Descriptor: "Architectures Matérielles" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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762 results on '"Architectures Matérielles"'

1. Cacol: A zero overhead and non-intrusive double caching mitigation system

Author: Grégoire Todeschi, Alain Tchana, Boris Teabe, Daniel Hagimont, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - INRIA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Côte d'Azur (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Double caching, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Virtualization, Server, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Overhead (computing), Page cache, Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Hypervisor, Resource (Windows), Systèmes embarqués, Zero (linguistics), Hardware and Architecture, Operating system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], computer, Software
Abstract: International audience; In a virtualized server, a page cache (which caches I/O data) is managed in both the hypervisor and the guest Operating System (OS). This leads to a well-known issue called double caching. Double caching is the presence of the same data in both the hypervisor page cache and guest OS page caches. Some experiments we performed show that almost 64% of the hypervisor page cache content is also present in guest page caches.Therefore, double caching is a huge source of memory waste in virtualized servers, particularly when I/O disk-intensive workloads are executed (which is common in today’s data centers). Knowing that memory is the limiting resource for workload consolidation, double caching is a critical issue.This paper presents a novel solution (called Cacol) to avoid double caching. Unlike existing solutions, Cacol is not intrusive as it does not require guest OS modification and induces very little performance overhead for user applications. We implemented Cacol in KVM hypervisor, a very popular virtualization system. We evaluated Cacol and compared it with Linux default solutions. The results confirm the advantages (no guest modification and no overhead) of Cacol against existing solutions.
Published: 2020

2. Derivation of Heard-of Predicates from Elementary Behavioral Patterns

Author: Aurélie Hurault, Philippe Quéinnec, Adam Shimi, Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), ANR-16-CE25-0006,PARDI,Vérification de systèmes distribués paramétrés(2016), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Theoretical computer science, Computer science, Failures, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Fault (power engineering), Interface homme-machine, 01 natural sciences, Field (computer science), Article, Message-passing, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Architectures Matérielles, Simple (abstract algebra), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Asynchronous rounds, Génie logiciel, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Repetition (rhetorical device), Message passing, Behavioral pattern, Modélisation et simulation, 16. Peace & justice, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Heard-of model, Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Cryptographie et sécurité, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
Abstract: There are many models of distributed computing, and no unifying mathematical framework for considering them all. One way to sidestep this issue is to start with simple communication and fault models, and use them as building blocks to derive the complex models studied in the field. We thus define operations like union, succession or repetition, which makes it easier to build complex models from simple ones while retaining expressivity. To formalize this approach, we abstract away the complex models and operations in the Heard-Of model. This model relies on (possibly asynchronous) rounds; sequence of digraphs, one for each round, capture which messages sent at a given round are received before the receiver goes to the next round. A set of sequences, called a heard-of predicate,defines the legal communication behaviors -- that is to say, a model of communication. Because the proposed operations behave well with this transformation of operational models into heard-of predicates, we can derive bounds, characterizations, and implementations of the heard-of predicates for the constructions., Full version of a paper accepted to FORTE 2020
Published: 2020

3. Elderly monitoring system in a smart city environment using LoRa and MQTT

Author: Abdennaceur Kachouri, Thierry Val, Abdelfatteh Lachtar, Laboratoire d'électronique et des technologies de l'Information [Sfax] (LETI), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax | National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax - ENIS (TUNISIA), and Université de Sfax (TUNISIA)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Walking stick, Computer science, Internet of Things, Interoperability, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Smart city, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Telemetry, Open systems, Middleware, Patient monitoring, MQTT, business.industry, Node (networking), 010401 analytical chemistry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, 0104 chemical sciences, Machine to machine, Queueing theory, Geriatrics, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Message queue, Protocols, Smart cities, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; With the rapid surge of M-Health and smart city systems, the need to accommodate sensors and actuators to achieve effective automation turns out to be imposed, for an efficient machine-to-machine communication to be maintained. In this regard, the key elements necessary for a successful M-Health system to take place are discovered to be the power consumption and interoperability maintaining factors. In this context, the present study is conducted to devise a special elderly tracking and monitoring system, closely connected to a walking stick device. The proposed design involves a cane cased transmitter node, enabling to send data related to the position and the state of the elderly to a base station, through implementation of the LoRa technology. The latter would then apply the message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol to interact with the environment once a fall proves to take place. For the purpose of evaluating the advanced design associated coverage range and power consumption rate, as enhanced via LoRa network, several experimental tests have been administered. The achieved results appear to reveal that the suggested architecture recorded average covered area turns out to be of the rate of 6 km2.
Published: 2020

4. Performances Analysis of a System of Localization by Angle of Arrival UWB Radio

Author: Salick Diagne, Abdou Karim Farota, Thierry Val, Ognadon Assogba, Bouya Diop, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis - UGB (SENEGAL), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Sénégal (UGB), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Signal, Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], UWB, Architectures Matérielles, Angle of arrival, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, PDoA, 021103 operations research, Observational error, Bandwidth (signal processing), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Angle of Arrival (AoA), Localization, Temporal resolution, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Actuator
Abstract: International audience; The increasingly widespread use of sensor and actuator networks and in general of the Internet of Things (IoT) in several areas of precision, imposes upon localization systems that can often equip them with a robust and more precise localization. It is in this sense that UWB technology has proved to be one of the most powerful communication technologies for these localization systems; thanks, in particular to the bandwidth occupied instantaneously by the signal allowing a very fine temporal resolution. Constructors have set up localization kits based on various technologies. These kits facilitate in a way the work of localization of users. In this paper, we present results on the performance study of the Decawave PDoA Kit. This Kit uses the PDoA (Phase Difference of Arrival) to determine the Angle of Arrival (AoA) parameter with UWB technology. This study is in context of localization by AoA for an application to protect agricultural crops against grain-eating birds. The results of the study show overall AoA measurement errors around 10 degrees in an ideal environment.
Published: 2020

5. Preventing the propagation of a new kind of illegitimate apps

Author: Alain Tchana, Giang Son Tran, Lavoisier Wapet, Daniel Hagimont, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), and Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Focus (computing), Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Mobile apps, Réseaux et télécommunications, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Detection, Architectures Matérielles, Fake apps, Hardware and Architecture, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], computer, Software
Abstract: International audience; A significant amount of apps submitted to mobile market places (MMP) are illegitimate, resulting in a negative publicity for these MMPs. To our knowledge, all scanning solutions in this domain only focus on the detection of illegitimate apps which mimic existing ones. However, recent attack analysis reveal the appearance of a new category of victims: enterprises which did not yet publish their app on the MMP. Thereby, an attacker may be one step ahead and publish a malicious app using the graphic identity of a trusted enterprise. Famous enterprises such as Blackberry, Netflix, and Niantic (Pokemon Go) have been subject of such attacks. We designed and implemented a security check system called IMAD (IllegitimateMobile App Detector) which is able to limit aforementioned attacks. The evaluation results show that IMAD can protect companies from such attacks with an acceptable error rate and at a low cost for MMPs.
Published: 2019

6. Design and evaluation of braced touch for touchscreen input stabilisation

Author: Catherine Trask, Christine Gris, Damien Masson, Marcus Yung, Alix Goguey, Carl Gutwin, Philippe Palanque, Andy Cockburn, Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), University of Canterbury - UC (NEW ZEALAND), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), University of Saskatchewan (CANADA), and Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Computer science, Target selection, Human Factors and Ergonomics, Interface homme-machine, Vibration, Education, law.invention, Touchscreen, Architectures Matérielles, law, Génie logiciel, Selection (genetic algorithm), Simulation, General Engineering, Vehicles, Modélisation et simulation, Systèmes embarqués, Bracing, Cockpit, Turbulence, Human-Computer Interaction, Hardware and Architecture, Cryptographie et sécurité, Touch interaction, Aviation, Software
Abstract: Incorporating touchscreen interaction into cockpit flight systems offers several potential advantages to aircraft manufacturers, airlines, and pilots. However, vibration and turbulence are challenges to reliable interaction. We examine the design space for braced touch interaction, which allows users to mechanically stabilise selections by bracing multiple fingers on the touchscreen before completing selection. Our goal is to enable fast and accurate target selection during high levels of vibration, without impeding interaction performance when vibration is absent. Three variant methods of braced touch are evaluated, using doubletap, dwell, or a force threshold in combination with heuristic selection criteria to discriminate intentional selection from concurrent braced contacts. We carried out an experiment to test the performance of these methods in both abstract selection tasks and more realistic flight tasks. The study results confirm that bracing improves performance during vibration, and show that doubletap was the best of the tested methods.
Published: 2019

7. Rationalizing the need of architecture-driven testing of interactive systems

Author: Canny, Alexandre, Bouzekri, Elodie, Martinie, Célia, Palanque, Philippe, Lárusdóttir, Marta Kristín, Winckler, Marco, Kuusinen, Kati, Bogdan, Cristian, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Eindhoven University of Technology - TU/e (NETHERLANDS), Interactive Critical Systems (IRIT-ICS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Eindhoven University of Technology [Eindhoven] (TU/e), Cristian Bogdan, Kati Kuusinen, Marta Kristín Lárusdóttir, Philippe Palanque, Marco Winckler, TC 13, WG 13.2, Systemic Change, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, System testing, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], User input, Interface homme-machine, Field (computer science), Task (project management), [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Software, Architectures Matérielles, Architecture-driven testing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Architecture, 050107 human factors, Interactive systems engineering, business.industry, Interactive system testing, 05 social sciences, 020207 software engineering, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Systèmes embarqués, Test (assessment), Cryptographie et sécurité, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Software engineering, business
Abstract: Part 3: Task Modelling and Task-Based Approaches; International audience; Testing interactive systems is known to be a complex task that cannot be exhaustive. Indeed, the infinite number of combination of user input and the complexity of information presentation exceed the practical limits of exhaustive and analytical approach to testing [31]. Most interactive software testing techniques are produced by applying and tuning techniques from the field of software testing to try to address the specificities of interactive applications. When some elements cannot be taken into account by the software testing technique, they are usually ignored. In this paper we propose to follow an opposite approach, starting from a generic architecture for interactive systems (including both software and hardware elements) for identifying in a systematic way, testing problems and testing needs. This architecture-driven approach makes it possible to identify how software testing knowledge and techniques can support interactive systems testing but also where the interactive systems engineering community should invest in order to test their idiosyncrasies too.
Published: 2019

8. Conception d’une caméra intelligente multi-vues à base de FPGA

Author: Bonnard, Jonathan, STAR, ABES, Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne, François Berry, and Maxime Pelcat
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Hardware Architecture, Caméras intelligentes, [INFO.INFO-AR] Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Multi-vues, Smart-Camera, Compression, [INFO.INFO-NE] Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], [SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Multi-views, [INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], FPGA, CNN, Architectures matérielles
Abstract: Vision systems are an integral part of our society and continue to fuel many areas of research and development. Multi-view systems increase the field of vision applications by their ability to capture a scene from different view angles. Stereoscopic vision, 3D or panoramic-view systems are concrete examples of multi-view applications and are already massively used in both heavy and consumer industries. For example, some film productions use special effects from dozens of synchronized cameras. Observation satellites use camera arrays to create high-resolution images. This versatility, the diversity or redundancy of visual information can be exploited in many domains and in particular for artificial intelligence applied to vision.Recent researches have demonstrated that classical vision algorithms have become obsolete since the emergence of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, CNNs remain extremely expensive in terms of computation, therefore, complex to implement on low power electronics. In theory, reprogrammable circuits (FPGA) have a significant potential to infer a convolutional network as close as possible to an image sensor with a data stream oriented model of computation, guaranteeing both low power consumption and high-speed of execution. In practice, they remain limited by their low density of logic elements and other factors inherent to the technology. As a result, a single FPGA can only support a subset of a network. In this thesis, we propose a multi-view hardware architecture to increase the integration factor of a network on this type of hardware target. Indeed, even in its simplest form, a multi-view convolutional neural network architecture has a better recognition capacity than its single-view counterpart. This fundamental principle poses the question of the balance between the quantitative and qualitative factors of a network, i.e., the density of parameters defining the complexity of a CNN and its level of performance in terms of recognition. This work demonstrates experimentally that the multi-view nature of the information allows to decrease the quantity of parameters of a network and as a consequence, its complexity. An embedded camera prototype is proposed to test this hypothesis in a realistic context. It is divided into two parts.The first one is composed of several reprogrammable camera heads capable of inferring a part of a CNN by supporting the throughput of an image sensor. These are driven and powered by the second part composed of a central FPGA that aggregates the data stream from each sensor and executes the rest of the neural network. Among other things, this camera is able to synchronize or to add delays for each shot with a time baseof the order of ten nanoseconds., Les systèmes de vision font partie intégrante de notre société et continuent d’alimenter de nombreux axes de recherche et développement. Les systèmes multi-vues permettent d’étendre le champ des applications de vision par leur capacité à capturer une scène sous différents angles de vue. La vision stéréoscopique et la reconstruction 3D ou panoramique sont des exemples concrets d’applications multi-vues et sont déjà massivement employés dans l’industrie ou auprès du grand public. Par exemple, certaines productions cinématographiques utilisent des effets spéciaux à partir de dizaines de caméras synchronisées. Ou encore les satellites d’observation privilégient des matrices de caméras pour créer des images en haute-résolution. Cette versatilité, la diversité ou la redondance d’informations visuelles sont exploitables dans de nombreux domaines et en particuliers pour l’intelligence artificielle appliquée à la vision. Les dernières recherches ont démontré que les algorithmes de vision classiques sont devenus obsolètes face aux réseaux de convolutions (CNNs). Cependant, les CNNs restent extrêmement coûteux en calculs et complexes à mettre en œuvre sur des électroniques basse consommation. En théorie, les circuits reprogrammables (FPGA) possèdent un potentiel significatif pour inférer un réseau de convolutions au plus près d’un capteur d’image avec un modèle de calcul orienté flots de données, garantissant à la fois une consommation électrique limitée et une grande vitesse d’exécution. En pratique, ils restent limités par leur faible densité d’éléments logiques et par d’autres facteurs inhérents à cette technologie. Par conséquent, un FPGA ne peut supporter à lui seul qu’une faible partie d’un réseau. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une architecture matérielle multi-vues pour augmenter le facteur d’intégration d’un réseau sur ce type de cible matérielle. En effet, même dans sa forme la plus simple,une architecture de réseau de convolutions multi-vues possède une meilleure capacité de reconnaissance que sa contrepartie mono-vue. Ce principe fondamental pose la question de l’équilibre entre les facteurs quantitatif et qualitatif d’un réseau, c’est-à-dire, la densité de paramètres définissant la complexité d’un CNN et son niveau de performance en termes de reconnaissance. Ce travail démontre de manière expérimentale que la nature multi-vues permet d’abaisser la quantité de paramètres d’un réseau et par conséquent, sa complexité. Un prototype de caméra embarquée est proposée pour tester cette hypothèse dans un contexte réaliste. Celle-ci est scindée en deux parties. La première est composée de plusieurs têtes de caméras reprogrammables capables d’inférer une partie d’un CNN en supportant le débit d’un capteur d’image. Celles-ci sont pilotées et alimentées par la seconde partie composée d’un FPGA central qui agrège les flots de données issues de chaque capteur et exécuter la suite du réseau de neurones. Entre autres, cette caméra peut synchroniser ou ajouter des délais pour chaque prise de vue avec une base de temps de l’ordre de la dizaine de nanosecondes.
Published: 2021

9. PCach: The Case for Pre-Caching your Mobile Data

Author: Gentian Jakllari, Katia Jaffrès-Runser, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Smartphone application, Mobile data, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Pre-cache, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wi-Fi, Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI), SIMPLE (military communications protocol), business.industry, Mobile broadband, Cellular networks, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Cellular network, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, The Internet, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Cache, business, Computer network
Abstract: We present PCach, a smartphone-based approach for relieving the congestion in cellular network resulting from the exponential growth in mobile data traffic. The basic idea underlying PCach is simple: use WiFi to proactively cache content on the smartphone's memory, which otherwise would have been delivered through the cellular network. However, it leads to several challenging questions, including how much mobile data actually flows through cellular networks, how much data can be pre-cached, and when and what to pre-cache. We address these questions progressively using a thorough analysis of user data collected from our purpose-built crowdsensing Android application, actively utilized by 45 users for periods dating back to July 2014. Our analysis shows that the median smartphone user transfers 15% of their data via the cellular network and that 80\% of it can be pre-cached via WiFi. To capitalize on these results, we draw on a careful analysis of the measurement data to introduce an algorithm that can run stand-alone on off-the-shelf smartphones and predict with good accuracy when and what to pre-cache., Comment: To appear as a 4p paper in the proceedings of the 43nd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN), Chicago, USA, October 1-4, 2018
Published: 2020

10. Scheduling in a single-server with state-dependent service rates

Author: Balakrishna Prabhu, Rhonda Righter, Urtzi Ayesta, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), University of California - UC Berkeley (USA), University of the Basque Country - UPV/EHU (SPAIN), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Holding cost, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Single server queue, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Management Science and Operations Research, Operations research, 01 natural sciences, Systèmes embarqués, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Scheduling (computing), 010104 statistics & probability, Idle, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Queueing theory, State dependent, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0101 mathematics, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty
Abstract: International audience; We consider single-server scheduling to minimize holding costs where the capacity, or rate of service, depends on the number of jobs in the system, and job sizes become known upon arrival. In general, this is a hard problem, and counter-intuitive behavior can occur. For example, even with linear holding costs the optimal policy may be something other than SRPT or LRPT, it may idle, and it may depend on the arrival rate. We first establish an equivalence between our problem of deciding which jobs to serve when completed jobs immediately leave, and a problem in which we have the option to hold on to completed jobs and can choose when to release them, and in which we always serve jobs according to SRPT. We thus reduce the problem to determining the release times of completed jobs. For the clearing, or transient system, where all jobs are present at time 0, we give a complete characterization of the optimal policy and show that it is fully determined by the cost-to-capacity ratio. With arrivals, the problem is much more complicated, and we can obtain only partial results. We show that if the cost-to-capacity ratio is linear, then all non-idling policies yield the same average cost. We further characterize the optimal policy in some special cases. For example, we show that as long as capacity is increasing in the number of jobs, LRPT stochastically minimizes the mean busy period.
Published: 2020

11. Negotiation Game for Joint IT and Energy Management in Green Datacenters

Author: Minh-Thuyen Thi, Georges Da Costa, Jean-Marc Nicod, Patricia Stolf, Marwa Haddad, Jean-Marc Pierson, Gustavo Rostirolla, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté - UBFC (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), ANR-15-CE25-0012,DATAZERO,Datacenters robustes utilisant de l'énergie renouvelable(2015), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Mathematical optimization, Renewable energy, Computer Networks and Communications, Energy management, Computer science, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], Stability (learning theory), Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Datacenter, 7. Clean energy, Multi-objective optimization, Negotiation, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Intermittent power, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Game theory, business.industry, Quality of service, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Power (physics), Term (time), Hardware and Architecture, Middleware, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Software
Abstract: Preprint; International audience; As the power demand of datacenters is increasing sharply, a promising solution is to power datacenters locally by renewable energies. However, one of the main challenges when operating such green datacenters is to conciliate the intermittent power supply and the power demand. To deal with this problem, we view the green datacenter as two sub-systems, namely, Information Technology (IT) sub-system which consumes energy, and electrical sub-system which supplies energy. The objective is to find an efficient trade-off between the power demand and power supply, respecting the operational requirements of both sub-systems (i.e., the requirements on utility, or monetary gain, which includes monetary revenue and monetary cost). First, we analyze the problem by a black-box approach. In this approach, the models of the two sub-systems are unknown to each other, and the two sub-systems negotiate by exchanging their power preferences. However, we found that the black-box approach cannot guarantee stable solutions in term of execution time and generational distance (which is the distance between a solution and the Pareto front). Then we introduce a semi black-box approach, in which the two sub-systems are modeled as the buyer and the supplier in a buyer–supplier negotiation game. We propose an algorithm that allows the buyer and supplier to negotiate, seeking for an efficient trade-off between the power demand and power supply. The analytical results show that the semi black-box algorithm converges to equilibrium, and these results are then confirmed by experimental results. We conduct the experiments by implementing a middleware of a datacenter powered by renewable energies. The experimental results show that the semi black-box algorithm improves significantly the stability, quality of service (QoS) and utility of the datacenter, compared to other algorithms. In term of stability, compared to the black-box algorithm, the semi black-box algorithm reduces the standard deviation of execution time and generational distance by 23 and 27 times, respectively. In term of QoS and utility, the semi black-box algorithm outperforms the algorithms that do not consider joint IT-energy management, as well as the algorithms that do not utilize a semi black-box design
Published: 2020

12. K-set agreement bounds in round-based models through combinatorial topology

Author: Armando Castañeda, Adam Shimi, Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), ANR-16-CE25-0006,PARDI,Vérification de systèmes distribués paramétrés(2016), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - UNAM (MEXICO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)
Subjects: TheoryofComputation_MISCELLANEOUS, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], K-set, Computer science, Upper bounds, Structure (category theory), Combinatorial topology, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 01 natural sciences, Interface homme-machine, Set (abstract data type), Distributed computability, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Round-based models, Initial value problem, Génie logiciel, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Graph property, Discrete mathematics, 020203 distributed computing, Ring (mathematics), Computability, Lower bounds, Modélisation et simulation, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Cryptographie et sécurité, Set-agreeement, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems
Abstract: Round-based models are very common message-passing models; combinatorial topology applied to distributed computing provides sweeping results like general lower bounds. We combine both to study the computability of k-set agreement. Among all the possible round-based models, we consider oblivious ones, where the constraints are given only round per round by a set of allowed graphs. And among oblivious models, we focus on closed-above ones, that is models where the set of possible graphs contains all graphs with more edges than some starting graphs. These capture intuitively the underlying structure required by some communication model, like containing a ring. We then derive lower bounds and upper bounds in one round for k-set agreement, such that these bounds are proved using combinatorial topology but stated only in terms of graph properties. These bounds extend to multiple rounds when limiting our algorithms to be oblivious - recalling only pairs of processes and initial value, not who send what and when.
Published: 2020

13. Model-Based Testing of Post-WIMP Interactions Using Object Oriented Petri-nets

Author: Philippe Palanque, David Navarre, José Creissac Campos, Alexandre Canny, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universidade do Minho (PORTUGAL), Interactive Critical Systems (IRIT-ICS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, High-Assurance Software Laboratory [Braga, Portugal] ( HASLab ), University of Minho [Braga]-Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science [Porto] (INESC TEC), and Universidade do Minho
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI), Model-Based Testing, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Interface homme-machine, Software testing, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], System under test, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Model-based testing, Finite-state machine, Programming language, 020207 software engineering, Post-WIMP, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Systèmes embarqués, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Test case, Workflow, Post-WIMP interactive systems, Cryptographie et sécurité, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, computer
Abstract: Model-Based Testing (MBT) relies on models of a System Under Test (SUT) to derive test cases for said system. While Finite State Machine (FSM), workflow, etc. are widely used to derive test cases for WIMP applications (i.e. applications depending on 2D widgets such as menus and icons), these notations lack the expressive power to describe the interaction techniques and behaviors found in post-WIMP applications. In this paper, we aim at demonstrating that thanks to ICO, a formal notation for describing interactive systems, it is possible to generate test cases that go beyond the state of the art by addressing the MBT of advanced interaction techniques in post-WIMP applications., (undefined)
Published: 2020

14. Priority-based data collection for UAV-aided Mobile Sensor Network

Author: Riadh Dhaou, Tianyi Liu, Song Liu, Xiaoyan Ma, Rahim Kacimi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Tongji University (CHINA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), CLESTHIA - Langage, systèmes, discours - EA 7345 (CLESTHIA), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Central China Normal University [Wuhan, China], Temps Réel dans les Réseaux et Systèmes (IRIT-T2RS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), and Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Dynamic network analysis, Computer science, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Network topology, lcsh:Chemical technology, Biochemistry, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Article, Analytical Chemistry, Scheduling (computing), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Architectures Matérielles, Collision-free, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Mobile nodes, lcsh:TP1-1185, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Data collection, Data Collection, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Wireless sensor networks, Wireless sensor network, Multiple unmanned aerial vehicles
Abstract: International audience; In this work, we study data collection in multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) 1 aided mobile wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The network topology is changing due to the 2 mobility of the UAVs and the sensor nodes, the design of efficient data collection protocols 3 is a major concern. We address such high dynamic network and propose two mechanisms: 4 prioritized-based contact-duration frame selection mechanism (called PCdFS mechanism), and 5 prioritized-based multiple contact-duration frame selection mechanism (called PMCdFS mechanism) 6 to build collision-free scheduling and balance the nodes between the multi-UAV respectively. Based 7 on the two mechanisms, we proposed a Balance algorithm to conduct the collision-free communication 8 between the mobile nodes and the multi-UAVs. Two key design ideas for Balance algorithm are: (a) 9 no need of higher priority for those nodes that have lower transmission rate between them and the 10 UAV and (b) improve the communication opportunity for those nodes that have shorter contact 11 duration with the UAVs. We demonstrate the performance of proposed algorithms through extensive 12 simulations, and real experiments. These experiments using 15 mobile nodes at a path with 10 13 intersections and 1 island, presents that the network fairness is efficiently enhanced. We also confirm 14 the applicability of proposed algorithms in a challenging and realistic scenario through numerous 15 experiments on a path in Tongji campus in Shanghai, China. 16
Published: 2020

15. IoT networks 3D deployment using hybrid many-objective optimization algorithms

Author: Thierry Val, Nejah Nasri, Adrien van den Bossche, Malek Alrashidi, Sami Mnasri, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Analyse et Commande des Systèmes (LACS), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Laboratoire Toulousain de Technologie et d'Ingénierie des Systèmes (LATTIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax - ENIS (TUNISIA), University of Tabuk (SAUDI ARABIA), and Université de Sfax (TUNISIA)
Subjects: Scheme (programming language), [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Experimental validation, Control and Optimization, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Algorithme et structure de données, 3D indoor redeployment, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Many-objective optimization, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Artificial Intelligence, Convergence (routing), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Decomposition (computer science), Wireless, computer.programming_language, 021103 operations research, Ideal (set theory), Preference incorporation, business.industry, Dimensionality reduction, IoT collection networks, Systèmes embarqués, Software deployment, Mutation (genetic algorithm), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, computer, Software, Information Systems
Abstract: International audience; When resolving many-objective problems, multi-objective optimization algorithms encounter several difficulties degrading their performances. These difficulties may concern the exponential execution time, the effectiveness of the mutation and recombination operators or finding the tradeoff between diversity and convergence. In this paper, the issue of 3D redeploying in indoor the connected objects (or nodes) in the Internet of Things collection networks (formerly known as wireless sensor nodes) is investigated. The aim is to determine the ideal locations of the objects to be added to enhance an initial deployment while satisfying antagonist objectives and constraints. In this regard, a first proposed contribution aim to introduce an hybrid model that includes many-objective optimization algorithms relying on decomposition (MOEA/D, MOEA/DD) and reference points (Two_Arch2, NSGA-III) while using two strategies for introducing the preferences (PI-EMO-PC) and the dimensionality reduction (MVU-PCA). This hybridization aims to combine the algorithms advantages for resolving the many-objective issues. The second contribution concerns prototyping and deploying real connected objects which allows assessing the performance of the proposed hybrid scheme on a real world environment. The obtained experimental and numerical results show the efficiency of the suggested hybridization scheme against the original algorithms.
Published: 2020

16. Effectiveness of neural networks for power modeling for Cloud and HPC: It's worth it!

Author: Jean-Marc Pierson, Leandro Fontoura-Cupertino, Georges da Costa, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and European Project: 288701,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-7,COOLEMALL(2011)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Pooling, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Cloud computing, 02 engineering and technology, Scheduling (computing), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Server, Machine learning, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Media Technology, Computer Science (miscellaneous), Analytical models, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Artificial neural network, business.industry, Systèmes embarqués, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Hardware and Architecture, Power consumption, Power models, HPC, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Internet of Things, business, Cloud, Software, Information Systems
Abstract: Power consumption of servers and applications are of utmost importance as computers are becoming ubiquitous, from smart phones to IoT and full-fledged computers. To optimize their power consumption, knowledge is necessary during execution at different levels: for the Operating System to take decisions of scheduling, for users to choose between different applications. Several models exist to evaluate the power consumption of computers without relying on actual wattmeters: Indeed, these hardware are costly but also usually have limits on their pooling frequency (usually a one-second frequency is observed) except for dedicated professional hardware. The models link applications behavior with their power consumption, but up to now there is a 5% wall: Most models cannot reduce their error under this threshold and are usually linked to a particular hardware configuration. This article demonstrates how to break the 5% wall of power models. It shows that by using neural networks it is possible to create models with 1% to 2% error. It also quantifies the reachable precision obtainable with other classical methods such as analytical models.
Published: 2020

17. Formal Development of Multi-Purpose Interactive Application (MPIA) for ARINC 661

Author: Marc Pantel, Neeraj Kumar Singh, Yamine Aït-Ameur, Philippe Palanque, David Navarre, Dominique Méry, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université de Lorraine (FRANCE), Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Proof-oriented development of computer-based systems (MOSEL), Department of Formal Methods (LORIA - FM), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TELECOM Nancy, Université de Lorraine (UL), Interactive Critical Systems (IRIT-ICS), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Model checking, Computer science, Interface (Java), PetShop, Formal method, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 02 engineering and technology, Interface homme-machine, Domain (software engineering), [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Architectures Matérielles, Validation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Computer-aided software engineering, business.industry, Refinement and proofs, Verification, 020207 software engineering, Human-machine interface (HMI), Animation, Formal methods, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Systèmes embarqués, ARINC 661, Scalability, Task analysis, Cryptographie et sécurité, Event-B, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Software engineering, business
Abstract: International audience; This paper reports our experience for developing Human-Machine Interface (HMI) complying with ARINC 661 specification standard for interactive cockpits applications using formal methods. This development relies on the FLUID modelling language, we have proposed and formally defined in the FORMEDICIS project. FLUID contains essential features required for specifying HMI. To develop the Multi-Purpose Interactive Applications (MPIA) use case, we follow the following steps: an abstract model of MPIA is written using the FLUID language; this MPIA FLUID model is used to produce an Event-B model for checking the functional behaviour, user interactions, safety properties, and interaction related to domain properties; the Event-B model is also used to check temporal properties and possible scenario using the ProB model checker; and finally, the MPIA FLUID model is translated to Interactive Cooperative Objects (ICO) using the PetShop CASE tool to validate the dynamic behaviour, visual properties and task analysis. These steps rely on different tools to check internal consistency along with possible HMI properties. Finally, the formal development of the MPIA case study using FLUID and its embedding into other formal techniques, demonstrates reliability, scalability and feasibility of our approach defined in the FORMEDICIS project.
Published: 2020

18. Fast maximum coverage of system behavior from a performance and power point of view

Author: Jean-Marc Pierson, Georges Da Costa, Leandro Fontoura-Cupertino, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Theoretical Computer Science, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Range (statistics), Quality (business), media_common, SIMPLE (military communications protocol), Performance counters, System coverage, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Computer Science Applications, Power (physics), Benchmarking, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Power, Key (cryptography), [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Performance indicator, Metric (unit), Data mining, computer, Software
Abstract: International audience; This article proposes a methodology for constructing and assessing the quality of benchmark-suites dedicated to understand server behavior. Applications are multiple:behavioral models creation, power capping, abnormal behavior detection, model validation. To reach all the operating points of one server, an automatic operating range detection is necessary. To get the knowledge of the operating range, an exhaustive search of possible reachable states must be conducted. While many works use for this purpose only simplistic benchmark-suites in their research, we show in this article that using simple assumptions (leading to simple models such as linear ones) introduces large bias. We identify the bias due to individual hardware components. The key for understanding and modeling of the system behavior (from performance and power consumption points of view) is to stress the system and its subsystems on a large set ofconfigurations, and to collect values spanningover a large spectrum.We define a coverage metric for evaluating the coverage of measured performance indicators and power values. We evaluate different benchmarks using that metric, and thoroughly analyze their impact on the collected values. Finally, we propose a benchmark-suite providing a large coverage, adapted to general cases.
Published: 2020

19. A User-Centric Identity Management Framework based on the W3C Verifiable Credentials and the FIDO Universal Authentication Framework

Author: Samer Wazan, Abdelmalek Benzekri, Francois Barrere, Arnaud Oglaza, Romain Laborde, Rémi Venant, David W. Chadwick, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), University of Kent (UNITED KINGDOM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Nantes Angers Le Mans - UNAM (FRANCE), Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), University of Kent [Canterbury], Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans (LIUM), and Le Mans Université (UM)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Verifiable credentials, Réseaux et télécommunications, Federated Identity Management, 0102 computer and information sciences, Certification, Computer security, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Identity management, QA76, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050107 human factors, User-centered design, Password, Authentication, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Usability, Service provider, Systèmes embarqués, FIDO UAF, Digital identity, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Federated identity management, Verifiable secret sharing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, computer
Abstract: International audience; We present a user-centric and decentralized digital identity system that allows anyone to easily benefit from an enriched digital identity made of multi-purpose and multi-origin attributes. It increases usability by the elimination of user passwords. It also makes this digital identity highly trustworthy both for the user (in terms of privacy and sovereignty) and the service provider who requires highly certified information about the user being enrolled to and/or authenticated on its services. We built our system based on the Universal Authentication Framework specified by the FIDO Alliance and the data model proposed by the W3C Verifiable Credentials WG. The whole system has been implemented in a banking scenario.
Published: 2020

20. Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem under Deadlines

Author: Paul Renaud-Goud, Patricia Stolf, Florent Dubois, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Capacitated, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Flooding, Vehicle routing problem, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Routing, 021103 operations research, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Resolution (logic), Solver, Systèmes embarqués, Deadlines, Constraint (information theory), Trajectory, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Heuristics
Abstract: International audience; Fast floods are usually not predictable and lead to lot of damages. In the context of a fast flood, the rescue teams need to elaborate the most efficient plan to save people in the impacted area, “as fast as possible”. Based on discussions with firefighters, the problem is formalized as a Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem under Deadlines. We introduce tour planning which allows to plan vehicle trajectory for several travels through the rescue center to put casualties into safety. We model the “as fast as possible” requirement through two elements: (i) a deadline, i.e. the time before which someone has to get rescued, is associated with every demand, (ii) the objective function to minimize is the Flow-time, i.e. the sum over each victim of the period during which it was not into safety. We created a set of various graphs in order to evaluate our results varying size of the problem, temporal constraint parameter and capacity constraint parameter in order to observe the evolution of the model towards different kinds of problems. We express the problem as a MILP, which provides the optimal solution on reasonable instance size problems thanks to MILP solvers. Since finding the optimal solution in real-time will not be possible with MILP solver, we also propose and compare different heuristics algorithms. The results show that the heuristics results are close to the optimal solution given by the resolution using Linear programming formulation on small instances. The Best Flow-time Insertion algorithm shows better results than the other heuristics developed in this article for every problem size and it is the closest from optimal results for small size problems.
Published: 2020

21. Know Your Customer: Opening a New Bank Account Online Using UAAF

Author: Francois Barrere, Abdelmalek Benzekri, Rémi Venant, Romain Laborde, Samer Wazan, David W. Chadwick, Arnaud Oglaza, Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), University of Kent [Canterbury], Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans (LIUM), Le Mans Université (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), University of Kent (UNITED KINGDOM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), and Université Nantes Angers Le Mans - UNAM (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Privacy by Design, Know your customer, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Verifiable credentials, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), Federated Identity Management, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Authentication, QA76.76, Authorization, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, FIDO UAF, Digital identity, Identity (object-oriented programming), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Know Your Customer, computer
Abstract: International audience; Universal Authentication and Authorization Framework is a user-centric, privacy by design and decentralized system that allows anyone to easily benefit from a reliable digital identity made of multi-purpose and multi-origin attributes. In this article, we present the implementation of this framework in the context of online banking. We demonstrate how it can facilitate enforcing Know Your Customer when opening a new bank account online by allowing users to combine verifiable identity attributes issued by different organizations.
Published: 2020

22. Modeling and verification method for an early evaluation of Systems of Systems interactions

Author: Iulian Ober, Ronan Baduel, Jean-Michel Bruel, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Advancing Rigorous Software and System Engineering (IRIT-ARGOS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Smart Modeling for softw@re Research and Technology (IRIT-SM@RT), and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Context (language use), [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 02 engineering and technology, Interface homme-machine, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], States and modes, Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, Use case, Point (geometry), [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Structure (mathematical logic), System of systems, Model-based systems engineering, 020207 software engineering, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Systèmes embarqués, Systems engineering, Cryptographie et sécurité, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Verification and validation, System of Systems (SoS)- Early validation
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents the results achieved while pursuing the verification and validation of a train system behavior at the first steps of development in an industrial context. At this stage, and at least from the industrial point of view, the train can be considered as a System of Systems (SoS). A method is proposed, supported by preliminary results through the definition and verification of constrained states and preconditions to use cases, as well as a structure for the behavior.
Published: 2020

23. On a unifying product form framework for redundancy models

Author: Ina Maria Verloop, Tejas Bodas, Urtzi Ayesta, Basque Foundation for Science ( Ikerbasque ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés ( LAAS-SARA ), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes [Toulouse] ( LAAS ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universidad del País Vasco - Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea - EHU (SPAIN), Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Architecture des Systèmes - LAAS (Toulouse, France), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)
Subjects: Exponential distribution, Redundancy-d, Computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, Generalization, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Combinatorics, 010104 statistics & probability, Redundancy (information theory), Architectures Matérielles, Server, Cancel-on-start, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Redundancy (engineering), 0101 mathematics, Queue, [ INFO.INFO-RO ] Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Mathematics, 020203 distributed computing, 021103 operations research, Stationary distribution, business.industry, Product-form distribution, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Queueing system, Systèmes embarqués, [ INFO.INFO-PF ] Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], Hardware and Architecture, Independence assumption, Modeling and Simulation, Product (mathematics), Closed-form expression, business, [ MATH.MATH-PR ] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Software, Computer network
Abstract: In this paper, we present a unifying analysis for redundancy systems with cancel-on-start ( c . o . s . ) and cancel-on-complete ( c . o . c . ) with exponentially distributed service requirements. With c . o . s . ( c . o . c . ) all redundant copies are removed as soon as one of the copies starts (completes) service. As a consequence, c . o . s . does not waste any computing resources, as opposed to c . o . c . We show that the c . o . s . model is equivalent to a queueing system with multi-type jobs and servers, which was analyzed in Visschers et al., (2012), and show that c . o . c . (under the assumption of i.i.d. copies) can be analyzed by a generalization of Visschers et al., (2012) where state-dependent departure rates are permitted. This allows us to show that the stationary distribution for both the c . o . c . and c . o . s . models has a product form. We give a detailed first-time analysis for c . o . s and derive a closed form expression for important metrics like mean number of jobs in the system, and probability of waiting. We also note that the c . o . s . model is equivalent to Join-Shortest-Work queue with power of d (JSW( d )). In the latter, an incoming job is dispatched to the server with smallest workload among d randomly chosen ones. Thus, all our results apply mutatis-mutandis to JSW( d ). Comparing the performance of c . o . s . with that of c . o . c . with i.i.d. copies gives the unexpected conclusion (since c . o . s . does not waste any resources) that c . o . s . is worse in terms of mean number of jobs. As part of ancillary results, we illustrate that this is primarily due to the assumption of i.i.d. copies in case of c . o . c . (together with exponentially distributed requirements) and that such assumptions might lead to conclusions that are qualitatively different from that observed in practice.
Published: 2018

24. DV-Hop Localization With Protocol Sequence Based Access

Author: Feng Shu, Huang Xinyu, Fu Xiao, Wei Jun, Yijin Zhang, Linqing Gui, Thierry Val, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Nanjing University of Science and Technology - NUST (CHINA), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications - NJUPT (CHINA), Southeast University - SEU (CHINA), National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory - NCRL (Nanjing, Chine), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory [Jiangsu], Southeast University [Jiangsu], Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Protocol sequence, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Time division multiple access, Réseaux et télécommunications, Aerospace Engineering, Access control, 02 engineering and technology, Broadcasting, Distance Vector Hop (DV-Hop), Hop (networking), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 0203 mechanical engineering, Architectures Matérielles, Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business.industry, Network packet, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, 020302 automobile design & engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Range-free, Localization, Automotive Engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Wireless sensor network, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; Among typical range-free localization schemes for sensor networks, DV-Hop has its distinguishing advantage of the capability to localize unknown nodes, which have less than three or even no neighbor anchors. However, existing DV-Hop based localization methods have not considered the problem of packet collisions, which can frequently happen during the throughout-whole-network broadcast of numerous data packets at the first two steps of DV-Hop. In order to effectively improve the success rate of packet transmission between nodes, this paper proposes a medium access control (MAC) method based on Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) protocol sequence for DV-Hop localization. First, a broadcasting strategy is designed for the proposed MAC method. Then, dedicated procedures for both anchor nodes and unknown nodes are presented to implement the designed MAC method in DV-Hop localization. Through simulation and evaluation, the performance of DV-Hop localization with the proposed MAC method is thoroughly investigated. Simulation results show that when the number of protocol sequences is larger than a certain number, the proposed MAC method can provide DV-Hop with better localization accuracy than E-CSMA/CA, while keeping similar localization time.
Published: 2018

25. Modeling, classifying and generating large-scale Google-like workload

Author: Ines de Courchelle, Georges Da Costa, Léo Grange, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], General Computer Science, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Schema (psychology), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Reference implementation, Workload generation, Workload analysis, Large scale, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Workload, Classification, Google dataset, Systèmes embarqués, Reproducible experiments, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Data mining, computer
Abstract: International audience; One of the key elements needed to test most large-scale scheduling algorithms is a testing infrastructure. Large scale is of upmost importance as failures and complex behaviors are common occurrences only at such scale. In order to test the reaction of a system to failures or extreme behaviors, it is necessary to be able to create large scale environments. Such an infrastructure must be reproducible so that several studies are able to compare themselves but also capable of diversity as otherwise it would risk to limit them to particular subcases. In this article, we propose a generic adaptable and reusable model of large scale workload. The original schema comes from the Google Cluster Workload Traces which is a perfect representative of large scale production workload. The methodology to produce the model can be used at different precision levels and can classify the input level without human supervision. Contrary to most model analysis of such traces, we propose along with our model a reference implementation in order for other studies using our results to produce comparable experiments.
Published: 2018

26. Improved Identity Management with Verifiable Credentials and FIDO

Author: Rémi Venant, Samer Wazan, Romain Laborde, David W. Chadwick, Arnaud Oglaza, Manreet Nijjar, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), University of Kent (UNITED KINGDOM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Nantes Angers Le Mans - UNAM (FRANCE), Zayed University - ZU (UNITED ARAB EMIRATES), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), University of Kent [Canterbury], Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans (LIUM), Le Mans Université (UM), Zayed University, and Barts Health NHS Trust [London, UK]
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Decentralized control, Authorzation, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Fingerprint recognition, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Identity management, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, Management of Technology and Innovation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Strong authentication, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Protocol (object-oriented programming), Password, Patient monitoring, Authentication, QA76.76, Identity management systems, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, 3. Good health, Mobile handsets, Mobile phone, Medical devices, Verifiable secret sharing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], W3C, Law, computer, Biomedical monitoring
Abstract: International audience; We describe how FIDO and W3C VCs can overcome the problems of existing identity management systems. We describe our conceptual model and architecture, and the protocol we used by extending FIDO's UAF in order to provide both strong authentication and strong authorization. We built a pilot implementation for U.K. NHS patients to validate our implementation. Patients were able to use a mobile phone with a fingerprint reader to access restricted NHS sites in order to make and cancel appointments and order repeat prescription drugs. Our initial user trials with 10 U.K. NHS patients found the system to be easy to use, and fingerprints to be preferable to using usernames and passwords for authentication.
Published: 2019

27. Leveraging utilization as performance metric for CDN enabled energy efficient internet of things

Author: Saiful Islam, Mohsen Guizani, Hasan Ali Khattak, Jean-Marc Pierson, Ikram Ud Din, Mansour Zuair, Ahmad Almogren, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology - CIIT (PAKISTAN), Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (PAKISTAN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), King Saud University - KSU (SAUDI ARABIA), Qatar University (QATAR), University of Haripur (PAKISTAN), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (Pakistan), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology [Islamabad] (CIIT), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, King Saud University [Riyadh] (KSU), and Qatar University
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Dynamic energy, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, CDN utility, CDN utilization, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Server, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Authentication, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Condensed Matter Physics, Systèmes embarqués, 0104 chemical sciences, Content distribution, Metric (mathematics), CDN Security, Content Distribution Networks, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Internet of Things, Performance metric, Confidentiality, Efficient energy use, Computer network
Abstract: The exponential increase in the Internet of Things (IoT) has drastically augmented the need for computing and storage resources. IoT devices generate massive data that requires to be efficiently stored and disseminated for further processing and decision making. Given this, Content Distribution Networks (CDN) play a vital role to store and serve contents through geographically distributed surrogate servers in an IoT environment. Thanks to the explosive rise in IoT devices, CDN installations are also significantly increasing, hence, consuming a substantial amount of energy. The dynamic energy consumption of CDN resources is proportional to their utilization. Therefore, it is very crucial to design and develop utilization aware policies and strategies for sustainable content distribution. In the literature, different approaches have been proposed to improve the CDN performance by improving CDN utility in terms of security, authentication, and confidentiality, etc. Whereas, these works largely neglect the efficient utilization of CDN resources. In this perspective, this paper investigates the fact that CDN utility does not reflect the utilization of CDN resources. For this purpose, a comprehensive analysis is performed by comparing both metrics - CDN utility and CDN utilization, under various CDN scenarios. The results show that CDN utilization exhibits lower values even if the CDN utility is showing promising results. Hence, we recommend to consider utilization as a major metric to evaluate the performance of a CDN policy. - 2019 Elsevier Ltd The authors are grateful to the Deanship of Scientific Research,King Saud University for funding through Vice Deanship of Scien-tific Research Chairs. Scopus
Published: 2019

28. Network Lifetime Management in Wireless Sensor Networks

Author: Adrien van den Bossche, Thierry Val, Ahmed Zouinkhi, Mohamed Naceur Abdelkrim, Hayfa Ayadi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université de Gabès (TUNISIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Modélisation, Analyse et Commande de Systèmes - MACS (Gabès, Tunisie), Université de Gabès, Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], 0301 basic medicine, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 03 medical and health sciences, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wireless, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Auto-adaptation, IOT, Energy, business.industry, Node (networking), 802.15.4, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Energy consumption, Systèmes embarqués, WSN, 030104 developmental biology, Transmission (telecommunications), Duty cycle, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, The Internet, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Wireless sensor network, Energy (signal processing), Computer network
Abstract: International audience; The energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) stills a very interesting challenge in both the industrial and the research field. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is an excellent result of the collaboration between these both fields in order to well managing the energy consumed in the node by controlling its duty cycle. It presents the most efficient standards for low energy consumption that is why it is considered as the main technology for the Internet of Thing (IoT). Our work consists mainly of validating through an experimental testbed the two methods proposed. The first approach proposed is about computing the energy consumed by the node in its different transmission states with more efficiency. Although, the second approach deals with computing its most convenable duty cycle basing on the remaining energy in the battery of the node which presents a very interesting issue for the energy consumption in wireless communication.
Published: 2018

29. Engineering secure systems: Models, patterns and empirical validation

Author: Brahim Hamid, Donatus Weber, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universität Siegen (GERMANY), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: Scheme (programming language), General Computer Science, Computer science, Model transformation, 02 engineering and technology, Meta-modeling, Interface homme-machine, Domain (software engineering), Software, Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, Software system, computer.programming_language, Abstraction (linguistics), Operations architecture, Pattern, business.industry, 020207 software engineering, Modélisation et simulation, Model driven engineering, Metamodeling, System engineering, Cryptographie et sécurité, Security, Software engineering, business, Law, computer
Abstract: Several development approaches have been proposed to handle the growing complexity of software system design. The most popular methods use models as the main artifacts to construct and maintain. The desired role of such models is to facilitate, systematize and standardize the construction of software-based systems. In our work, we propose a model-driven engineering (MDE) methodological approach associated with a pattern-based approach to support the development of secure software systems. We address the idea of using patterns to describe solutions for security as recurring security problems in specific design contexts and present a well-proven generic scheme for their solutions. The proposed approach is based on metamodeling and model transformation techniques to define patterns at different levels of abstraction and generate different representations according to the target domain concerns, respectively. Moreover, we describe an operational architecture for development tools to support the approach. Finally, an empirical evaluation of the proposed approach is presented through a practical application to a use case in the metrology domain with strong security requirements, which is followed by a description of a survey performed among domain experts to better understand their perceptions regarding our approach.
Published: 2018

30. Energy monitoring as an essential building block towards sustainable ultrascale systems

Author: Jorge G. Barbosa, Manuel F. Dolz, Marcos Dias De Assuncao, Helen D. Karatza, Ivona Brandic, Jean-Marc Pierson, Georges Da Costa, Francisco Almeida, Ilias Mavridis, Vicente Blanco, Ariel Oleksiak, Anne C. Elster, Anne-Cécile Orgerie, Laurent Lefèvre, Mateusz Jarus, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Algorithms and Software Architectures for Distributed and HPC Platforms (AVALON), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Departamento de matematica aplicada [Porto] (LIACC), Universidade do Porto, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid] (UC3M), Department of Electronic Systems [Trondheim] (IES NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Poznan University of Technology (PUT), Design and Implementation of Autonomous Distributed Systems (MYRIADS), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SYSTÈMES LARGE ÉCHELLE (IRISA-D1), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Nesus European COST Action IC1305European Commission under contract 288701 through the project CoolEmAlFrench Fonds national pour la Societe Numerique (FSN) XLCloudGrid5000FWF through project Y 904 START-Program 2015, Grid5000, Avalon, Myriads, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Faculdade de Engenharia, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GREECE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - INRIA (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rennes - INSA (FRANCE), Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU (NORWAY), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (POLAND), Université de Bretagne Sud - UBS (FRANCE), Universität Wien (AUSTRIA), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid - UC3M (SPAIN), Universidad de La Laguna - ULL (SPAIN), Universidade do Porto - UP (PORTUGAL), Université de Rennes 1 (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires - IRISA (Rennes, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Universidad de La Laguna ( ULL ), Algorithms and Software Architectures for Distributed and HPC Platforms ( AVALON ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme ( LIP ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme ( LIP ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Departamento de matematica aplicada [Porto] ( LIACC ), University of Porto, Technical University of Vienna [Vienna] ( TU WIEN ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid [Madrid], Department of Electronics and Telecommunications [Norwegian University of Science and Technology], Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] ( NTNU ), Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center ( PSNC ), Poznan University of Technology, Design and Implementation of Autonomous Distributed Systems ( MYRIADS ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -SYSTÈMES LARGE ÉCHELLE ( IRISA_D1 ), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires ( IRISA ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires ( IRISA ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: Ultra large-scale systems, Monitoring, General Computer Science, Computer science, [ INFO.INFO-NI ] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020209 energy, energy-efficiency, Big data, Ultra-large-scale systems, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Engenharia electrotécnica, electrónica e informática [Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias], 02 engineering and technology, Bottleneck, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], [ INFO.INFO-DC ] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Architectures Matérielles, Computer engineering, Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, energy-awareness, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Simulation, Block (data storage), Energy-efficiency, business.industry, Information and Computer Science, Systèmes embarqués, Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering [Engineering and technology], monitoring, Engenharia de computadores, Engenharia electrotécnica, electrónica e informática, Risk analysis (engineering), Information technology management, Sustainability, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], business, Energy-awareness, Efficient energy use
Abstract: International audience; An Ultrascale System (USS) joins parallel and distributed computing systems that will be two to three orders of magnitude larger than today's infrastructure regarding scale, performance, the number of components and their complexity. For such systems to become a reality, however, advances must be made in High Performance Computing (HPC), large-scale distributed systems, and big data solutions, also tackling challenges such as improving the energy efficiency of the IT infrastructure. Monitoring the power consumed by underlying IT resources is essential towards optimising the manner IT resources are used and hence improve the sustainability of such systems. Nevertheless, monitoring the energy consumed by USSs is a challenging endeavour as the system can comprise thousands of heterogeneous server resources spanning multiple data centres. Moreover, the amount of monitoring data, its gathering, and processing , should never become a bottleneck nor profoundly impact the energy efficiency of the overall system. This work surveys state of the art on energy monitoring of large-scale systems and methodologies for monitoring the power consumed by large systems and discusses some of the challenges to be addressed towards monitoring and improving the energy efficiency of USSs. Next, we present efforts made on designing monitoring solutions. Finally, we discuss potential gaps in existing solutions when tackling emerging large-scale monitoring scenarios and present some directions for future research on the topic.
Published: 2018

31. Interactions and Influence of World Painters From the Reduced Google Matrix of Wikipedia Networks

Author: Katia Jaffrès-Runser, Dima L. Shepelyansky, Klaus M. Frahm, Samer El Zant, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Information et Chaos Quantiques (LPT), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-13-CHR2-0002,MACACO,Mise en cache mobile s'adaptant au contexte pour la mise en réseau centrée sur le contenue(2013), ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Physics - Physics and Society, General Computer Science, Computer science, Big data, Système d'exploitation, FOS: Physical sciences, Réseaux et télécommunications, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), 01 natural sciences, [INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], 010305 fluids & plasmas, Architectures Matérielles, 0103 physical sciences, Web page, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), Structure (mathematical logic), Painting, Information retrieval, Markov chains, Google matrix, business.industry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SOC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Physics and Society [physics.soc-ph], General Engineering, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Systèmes embarqués, Encyclopedia, Electronic publishing, The Internet, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, business, lcsh:TK1-9971, Wikipedia networks
Abstract: This study concentrates on extracting painting art history knowledge from the network structure of Wikipedia. Therefore, we construct theoretical networks of webpages representing the hyper-linked structure of articles of 7 Wikipedia language editions. These 7 networks are analyzed to extract the most influential painters in each edition using Google matrix theory. Importance of webpages of over 3000 painters are measured using PageRank algorithm. The most influential painters are enlisted and their ties are studied with the reduced Google matrix analysis. Reduced Google Matrix is a powerful method that captures both direct and hidden interactions between a subset of selected nodes taking into account the indirect links between these nodes via the remaining part of large global network. This method originates from the scattering theory of nuclear and mesoscopic physics and field of quantum chaos. From this study, we show that it is possible to extract from the components of the reduced Google matrix meaningful information on the ties between these painters. For instance, our analysis groups together painters that belong to the same painting movement and shows meaningful ties between painters of different movements. We also determine the influence of painters on world countries using link sensitivity between Wikipedia articles of painters and countries. The reduced Google matrix approach allows to obtain a balanced view of various cultural opinions of Wikipedia language editions. The world countries with the largest number of top painters of selected 7 Wikipedia editions are found to be Italy, France, Russia. We argue that this approach gives meaningful information about art and that it could be a part of extensive network analysis on human knowledge and cultures., Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, submitted to IEEE Access
Published: 2018

32. Comparative Analysis of Ranging Protocols for Localization by UWB in Outdoor

Author: Bouya Diop, Salick Diagne, Abdou Karim Farota, Thierry Val, Laboratoire des Sciences de l’atmosphère et des Océans (LSAO), Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis Sénégal (UGB), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis - UGB (SENEGAL), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, ToF, Real-time computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Ultra-wideband, 02 engineering and technology, Field (computer science), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], UWB, Outdoor location, Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wireless, DecaWiNo, TWR, Ranging, business.industry, Process (computing), Skew, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Actuator, business, Wireless sensor network
Abstract: International audience; The rapid evolution of technology in the field of wireless telecommunications and micro components using MEMS technologies (Micro-electromechanical systems) has contributed to the expansion and rapid development of wireless sensor networks (WSN). This rapid development has contributed to the appearance of sensor and actuator networks (WSAN) or even to the Internet of Things with DL_IoT (Device Layer-Internet of Things). This rapid evolution of WSN is due to the enthusiasm generated by this last in industry and research. This new technology is used in several applications, particularly in the outdoor location of communicating nodes. The process of distance calculation between nodes (ranging) is a primordial phase for a precise location of these nodes. This paper presents the result of measurements do with three ranging protocols (TWR, TWR_Skew and SDS-TWR) implemented on DecaWiNo nodes. DecaWiNo nodes use the Ultra Wide Band (UWB) radio links, proposed by the IEEE 802.15.4 standard amendment of the year 2007, which provides a high performance ranging by ToF (Time of Flight). The results are very promising with precision errors of the order of 50 cm over 20 meters.
Published: 2018

33. A dedicated approach for model composition traceability

Author: Bernard Coulette, Adil Anwar, Mahmoud Nassar, Youness Laghouaouta, Université Mohammed V, Smart Modeling for softw@re Research and Technology (IRIT-SM@RT), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Université Mohammed V-Rabat - UM5 (MOROCCO), and Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Traceability, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Context (language use), [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 02 engineering and technology, Tracing, Interface homme-machine, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, Quality (business), Relevance (information retrieval), [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Software system, Model composition, media_common, computer.programming_language, business.industry, 020207 software engineering, Modélisation et simulation, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Model traceability, Graph transformations, Computer Science Applications, NFR framework, Scalability, Cryptographie et sécurité, Systems engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Model-driven architecture, Software engineering, business, Aspect-oriented modeling, computer, Software, Information Systems
Abstract: International audience; Context: Software systems are often too complex to be expressed by a single model. Recognizing this, the Model Driven Engineering (MDE) proposes multi-modeling approaches to allow developers to describe a system from different perspectives. In this context, model composition has become important since the combination of those partial representations is inevitable. Nevertheless, no approach has been defined for keeping track of the composition effects, and this operation has been overshadowed by model transformations. Objective: This paper presents a traceability approach dedicated to the composition of models. Two aspects of quality are considered: producing relevant traces; and dealing with scalability. Method: The composition of softgoal trees has been selected to motivate the need for tracing the composition of models and to illustrate our approach. The base principle is to augment the specification of the composition with the behavior needed to generate the expected composed model accompanied with a trace model. This latter includes traces of the execution details. For that, traceability is considered as a crosscutting concern and encapsulated in an aspect. As part of the proposal, an Eclipse plug-in has been implemented as a tool support. Besides, a comparative experiment has been conducted to assess the traces relevance. We also used the regression method to validate the scalability of the tool support. Results: Our experiments show that the proposed approach allows generating relevant traces. In addition, the obtained results reveal that tracing a growing number of elements causes an acceptable increase of response time.Conclusion: This paper presents a traceability approach dedicated to the composition of models and its application to softgoal trees. The experiment results reveal that our proposal considers the composition specificities for producing valuable traceability information while supporting scalability.
Published: 2017

34. Multi-cultural Wikipedia mining of geopolitics interactions leveraging reduced Google matrix analysis

Author: Samer El Zant, Klaus M. Frahm, Dima L. Shepelyansky, Katia Jaffrès-Runser, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Information et Chaos Quantiques (LPT), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), CNRS MASTODONS project APLIGOOGLE 2016, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Physics - Physics and Society, Wikipedia network, Relation (database), media_common.quotation_subject, Système d'exploitation, FOS: Physical sciences, Réseaux et télécommunications, General Physics and Astronomy, World history, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Geopolitics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Politics, Architectures Matérielles, 0103 physical sciences, Web page, 010306 general physics, media_common, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), International relations, Physics, Markov chains, Google matrix, Geopolitical interactions of countries, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, geopolitical relations, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Systèmes embarqués, Data science, directed networks, Multiculturalism, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD), Wikipedia
Abstract: Geopolitics focuses on political power in relation to geographic space. Interactions among world countries have been widely studied at various scales, observing economic exchanges, world history or international politics among others. This work exhibits the potential of Wikipedia mining for such studies. Indeed, Wikipedia stores valuable fine-grained dependencies among countries by linking webpages together for diverse types of interactions (not only related to economical, political or historical facts). We mine herein the Wikipedia networks of several language editions using the recently proposed method of reduced Google matrix analysis. This approach allows to establish direct and hidden links between a subset of nodes that belong to a much larger directed network. Our study concentrates on 40 major countries chosen worldwide. Our aim is to offer a multicultural perspective on their interactions by comparing networks extracted from five different Wikipedia language editions, emphasizing English, Russian and Arabic ones. We demonstrate that this approach allows to recover meaningful direct and hidden links among the 40 countries of interest., Comment: 12 Pages, 6 figures, final version with slight modifications, accepted for publication in Physics Letters A. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.01948
Published: 2017

35. Spatio-temporal thermal-aware scheduling for homogeneous high-performance computing datacenters

Author: Patricia Stolf, Hongyang Sun, Jean-Marc Pierson, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Optimisation des ressources : modèles, algorithmes et ordonnancement (ROMA), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), ANR-10-LABX-0070,MILYON,Community of mathematics and fundamental computer science in Lyon(2010), European Project: 288701,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-7,COOLEMALL(2011), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon - ENS de Lyon (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - INRIA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Distributed computing, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, 02 engineering and technology, Scheduling (computing), Spatio-temporal correlation, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Server, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Resource management, DVFS, Frequency scaling, HPC datacenters, 020203 distributed computing, Makespan, Job shop scheduling, Heuristic, Energy consumption, Thermal model, Supercomputer, Systèmes embarqués, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Hardware and Architecture, Homogeneous, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Software, Thermal-aware scheduling
Abstract: Datacenters have become an important part of todays computing infrastructure. Recent studies have shown the increasing importance of thermal considerations to achieve effective resource management. In this paper, we study thermal-aware scheduling for homogeneous high-performance computing (HPC) datacenters under a thermal model that captures both spatial and temporal correlations of the temperature evolution. We propose an online scheduling heuristic to minimize the makespan for a set of HPC applications subject to a thermal constraint. The heuristic leverages the novel notion of thermal-aware load to perform both job assignment and thermal management. To respect the temperature constraint, which is governed by a complex spatio-temporal thermal correlation, dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is used to regulate the job executions during runtime while dynamically balancing the loads of the servers to improve makespan. Extensive simulations are conducted based on an experimentally validated datacenter configuration and realistic parameter settings. The results show improved performance of the proposed heuristic compared to existing solutions in the literature, and demonstrate the importance of both spatial and temporal considerations. In contrast to some scheduling problems, where DVFS introduces performanceenergy tradeoffs, our findings reveal the benefit of applying DVFS with both performance and energy gains in the context of spatio-temporal thermal-aware scheduling. Thermal model capturing both spatial and temporal temperature correlations in datacenters.Formulation of a spatio-temporal thermal-aware scheduling problem for HPC applications.Scheduling heuristic using thermal-aware load for job assignment and thermal management.Simulations to show the effectiveness of heuristic under a wide range of parameters.
Published: 2017

36. Making the field of computing more inclusive

Author: John \\'Scooter\\' Morris, Tovi Grossman, Jonathan Lazar, Gerrit C. van der Veer, Jennifer Mankoff, Elizabeth F. Churchill, Philippe Palanque, Towson University [Towson, MD, United States], University of Maryland System, Google Inc., Autodesk Research, University of Twente [Netherlands], Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Open University of the Netherlands [Heerlen], Dalian Maritime University, Luxun Academy of Fine Arts - LAFA (Shenyang, Chine), Luxun Academy of Fine Arts (Shenyang) (LAFA), Interactive Critical Systems (IRIT-ICS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] (CMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Dalian Maritime University - DMU (CHINA), Google Inc. (USA), Luxun Academy of Fine Arts - LAFA (CHINA), Open Universiteit - OU (NETHERLANDS), University of California, San Francisco - UCSF (USA), University of Twente (NETHERLANDS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( VU ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of California [San Francisco] ( UCSF ), Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] ( CMU ), Software and Sustainability (S2), Network Institute, Software & Services, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], [ INFO.INFO-MO ] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, SDG 16 - Peace, General Computer Science, Computer science, [ INFO.INFO-CR ] Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], [ INFO.INFO-SE ] Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Interface homme-machine, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Lead (geology), [ INFO.INFO-HC ] Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Human–computer interaction, Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [ INFO.INFO-ES ] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], 050107 human factors, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, Field (Bourdieu), 05 social sciences, SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Modélisation et simulation, Accessibility, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Justice and Strong Institutions, Emerging technologies, Human-centered computing, Cryptographie et sécurité, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [ INFO.INFO-AR ] Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR]
Abstract: People with disabilities are a potential source of ideas and additional membership for professional computing organizations. Including people with disabilities in the decision-making processes of professional computing organizations ensures the most important barriers are addressed first. SIGCHI is one of ACM's largest special interest groups, with approximately 3,500 members as of 2016. SIGCHI has three goals, underscore the importance of stakeholder engagement; offer broad suggestions for how large SIGs can improve the inclusiveness of physical events and digital content; and underscore that addressing physical and digital accessibility is an ongoing process that takes time, with involvement of many stakeholders. These stakeholders must work together to drive the creation of acceptable and accepted guidelines and resources, find individuals with expertise to work in an advisory capacity, and find volunteers to implement effective strategies and provide feedback regarding the policies and guidelines in action. SIGCHI's hope is that SIGCHI will be a community that is perceived as welcoming for all researchers and practitioners with disabilities. Large SIGs, when they educate others about digital and physical accessibility, can have significant influence on the conference locations they rent and the universities and companies that employ their members. ACM has a leading role to play by ensuring all SIGs strive to be inclusive and by thus being a role model for other professional associations. The best way to handle such responsibility would ultimately be to ensure there are professional staff supporting and centralizing the most vital accessibility needs and accessibility is included in contractual relationships.
Published: 2017

37. Supporting pattern-based dependability engineering via model-driven development: Approach, tool-support and empirical validation

Author: Jon Perez, Brahim Hamid, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), IK4-IKERLAN (SPAIN), Modèles, Architectures, Composants, Agilité et prOcessus (IRIT-MACAO), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, IK4 - IKERLAN [Mondragón], and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Engineering, Context (language use), [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], 02 engineering and technology, Reuse, Dependability, Meta-modeling, Interface homme-machine, Domain (software engineering), Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Software, Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Software system, Patterns, Operations architecture, business.industry, 020207 software engineering, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Systèmes embarqués, Model driven engineering, System engineering, Hardware and Architecture, Cryptographie et sécurité, Systems engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Safety, Software engineering, business, Information Systems
Abstract: A pattern-based approach as a new method for system dependability engineering based on the reuse of patterns.The design a set of DSMLs to specify the dependability patterns.The development of a set of tools to support the proposed approach.The application of the approach in the context of railway systems.These results suggest our work has wider applicability and usefulness. Safety-critical systems require a high level of safety and integrity. Therefore, generating such systems involves specific software building processes. Many domains are not traditionally involved in these types of software problems and must adapt their current processes accordingly. Typically, such requirements are developed ad hoc for each system, preventing further reuse beyond the domain-specific boundaries. This paper proposes a solution for software system development based on the reuse of dedicated subsystems, i.e., so-called dependability patterns that have been pre-engineered to adapt to a specific domain. We use Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) to describe dependability patterns and a methodology for developing dependable software systems using these patterns. Moreover, we describe an operational architecture for development tools to support the approach. An empirical evaluation of the proposed approach is presented through its practical application to a case study in the railway domain, which has strong dependability requirements, to support a pattern-based development approach. This case study is followed by a survey to better understand the perceptions of practitioners regarding our approach.
Published: 2016

38. Everything You Should Know About Intel SGX Performance on Virtualized Systems

Author: Alain Tchana, Stella Bitchebe, Bao Bui, Tu Dinh Ngoc, Daniel Hagimont, Valerio Schiavoni, Pascal Felber, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), and Université de Neuchâtel (SWITZERLAND)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, Performance, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, Cloud computing, Trusted hardware, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Virtualization, 0103 physical sciences, Computer Science (miscellaneous), Intel SGX, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Block (data storage), 010302 applied physics, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, business.industry, Systèmes embarqués, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Hardware and Architecture, Operating system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, computer, Software
Abstract: International audience; Intel SGX has attracted much attention from academia and is already powering commercial applications. Cloud providers have also started implementing SGX in their cloud offerings. Research efforts on Intel SGX so far have mainly concentrated on its security and programmability. However, no work has studied in detail the performance degradation caused by SGX in virtualized systems. Such settings are particularly important, considering that virtualization is the de facto building block of cloud infrastructure, yet often comes with a performance impact. This paper presents for the first time a detailed performance analysis of Intel SGX in a virtualized system in comparison with a bare-metal system. Based on our findings, we identify several optimization strategies that would improve the performance of Intel SGX on such systems.
Published: 2019

39. A Modular Framework for Verifying Versatile Distributed Systems

Author: Florent Chevrou, Aurélie Hurault, Philippe Quéinnec, Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), ANR-16-CE25-0006,PARDI,Vérification de systèmes distribués paramétrés(2016), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)
Subjects: Model checking, [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Logic, Computer science, Distributed computing, Existential quantification, Interaction protocol, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Distributed systems, Interface homme-machine, 01 natural sciences, Theoretical Computer Science, Data modeling, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Architectures Matérielles, Multicast, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Logique en informatique, business.industry, 020207 software engineering, Modular design, Modélisation et simulation, Multicast communication, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, TLA+, Computational Theory and Mathematics, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Asynchronous communication, Models of communication, Compatibility (mechanics), Cryptographie et sécurité, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Compatibility checking, business, Software
Abstract: International audience; Putting independent components together is a common design practice of distributed systems. Besides, there exists a wide range of interaction protocols that dictate how these components interact, which impacts their compatibility. However, the communication model itself always consists in a monolithic description of the rules and properties of the communication. In this paper, we propose a mechanized framework for the compatibility checking of compositions of peers where the interaction protocol can be fine tuned through assembly of basic properties on the communication. These include whether the communication is point-to-point, multicast or convergecast, which ordering-policies are to be applied, applicative priorities, bounds on the number of messages in transit, and so on. Among these properties, we focus on a generic description of multicast communication that encompasses point-to-point and one-to-all communication as special cases. The components that form the communication model are specified in TLA+, and a system, composed of a communication model and a specification of the behavior of the peers (also in TLA+ ), is checked with the TLA+ model checker. Eventually we provide theoretical views on the relations between ordering-policies through the lenses of multicast and convergecast communication.
Published: 2019

40. Dynamic security management driven by situations: An Exploratory analysis of logs for the identification of security situations

Author: Francois Barrere, Darine Rammal, Abdelmalek Benzekri, Arnaud Oglaza, Romain Laborde, Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Situation awareness, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Réseaux et télécommunications, Complex event processing, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Security policy, Task (project management), [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], loC, Architectures Matérielles, Order (exchange), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Security management, Abstraction (linguistics), 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, CEP, Security situation, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Identification (information), APT, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, SoC, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], computer, SIEM
Abstract: International audience; Situation awareness consists of "the perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future". Being aware of the security situation is then mandatory to launch proper security reactions in response to cybersecurity attacks. Security Incident and Event Management solutions are deployed within Security Operation Centers. Some vendors propose machine learning based approaches to detect intrusions by analysing networks behaviours. But cyberattacks like Wannacry and NotPetya, which shut down hundreds of thousands of computers, demonstrated that networks monitoring and surveillance solutions remain insufficient. Detecting these complex attacks (a.k.a. Advanced Persistent Threats) requires security administrators to retain a large number of logs just in case problems are detected and involve the investigation of past security events. This approach generates massive data that have to be analysed at the right time in order to detect any accidental or caused incident. In the same time, security administrators are not yet seasoned to such a task and lack the desired skills in data science. As a consequence, a large amount of data is available and still remains unexplored which leaves number of indicators of compromise under the radar. Building on the concept of situation awareness, we developed a situation-driven framework, called dynSMAUG, for dynamic security management. This approach simplifies the security management of dynamic systems and allows the specification of security policies at a high-level of abstraction (close to security requirements). This invited paper aims at exposing real security situations elicitation, coming from networks security experts, and showing the results of exploratory analysis techniques using complex event processing techniques to identify and extract security situations from a large volume of logs. The results contributed to the extension of the dynSMAUG solution.
Published: 2019

41. Comparing energy-aware vs. cost-aware data replication strategy

Author: Riad Mokadem, Morgan Seguela, Jean-Marc Pierson, Optimisation Dynamique de Requêtes Réparties à grande échelle (IRIT-PYRAMIDE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Profit (accounting), Computer science, Reliability (computer networking), Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Context (language use), Cloud computing, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Energy consumption, Systèmes embarqués, Risk analysis (engineering), Carbon footprint, Data Replication, Profit, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Cloud, Access time, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: International audience; The sharp increase of the overall data amount makes their access and processing harder. Data replication is a well known technique that helps to decrease access time and improve reliability. In the context of Cloud Databases, most of data replication strategies do not answer simultaneously to performance and provider's profit with an awareness on energy consumption. In this paper, we compare different data replication strategies. Some of them intend to reduce the overall energy consumption when others intend to maximize the profit. We highlight that very few data replication strategies Figure out simultaneously solutions for those issues even if there is a high demand from industries to reduce energy consumption and carbon footprint. We finally analyse why and how the race for profit and energy savings should be researched together.
Published: 2019

42. A Map of Asynchronous Communication Models

Author: Philippe Quéinnec, Florent Chevrou, Aurélie Hurault, Shin Nakajima, Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), National Institute of Informatics (NII), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), and National Institute of Informatics - NII (JAPAN)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Correctness, Theoretical computer science, reﬁne-ments of communication models, Computer science, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Interface homme-machine, 01 natural sciences, Safety property, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Architectures Matérielles, Component (UML), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Génie logiciel, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Formal verification, Abstraction (linguistics), Event (computing), Modélisation et simulation, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Asynchronous communication, Distributed algorithm, Models of communication, Cryptographie et sécurité, Event-B, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, formal veriﬁcation, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems
Abstract: National audience; Asynchronous communication encompasses a variety of fea-tures besides the decoupling of send and receive events. Those include message-ordering policies which are often crucial to the correctness of a distributed algorithm. This paper establishes a map of communica-tion models that exhibits the relations between them along two axes of comparison: the strength of the ordering property and the level of ab-straction of the speciﬁcation. This brings knowledge about which model can be substituted by another without breaking any safety property. Fur-thermore, it brings ﬂexibility and ready-to-use modules when developing correct-by-construction distributed systems where model decomposition exposes the communication component. Both criteria of comparison are covered by reﬁnement. We consider seven ordering policies and we model in Event-B these communication models at three levels of abstraction. The proofs of reﬁnement between all of these are mechanized in Rodin.
Published: 2019

43. Taylor Series Revisited

Author: Xavier Thirioux, Alexis Maffart, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Certification, PDE solving, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], PDE, 01 natural sciences, Interface homme-machine, symbols.namesake, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Architectures Matérielles, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Taylor series, Elementary function, Génie logiciel, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Algebraic expression, Mathematics, Polynomial approximations, Taylor expansion, Coinduction, Ode, Type scheme, 020207 software engineering, Informatique et langage, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Systèmes embarqués, Algebra, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Scheme (mathematics), symbols, Cryptographie et sécurité, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems
Abstract: International audience; We propose a renovated approach around the use of Taylor expansions to provide polynomial approximations. We introduce a coinductive type scheme and finely-tuned operations that altogether constitute an algebra, where our multivariate Taylor expansions are first-class objects. As for applications, beyond providing classical expansions of integro-differential and algebraic expressions mixed with elementary functions, we demonstrate that solving ODE and PDE in a direct way, without external solvers, is also possible. We also discuss the possibility of computing certified errors within our scheme.
Published: 2019

44. Performance analysis of space-time priority queues

Author: Dieter Fiems, Urtzi Ayesta, C. Carballo-Lozano, Deusto Institute of Technology (DeustoTech), University of Deusto, Universidad de Deusto (DEUSTO), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing (TELIN/UGent), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IKERBASQUE (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Universiteit Gent - UGENT (BELGIUM), Universidad de Deusto (SPAIN), University of the Basque Country - UPV/EHU (SPAIN), and Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Technology and Engineering, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Finite buffer, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Blocking (statistics), 01 natural sciences, 010104 statistics & probability, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Priority queue, Modelling and Simulation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Blocking probability, 0101 mathematics, Queue, Event (probability theory), Queueing theory, Network packet, business.industry, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Performance analysis, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Hardware and Architecture, Modeling and Simulation, The Internet, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, Software, Degradation (telecommunications), Computer network
Abstract: International audience; Depending on the application level quality requirements, packets on the Internet can broadly be classified into two classes: Streaming (S) and Elastic (E). Streaming packets require low delays, but can tolerate packet losses without degrading the user level performance. Elastic traffic has less stringent delay demands, but its performance is very sensitive to packet losses, since the latter trigger costly packet recovery mechanisms. In this paper, we analyze a space–time priority queue (STPQ), a queueing discipline that can satisfy the performance criterion of both classes. Streaming packets get time priority, i.e., they are served with priority over elastic packets, while elastic packets get space priority, i.e., in the event the buffer is full, the arrival of an elastic packet will trigger, with probability , the push-out from the queue of a streaming packet. In our main analytical result, we have developed efficient algorithms to compute the steady-state probabilities and the mean delay of STPQ. We have also analyzed the queue in the light-traffic regime, which allows us to derive a closed-form approximation. Numerical results illustrate that the STPQ can provide a low delay to streaming packets without significant degradation of the blocking probability of elastic packets.
Published: 2019

45. Traffic Monitoring on City Roads Using UAVs

Author: Hanen Idoudi, Mouna Elloumi, Riadh Dhaou, Leila Azouz Saidane, Benoit Escrig, Andrei Fer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique - ENSI (TUNISIA), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Military Technical Academy (ROMANIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)
Subjects: Computer science, Learning strategy, 010401 analytical chemistry, Real-time computing, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 020206 networking & telecommunications, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, Energy consumption, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMethodologies_ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCE, Systèmes embarqués, Trafﬁc monitoring, 0104 chemical sciences, Traffic regulation, Architectures Matérielles, Range (aeronautics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Events detection process, ComputerSystemsOrganization_SPECIAL-PURPOSEANDAPPLICATION-BASEDSYSTEMS, Unmanned Areal Vehicles (UAVs), Road traffic, UAVs tra jectories
Abstract: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) based systems are a suitable solution for monitoring, more particularly for traffic monitoring. The mobility, the low cost, and the broad view range of UAVs make them an attractive solution for traffic monitoring of city roads. UAVs are used to collect and send information about vehicles and unusual events to a traffic processing center, for traffic regulation. Existing UAVs based systems use only one UAV with a fixed trajectory. In this paper, we are using multiple cooperative UAVs to monitor the road traffic. This approach is based on adaptive UAVs trajectories, adjusted by moving points in UAVs fields of views. We introduced a learning phase to search for events locations with a frequent occurrence and to place UAVs above those locations. Our approach allows the detection of a lot of events and permits the reduction of UAVs energy consumption.
Published: 2019

46. Drowsy-DC: Data center power management system

Author: Daniel Hagimont, Willy Zwaenepoel, Grégoire Todeschi, Mathieu Bacou, Baptiste Lepers, Alain Tchana, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL (SWITZERLAND), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Long lived mostly idle, Computer science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Idle, low-power state, Architectures Matérielles, Virtualization, long-lived mostly idle, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Overhead (computing), Power management system, business.industry, power consumption, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020207 software engineering, Energy consumption, virtualization, Systèmes embarqués, Low power state, Virtual machine, Power consumption, Operating system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Data center, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, consolidation, computer, Consolidation, Efficient energy use
Abstract: National audience; In a modern data center (DC), a large majority of costs arise from energy consumption. The most popular technique used to mitigate this issue is virtualization and more precisely virtual machine (VM) consolidation. Although consolidation may increase server usage by about 5-10%, it is difficult to actually witness server loads greater than 50%. By analyzing the traces from our cloud provider partner, confirmed by previous research work, we have identified that some VMs have sporadic moments of data computation followed by large periods of idleness. These VMs often hinder the consolidation system which cannot further increase the energy efficiency of the DC. In this paper we propose a novel DC power management system called Drowsy-DC, which is able to identify the aforementioned VMs which have matching patterns of idleness. These VMs can thus be colocated on the same server so that their idle periods are exploited to put the server to a low power mode (suspend to RAM) until some data computation is required. While introducing a negligible overhead, our system is able to significantly improve any VM consolidation system; evaluations showed improvements up to 81% and more when compared to OpenStack Neat.
Published: 2019

47. Nested Virtualization Without the Nest

Author: Alain Tchana, Grégoire Todeschi, Daniel Hagimont, Mathieu Bacou, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Computer science, Nested virtualization, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, Network virtualization, Cloud computing, Network, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, Virtualization, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Container, 020203 distributed computing, Network packet, business.industry, Fragmentation (computing), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Orchestrator, Systèmes embarqués, Software deployment, Virtual machine, Operating system, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], business, computer
Abstract: International audience; With the increasing popularity of containers, managing them on top of virtual machines becomes a common practice, called nested virtualization. This paper presents BrFusion and Hostlo, two solutions that address each of two networking issues of nested virtualization: network virtualization duplication and virtual machine-bounded pod deployments. The first issue lengthens network packet paths while the second issue leads to resource fragmentation. For instance, in respect with the first issue, we measured a throughput degradation of about 68% and a latency increase of about 31% in comparison with a single networking layer. We prototype BrFusion and Hostlo in Linux KVM/QEMU, Docker and Kubernetes systems. The evaluation results show that BrFusion leads to the same performance as a single-layer virtualization deployment. Concerning Hostlo, the results show that more than 11% of cloud clients see their cloud utilization cost reduced by down to 40%.
Published: 2019

48. A new multi-agent particle swarm algorithm based on birds accents for the 3D indoor deployment problem

Author: Nejah Nasri, Sami Mnasri, Adrien van den Bossche, Thierry Val, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax - ENIS (TUNISIA), Université de Sfax (TUNISIA), Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites (IRIT-RMESS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Analyse et Commande des Systèmes (LACS), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, Evolutionary algorithm, Réseaux et télécommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Machine Learning, Many-objective optimization, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Local optimum, Architectures Matérielles, Stress (linguistics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Cluster Analysis, Instrumentation, Multi-agent, education.field_of_study, 3D indoor deployment, Behavior, Animal, Applied Mathematics, Particle swarm optimization, Systèmes embarqués, Computer Science Applications, Algorithms, Experimental validation, Population, Système d'exploitation, Context (language use), Machine learning, Birds, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Cluster (physics), Animals, Computer Simulation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, education, Ecosystem, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, DL-IoT collection networks, Reproducibility of Results, Informatique et langage, Models, Theoretical, Control and Systems Engineering, Software deployment, Artificial intelligence, Vocalization, Animal, business, computer, Accent based PSO, Software
Abstract: International audience; The 3D indoor deployment of sensor nodes is a complex real world problem, proven to be NP-hard and difficult to resolve using classical methods. In this context, we propose a hybrid approach relying on a novel bird's accent-based many objective particle swarm optimization algorithm (named acMaPSO) to resolve the problem of 3D indoor deployment on the Internet of Things collection networks. The new concept of bird's accent is presented to assess the search ability of particles in their local areas. To conserve the diversity of the population during searching, particles are separated into different accent groups by their regional habitation and are classified into different categories of birds/particles in each cluster according to their common manner of singing. A particle in an accent-group can select other particles as its neighbors from its group or from other groups (which sing differently) if the selected particles have the same expertise in singing or are less experienced compared to this particle. To allow the search escaping from local optima, the most expert particles (parents) ''die'' and are regularly replaced by a novice (newborn) randomly generated ones. Moreover, the hybridization of the proposed acMaPSO algorithm with multi-agent systems is suggested. The new variant (named acMaMaPSO) takes advantage of the distribution and interactivity of particle agents. Experimental, numerical and statistical found results show the effectiveness of the two proposed variants compared to different other recent state-of-the-art of many-objective evolutionary algorithms.
Published: 2019

49. Validating Static WCET Analysis: A Method and Its Application

Author: Sun, Wei-Tsun, Jenn, Eric, Cassé, Hugues, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Thales (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Thales (France), Groupe de Recherche en Architecture et Compilation pour les systèmes embarqués (IRIT-TRACES), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], nML, 000 Computer science, knowledge, general works, Architectures Matérielles, ISS, Validation of WCET tools, Computer Science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Systèmes embarqués
Abstract: International audience; WCET analysis is a key activity in the development of safety critical real-time systems. Whether upper bounds on WCETs are obtained using static analysis or measurements, the confidence on the compliance of a system with its temporal requirements directly depends on the confidence on these estimations. Static WCET analysis based on abstract interpretation takes benefits from its formal foundations. However, it also strongly depends on the correctness of the underlying models. We hereby show how we have validated the version of the data flow static analyser of OTAWA applied to the AURIX TC275 target processor.
Published: 2019

50. Design and evaluation of a semantic indicator for automatically supporting programming learning

Author: Broisin, Julien, Herouard, Clément, Service IntEgration and netwoRk Administration (IRIT-SIERA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), and Ecole Normale Supérieure de Rennes - ENS Rennes (FRANCE)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Edit distance, Système d'exploitation, Programming learning, Réseaux et télécommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Semantic analysis, Levenshtein algorithm, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Architectures Matérielles, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Educational datamining, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS]
Abstract: International audience; How to support students in programming learning has beena great research challenge in the last years. To address thischallenge, prior works have mainly focused on proposingsolutions based on syntactic analysis to provide studentswith personalized feedback about their grammatical pro-gramming errors and misconceptions. However, syntacticanalysis falls short on informing learners how they solve theprogramming problem, even if one key learning outcome ofprogramming relates to the development of an individual'sability to solve a problem. In this article, we introduce anindicator to analyze beginners' code based on semantic prox-imity. This indicator adapts an edit distance algorithm (i.e.,the Levenshtein distance) to express the proximity of thestudents' code with the expected solution provided by theteacher, in order to express the learners' capacity to solvethe given problem. To process our indicator, we applied ma-chine learning techniques to a dataset from an introductoryprogramming course with a sample of 166 students. Thefirst results are encouraging. On the one hand, the semanticindicator can be used to automatically classify source codesas semantically correct or incorrect in 58% of the cases. Onthe other hand, the indicator is correlated with teachers'summative evaluations of students' codes. Even if furtherinvestigations must be conducted to improve the indicator'saccuracy, the results of this study make it possible to use ourapproach as the foundations for future research in semantic-based intelligent and awareness programming systems.
Published: 2019

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