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The use of (ICT) in logistics has been advocated to enhance the performance of the logistics sector especially in the seaports. A huge number of researches showed the importance of using RBV in analyzing performance. RBV however has been adopted in accordance to address the implication of IT on performance for many years, and the latest findings on “IT-performance” relationship is very unclear to make a conclusion. Therefore, further study on application of this theory in the ICT-performance relationship in port industry. This study seeks to examine the impact of ICT implementation on Penang Port Sdn. Bhd. (PPSB) performance. This research is exploratory in nature and the data was collected through a series of interviews. The result from this study shows that there are impact on the ICT usage, container management and Smart-Rail system on port performance. However, this study indicates that port security system does not give an impact towards achieving overall port performance. This study found that technology resources raise internal and external capabilities, which in turn affect port performance. Port resources positively affect organizational efficiency through its impact on internal capabilities thus directly impact the port performance. The results of this study provide direction for investing and managing organizational it resources to achieve competiveness.

An investigation on the Muslim concept of al-Hakimiyya (sovereignty) highlights judicial aspect as among the important one. Therefore, this research attempts to examine approaches taken by Muslim rulers in translating concept of al-Hakimiyya by choosing one of the most conflicting region, namely Islamicjerusalem (Bayt al-Maqdis). By investigating the implementation of Islamic law in Islamicjerusalem during the first Muslim conquest of this region, this paper affirms that Muslims had strategically and successfully translated al-Hakimiyya concept into practice by upholding Islamic law as the backbone of Umar’s Assurance of Safety to the people Islamicjerusalem. This also guided them in initiating appropriate measures to judiciously implement Islamic law by appointing qualified judges and establishing police department since the first Muslim conquest led by 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab.

This research aims to determine the relationship of port resources and capabilities with the port performance. The data was collected through self-administered survey and mail questionnaires.The results from the findings indicate that port tangible resources such as financial assets, technology assets and physical assets are playing a significant role to increase performance of Malaysian port.Meanwhile, for port intangible assets such as intellectual property assets, organizational assets and capabilities, the study found that these resources have significantly contributed to the higher port performance as compared to port tangible assets.Most interestingly, the findings also discover that the organizational assets such as port culture, structure of the firms, firm human resource policies, port contract in the vertical and horizontal integration and port reputation show the highest significant level as compared to other components in the port intangible assets.This study extends the body of literature related to the source of port competitive advantage. The findings of this research are also providing important contributions for practitioners and policy makers in developing policies and strategies for promoting Malaysia as a world maritime nation.

This paper is aimed to analyze the trends and changing environment of Malaysian ports industry and also attempts to discuss the strategies to sustain competitive advantage based on the theoretical perspective Ports cannot rely only on its external resources such as strategic locational advantage, excellent physical infrastructure and good structure of hinterland. The emergence of RBV has expanding the way of sustaining port competitive advantage by extracting and utilizing the firm internal resources. The detailed discussion of the ports and its resources, and analyzed the case using Resources-based view (RBV) of strategy. Finally this paper aimed to develop the Malaysian port competitiveness based on RBV framework.