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This poster describes trials of 4 adlai varietals in conservation agriculture production systems. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

This poster presents results from an NPK omission experiment in two different planting spacing which was followed by experiments on the different rates of NPK. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Conservation Agriculture Production Systems (CAPS) promotes food security while improving input efficiency, protect and improve soil, and its diversity, and sustain crop yields. Adlai is a tropical crop valued for its many uses, cereal for food, feed for animals and beads for making rosaries, necklace and other objects. It also has many medicinal uses, although some claims need scientific evidences. Thus, adlai can be a potential crop to achieve full benefits in CAPS. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is considered one of the most important economic crops in the Philippines. However,cassava is no longer a staple food for Filipinos as it is used to be, but it is an important cash crop for upland small and large farmers. It is widely cultivated in many areas in the Philippines thus it is important crop to be integrated into the conservation agriculture production system (CAPS). Nearly all the harvested roots are now processed into dry chips and pellets for export as animal feed, as well as into starch, both for domestic and international use. Major production problems are declining soil fertility,soil erosion and the strong fluctuation of the cassava root prices. Identification of suitable high yielding cassava varieties is equally important in our on CAPS. In the context of CAPS,total above ground biomass is one of the important parameters in selecting appropriate variety. Thus we are evaluating cassava varieties that have high both in root and above ground biomass that can be used as mulch for the subsequent crops. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

The conventional use inorganic fertilizers is expensive and growers are looking towards alternative inputs such as compost, manures, and crop residues to improve/maintain soil fertility. There is a need to improve nutrient management by eggplant growers to manage inputs more efficiently. The use of vermicompost and worm juice is becoming popular issue as part of integrated nutrient and pest management in vegetables particularly in Solanaceous Crops. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is cultivated for the immature fruits which are either roasted, fried, stuffed, cooked pickled or processed. Young fruits are also eaten raw. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

This poster presented the impact, sustainability and adaptability of Rubber Agroforestry System (RAS) to smallholder farmers Claveria, Philippines. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Crops with high biomass and marketable yield were aimed to be identified to be used in Conservation Agriculture Production Systems (CAPS). This is done in order to provide good soil cover and high profitability at the same time. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Maie is the main staple crop in the conservation agriculture production system in this acid upland soil where it is traditionally grown twice a year. Appropriate fertility management is important so that optimum yield and profit can be achieved particularly for smallholder upland farmers cultivating acid soils in the Philippines as well as in Southeast Asia in which environment dominates most of the non-irrigated areas. Identifying the most limiting nutrients and the optimum rates of their application are important for fertility management particularly in conservation agriculture production systems. In order to achieve this objective, we conducted an NPK omission experiment in two different planting spacing and this was followed by experiments on the different rates of NPK. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Forage Legumes are characterized by having seeds in pods with compound leaves and their roots have symbiotic relationship with bacteria which allow nitrogen fixation in the atmosphere. legumes are rich in protein which contain desirable amino acid in their foliage and seeds. Forage legumes were integrated as component in conservation agriculture throughout the wold which provide feed for livestock, as green manure and used as soil conservation measure providing soil cover. Thus, selecting and appropriate forage legume is essential to maximize the benefit of Conservation Production System (CAPS). LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Evergreen agriculture on slopes is a dynamic and ecologically based sustainable land management that diversifies and increases production, while simultaneously promoting social, economic and environmental benefits for all land users. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

This poster provides a brief description of a study on the use of forage herbaceous legumes in conservation agriculture production systems. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Conservation agriculture with trees (CAT) offers solution to this pressing problem through following 5 key principles: Minimum soil disturbance, continuous mulch, maintaining diverse crop species, integrated pests and nutrient management. CAT is very important in soil and water conservation, enhancing agri-diversity, improving farm carbon sequestration potential, maximization of land area usage in the Philippines as well as the reversal of soil degradation thus improving food and nutritional security of the upland dwellers. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Sorghum is being cultivated all over the world mainly as feed for animals and in some areas it is used for human consumption and in a variety of industrial application like paper making and used as adhesives. The poster describes a trial of sorghum as a replacement for hybrid maize in conservation agriculture production systems. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Conservation Agriculture aims to achieve sustainable and profitable agriculture and subsequently aimed at improved livelihoods of farmers through the application of three CA principles:minimal soil disturbance, permanent soil cover and crop rotations. One of the annual crops being integrated by farmers is sweet potatothis can grow well in many farming conditions and can be maintained in the ground and harvested as needed for marked or home consumption. Identification of of suitable high yielding sweet potato varieties is necessary when it is included in conservation agriculture production systems (CAPS). In the context of CAPS, total above ground biomass and root yield are the important parameters in selecting appropriate variety. Thus we are evaluating varieties with these characteristics that can be used as potential inclusion in CAPS. LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Metadata only record The presentation discusses the identification adlai variety with high biomass and grain yield suitable for (CAPS). LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Metadata only record LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Degraded landscapes are expanding rapidly in the Philippines. Agricultural productivity is decreased which in turn heightens food insecurity and exacerbates poverty particularly on the sloping acid uplands which soils are inherently poor. Through conservation agriculture (CA) principles and practices of minimal soil disturbance, continuous mulching and diverse species rotations, constitute the best ‘tool box’ to create sustainable permanent cropping systems for annual crop production for sloping tropical uplands. These practices reverse soil degradation, increase crop yield and profits and reduce the labor burden on women. Researchers-managed and farmer-managed conservation agriculture production systems (CAPS) were evaluated across the landscape of Claveria, Philippines including crops and soil fertility management component researches. We found out that cassava (Manihot esculenta) + Stylosanthes guianensis yielded the highest biomass and total sales followed by maize-maize system which yielded better compared with other maize based CAPS. Interplanting maize either with cowpea or ricebean did not give better total grain and biomass yield, but provided higher sales due to relatively better price of beans. Interplanting of maize with cowpea and relayed with upland rice insured food and nutritional security to smallholders by shortening harvest periods to 60 days and increasing harvest cycles. Stylosanthes grown with cassava and maize yielded significantly better than Arachis pintoi than grown with maize. We found out the limiting nutrients were nitrogen (N) > phosphorus (P) > Potassium (K). Omitting N application reduced maize yield by 67%, P by 59% and 21% without K application. Optimum rate of NPK application for maize was 120-20-0, but maintenance K of 17 kg/ha was necessary. Promising varieties of maize, upland rice, cowpea, forage grasses, forage legumes, sweet potato, cassava, sorghum including “adlai” (Job’s tears) were identified out-yielding locally grown varieties in economic and biomass yield which are suitable for CAPS. Our research results can be extrapolated to other upland areas in the Philippines as well as other areas in Southeast Asia as Claveria represents the bio-physical and socio-economic environment of these areas LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Crops with high biomass and marketable yield were aimed to be identified to be used in Conservation Agriculture Production Systems (CAPS). LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

The conventional use inorganic fertilizers is expensive and growers are looking towards alternative inputs such as compost, manure, and crop residues to improve/maintain soil fertility. There is a need to improve nutrient management by eggplant growers to manage inputs more efficiently. The use of vermicompost and worm juice is becoming popular issue as part of integrated nutrient and pest management in vegetables particularly in Solanaceous crops. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is cultivated for the immature fruits which are either roasted, fried, stuffed, cooked pickled or processed. Young fruits are also eaten raw. LTRA-5 (Agroforestry and Sustainable Vegetable Production)

To identify cassava cultivar with high root yield and aboveground biomass to be used in Conservation Agriculture Production Systems (CAPS). LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Forage herbaceous legumes with high biomass were aimed to be identified to be used in Conservation Agriculture Production Systems (CAPS). LTRA-12 (Conservation agriculture for food security in Cambodia and the Philippines)

Intercropping vegetable under tree-based system is becoming popular practice in the uplands. Little information is available on the potentials of different vegetables species under tree-based systems. We hypothesised that in an intensive commercial vegetable production system in the uplands, monoculture system is not sustainable but integrating trees is feasible and offers better prospects. Our overall objective is to-integrate trees on intensive vegetable farming system with minimal negative interaction, thus increasing productivity, profitability, nutrient use efficiency and environmental services. An assessment of VAF systems was conducted in Lantapan, Bukidnon, Philippines, covering 21 farms, two agroforestry systems, six tree species, eight vegetables and four aspects. Data collected were tree parameters, spatial performance of vegetables, and spatial light transmission. Focus group discussion was also conducted with VAF farmers on ways of integrating trees on vegetable farms. Furthermore, a field experiment was established to evaluate 30 different indigenous and commercial, tree, fruit, leafy, root and climbing vegetables perpendicular to a six-year old Eucalyptus torillana hedgerows. Crop growth and yield data were collected spatially relative to tree distance in order to determine productivity, adaptability, competition, and complementarity indices. Net complementarity index (NCI) was used as a tool for assessing appropriate tree-vegetable integration. Adaptability indices of different types of vegetables to varying degree of light transmission as influenced by the tree hedge were also determined. Degree of competition (CD), supplementarity (SD), net supplementarity index (NSI), average relative yield (ARY) and percent yield increase or decrease (PY) due to the presence of trees in the intensive vegetables system were determine using the data generated from the experiment. Drip irrigation and tree root pruning were looked at their effect on Bell pepper productivity and VAF net complementarity. Elite lines of tomato which are resistant to tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV), Bacterial wilt and Fusarium wilt were also evaluated under tree based systems in Lantapan, Bukidnon and Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. LTRA-5 (Agroforestry and Sustainable Vegetable Production)