cell-wall digestibility assessments and the predicted net energy value (UFL) were all notably accurate, discriminant and relevant, with some differences according to the method of assessment. Ranges observed between hybrids tested within the official French registration network were similar to those obtained with control genotypes known for their low or high digestibility values, from previous experiments. Data suggested that, in addition to the usual agronomic characteristics, digestibility or net energy value criteria should also be considered in the silage maize registration process. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.); Depuis 1995, une étude méthodologique a été entreprise dans le but d’étudier la faisabilité et la précision de différents critères liés à la digestibilité in vitro pour estimer la variabilité génotypique au sein d’hybrides élites de maïs ensilage testés dans le cadre des essais officiels pour l’inscription au catalogue français. Cette étude porte sur 18 hybrides précoces incluant sept témoins d’inscription et onze nouveaux hybrides proposés à l’inscription en France en 1995, expérimentés dans sept lieux en 1995 et dix lieux en 1996. Par spectroscopie de réflectance dans le proche infrarouge, les composants biochimiques et les digestibilité in vitro de plantes entières et de parois ont été prédits. Tous les critères étudiés étaient variables génotypiquement. Les estimations de digestibilités de plantes entières et de parois, ainsi que la prédiction de la valeur énergétique nette (UFL), étaient précises, discriminantes et pertinentes, avec quelques différences selon les méthodes utilisées. Les écarts de digestibilité et de valeur énergétique nette observés entre ces hybrides élites testés dans le réseau officiel d’inscription sont équivalents à ceux obtenus pour des génotypes témoins déjà connus pour leur faible ou forte digestibilité. L’intérêt d’introduire un critère de digestibilité ou de valeur énergétique nette, en plus des critères agronomiques habituels, pour l’inscription des variétés de maïs ensilage en France a clairement été montrée. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.)
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- 1998
14. Genotypic variation for in vitro criteria and relationships with in vivo digestibility in forage maize hybrids
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, Dardenne, P., Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology - Published
- 1998
15. Le maïs ensilage de demain, un maïs spécifique pour nourrir les ruminants
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Barrière, Yves, ARGILLIER, O., Michalet-Doreau, B., Champion, M., Guingo, E., Giauffret, Catherine, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Département d'élevage et nutrition des herbivores, and Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP)
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,PROGRES GENETIQUE ,FACTEUR CLIMAT - Published
- 1997
16. Variabilité génétique, critères et stratégies de sélection des maïs ensilage précoces
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Barrière, Yves, ARGILLIER, O., Michalet-Doreau, B., Guingo, E., Giauffret, Catherine, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Station de recherches sur la nutrition des herbivores, and Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP)
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Abstract
International audience; A silage maize hybrid is now considered different from a grain maize hybrid. This paper gives data on relevant agronomic and feeding value traits suitable in a silage hybrid. It also gives data on breeding strategies and genetic variations available to maize breeders. A silage hybrid should have a good and stable biomass yield, and a grain content between 46 and 50 % according to the quantity and the quality of starch in the diet. Earliness of the plant should be adapted to the cropping area, and should be assessed from whole plant experiments. Cold tolerance should be improved to help cropping in northern areas, as well as resistance to soil fungi during the early growth of roots. A well developed rooting system is necessary to either contribute to a good lodging resistance, or to contribute to a tolerance to water deficiency and nitrogen uptake. Protein content cannot be improved in the usual way, because of a lack of genetic variation, but improvement could be made through an investigation into the genetic variation of the degradability of proteins in the rumen. Digestibility should be investigated through an enzymatic solubility predicted from a NIRS calibration, performed on whole plant samples, allowing also an estimate of the cell-wall digestibility if NDF, starch and soluble carbohydrates were simultaneously given by NIRS calibrations. When available, a criterion of ingestibility should be used. The criteria of feeding value must be relevant to animal performances. To avoid the risk of a genetic drift towards low feeding values during stalk lodging resistance breeding, both traits must be considered simultaneously. Improved feeding value of a silage maize hybrid would also emerge after further investigations into biochemical traits in cell walls, in lignins monomeric composition and linkages between lignin and structural carbohydrates. Silage maize breeders must also take into account the need for feeding cattle at low costs and in environmentally friendly ways. (© Inra/Elsevier); L’objectif de ce texte est présenter une réflexion autour des caractéristiques de valeur alimentaire et de valeur agronomique à prendre en considération pour la sélection de maïs ensilage spécifiques de cette utilisation, en prenant en compte la variabilité génétique disponible et les stratégies de sélection à employer. Un maïs ensilage doit avoir un bon niveau de productivité, mais surtout une productivité stable au travers des différentes conditions de milieux. Sa teneur en grain doit se situer entre 46% et 50% selon la quantité et la qualité de l’amidon apporté par les compléments de la ration. Sa précocité en plante entière sera adaptée à la zone de culture envisagée, et un poids important sera donné à la tolérance au froid en début et fin de végétation, sans oublier la résistance aux champignons du sol exacerbant les dégâts de froid. La résistance à la verse en végétation du maïs ensilage sera prise en compte à partir de qualités mécaniques des tiges, mais aussi à partir d’étude de la qualité de l’ancrage racinaire. L’amélioration du système racinaire devrait aussi conduire à des génotypes valorisant mieux les intrants et plus tolérants au déficit hydrique. En raison de la très faible variabilité génétique pour la teneur en protéines, l’amélioration de la valeur azotée de ce fourrage devrait être abordée au niveau de la variabilité de la dégradabilité ruminale de ces protéines. La sélection sur la valeur alimentaire comprendra une mesure de digestibilité de la plante entière, avec l’utilisation d’une solubilité enzymatique prédite en Nirs, une mesure digestibilité des parois estimée avec un critère de type IVDNSC (en français Dinag), et à terme une prédiction de l’ingestibilité. Les critères de valeur alimentaire utilisés devront être validés par des essais avec des animaux. Pour éviter des risques de dérive sur un caractère ou sur l’autre, la pression de sélection pour la résistance à la verse sera simultanée à ces mesures de valeur alimentaire. Parce que les interactions génotypes x milieux pour la digestibilité sont faibles, les estimations pourront être conduites dans un nombre limité d’environnements représentatifs. Des progrès en valeur alimentaire du maïs ensilage viendront aussi de ceux réalisés dans la compréhension de la variabilité de composition monomérique de constitution des lignines et de celle des liaisons entre lignines et glucides pariétaux. Les sélectionneurs de maïs ensilage devront aussi prendre en compte les contraintes environnementales et la nécessité de pouvoir alimenter les troupeaux au plus faible coût. À ce titre, et puisque, dans un milieu donné, c’est la valeur du génotype qui conditionne pour l’éleveur la valeur de l’ensilage, pouvoir mettre sur le marché des hybrides ayant une génétique « maïs ensilage » est une priorité pour les obtenteurs. (© Inra/Elsevier)
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- 1997
17. Relevant traits, genetic variation and breeding strategies in early silage maize
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Barrière, Yves, ARGILLIER, O., Michalet-Doreau, B., Guingo, E., Giauffret, Catherine, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Station de recherches sur la nutrition des herbivores, and Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP)
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[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Abstract
International audience; A silage maize hybrid is now considered different from a grain maize hybrid. This paper gives data on relevant agronomic and feeding value traits suitable in a silage hybrid. It also gives data on breeding strategies and genetic variations available to maize breeders. A silage hybrid should have a good and stable biomass yield, and a grain content between 46 and 50 % according to the quantity and the quality of starch in the diet. Earliness of the plant should be adapted to the cropping area, and should be assessed from whole plant experiments. Cold tolerance should be improved to help cropping in northern areas, as well as resistance to soil fungi during the early growth of roots. A well developed rooting system is necessary to either contribute to a good lodging resistance, or to contribute to a tolerance to water deficiency and nitrogen uptake. Protein content cannot be improved in the usual way, because of a lack of genetic variation, but improvement could be made through an investigation into the genetic variation of the degradability of proteins in the rumen. Digestibility should be investigated through an enzymatic solubility predicted from a NIRS calibration, performed on whole plant samples, allowing also an estimate of the cell-wall digestibility if NDF, starch and soluble carbohydrates were simultaneously given by NIRS calibrations. When available, a criterion of ingestibility should be used. The criteria of feeding value must be relevant to animal performances. To avoid the risk of a genetic drift towards low feeding values during stalk lodging resistance breeding, both traits must be considered simultaneously. Improved feeding value of a silage maize hybrid would also emerge after further investigations into biochemical traits in cell walls, in lignins monomeric composition and linkages between lignin and structural carbohydrates. Silage maize breeders must also take into account the need for feeding cattle at low costs and in environmentally friendly ways. (© Inra/Elsevier); L’objectif de ce texte est présenter une réflexion autour des caractéristiques de valeur alimentaire et de valeur agronomique à prendre en considération pour la sélection de maïs ensilage spécifiques de cette utilisation, en prenant en compte la variabilité génétique disponible et les stratégies de sélection à employer. Un maïs ensilage doit avoir un bon niveau de productivité, mais surtout une productivité stable au travers des différentes conditions de milieux. Sa teneur en grain doit se situer entre 46% et 50% selon la quantité et la qualité de l’amidon apporté par les compléments de la ration. Sa précocité en plante entière sera adaptée à la zone de culture envisagée, et un poids important sera donné à la tolérance au froid en début et fin de végétation, sans oublier la résistance aux champignons du sol exacerbant les dégâts de froid. La résistance à la verse en végétation du maïs ensilage sera prise en compte à partir de qualités mécaniques des tiges, mais aussi à partir d’étude de la qualité de l’ancrage racinaire. L’amélioration du système racinaire devrait aussi conduire à des génotypes valorisant mieux les intrants et plus tolérants au déficit hydrique. En raison de la très faible variabilité génétique pour la teneur en protéines, l’amélioration de la valeur azotée de ce fourrage devrait être abordée au niveau de la variabilité de la dégradabilité ruminale de ces protéines. La sélection sur la valeur alimentaire comprendra une mesure de digestibilité de la plante entière, avec l’utilisation d’une solubilité enzymatique prédite en Nirs, une mesure digestibilité des parois estimée avec un critère de type IVDNSC (en français Dinag), et à terme une prédiction de l’ingestibilité. Les critères de valeur alimentaire utilisés devront être validés par des essais avec des animaux. Pour éviter des risques de dérive sur un caractère ou sur l’autre, la pression de sélection pour la résistance à la verse sera simultanée à ces mesures de valeur alimentaire. Parce que les interactions génotypes x milieux pour la digestibilité sont faibles, les estimations pourront être conduites dans un nombre limité d’environnements représentatifs. Des progrès en valeur alimentaire du maïs ensilage viendront aussi de ceux réalisés dans la compréhension de la variabilité de composition monomérique de constitution des lignines et de celle des liaisons entre lignines et glucides pariétaux. Les sélectionneurs de maïs ensilage devront aussi prendre en compte les contraintes environnementales et la nécessité de pouvoir alimenter les troupeaux au plus faible coût. À ce titre, et puisque, dans un milieu donné, c’est la valeur du génotype qui conditionne pour l’éleveur la valeur de l’ensilage, pouvoir mettre sur le marché des hybrides ayant une génétique « maïs ensilage » est une priorité pour les obtenteurs. (© Inra/Elsevier)
- Published
- 1997
18. The variability of maize root architecture as a key to différences in root lodging
- Author
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Guingo, E., ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] - Published
- 1997
19. Genotype X environment interactions for digestibility traits in silage maize estimated from in vivo measurements with standard sheep
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, TRAINEAU, R., Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
- Subjects
INTERACTION ENVIRONNEMENT ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology - Published
- 1997
20. Tolerance a la verse en vegetation et caracteristiques de valeur alimentaire chez le mais fourrage
- Author
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Argillier, O., Barrière, Yves, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
- Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] - Published
- 1996
21. Ideotype mais ensilage et variabilite genetique de la valeur alimentaire
- Author
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Barrière, Yves, Argillier, O., Giauffret, Catherine, Michalet-Doreau, B., Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP), Station de recherches sur la nutrition des herbivores, and ProdInra, Migration
- Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 1996
22. Dinag, une estimation de la qualite de la partie non grain du mais ensilage sur les echantillons de plante entiere
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] - Published
- 1996
23. Genotypic variation in phenolic components of cell-walls in relation to the digestibility of maize stalks
- Author
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, Lila, M., Jeanneteau, Fabienne, Gelinet, K., Menanteau, Véronique, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
ACIDE HYDROXYCINNAMIQUE ,[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,PAROIS - Abstract
Stalks of several normal maize hybrids, displaying a broad range in cell-wall digestibility, were examined for lignin content and monomeric composition and for ester-linked and ether-linked p-coumaric and ferulic acids. Genotypic variation was found in all of these components. Changes in cell-wall digestibility were associated with several phenolic component characteristics. It was therefore difficult to attribute a clear causal effect on degradability to a single cell-wall component, and to distinguish direct from indirect effects. However, amongst normal hybrids, it seemed that the lignin content, together with the content of etherified ferulic acid, which probably acts as a bridge between lignins and hemicelluloses, had a strong influence on the inhibition of the cell-wall digestibility.; La teneur en lignine et sa composition monomérique, les teneurs en acide férulique et acide pcoumarique estérifiés et éthérifiés ont été étudiées dans les tiges de plusieurs hybrides de maïs présentant une gamme de variation importante pour la digestibilité des parois. Des différences entre les hybrides ont été mises en évidence pour tous ces caractères. Les variations de digestibilité des parois sont liées à des variations au niveau de plusieurs caractéristiques des composés phénoliques. Il est donc difficile d’expliquer par un unique caractère le niveau de dégradabilité des parois, et de distinguer les effets directs des effets indirects. Il semble cependant que la teneur en lignine et la teneur en acide férulique éthérifié, qui sert probablement de pont entre lignines et hémicelluloses, affectent négativement la digestibilité des parois.
- Published
- 1996
24. Genotypic variation for digestibility and composition traits of forage maize and their changes during the growing season
- Author
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Published
- 1996
25. Valeur alimentaire et inscription des variétés de maïs ensilage aux catalogues officiels en Europe
- Author
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Argillier, O., Barrière, Yves, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Published
- 1996
26. Relations entre verses, valeur alimentaire et productivite chez le mais fourrage
- Author
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ARGILLIER, O., ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National Agronomique Paris Grignon
- Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,INTERACTION GENOTYPE X ENVIRONNEMENT ,these - Abstract
Diplôme : Dr. Ing.
- Published
- 1995
27. Effets du génotype de maïs ensilage sur les performances zootechniques de vaches laitières
- Author
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Barrière, Yves, Emile, Jean Claude, ARGILLIER, O., Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Abstract
Genetic variation in the feeding efficiency of different maize genotypes was evaluated from experiments with dairy cows. The maize genotypes were chosen according to their variable digestibility range, determined in previous experiments with standard sheep. The variations in milk yield observed with dairy cows fed a low, respectively a high, digestible or energizing hybrid were between 1 to 2.0 kg per animal, per day. Moreover, the differences in body weight gain reached up to 300 g per day. Hybrids having similar energy values acted similarly on milk yield, but the intake could be very different when fed to dairy cows, even if no difference in intake was observed in sheep measurements. The 1.5 kg higher silage maize intake of DK265 was mostly converted into a body weight gain, and not in increasing the milk yield, probably because the milk yield potentiel of the animals was soon reached. It appeared that the hybrids which had a low predicted energy value from the sheep measurements also had a lower performance in cows. Dairy cow performances also appeared to concur with the enzymatic solubility values of the whole plant. However, only good hybrids could be distinguish from poor ones, but the variation within good, respectively poor, hybrids could not reliably be investigated with the enzymatic solubility test used. The variation in ingestibility could not be predicted. For maize breeders, the prediction of an hybrid efficiency for use in dairy cow rearing must include digestibility and ingestibility factors. Enzymatic processes could probably be used to avoid drift towards poor feeding values with hybrids bred for a higher stalk strength. The most important challenge for maize breeders will most likely be the determination of a criterium for the intake prediction. The stover digestibility and starch content can be reliably predicted through the use of NIRS (near infra-red reflectance spectroscopy) calibrations. For a stock-breeder, a pertinent choice of a maize hybrid might allow significant concentrates and money saving.; Au cours de 4 années d’expérimentation avec des vaches laitières, différents hybrides de maïs choisis pour leur valeur énergétique mesurée sur moutons standards ont été comparés en ensilage de la plante entière. Les hybrides dont la valeur énergétique estimée sur les moutons était la plus élevée permettent des productions de lait standard supérieures de 1 à 2 kg et des reprises de poids pouvant atteindre 300 g de plus par jour. Les écarts de quantités de matière sèche d’ensilage ingérées ont également atteint 1,5 kg à teneur en matière sèche et teneur en grain constantes. Si les mesures faites sur moutons, comme les mesures de solubilités enzymatiques, permettent nettement de distinguer les hybrides à bonne valeur énergétique des hybrides à faible valeur énergétique, elles ne permettent en revanche pas de classer correctement les hybrides au sein de chacun de ces deux groupes. Enfin, aucune des mesures effectuées sur moutons ou in vitro ne permet de prédire la variabilité observée pour l’ingestibilité.
- Published
- 1995
28. Statistical analysis and interpretation of line x environment interaction for biomass yield in maize
- Author
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,STRUCTURATION - Abstract
The maize line x environment interaction for biomass dry matter yield was analysed using a multilocal factorial mating design. Various models, such as joint regression, biadditive model, factorial regression and structuring, were performed in order to partition and explain the interaction. Except for the joint regression model, which oversimplified the interaction pattern, all the models were effective in accounting for the line x environment interaction. Biological connections have been established between these models. The biological interpretation, using additional information, shows that the line x environment interaction for biomass yield in maize could to a large extent be due to earliness effects and yield-limiting factors, such as lodging susceptibility and water stress. The consequences of interaction modelling in plant breeding are discussed.; Les interactions lignée x environnement pour le rendement en biomasse chez le maïs ont été étudiées à partir d’un plan factoriel multilocal. Différents modèles, comme la régression conjointe, la modélisation biadditive, la régression factorielle et la structuration, ont été utilisés dans le but de décomposer et d’expliquer ces interactions. En dehors de la régression conjointe, trop simplificatrice, les autres modèles sont tous efficaces pour rendre compte de l’interaction. Certaines connexions biologiques ont pu être mises en évidence entre les modèles. L’interprétation biologique, grâce surtout à la connaissance d’informations supplémentaires sur les milieux et lignées, montre que la plus grande part de l’interaction lignée x environnement pour le rendement en biomasse chez le maïs est due à des effets précocité et à des facteurs limitants du rendement, comme la sensibilité à la verse et le manque d’eau. Les conséquences en sélection sont aussi discutées.
- Published
- 1994
29. Analyse statistique et interprétation des interactions lignée x environnement pour le rendement en biomasse chez le maïs
- Author
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,STRUCTURATION - Abstract
The maize line x environment interaction for biomass dry matter yield was analysed using a multilocal factorial mating design. Various models, such as joint regression, biadditive model, factorial regression and structuring, were performed in order to partition and explain the interaction. Except for the joint regression model, which oversimplified the interaction pattern, all the models were effective in accounting for the line x environment interaction. Biological connections have been established between these models. The biological interpretation, using additional information, shows that the line x environment interaction for biomass yield in maize could to a large extent be due to earliness effects and yield-limiting factors, such as lodging susceptibility and water stress. The consequences of interaction modelling in plant breeding are discussed.; Les interactions lignée x environnement pour le rendement en biomasse chez le maïs ont été étudiées à partir d’un plan factoriel multilocal. Différents modèles, comme la régression conjointe, la modélisation biadditive, la régression factorielle et la structuration, ont été utilisés dans le but de décomposer et d’expliquer ces interactions. En dehors de la régression conjointe, trop simplificatrice, les autres modèles sont tous efficaces pour rendre compte de l’interaction. Certaines connexions biologiques ont pu être mises en évidence entre les modèles. L’interprétation biologique, grâce surtout à la connaissance d’informations supplémentaires sur les milieux et lignées, montre que la plus grande part de l’interaction lignée x environnement pour le rendement en biomasse chez le maïs est due à des effets précocité et à des facteurs limitants du rendement, comme la sensibilité à la verse et le manque d’eau. Les conséquences en sélection sont aussi discutées.
- Published
- 1994
30. Relationships between biomass yield, grain production, lodging susceptibility and feeding value in silage maize
- Author
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ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Published
- 1994
31. Breeding silage maize with brown-midrib genes. Feeding value and biochemical characteristics
- Author
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Barrière, Yves, ARGILLIER, O., Chabbert, Brigitte, Tollier, M.T., Monties, Bernard, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
ACIDE HYDROXYCINNAMIQUE ,[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,SYRINGYL ,THIOACIPOLYSE - Abstract
International audience; The effects of the maize brown-midrib genes bm3 and bm1 on feeding value and agronomic traits were investigated by animal studies and biochemical approaches. When sheep were fed bm3 silage, an increase in digestibility was observed, equal to 2.4 points for digestibility of organic matter (DOM), and 8.1 points for digestibility of crude fiber (DCF). Phenotypic variation was reduced for all observed traits of bm3 hybrids. This allowed the assumption that the bm3 gene acted by levelling to a similar value of almost 74% DOM, quite independently of the original value of the normal counterpart. The bm1 hybrids were intermediate between normal and bm3 ones for DOM, DCF and intake, but the dry matter yield was not reduced for bm1 hybrids. From experiments with young bulls, feed efficiency of INRA260 bm1 was not significantly improved, compared with normal INRA260, but INRA260 bm3 was a lot more efficient. Despite its lower adverse effect on agronomic characteristics of hybrids, the bm1 allele did not appear to be of any interest in improving the silage maize feed efficiency. Variations for lignin content due to the bm3 gene was similar for the 3 hybrids studied, despite their variation for susceptibility to root and stalk lodging. Ratios and content of alkali-labile hydroxycinnamic acids behaved similarly for the 3 hybrids, with a low yield of para-coumaric acid. Structural studies of lignin, after thioacidolysis, strengthened the results previously obtained, with a clear decrease of syringyl units, and the occurrence of the 5-hydroxyguaiacyl residue. The lignin of bm3 genotypes also appeared as a more condensed polymer than that of the normal types. The decrease of lignin content was observed in only 1 bm1 hybrid and appeared the same between normal and bm1 hybrids as between normal and bm3 hybrids. The lower yield of para-coumaric acid, and the equal yield of ferulic acid after alkaline hydrolysis of bm1 material were in good agreement with previous work. After thioacidolysis, the release of monomeric syringyl units was similar between bm1 and bm3, about 30% of the normal counterpart. However, it was very different for guaiacyl units, with a large decrease of the release of these units from the bm1 hybrid. The ratio between syringyl and guaiacyl units was about 0.3 for bm3 hybrids and about 1.3 for the bm1 hybrid. The lignin of this bm1 hybrid appeared as a very condensed polymer compared with the normal type. A large variation for digestibility was also found among normal hybrids. However, inbred lines inducing high digestibility often included unfavorable agronomic traits, such as poor yield, susceptibility to lodging or stalk rot. Second or third cycle lines following pedigree breeding might combine all traits, even if stalk standability and stalk digestibility are partly antagonistic. This method may be considered as easier than the bm3 method, but at present, the 2 ways are probably complementary, and worth investigating for improving silage digestibility, and simultaneously increasing knowledge on silage maize digestibility.; Les effets des gènes brown-midrib bm1 et bm3 sur la valeur alimentaire et les caractéristiques agronomiques d’hybrides de maïs ont été étudiés à partir d’essais sur animaux et de mesures de composition biochimique de la lignine. Sur moutons, les hybrides bm3 conduisent à une amélioration moyenne de la digestibilité de la matière organique (DOM) voisine de 2,4 et de celle de la cellulose brute (DCF) voisine de 8,1 points. La variabilité phénotypique est nettement réduite entre hybrides bm3, comparée à celle observée pour les quasi isogéniques normaux, pour la quasi-totalité des caractères étudiés. En particulier, il semble que la présence du gène bm3 conduise à augmenter la DOM des hybrides à une valeur proche de 74%, quel que soit le niveau de digestibilité de l’hybride normal de départ. Les hybrides bm1 se situent de façon intermédiaire entre les formes normales et bm3, sauf pour la productivité en biomasse qui est équivalente à celle des normaux. Mais des essais de croissance comparée de taurillons nourris avec des ensilages de maïs INRA260, INRA260 bm1 et INRA260 bm3 montrent que la forme bm1 ne permet pas, contrairement à la forme bm3, une amélioration notable des performances animales. La réduction de teneur en lignine a été semblable pour les 3 hybrides bm3 étudiés, alors que ces hybrides présentaient des différences importantes de sensibilité à la verse ou à la casse. Les teneurs et rapports entre acides hydroxycinnamiques libérés après hydrolyse alcaline étaient semblables chez les 3 hybrides, avec une libération faible d’acide para-coumarique caractéristique des génotypes bm3. La thioacydolyse confirme que la lignine des plantes bm3 est plus pauvre en unités syringyl, avec, de plus, la présence d’une unité 5-hydroxyguaiacyl. La lignine des plantes bm3 est un polymère plus condensé que la lignine des plantes normales. Observée à partir d’un seul hybride bm1, la diminution de la teneur en lignine a été semblable chez les plantes bm1 et bm3. Après thioacidolyse, la libération d’unités syringyl était équivalente entre bm1 et bm3. Mais la libération d’unité guaiacyl était beaucoup plus faible pour la lignine des plantes bm 1, avec des rapports syringyl/guaiacyl voisins de 0,3 pour les bm3 et de 1,3 pour les bm1. La lignine des plantes bm1 est également un polymère hautement condensé. Une variabilité importante pour la DOM et la DCF existe aussi entre hybrides normaux. Toutefois, les hybrides les plus digestibles présentent en général des défauts agronomiques importants, qu’il sera sans doute possible de corriger au niveau de lignées de second ou troisième cycle. Actuellement, on peut considérer que les voies normales et bm3 sont deux approches complémentaires de l’amélioration et de la compréhension de la digestibilité du maïs ensilage.
- Published
- 1994
32. Aspects pathologiques, physiologiques et genetiques des pourritures de tiges du mais et proprietes mecaniques des tiges en relation avec la verse a maturite
- Author
-
ARGILLIER, O., Barrière, Yves, ProdInra, Migration, Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] - Published
- 1993
33. Brown-midrib genes of maize : a review
- Author
-
Barrière, Yves, ARGILLIER, O., Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences - Abstract
The efficiency of forage for ruminant animals primarily depends on cell-wall constituent content, mostly cellulose and hemicellulose, and on their digestibility, mostly reduced by lignin incrustration. Four brown-midrib genes (bm1, bm2, bm3 and bm4) have been described in maize. Brown-midrib plants were described as having a lower lignin content than normal genotypes; the ratios of hydroxycinnamic acids released after alkaline hydrolysis, and the ratios between monomeric units released after alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation or thioacidolysis also differed in normal and brown-midrib plants. The bm3 gene, allowing an important decrease of lignin content, and a better improvement in plant digestibility, was also the most studied. When cattle were fed bm3 plants, intake and digestibility were higher compared to normal isogenic ones, and the rate of digestion was also higher. However, the agronomical value of the brown-midrib genotypes was distinctively lower than that of their normal isogenic counterparts and this was particularly notable on the bm3 gene. This observation also appeared to be genotype-specific, suggesting the possibility of producing brown-midrib genotypes that are practically as good as the normal ones, but only when using well-adapted breeding methods, with normal lines of a very high agronomical value.; L’utilisation des fourrages par les ruminants dépend essentiellement de la teneur en constituants pariétaux, principalement cellulose et hémicelluloses, et de leur digestibilité, réduite particulièrement par la présence de lignines dans ces parois. Quatre gènes brown-midrib (bm1, bm2, bm3, bm4) ont été mis en évidence chez le maïs. Les plantes brown midrib diffèrent des maïs normaux, particulièrement par une teneur réduite en lignines, par des rapports modifiés, entre les acides hydroxycinnamiques libérés après hydrolyse alcaline des lignines, et par des rapports également modifés entre les unités monomériques libérées après oxydation alcaline au nitrobenzène ou thioacidolyse de cette lignine. Le gène bm3, qui conduit à une forte réduction de teneur en lignines et surtout, résultat obtenu dès les premières mesures de digestibilité in vitro, à la plus importante augmentation de digestibilité, a fait l’objet du plus grand nombre d’études. Cela a permis de confirmer que les génotyes bm3 étaient mieux ingérés par les ruminants, avaient, in vivo, une meilleure digestibilité, avec une vitesse de digestion plus élevée. En revanche, la valeur agronomique des maïs brown-midrib est plus faible que celle des maïs normaux, particulièrement en ce qui concerne le gène bm3. Cependant la variabilité génétique mise en évidence pour des caractères agronomiques suggère qu’il doit être possible d’obtenir des génotypes bm3 pratiquement du niveau des génotypes normaux, à condition d’employer des méthodes de sélection adaptées, et en n’introgressant que les lignées normales de très bon niveau agronomique.
- Published
- 1993
34. Potential and limits to unravel the genetic architecture and predict the variation of Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
- Author
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Jiang, Y., Zhao, Y., Rodemann, B., Plieske, J., Rollers, S., Korzun, V., Ebmeyer, E., Argillier, O., Hinze, M., Ling, J., Roder, M. S., Ganal, M. W., Mette, M. F., and Reif, J. C.
- Subjects
GENE mapping ,GENOMES ,FUSARIUM diseases of plants ,WHEAT diseases & pests ,SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms ,PLANT genetics - Abstract
Genome-wide mapping approaches in diverse populations are powerful tools to unravel the genetic architecture of complex traits. The main goals of our study were to investigate the potential and limits to unravel the genetic architecture and to identify the factors determining the accuracy of prediction of the genotypic variation of Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) based on data collected with a diverse panel of 372 European varieties. The wheat lines were phenotyped in multi-location field trials for FHB resistance and genotyped with 782 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and 9k and 90k single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. We applied genome-wide association mapping in combination with fivefold crossvalidations and observed surprisingly high accuracies of prediction for marker-assisted selection based on the detected quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Using a random sample of markers not selected for marker-trait associations revealed only a slight decrease in prediction accuracy compared with marker-based selection exploiting the QTL information. The same picture was confirmed in a simulation study, suggesting that relatedness is a main driver of the accuracy of prediction in marker-assisted selection of FHB resistance. When the accuracy of prediction of three genomic selection models was contrasted for the three marker data sets, no significant differences in accuracies among marker platforms and genomic selection models were observed. Marker density impacted the accuracy of prediction only marginally. Consequently, genomic selection of FHB resistance can be implemented most cost-efficiently based on low- to medium-density SNP arrays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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35. Effets du génotype de maïs ensilage sur les performances zootechniques de vaches laitières
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BARRIERE, Y., primary, EMILE, J.C., additional, ARGILLIER, O., additional, and HEBERT, Y., additional
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- 1995
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36. Biological variability in lignification of maize: Expression of the brown midrib bm2 mutation
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Chabbert, B, primary, Tollier, M T, additional, Monties, B, additional, Barrière, Y, additional, and Argillier, O, additional
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- 1994
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37. Genotype × environment interactions for digestibility traits in silage maize estimated from <em>in vivo</em> measurements with standard sheep.
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Argillier, O., Barrière, Y., Traineau, R., Emile, J. C., and Hébert, Y.
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- *
CORN , *SILAGE , *GENOTYPE-environment interaction , *GENETIC research , *FORAGE plants ,MICROPROPAGATION of corn - Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the genotype × environment interaction for in vivo digestibility of organic matter and of crude fibre in silage maize evaluated with standard sheep experiments. In order to test the genotype × year interaction, the first experiment consisted of taking data subsets out of a 26-year experiment and evaluating in Vitro digestibility traits at Lusignan (France) on numerous maize genotypes. In order to test the genotype × location interaction, the second experiment was a specific one whereby five hybrids were cropped in diverse locations and then evaluated from experiments with sheep, at Lusignan The variation attributed to genotype x environment (either a year or a location) interaction for in vivo digestibility traits was distinctly lower than the variation due to the main genotypic effect. Therefore, the in vitro digestibility of organic matter and of crude fibre in maize genotypes could be accurately assessed from silages cropped in a simple experimental design, which included replicates, but only a small number of years or locations. This also confirmed the results obtained with in vitro digestibility traits from large multi-environmental designs which highlighted the low importance of genotype × environment interactions and contributed to the validation of in vitro criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1997
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38. Relevant traits, genetic variation and breeding strategies in early silage maize
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Barri?re, Y., Argillier, O., Michalet-Doreau, B., H?bert, Y., Guingo, E., Giauffret, C., and ?mile, J.
- Abstract
A silage maize hybrid is now considered different from a grain maize hybrid. This paper gives data on relevant agronomic and feeding value traits suitable in a silage hybrid. It also gives data on breeding strategies and genetic variations available to maize breeders. A silage hybrid should have a good and stable biomass yield, and a grain content between 46 and 50 % according to the quantity and the quality of starch in the diet. Earliness of the plant should be adapted to the cropping area, and should be assessed from whole plant experiments. Cold tolerance should be improved to help cropping in northern areas, as well as resistance to soil fungi during the early growth of roots. A well-developed rooting system is necessary to either contribute to a good lodging resistance, or to contribute to a tolerance to water deficiency and nitrogen uptake. Protein content cannot be improved in the usual way, because of a lack of genetic variation, but improvement could be made through an investigation into the genetic variation of the degradability of proteins in the rumen. Digestibility should be investigated through an enzymatic solubility predicted from a NIRS calibration, performed on whole plant samples, allowing also an estimate of the cell-wall digestibility if NDF, starch and soluble carbohydrates were simultaneously given by NIRS calibrations. When available, a criterion of ingestibility should be used. The criteria of feeding value must be relevant to animal performances. To avoid the risk of a genetic drift towards low feeding values during stalk lodging resistance breeding, both traits must be considered simultaneously. Improved feeding value of a silage maize hybrid would also emerge after further investigations into biochemical traits in cell walls, in lignins monomeric composition and linkages between lignin and structural carbohydrates. Silage maize breeders must also take into account the need for feeding cattle at low costs and in environmentally friendly ways. (? Inra/Elsevier) Variabilit? g?n?tique, crit?res et strat?gies de s?lection des ma?s ensilage pr?coces. L'objectif de ce texte est pr?senter une r?flexion autour des caract?ristiques de valeur alimentaire et de valeur agronomique ? prendre en consid?ration pour la s?lection de ma?s ensilage sp?cifiques de cette utilisation, en prenant en compte la variabilit? g?n?tique disponible et les strat?gies de s?lection ? employer. Un ma?s ensilage doit avoir un bon niveau de productivit?, mais surtout une productivit? stable au travers des diff?rentes conditions de milieux. Sa teneur en grain doit se situer entre 46% and 50% selon la quantit? et la qualit? de l'amidon apport? par les compl?ments de la ration. Sa pr?cocit? en plante enti?re sera adapt?e ? la zone de culture envisag?e, et un poids important sera donn? ? la tol?rance au froid en d?but et fin de v?g?tation, sans oublier la r?sistance aux champignons du sol exacerbant les d?g?ts de froid. La r?sistance ? la verse en v?g?tation du ma?s ensilage sera prise en compte ? partir de qualit?s m?caniques des tiges, mais aussi ? partir d'?tude de la qualit? de l'ancrage racinaire. L'am?lioration du syst?me racinaire devrait aussi conduire ? des g?notypes valorisant mieux les intrants et plus tol?rants au d?ficit hydrique. En raison de la tr?s faible variabilit? g?n?tique pour la teneur en prot?ines, l'am?lioration de la valeur azot?e de ce fourrage devrait ?tre abord?e au niveau de la variabilit? de la d?gradabilit? ruminale de ces prot?ines. La s?lection sur la valeur alimentaire comprendra une mesure de digestibilit? de la plante enti?re, avec l'utilisation d'une solubilit? enzymatique pr?dite en Nirs, une mesure digestibilit? des parois estim?e avec un crit?re de type IVDNSC (en fran?ais Dinag), et ? terme une pr?diction de l'ingestibilit?. Les crit?res de valeur alimentaire utilis?s devront ?tre valid?s par des essais avec des animaux. Pour ?viter des risques de d?rive sur un caract?re ou sur l'autre, la pression de s?lection pour la r?sistance ? la verse sera simultan?e ? ces mesures de valeur alimentaire. Parce que les interactions g?notypes x milieux pour la digestibilit? sont faibles, les estimations pourront ?tre conduites dans un nombre limit? d'environnements repr?sentatifs. Des progr?s en valeur alimentaire du ma?s ensilage viendront aussi de ceux r?alis?s dans la compr?hension de la variabilit? de composition monom?rique de constitution des lignines et de celle des liaisons entre lignines et glucides pari?taux. Les s?lectionneurs de ma?s ensilage devront aussi prendre en compte les contraintes environnementales et la n?cessit? de pouvoir alimenter les troupeaux au plus faible co?t. ? ce titre, et puisque, dans un milieu donn?, c'est la valeur du g?notype qui conditionne pour l'?leveur la valeur de l'ensilage, pouvoir mettre sur le march? des hybrides ayant une g?n?tique ? ma?s ensilage ? est une priorit? pour les obtenteurs. (? Inra/Elsevier)
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- 1997
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39. Breeding silage maize with brown-midrib genes. Feeding value and biochemical characteristics
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Barri?re, Y., Argillier, O., Chabbert, B., Tollier, MT, and Monties, B.
- Abstract
The effects of the maize brown-midrib genes bm3 and bm1 on feeding value and agronomic traits were investigated by animal studies and biochemical approaches. When sheep were fed bm3 silage, an increase in digestibility was observed, equal to 2.4 points for digestibility of organic matter (DOM), and 8.1 points for digestibility of crude fiber (DCF). Phenotypic variation was reduced for all observed traits of bm3 hybrids. This allowed the assumption that the bm3 gene acted by levelling to a similar value of almost 74% DOM, quite independently of the original value of the normal counterpart. The bm1 hybrids were intermediate between normal and bm3 ones for DOM, DCF and intake, but the dry matter yield was not reduced for bm1 hybrids. From experiments with young bulls, feed efficiency of INRA260 bm1 was not significantly improved, compared with normal INRA260, but INRA260 bm3 was a lot more efficient. Despite its lower adverse effect on agronomic characteristics of hybrids, the bm1 allele did not appear to be of any interest in improving the silage maize feed efficiency. Variations for lignin content due to the bm3 gene was similar for the 3 hybrids studied, despite their variation for susceptibility to root and stalk lodging. Ratios and content of alkali-labile hydroxycinnamic acids behaved similarly for the 3 hybrids, with a low yield of para-coumaric acid. Structural studies of lignin, after thioacidolysis, strengthened the results previously obtained, with a clear decrease of syringyl units, and the occurrence of the 5-hydroxyguaiacyl residue. The lignin of bm3 genotypes also appeared as a more condensed polymer than that of the normal types. The decrease of lignin content was observed in only 1 bm1 hybrid and appeared the same between normal and bm1 hybrids as between normal and bm3 hybrids. The lower yield of para-coumaric acid, and the equal yield of ferulic acid after alkaline hydrolysis of bm1 material were in good agreement with previous work. After thioacidolysis, the release of monomeric syringyl units was similar between bm1 and bm3, about 30% of the normal counterpart. However, it was very different for guaiacyl units, with a large decrease of the release of these units from the bm1 hybrid. The ratio between syringyl and guaiacyl units was about 0.3 for bm3 hybrids and about 1.3 for the bm1 hybrid. The lignin of this bm1 hybrid appeared as a very condensed polymer compared with the normal type. A large variation for digestibility was also found among normal hybrids. However, inbred lines inducing high digestibility often included unfavorable agronomic traits, such as poor yield, susceptibility to lodging or stalk rot. Second or third cycle lines following pedigree breeding might combine all traits, even if stalk standability and stalk digestibility are partly antagonistic. This method may be considered as easier than the bm3 method, but at present, the 2 ways are probably complementary, and worth investigating for improving silage digestibility, and simultaneously increasing knowledge on silage maize digestibility. Utilisation des g?nes brown-midrib pour la s?lection du ma?s ensilage. Variabilit? pour la valeur alimentaire et les caract?ristiques biochimiques. Les effets des g?nes brown-midrib bm1 et bm3 sur la valeur alimentaire et les caract?ristiques agronomiques d'hybrides de ma?s ont ?t? ?tudi?s ? partir d'essais sur animaux et de mesures de composition biochimique de la lignine. Sur moutons, les hybrides bm3 conduisent ? une am?lioration moyenne de la digestibilit? de la mati?re organique (DOM) voisine de 2,4 et de celle de la cellulose brute (DCF) voisine de 8,1 points. La variabilit? ph?notypique est nettement r?duite entre hybrides bm3, compar?e ? celle observ?e pour les quasi isog?niques normaux, pour la quasi-totalit? des caract?res ?tudi?s. En particulier, il semble que la pr?sence du g?ne bm3 conduise ? augmenter la DOM des hybrides ? une valeur proche de 74%, quel que soit le niveau de digestibilit? de l'hybride normal de d?part. Les hybrides bm1 se situent de fa?on interm?diaire entre les formes normales et bm3, sauf pour la productivit? en biomasse qui est ?quivalente ? celle des normaux. Mais des essais de croissance compar?e de taurillons nourris avec des ensilages de ma?s INRA260, INRA260 bm1 et INRA260 bm3 montrent que la forme bm1 ne permet pas, contrairement ? la forme bm3, une am?lioration notable des performances animales. La r?duction de teneur en lignine a ?t? semblable pour les 3 hybrides bm3 ?tudi?s, alors que ces hybrides pr?sentaient des diff?rences importantes de sensibilit? ? la verse ou ? la casse. Les teneurs et rapports entre acides hydroxycinnamiques lib?r?s apr?s hydrolyse alcaline ?taient semblables chez les 3 hybrides, avec une lib?ration faible d'acide para-coumarique caract?ristique des g?notypes bm3. La thioacydolyse confirme que la lignine des plantes bm3 est plus pauvre en unit?s syringyl, avec, de plus, la pr?sence d'une unit? 5-hydroxyguaiacyl. La lignine des plantes bm3 est un polym?re plus condens? que la lignine des plantes normales. Observ?e ? partir d'un seul hybride bm1, la diminution de la teneur en lignine a ?t? semblable chez les plantes bm1 et bm3. Apr?s thioacidolyse, la lib?ration d'unit?s syringyl ?tait ?quivalente entre bm1 et bm3. Mais la lib?ration d'unit? guaiacyl ?tait beaucoup plus faible pour la lignine des plantes bm 1, avec des rapports syringyl/guaiacyl voisins de 0,3 pour les bm3 et de 1,3 pour les bm1. La lignine des plantes bm1 est ?galement un polym?re hautement condens?. Une variabilit? importante pour la DOM et la DCF existe aussi entre hybrides normaux. Toutefois, les hybrides les plus digestibles pr?sentent en g?n?ral des d?fauts agronomiques importants, qu'il sera sans doute possible de corriger au niveau de lign?es de second ou troisi?me cycle. Actuellement, on peut consid?rer que les voies normales et bm3 sont deux approches compl?mentaires de l'am?lioration et de la compr?hension de la digestibilit? du ma?s ensilage.
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- 1994
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40. Brown-midrib genes of maize: a review
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Barri?re, Y. and Argillier, O.
- Abstract
The efficiency of forage for ruminant animals primarily depends on cell-wall constituent content, mostly cellulose and hemicellulose, and on their digestibility, mostly reduced by lignin incrustration. Four brown-midrib genes (bm1, bm2, bm3 and bm4) have been described in maize. Brown-midrib plants were described as having a lower lignin content than normal genotypes; the ratios of hydroxycinnamic acids released after alkaline hydrolysis, and the ratios between monomeric units released after alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation or thioacidolysis also differed in normal and brown-midrib plants. The bm3 gene, allowing an important decrease of lignin content, and a better improvement in plant digestibility, was also the most studied. When cattle were fed bm3 plants, intake and digestibility were higher compared to normal isogenic ones, and the rate of digestion was also higher. However, the agronomical value of the brown-midrib genotypes was distinctively lower than that of their normal isogenic counterparts and this was particularly notable on the bm3 gene. This observation also appeared to be genotype-specific, suggesting the possibility of producing brown-midrib genotypes that are practically as good as the normal ones, but only when using well-adapted breeding methods, with normal lines of a very high agronomical value. Les g?nes brown-midrib chez le ma?s. Revue bibliographique. L'utilisation des fourrages par les ruminants d?pend essentiellement de la teneur en constituants pari?taux, principalement cellulose et h?micelluloses, et de leur digestibilit?, r?duite particuli?rement par la pr?sence de lignines dans ces parois. Quatre g?nes brown-midrib (bm1, bm2, bm3, bm4) ont ?t? mis en ?vidence chez le ma?s. Les plantes brown midrib diff?rent des ma?s normaux, particuli?rement par une teneur r?duite en lignines, par des rapports modifi?s, entre les acides hydroxycinnamiques lib?r?s apr?s hydrolyse alcaline des lignines, et par des rapports ?galement modif?s entre les unit?s monom?riques lib?r?es apr?s oxydation alcaline au nitrobenz?ne ou thioacidolyse de cette lignine. Le g?ne bm3, qui conduit ? une forte r?duction de teneur en lignines et surtout, r?sultat obtenu d?s les premi?res mesures de digestibilit? in vitro, ? la plus importante augmentation de digestibilit?, a fait l'objet du plus grand nombre d'?tudes. Cela a permis de confirmer que les g?notyes bm3 ?taient mieux ing?r?s par les ruminants, avaient, in vivo, une meilleure digestibilit?, avec une vitesse de digestion plus ?lev?e. En revanche, la valeur agronomique des ma?s brown-midrib est plus faible que celle des ma?s normaux, particuli?rement en ce qui concerne le g?ne bm3. Cependant la variabilit? g?n?tique mise en ?vidence pour des caract?res agronomiques sugg?re qu'il doit ?tre possible d'obtenir des g?notypes bm3 pratiquement du niveau des g?notypes normaux, ? condition d'employer des m?thodes de s?lection adapt?es, et en n'introgressant que les lign?es normales de tr?s bon niveau agronomique.
- Published
- 1993
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41. Genetic control and prospects of predictive breeding for European winter wheat's Zeleny sedimentation values and Hagberg-Perten falling number.
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Muqaddasi QH, Muqaddasi RK, Ebmeyer E, Korzun V, Argillier O, Mirdita V, Reif JC, Ganal MW, and Röder MS
- Subjects
- Triticum genetics, Plant Breeding, Alleles, Bread, Edible Grain genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Grain Proteins
- Abstract
Key Message: Sedimentation values and falling number in the last decades have helped maintain high baking quality despite rigorous selection for grain yield in wheat. Allelic combinations of major loci sustained the bread-making quality while improving grain yield. Glu-D1, Pinb-D1, and non-gluten proteins are associated with sedimentation values and falling number in European wheat. Zeleny sedimentation values (ZSV) and Hagberg-Perten falling number (HFN) are among the most important parameters that help determine the baking quality classes of wheat and, thus, influence the monetary benefits for growers. We used a published data set of 372 European wheat varieties evaluated in replicated field trials in multiple environments. ZSV and HFN traits hold a wide and significant genotypic variation and high broad-sense heritability. The genetic correlations revealed positive and significant associations of ZSV and HFN with each other, grain protein content (GPC) and grain hardness; however, they were all significantly negatively correlated with grain yield. Besides, GPC appeared to be the major predictor for ZSV and HFN. Our genome-wide association analyses based on high-quality SSR, SNP, and candidate gene markers revealed a strong quantitative genetic nature of ZSV and HFN by explaining their total genotypic variance as 41.49% and 38.06%, respectively. The association of known Glutenin (Glu-1) and Puroindoline (Pin-1) with ZSV provided positive analytic proof of our studies. We report novel candidate loci associated with globulins and albumins-the non-gluten monomeric proteins in wheat. In addition, predictive breeding analyses for ZSV and HFN suggest using genomic selection in the early stages of breeding programs with an average prediction accuracy of 81 and 59%, respectively., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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42. Dissecting Bread Wheat Heterosis through the Integration of Agronomic and Physiological Traits.
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Gimenez K, Blanc P, Argillier O, Pierre JB, Le Gouis J, and Paux E
- Abstract
To meet the challenge of feeding almost 10 billion people by 2050, wheat yield has to double by 2050. However, over the past 20 years, yield increase has slowed down and even stagnated in the main producing countries. Following the example of maize, hybrids have been suggested as a solution to overcome yield stagnation in wheat. However, wheat heterosis is still limited and poorly understood. Gaining a better understanding of hybrid vigor holds the key to breed for better varieties. To this aim, we have developed and phenotyped for physiological and agronomic traits an incomplete factorial design consisting of 91 hybrids and their nineteen female and sixteen male parents. Monitoring the plant development with normalized difference vegetation index revealed that 89% of the hybrids including the five higher yielding hybrids had a longer grain filling phase with a delayed senescence that results in larger grain size. This average increase of 7.7% in thousand kernel weight translated to a positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield for 86% of hybrids. In addition, hybrids displayed a positive grain protein deviation leading to a +4.7% heterosis in protein yield. These results shed light on the physiological bases underlying yield heterosis in wheat, paving new ways to breed for better wheat hybrids.
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- 2021
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43. Prospects of GWAS and predictive breeding for European winter wheat's grain protein content, grain starch content, and grain hardness.
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Muqaddasi QH, Brassac J, Ebmeyer E, Kollers S, Korzun V, Argillier O, Stiewe G, Plieske J, Ganal MW, and Röder MS
- Subjects
- Alleles, Genetic Markers, Genetic Variation, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes genetics, Hardness, Linkage Disequilibrium genetics, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Phenotype, Physical Chromosome Mapping, Principal Component Analysis, Quantitative Trait Loci genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Grain Proteins metabolism, Plant Breeding, Starch metabolism, Triticum genetics, Triticum growth & development
- Abstract
Grain quality traits determine the classification of registered wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. Although environmental factors and crop management practices exert a considerable influence on wheat quality traits, a significant proportion of the variance is attributed to the genetic factors. To identify the underlying genetic factors of wheat quality parameters viz., grain protein content (GPC), grain starch content (GSC), and grain hardness (GH), we evaluated 372 diverse European wheat varieties in replicated field trials in up to eight environments. We observed that all of the investigated traits hold a wide and significant genetic variation, and a significant negative correlation exists between GPC and GSC plus grain yield. Our association analyses based on 26,694 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphic markers revealed a strong quantitative genetic nature of GPC and GSC with associations on groups 2, 3, and 6 chromosomes. The identification of known Puroindoline-b gene for GH provided a positive analytic proof for our studies. We report that a locus QGpc.ipk-6A controls both GPC and GSC with opposite allelic effects. Based on wheat's reference and pan-genome sequences, the physical characterization of two loci viz., QGpc.ipk-2B and QGpc.ipk-6A facilitated the identification of the candidate genes for GPC. Furthermore, by exploiting additive and epistatic interactions of loci, we evaluated the prospects of predictive breeding for the investigated traits that suggested its efficient use in the breeding programs.
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- 2020
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44. The roles of pleiotropy and close linkage as revealed by association mapping of yield and correlated traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
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Schulthess AW, Reif JC, Ling J, Plieske J, Kollers S, Ebmeyer E, Korzun V, Argillier O, Stiewe G, Ganal MW, Röder MS, and Jiang Y
- Subjects
- Chromosome Mapping, Genome-Wide Association Study, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Pleiotropy, Phenotype, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Triticum genetics, Triticum growth & development
- Abstract
Grain yield (GY) of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is quantitatively inherited. Correlated GY-syndrome traits such as plant height (PH), heading date (HD), thousand grain weight (TGW), test weight (TW), grains per ear (GPE), and ear weight (EW) influence GY. Most quantitative genetics studies assessed the multiple-trait (MT) complex of GY-syndrome using single-trait approaches, and little is known about its underlying pleiotropic architecture. We investigated the pleiotropic architecture of wheat GY-syndrome through MT association mapping (MT-GWAS) using 372 varieties phenotyped in up to eight environments and genotyped with 18 832 single nucleotide polymorphisms plus 24 polymorphic functional markers. MT-GWAS revealed a total of 345 significant markers spread genome wide, representing 8, 40, 11, 40, 34, and 35 effective GY-PH, GY-HD, GY-TGW, GY-TW, GY-GPE, and GY-EW associations, respectively. Among them, pleiotropic roles of Rht-B1 and TaGW2-6B loci were corroborated. Only one marker presented simultaneous associations for three traits (i.e. GY-TGW-TW). Close linkage was difficult to differentiate from pleiotropy; thus, the pleiotropic architecture of GY-syndrome was dissected more as a cause of pleiotropy rather than close linkage. Simulations showed that minor allele frequencies, along with sizes and distances between quantitative trait loci for two traits, influenced the ability to distinguish close linkage from pleiotropy., (© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.)
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- 2017
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45. Validating the prediction accuracies of marker-assisted and genomic selection of Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat using an independent sample.
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Jiang Y, Schulthess AW, Rodemann B, Ling J, Plieske J, Kollers S, Ebmeyer E, Korzun V, Argillier O, Stiewe G, Ganal MW, Röder MS, and Reif JC
- Subjects
- Chromosome Mapping, Fusarium, Gene Frequency, Genetic Markers, Genotype, Models, Genetic, Phenotype, Plant Diseases microbiology, Quantitative Trait Loci, Reproducibility of Results, Triticum microbiology, Disease Resistance genetics, Genomics methods, Plant Breeding methods, Plant Diseases genetics, Triticum genetics
- Abstract
Key Message: Compared with independent validation, cross-validation simultaneously sampling genotypes and environments provided similar estimates of accuracy for genomic selection, but inflated estimates for marker-assisted selection. Estimates of prediction accuracy of marker-assisted (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) require validations. The main goal of our study was to compare the prediction accuracies of MAS and GS validated in an independent sample with results obtained from fivefold cross-validation using genomic and phenotypic data for Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat. In addition, the applicability of the reliability criterion, a concept originally developed in the context of classic animal breeding and GS, was explored for MAS. We observed that prediction accuracies of MAS were overestimated by 127% using cross-validation sampling genotype and environments in contrast to independent validation. In contrast, prediction accuracies of GS determined in independent samples are similar to those estimated with cross-validation sampling genotype and environments. This can be explained by small population differentiation between the training and validation sets in our study. For European wheat breeding, which is so far characterized by a slow temporal dynamic in allele frequencies, this assumption seems to be realistic. Thus, GS models used to improve European wheat populations are expected to possess a long-lasting validity. Since quantitative trait loci information can be exploited more precisely if the predicted genotype is more related to the training population, the reliability criterion is also a valuable tool to judge the level of prediction accuracy of individual genotypes in MAS.
- Published
- 2017
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46. Genome-wide association mapping of resistance to eyespot disease (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) in European winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and fine-mapping of Pch1.
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Zanke CD, Rodemann B, Ling J, Muqaddasi QH, Plieske J, Polley A, Kollers S, Ebmeyer E, Korzun V, Argillier O, Stiewe G, Zschäckel T, Ganal MW, and Röder MS
- Subjects
- Ascomycota, Chromosome Mapping, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Markers, Genotype, Microsatellite Repeats, Phenotype, Plant Diseases microbiology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Triticum microbiology, Disease Resistance genetics, Genes, Plant, Plant Diseases genetics, Triticum genetics
- Abstract
Key Message: Genotypes with recombination events in the Triticum ventricosum introgression on chromosome 7D allowed to fine-map resistance gene Pch1, the main source of eyespot resistance in European winter wheat cultivars. Eyespot (also called Strawbreaker) is a common and serious fungal disease of winter wheat caused by the necrotrophic fungi Oculimacula yallundae and Oculimacula acuformis (former name Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) for eyespot was performed with 732 microsatellite markers (SSR) and 7761 mapped SNP markers derived from the 90 K iSELECT wheat array using a panel of 168 European winter wheat varieties as well as three spring wheat varieties and phenotypic evaluation of eyespot in field tests in three environments. Best linear unbiased estimations (BLUEs) were calculated across all trials and ranged from 1.20 (most resistant) to 5.73 (most susceptible) with an average value of 4.24 and a heritability of H
2 = 0.91. A total of 108 SSR and 235 SNP marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified by considering associations with a -log10 (P value) ≥3.0. Significant MTAs for eyespot-score BLUEs were found on chromosomes 1D, 2A, 2D, 3D, 5A, 5D, 6A, 7A and 7D for the SSR markers and chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3B and 7D for the SNP markers. For 18 varieties (10.5%), a highly resistant phenotype was detected that was linked to the presence of the resistance gene Pch1 on chromosome 7D. The identification of genotypes with recombination events in the introgressed genomic segment from Triticum ventricosum harboring the Pch1 resistance gene on chromosome 7DL allowed the fine-mapping of this gene using additional SNP markers and a potential candidate gene Traes_7DL_973A33763 coding for a CC-NBS-LRR class protein was identified.- Published
- 2017
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47. Exploiting the Repetitive Fraction of the Wheat Genome for High-Throughput Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Discovery and Genotyping.
- Author
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Cubizolles N, Rey E, Choulet F, Rimbert H, Laugier C, Balfourier F, Bordes J, Poncet C, Jack P, James C, Gielen J, Argillier O, Jaubertie JP, Auzanneau J, Rohde A, Ouwerkerk PB, Korzun V, Kollers S, Guerreiro L, Hourcade D, Robert O, Devaux P, Mastrangelo AM, Feuillet C, Sourdille P, and Paux E
- Subjects
- Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Triticum classification, Genome, Plant, Genotyping Techniques methods, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid genetics, Triticum genetics
- Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) account for more than 80% of the wheat genome. Although they represent a major obstacle for genomic studies, TEs are also a source of polymorphism and consequently of molecular markers such as insertion site-based polymorphism (ISBP) markers. Insertion site-based polymorphisms have been found to be a great source of genome-specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the hexaploid wheat ( L.) genome. Here, we report on the development of a high-throughput SNP discovery approach based on sequence capture of ISBP markers. By applying this approach to the reference sequence of chromosome 3B from hexaploid wheat, we designed 39,077 SNPs that are evenly distributed along the chromosome. We demonstrate that these SNPs can be efficiently scored with the KASPar (Kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction) genotyping technology. Finally, through genetic diversity and genome-wide association studies, we also demonstrate that ISBP-derived SNPs can be used in marker-assisted breeding programs., (Copyright © 2016 Crop Science Society of America.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Analysis of main effect QTL for thousand grain weight in European winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by genome-wide association mapping.
- Author
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Zanke CD, Ling J, Plieske J, Kollers S, Ebmeyer E, Korzun V, Argillier O, Stiewe G, Hinze M, Neumann F, Eichhorn A, Polley A, Jaenecke C, Ganal MW, and Röder MS
- Abstract
Grain weight, an essential yield component, is under strong genetic control and at the same time markedly influenced by the environment. Genetic analysis of the thousand grain weight (TGW) by genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed with a panel of 358 European winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties and 14 spring wheat varieties using phenotypic data of field tests in eight environments. Wide phenotypic variations were indicated for the TGW with BLUEs (best linear unbiased estimations) values ranging from 35.9 to 58.2 g with a mean value of 45.4 g and a heritability of H(2) = 0.89. A total of 12 candidate genes for plant height, photoperiodism and grain weight were genotyped on all varieties. Only three candidates, the photoperiodism gene Ppd-D1, dwarfing gene Rht-B1and the TaGW-6A gene were significant explaining up to 14.4, 2.3, and 3.4% of phenotypic variation, respectively. For a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of TGW-QTL genotyping data from 732 microsatellite markers and a set of 7769 mapped SNP-markers genotyped with the 90k iSELECT array were analyzed. In total, 342 significant (-log10 (P-value) ≥ 3.0) marker trait associations (MTAs) were detected for SSR-markers and 1195 MTAs (-log10(P-value) ≥ 3.0) for SNP-markers in all single environments plus the BLUEs. After Bonferroni correction, 28 MTAs remained significant for SSR-markers (-log10 (P-value) ≥ 4.82) and 58 MTAs for SNP-markers (-log10 (P-value) ≥ 5.89). Apart from chromosomes 4B and 6B for SSR-markers and chromosomes 4D and 5D for SNP-markers, MTAs were detected on all chromosomes. The highest number of significant SNP-markers was found on chromosomes 3B and 1B, while for the SSRs most markers were significant on chromosomes 6D and 3D. Overall, TGW was determined by many markers with small effects. Only three SNP-markers had R(2) values above 6%.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Whole genome association mapping of plant height in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
- Author
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Zanke CD, Ling J, Plieske J, Kollers S, Ebmeyer E, Korzun V, Argillier O, Stiewe G, Hinze M, Neumann K, Ganal MW, and Röder MS
- Subjects
- Body Size, Chromosome Mapping, Genome-Wide Association Study, Models, Genetic, Species Specificity, Genome, Plant genetics, Phenotype, Triticum genetics, Triticum growth & development
- Abstract
The genetic architecture of plant height was investigated in a set of 358 recent European winter wheat varieties plus 14 spring wheat varieties based on field data in eight environments. Genotyping of diagnostic markers revealed the Rht-D1b mutant allele in 58% of the investigated varieties, while the Rht-B1b mutant was only present in 7% of the varieties. Rht-D1 was significantly associated with plant height by using a mixed linear model and employing a kinship matrix to correct for population stratification. Further genotyping data included 732 microsatellite markers, resulting in 770 loci, of which 635 markers were placed on the ITMI map plus a set of 7769 mapped SNP markers genotyped with the 90 k iSELECT chip. When Bonferroni correction was applied, a total of 153 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were observed for plant height and the SSR markers (-log10 (P-value) ≥ 4.82) and 280 (-log10 (P-value) ≥ 5.89) for the SNPs. Linear regression between the most effective markers and the BLUEs for plant height indicated additive effects for the MTAs of different chromosomal regions. Analysis of syntenic regions in the rice genome revealed closely linked rice genes related to gibberellin acid (GA) metabolism and perception, i.e. GA20 and GA2 oxidases orthologous to wheat chromosomes 1A, 2A, 3A, 3B, 5B, 5D and 7B, ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase orthologous to wheat chromosome 7A, ent-kaurene synthase on wheat chromosome 2B, as well as GA-receptors like DELLA genes orthologous to wheat chromosomes 4B, 4D and 7A and genes of the GID family orthologous to chromosomes 2B and 5B. The data indicated that besides the widely used GA-insensitive dwarfing genes Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 there is a wide spectrum of loci available that could be used for modulating plant height in variety development.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Genetic architecture of main effect QTL for heading date in European winter wheat.
- Author
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Zanke C, Ling J, Plieske J, Kollers S, Ebmeyer E, Korzun V, Argillier O, Stiewe G, Hinze M, Beier S, Ganal MW, and Röder MS
- Abstract
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) for heading date (HD) was performed with a panel of 358 European winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties and 14 spring wheat varieties through the phenotypic evaluation of HD in field tests in eight environments. Genotyping data consisted of 770 mapped microsatellite loci and 7934 mapped SNP markers derived from the 90K iSelect wheat chip. Best linear unbiased estimations (BLUEs) were calculated across all trials and ranged from 142.5 to 159.6 days after the 1st of January with an average value of 151.4 days. Considering only associations with a -log10 (P-value) ≥ 3.0, a total of 340 SSR and 2983 SNP marker-trait associations (MTAs) were detected. After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, a total of 72 SSR and 438 SNP marker-trait associations remained significant. Highly significant MTAs were detected for the photoperiodism gene Ppd-D1, which was genotyped in all varieties. Consistent associations were found on all chromosomes with the highest number of MTAs on chromosome 5B. Linear regression showed a clear dependence of the HD score BLUEs on the number of favorable alleles (decreasing HD) and unfavorable alleles (increasing HD) per variety meaning that genotypes with a higher number of favorable or a low number of unfavorable alleles showed lower HD and therefore flowered earlier. For the vernalization gene Vrn-A2 co-locating MTAs on chromosome 5A, as well as for the photoperiodism genes Ppd-A1 and Ppd-B1 on chromosomes 2A and 2B were detected. After the construction of an integrated map of the SSR and SNP markers and by exploiting the synteny to sequenced species, such as rice and Brachypodium distachyon, we were able to demonstrate that a marker locus on wheat chromosome 5BL with homology to the rice photoperiodism gene Hd6 played a significant role in the determination of the heading date in wheat.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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